A portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device and an evaluation method

Abstract

The application provides a portable real-ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device and method, which comprises a real-ship vibration isolation system model (vibration source sub-model and vibration response sub-model of the vibration isolation system); vibration and noise data of the vibration isolation system in operation are tested based on the vibration source sub-model; vibration responses and transfer functions of each subsystem are obtained based on the vibration response sub-model; the vibration isolation amount, impedance, vibration intensity and the like of the system are obtained based on a vibration isolation characteristic evaluation module, and the vibration isolation effect of the system is rapidly evaluated; vibration responses, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions are calculated based on a real-ship vibration evaluation module; and vibration responses, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise at the evaluation position under the current working condition and the vibration isolation design are examined based on a real-ship test database and an energy superposition principle. The application can rapidly and accurately evaluate the vibration isolation effect, vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the multi-source vibration isolation system under different working conditions, has wide applicability and has a simple implementation process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ship vibration and noise reduction technology, in particular to a portable real-ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ship vibration isolation system is mainly composed of equipment, raft, isolator, base and other structures, and the operation of mechanical equipment is one of the important reasons for causing local vibration of the ship, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise. Evaluating the vibration isolation performance of mechanical equipment and obtaining the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the real ship based on this are of great significance for mastering the acoustic state of each vibration isolation system of the ship and deciding the tactical strategy. In addition, when the state of the ship vibration isolation system changes (such as equipment maintenance or replacement of isolators), if further acoustic and vibration characteristics of the system are needed, a large number of real-ship tests or numerical simulations are often performed. Therefore, it is of great significance for the acoustic index accessibility and low-noise design of the ship to quickly evaluate the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the vibration isolation system. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a portable real-ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device and method to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, which can test and evaluate the acoustic performance of the ship vibration isolation system and quickly and accurately evaluate the acoustic and vibration characteristics of the real ship, has wide applicability, and the implementation process is simple.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: the present application provides a portable real-ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device, which comprises a real-ship model construction module, a data acquisition and analysis module, a vibration isolation characteristic evaluation module, a database module and a real-ship acoustic and vibration evaluation module.

[0005] The model construction module is used to construct a real-ship vibration isolation system vibration noise model; the real-ship vibration isolation system vibration noise model comprises a vibration isolation system acoustic and vibration source sub-model and an acoustic and vibration response sub-model.

[0006] The data acquisition and analysis module acquires the acoustic and vibration response and transfer function of the vibration isolation system based on the vibration isolation system acoustic and vibration source sub-model and the acoustic and vibration response sub-model, respectively.

[0007] The vibration isolation characteristic evaluation module quickly calculates the related index parameters of the vibration isolation characteristics of the system according to the acoustic and vibration response of the vibration isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module, acquires the isolation amount, base impedance and vibration intensity, and evaluates the vibration isolation characteristics of the system.

[0008] The database module saves vibration noise source characteristics, vibration reduction and isolation characteristics, sound vibration transfer functions and ship evaluation models of the multi-source vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions according to the sound vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system obtained by the data acquisition and analysis module.

[0009] The ship sound vibration evaluation module is based on the database module and the energy superposition principle to complete the evaluation of the vibration response at the test position, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.

[0010] Preferably, the sound vibration source sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system is constructed based on the equipment base, isolator and raft of the vibration reduction and isolation system; and the sound vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system.

[0011] Preferably, the data acquisition and analysis module is connected to and controls the data acquisition hardware including acceleration sensors and microphones to obtain the vibration and noise response in the vibration reduction and isolation system.

[0012] The application also provides a ship vibration noise test and evaluation method of a vibration reduction and isolation system, which comprises the following steps:

[0013] S1, constructing a ship vibration reduction and isolation system model based on each substructure of the vibration reduction and isolation system, wherein the ship vibration reduction and isolation system model comprises a sound vibration source sub-model and a sound vibration response sub-model;

[0014] S2, testing the vibration and noise data of the vibration reduction and isolation system in operation based on the sound vibration source sub-model;

[0015] S3, obtaining the sound vibration response and transfer function of each subsystem based on the sound vibration response sub-model;

[0016] S4, obtaining the vibration isolation amount, impedance and vibration intensity of the system based on the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module to quickly evaluate the vibration reduction and isolation effect of the system;

[0017] S5, calculating the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions based on the ship sound vibration evaluation module through the sound vibration transfer function;

[0018] S6, completing the evaluation of the vibration response at the test position, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design based on the ship test database and the energy superposition principle.

[0019] Preferably, in the step S1, the sound vibration source sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system is constructed based on the equipment base, isolator and raft of the vibration reduction and isolation system; and the sound vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system.

[0020] Preferably, in the step S2, the data acquisition and analysis module is connected to and controls data acquisition hardware, including acceleration sensors, microphones, etc., to obtain the vibration, noise response in the vibration isolation system.

[0021] Preferably, in the step S3, the transfer functions of each substructure in the vibration isolation system are obtained by using a test method, a finite element analysis method, and a theoretical calculation method, respectively.

[0022] Preferably, in the step S5, the vibration response of the subsystem, the cabin noise, and the underwater radiated noise under different working conditions are calculated based on the invariance principle of the linear system transfer function.

[0023] Preferably, in the step S6, the vibration response, the cabin noise, and the underwater radiated noise at the evaluation position under the current working condition and the vibration isolation design are evaluated based on the real ship test database and the energy superposition principle.

[0024] The present application discloses the following technical effects:

[0025] (1) The present application takes the ship mechanical equipment as a vibration and noise source, obtains the vibration and noise response in the system through real ship data acquisition, quickly evaluates the vibration isolation performance of the system based on the system vibration isolation characteristic related index parameters (vibration isolation amount, base impedance, vibration intensity, etc.), calculates the vibration and noise response of the vibration isolation system under different working conditions based on the invariance principle of the linear system transfer function, and quickly and accurately evaluates the vibration response, the cabin noise, and the underwater radiated noise at the typical evaluation position under the current working condition and the vibration isolation design based on the real ship test database and the energy superposition principle, which has wide applicability and a simple implementation process.

[0026] (2) In the present application, the vibration response, the cabin noise, and the underwater radiated noise at the typical evaluation position of the real ship are obtained by comprehensively using the test method, the finite element analysis method, and the theoretical calculation method, which saves a large amount of work compared to the method of only using the test method, is simple to implement compared to the finite element calculation, and does not require solving complex coupled equations compared to the theoretical analysis, while ensuring the rapidity and accuracy of the evaluation results.

[0027] (3) In the present application, when the state of the ship vibration isolation system changes (such as equipment maintenance or replacement of the vibration isolator), the complex finite element model and a large amount of real ship test work are not needed, only the source characteristic parameters of the vibration isolation system need to be tested, and the acoustic index accessibility is re-evaluated based on the invariance principle of the transfer function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only represent some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a portable real-ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 A working schematic diagram of each module of a real-ship vibration and noise test and evaluation device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 A flowchart of a real-ship vibration and noise test and evaluation method of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a vibration and noise test and evaluation theoretical model of a vibration and noise reduction system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a real-ship vibration and noise test and evaluation device of a vibration and noise reduction system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 A principle of a multi-source excitation real-ship vibration and noise characteristic rapid prediction in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 7 A real-ship vibration and noise characteristic rapid prediction model of a vibration and noise reduction system in an embodiment of the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort fall within the scope of the present application.

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, Figure 1 2 The present application provides a real-ship vibration and noise test and evaluation device of a vibration and noise reduction system, which comprises a real-ship model construction module, a data acquisition and analysis module, a vibration and noise reduction characteristic evaluation module, a database module and a real-ship vibration and noise evaluation module.

[0039] ​The model construction module is configured to construct a real ship vibration and noise model of a vibration isolation system; the real ship vibration and noise model of the vibration isolation system comprises a vibration and noise source sub-model of the vibration isolation system and a vibration and noise response sub-model;

[0040] The data acquisition and analysis module is configured to acquire vibration and noise responses and transfer functions of the vibration isolation system based on the vibration and noise source sub-model and the vibration and noise response sub-model of the vibration isolation system;

[0041] The vibration isolation characteristic evaluation module is configured to acquire isolation amounts, base impedances and vibration intensities by performing rapid calculation on system vibration isolation characteristic related index parameters based on the vibration and noise responses of the vibration isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module, and to evaluate the vibration isolation characteristics of the system.

[0042] The database module is configured to save vibration and noise source characteristics, vibration isolation characteristics, vibration and noise transfer functions and real ship evaluation models of multi-source vibration isolation systems under different working conditions based on the vibration and noise responses and transfer functions of the vibration isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module.

[0043] The real ship vibration and noise evaluation module is configured to evaluate position vibration responses, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise based on the database module and the energy superposition principle under the current working condition and the vibration isolation design.

[0044] Referring to Figure 3 The embodiment provides a real ship vibration and noise test and evaluation method of a vibration isolation system, which comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1, constructing a real ship vibration isolation system model based on each sub-structure of the vibration isolation system;

[0046] The real ship vibration isolation system model comprises a vibration and noise source sub-model of the vibration isolation system and a vibration and noise response sub-model; the vibration and noise source sub-model of the vibration isolation system is constructed based on equipment bases, isolators and raft supports in the vibration isolation system; the vibration and noise response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration isolation system, such as pipeline systems, decks and bulkheads; the vibration isolation system is used as a vibration and noise source, and isolation amounts, impedances and vibration intensities are used to measure the vibration isolation performance of the system, and impedances and transfer functions are used to describe the vibration and noise transfer characteristics of the structure, so as to achieve the purpose of establishing a simplified model of the vibration isolation system.

[0047] S2, testing vibration and noise data of the vibration isolation system during operation based on the vibration and noise source sub-model;

[0048] In the embodiment, the vibration and noise data are measured according to GJB 4058-2000 "Ship Equipment Noise and Vibration Measurement Method".

[0049] S3, acquiring vibration and noise responses and transfer functions of each subsystem based on the vibration and noise response sub-model.

[0050] S4, obtain the system vibration isolation amount, impedance, vibration intensity, etc. based on the vibration isolation characteristic evaluation module, and quickly evaluate the vibration isolation effect of the system;

[0051] The theoretical model structure of the sound and vibration characteristic test and evaluation of the vibration isolation system in the embodiment of the application is shown in Figure 4 The vibration acceleration sensors are arranged on the equipment feet, the vibration isolation device and the equipment base to test the vibration response of the system, the sound pressure response of the system is tested by arranging the sound receivers near the equipment, the user obtains the measured data through the data acquisition system, and the vibration isolation performance of the system is evaluated based on the measured data, including the transfer function, impedance, vibration intensity, vibration isolation amount and radiation noise, etc., wherein,

[0052] (1) The transfer function is expressed as:

[0053] H i =A i (w) / F i (w)

[0054] In the formula, H i is the transfer function; A i (w) is the vibration acceleration of the base; and F i (w) is the excitation force corresponding to the frequency.

[0055] (2) The impedance is expressed as:

[0056] Z i =F i (w) / A i (w)

[0057] In the formula, Z i is the impedance; A i (w) is the vibration acceleration of the base; and F i (w) is the excitation force corresponding to the frequency.

[0058] (3) The vibration intensity

[0059] According to the ISO2372 standard, the equipment operation level is divided into 4 levels according to the effective value of the vibration velocity, A level: good, B level: allowable, C level: tolerable, and D level: not allowed.

[0060] (4) The system vibration isolation amount

[0061] The vibration isolation amount is used to calculate the vibration isolation performance of the vibration isolation element, and the evaluation work is completed by measuring and analyzing the vibration acceleration responses of the feet and the base. The system vibration isolation amount can be obtained by the following formula:

[0062] Δ=L a机脚 -L a基座

[0063] wherein Δ represents the isolation amount, L a机脚 represents the vibration acceleration level at the equipment feet; L a基座 represents the vibration acceleration level at the equipment base, wherein the vibration acceleration level is obtained by energy averaging of a plurality of measuring points, and the specific expression is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] wherein L i represents the vibration acceleration level of the i-th measuring point.

[0066] (5) Radiated noise

[0067] The radiated noise of the vibration isolation system is usually evaluated based on the sound pressure level of the measuring point, and the expression of the sound pressure level is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] wherein p is the test sound pressure, p0 represents the reference sound pressure value, which is 2x10 -5 Pa in air and 1x10 - 6 Pa in water.

[0070] The expression of the sound source level is as follows:

[0071] SL = L p + 20lg(d)

[0072] wherein d is the distance from the sound pressure measuring point to the structure.

[0073] S5, based on the real ship sound vibration evaluation module, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions are calculated through the sound vibration transfer function;

[0074] As shown in Figure 5 , in the embodiment, six vibration acceleration sensors are arranged for the vibration response of the vibration isolation system, and the test results are (a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6); two microphones are arranged for the cabin noise, and the test results are (p1, p2); wherein the acceleration sensors 1-4 are arranged diagonally at the equipment feet and the base, and according to step S4, the vibration isolation amount of the vibration isolation system can be obtained through the sensors 1-4.

[0075]

[0076] wherein is the average value of the vibration acceleration levels of the feet 1 and 3, is the average value of the vibration acceleration levels of the base 2 and the base 4.

[0077] Acceleration sensors 5, 6, microphones 1, 2 are two cabin vibration response and cabin noise test positions respectively, the vibration acceleration sensor 2 (base measuring point) is the system transfer function input, and each vibration response and cabin noise transfer function is represented as:

[0078]

[0079] Wherein the subscript zd represents the vibration transfer function, and zs represents the noise transfer function.

[0080] When the state of the ship vibration isolation system changes (speed or power changes, equipment maintenance, replacement of isolators, etc.), the source characteristic parameters (base input load) usually change, the embodiment does not need to recalculate the vibration response of the test point according to the finite element model or carry out a large number of real ship tests, only needs to test the base vibration acceleration of the vibration isolation system, based on the transfer function invariance principle, the vibration and acoustic indicators are re-evaluated, when the state of the vibration isolation system changes, the base vibration acceleration is a'2, and the corresponding test point vibration response and sound pressure are:

[0081]

[0082] S6, based on the real ship test database and the energy superposition principle, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise of the test position under the current working condition and the vibration isolation design are evaluated.

[0083] Figure 6 For the rapid prediction principle of the sound and vibration characteristics of the real ship under multi-source excitation, in short, based on the real ship vibration isolation system model established in steps S1-S4, the system sound and vibration characteristic database is called, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise of the real ship under single source excitation are obtained based on step S5, the multi-source equipment under actual working condition is considered, and the sound and vibration characteristics of the ship under multi-source excitation are evaluated based on the energy superposition principle.

[0084] Figure 7 For the rapid prediction model of the sound and vibration characteristics of the real ship vibration isolation system in the embodiment, the multi-source excitation equipment (n systems) is considered, and the sound and vibration response of each single source excitation is:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, A i represents the vibration response of the i-th source excitation equipment, H zdi represents the vibration response of the i-th source excitation equipment, H kqi represents the vibration response of the i-th source excitation equipment, H sxi represents the vibration response of the i-th source excitation equipment to each test point, A zdi represents the vibration response of the i-th source excitation equipment to each test point, A kqi represents the vibration response of the i-th source excitation equipment to each test point, A sxiLet i represent the structural vibration response, cabin noise, and underwater radiated noise caused by the i-th source excitation device.

[0087] For the structural acoustic and vibration response caused by multi-source excitation devices, after obtaining the structural acoustic and vibration response under single-source excitation, the overall structural acoustic and vibration response is obtained based on the principle of energy superposition, as shown in the following formula:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula, LT i LQ represents the response level (acceleration level / sound pressure level) from the i-th source excitation device to each test point, and LQ represents the total vibration response, cabin air noise, and underwater radiated noise caused by the n source excitation devices. The vibration and noise test and evaluation of the actual ship vibration reduction and isolation system are completed.

[0090] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable method for rapid testing and evaluation of mechanical noise on a real ship, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Based on the substructures of the vibration reduction and isolation system, construct a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model. The real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model includes a vibration source sub-model and a vibration response sub-model. S2. Based on the acoustic source sub-model, test the vibration and noise data of the vibration reduction and isolation system during operation; S3. Based on the acoustic and vibration response sub-model, obtain the acoustic and vibration response and transfer function of each subsystem respectively; S4. Based on the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, obtain the system's vibration isolation amount, impedance, and vibration intensity to quickly evaluate the system's vibration reduction and isolation effect; S5. Based on the actual ship acoustic and vibration assessment module, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions are calculated by using the acoustic and vibration transfer function. Six vibration acceleration sensors (1-6) were used to test the vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system. The test results are as follows: Two microphones, 1-2, were used to measure the cabin noise. The sound pressure test results were as follows: Vibration acceleration sensors 1 and 3 are diagonally arranged on the equipment feet, and vibration acceleration sensors 2 and 4 are diagonally arranged on the equipment base. According to step S4, the vibration isolation amount of the vibration reduction and isolation system can be obtained through vibration acceleration sensors 1-4. ; In the formula, The average value of the vibration acceleration levels of vibration acceleration sensors 1 and 3 installed on the machine feet. The average vibration acceleration level of vibration acceleration sensor 2 and vibration acceleration sensor 4 installed on the equipment base; Vibration acceleration sensors 5 and 6, and microphones 1 and 2 are located at the vibration response positions and noise assessment positions of the two compartments, respectively. Using vibration acceleration sensor 2 located at the base measuring point as the system transfer function input, the vibration responses and compartment noise transfer functions are expressed as follows: ; Where H represents the transfer function, the subscript zd represents the vibration transfer function, and zs represents the noise transfer function. Indicates frequency, When the state of a ship's vibration reduction and isolation system changes, only the vibration acceleration of the system's base needs to be tested. Based on the principle of transfer function invariance, the attainability of its vibration and acoustic properties is reassessed. The base vibration acceleration when the state of the vibration reduction and isolation system changes is... The vibration response and sound pressure at the corresponding assessment point are: ; S6. Based on the actual ship test database and the principle of energy superposition, to complete the assessment of vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise at the test location under the current working conditions and vibration reduction and isolation design.

2. The portable rapid testing and evaluation method for shipboard mechanical noise according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the data acquisition and analysis module connects to and controls the data acquisition hardware to obtain the vibration and noise response in the vibration reduction and isolation system.

3. The portable rapid testing and evaluation method for shipboard mechanical noise according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the transfer functions of each substructure in the vibration reduction and isolation system are obtained by experimental testing, finite element analysis, and theoretical calculation.

4. The portable rapid testing and evaluation method for shipboard mechanical noise according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, the vibration response, cabin noise, and underwater radiated noise of the subsystem under different operating conditions are calculated based on the principle of invariance of the transfer function of a linear system.

5. The portable rapid testing and evaluation method for shipboard mechanical noise according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S6, based on the actual ship test database and the principle of energy superposition, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise at the test location are evaluated under the current working conditions and vibration reduction and isolation design.

6. A portable rapid testing and evaluation device for shipboard mechanical noise, used to implement the portable rapid testing and evaluation method for shipboard mechanical noise as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes a real ship model construction module, a data acquisition and analysis module, a vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, a database module, and a real ship acoustic and vibration evaluation module; The actual ship model construction module is used to construct a vibration and noise model of the actual ship vibration reduction and isolation system. The vibration and noise model of the actual ship vibration reduction and isolation system includes a sound vibration source sub-model and a sound vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system. The data acquisition and analysis module, based on the acoustic vibration source sub-model and acoustic vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system, is used to obtain the acoustic vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system. The vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module rapidly calculates the relevant index parameters of the vibration reduction and isolation system based on the acoustic and vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system obtained by the data acquisition and analysis module. This is used to obtain the vibration isolation amount, base impedance, and vibration intensity, and to evaluate the vibration reduction and isolation characteristics of the system. The database module stores the vibration and noise source characteristics, vibration reduction and isolation characteristics, acoustic and vibration transfer functions, and actual ship evaluation model information of the multi-source vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions, based on the acoustic and vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system obtained by the data acquisition and analysis module. The actual ship acoustic and vibration assessment module is built based on the database module and the principle of energy superposition. It is used to complete the assessment of position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiated noise under the current operating conditions and vibration reduction and isolation design.

7. The portable rapid testing and evaluation device for shipboard mechanical noise according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data acquisition and analysis module connects to and controls the data acquisition hardware, including a vibration acceleration sensor and a microphone, to obtain the vibration and noise response in the vibration reduction and isolation system.

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