Low-power device and precise positioning system for intelligently collecting wearer's vital signs and behavioral data

Abstract

The present invention discloses a low-power device and precise positioning system for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data. The device includes a low-power processor and peripheral components coupled to the low-power processor, the peripheral components including a sensor, a UWB module, and a battery. The battery is used to provide power to the device. The sensor is used to collect the wearer's status information. The low-power processor is used to drive all peripheral components, obtain sensor data according to a set frequency, and transmit the sensor data to the UWB module. The UWB module is used to locate the wearer, send a UWB positioning message, and when there is sensor data that needs to be uploaded, the sensor data is carried in the UWB positioning message and sent. The low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data provided by the present invention has the characteristics of low power consumption and long battery life, and can better meet the application requirements in specific scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of supervision of relevant personnel in a specific area, and specifically to a low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data, and also to a precise positioning system. Background Art

[0002] Key areas of informatization in specific areas include locating, tracking, and analyzing the behavior of individuals within those areas. To achieve these functions, various manufacturers have launched solutions that generally include components such as tamper-resistant positioning bracelets, positioning base stations, and backend management systems. The tamper-resistant positioning bracelets exchange positioning data with the base stations, which then upload this data to the backend management system, which calculates the bracelet's current location. Some positioning bracelets can also collect information about human movement patterns or vital signs (such as pedometers, acceleration, and heart rate). This data is transmitted wirelessly to the base stations, which then transmit it to the backend management system for recording and analysis of the wearer's behavioral and physiological characteristics.

[0003] Due to the unique nature of specific areas, charging the anti-tampering positioning bracelets is inconvenient for personnel. Management personnel must remove and recharge them each time, which is a significant workload. Therefore, the battery life of the anti-tampering positioning bracelets in the entire positioning solution must be high, requiring at least one month of battery life on a single charge, and the longer the better. Furthermore, positioning within a specific area must accurately distinguish between rooms, corridors, and hallways, and must not occur across floors, rooms, or other areas. This places high demands on positioning accuracy, requiring an error of ≤0.5m.

[0004] Currently, different manufacturers use different indoor positioning technologies. Common ones include RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) positioning technology, Bluetooth AOA (Angle of Arrival) / AOD (Angle of Departure) positioning algorithm positioning technology, and UWB (Ultra Wideband) positioning technology. RFID positioning has poor accuracy and a small coverage range for a single base station, and is currently less widely used. Bluetooth AOA / AOD positioning technology is susceptible to interference and has a small positioning coverage range because it operates in the 2.4G frequency band. It is also not well suited for scenarios in specific areas such as rooms, corridors, workshops, and playgrounds. The multi-base station positioning promoted by UWB can cover all scenarios in specific areas such as playgrounds, corridors, and rooms, and is currently widely used. However, existing positioning solutions generally suffer from the problem of high power consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] On one hand, the present invention provides a low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data, so as to reduce the power consumption of the collection device and increase the battery life.

[0006] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a precise positioning system, which can reduce the number of single base stations in a room and achieve high-precision positioning, tracking and behavior collection and analysis of relevant personnel in a specific area.

[0007] The present invention provides a low-power device for intelligently collecting vital signs and behavioral data of a wearer, the device comprising: a low-power processor, and peripheral components coupled to the low-power processor, the peripheral components comprising: a sensor, a UWB module, and a battery;

[0008] The battery is used to provide power to the low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data;

[0009] The sensor is used to collect status information of the wearer;

[0010] The low-power processor is used to drive all peripheral components, obtain sensor data at a set frequency, and transmit the sensor data to the UWB module;

[0011] The UWB module is used to send a UWB positioning message, and when there is sensor data that needs to be uploaded, the sensor data is carried in the UWB positioning message and sent.

[0012] Optionally, the length of the UWB positioning message not carrying the sensor data and the length of the UWB positioning message carrying the sensor data are different.

[0013] Optionally, the UWB positioning message that does not carry sensor data includes the following fields: frame control character, tag ID, sequence number, and check value; the UWB positioning message that carries sensor data includes the following fields: frame control character, tag ID, sequence number, payload length, payload type, payload data, and check value.

[0014] Optionally, the low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data further includes: a charging module for charging the battery.

[0015] Optionally, the low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data further includes: a display module for displaying any one or more of the following information: device number, power level, and sensor data.

[0016] Optionally, the device is provided on a wristband or anklet; the wristband or anklet has an anti-disassembly fixing belt, and an electronic lock device is provided on the anti-disassembly fixing belt;

[0017] The electronic lock device is used to alarm and upload alarm information when the fixing belt is cut or the lock buckle is opened after the device is worn and locked.

[0018] The present invention also provides a precise positioning system, comprising: a first subsystem disposed in a large open space, a second subsystem disposed in a small room, and positioning platforms coupled to the first subsystem and the second subsystem, respectively; the first subsystem comprises a first base station; the second subsystem comprises a base station data processing module, and three second base stations disposed at different locations and respectively coupled to the base station data processing modules;

[0019] The first base station and the second base station respectively receive UWB positioning messages sent by the low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data as described above;

[0020] The first base station is configured to perform positioning using an MPDOA algorithm according to the UWB positioning message, obtain first positioning data, and send the first positioning data to the positioning platform;

[0021] The second base station is configured to perform positioning using a TDOA algorithm according to the UWB positioning message, obtain second positioning data, and send the second positioning data to the base station data processing module;

[0022] The base station data processing module is configured to obtain the second positioning data generated by the same UWB positioning message from three second base stations, and send the second positioning data to the positioning platform;

[0023] The positioning platform is used to determine the position of the tag according to the first positioning data and the second positioning data.

[0024] Optionally, the second base station includes: a PDOA module, the PDOA module including: a processor, a first UWB receiver and a first antenna coupled to the first UWB receiver, a second UWB receiver and a second antenna coupled to the first UWB receiver; the first UWB receiver and the second UWB receiver share the same clock source, and the wiring length from the clock source to the two chips is the same; the processor is connected to the first UWB receiver and the second UWB receiver via an SPI bus;

[0025] The first UWB receiver is configured to receive a UWB positioning message through the first antenna and determine a first phase when the UWB positioning message arrives;

[0026] The second UWB receiver is configured to receive a UWB positioning message through the second antenna and determine a second phase when the UWB positioning message arrives;

[0027] The processor is configured to calculate a phase difference between the tag and the two antennas based on the first phase and the second phase, and generate the second positioning data, where the second positioning data includes: a tag ID, a positioning message sequence number, and a phase difference;

[0028] The positioning platform calculates three curved surfaces based on the second positioning data and the coordinates of the antenna in each second base station, and intersects the three curved surfaces to calculate the coordinate value of the tag when sending the UWB positioning message.

[0029] Optionally, the processor of the PDOA module of one of the three base stations is further configured to read the UWB positioning message from the first UWB receiver or the second UWB receiver, and send the UWB positioning message to the base station data processing module;

[0030] The base station data processing module is further configured to detect the UWB positioning message, obtain the payload data in the UWB positioning message, and package the payload data and send it to the positioning platform;

[0031] The positioning platform is also used to parse and process the load data.

[0032] Optionally, the base station data processing module has an Ethernet data transmission interface, and the Ethernet data transmission interface is provided with a POE power supply module for supplying power to the second base station.

[0033] The low-power device provided by the present invention for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data uses a low-power processor to obtain the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data collected by sensors at a set frequency, locates the wearer through a UWB module, sends a UWB positioning message, and when the low-power processor has sensor data that needs to be uploaded, it carries the sensor data in the UWB positioning message and sends it. In the scheme of the present invention, the low-power processor enters the working mode according to the set collection frequency and enters the sleep mode after completing the work, thereby effectively saving power consumption. In addition, compressing the sensor data into the UWB positioning message that is currently being sent or is to be sent next for uploading can greatly reduce the power consumption of data transmission. The intelligent collection device provided by the present invention has the characteristics of low power consumption and long battery life, and can better meet the application requirements in specific scenarios.

[0034] Furthermore, the lengths of a UWB positioning message without sensor data and a UWB positioning message carrying sensor data are different, which facilitates uploading of positioning messages and sensor data.

[0035] Furthermore, by setting up a variety of sensors with different functions, not only can the wearer's various physiological parameters be fully collected, but also the status information of the device itself can be collected to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the wearer.

[0036] The precise positioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention deploys different positioning subsystems for different environments. Different subsystems adopt different positioning methods. The first subsystem is deployed in a small room and adopts the MPDOA (Multiple Phase Difference of Arrival) algorithm for positioning. The second subsystem is deployed in a large room and adopts the TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) algorithm for positioning. This can be adapted to local conditions, meeting the positioning requirements of different regional characteristics and greatly saving hardware costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram comparing the traditional method of uploading positioning messages and wristband data with the method of uploading positioning messages in the solution of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a UWB positioning message without sensor data and a UWB positioning message with sensor data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 Another structural diagram of a low-power device for intelligently collecting wearer's vital signs and behavior data provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of an algorithm for intelligently adjusting the positioning frequency according to the motion state in a low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the network of the precise positioning system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a structural diagram of the second subsystem in the precise positioning system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation methods.

[0045] UWB (Ultra Wideband) is a carrier-free communication technology that uses nanosecond to microsecond non-sinusoidal narrow pulses to transmit data, sending extremely low-power signals across a wide spectrum. UWB positioning technology has relatively high positioning accuracy, reaching within 30cm in LOS (line of sight) conditions. UWB positioning technology is relatively stable. From a radio frequency mechanism perspective, the pulse waves emitted by UWB have stronger anti-interference capabilities than continuous electromagnetic waves. UWB operates in the 3GHz-10GHz frequency band, and compared to wireless positioning technologies in the 2.4G frequency band, it is subject to much less external interference signals.

[0046] Traditional UWB positioning requires the establishment of multiple base stations to achieve two-dimensional positioning, and usually four positioning base stations are required to achieve high-precision positioning. To derive the coordinates of the tag / positioning bracelet from multiple base stations with known locations, there are two commonly used positioning algorithms: TDOA positioning algorithm and TOA (Time of Arrival) positioning algorithm. The TDOA positioning method is also called hyperbolic positioning. Its principle is to measure the difference in the propagation time of the UWB signal from the UWB tag to multiple UWB base stations, and obtain the fixed distance difference between the UWB tag and multiple UWB base stations, thereby calculating the coordinates of the tag. The TDOA algorithm requires clock synchronization between multiple base stations, while the tag only needs to send a UWB positioning broadcast in one direction to achieve positioning, and does not need to receive air interface data. Therefore, the power consumption of the tag for a single positioning is relatively low. The TOA positioning algorithm is implemented by measuring distance through multiple communications between the tag and each UWB base station. During this process, the tag needs to send a UWB message to each base station individually. After sending the message, it needs to open the receiver and listen to the base station's data until the arrival time of the tag and each base station is measured. The distance between the tag and each base station is calculated by multiplying the arrival time by the speed of light, and then the tag's coordinates are calculated. Compared with the TDOA algorithm, the TOA positioning algorithm requires multiple transmission and reception of messages for a single positioning, resulting in much higher power consumption for a single positioning. Therefore, the TDOA algorithm is generally used in low-power application scenarios.

[0047] For large areas like playgrounds, UWB TDOA positioning can be used, using a few base stations to cover a wide range, while also allowing tags to achieve positioning using low power consumption. However, for smaller areas like prison cells, deploying four base stations within a room would make the hardware and wiring costs for accurate positioning within a single room prohibitive. Some manufacturers have proposed using a single Bluetooth AOA base station for positioning within prison cells. However, since people often move around the playground and prison cells, tags need to send both Bluetooth and UWB positioning messages simultaneously, significantly increasing their power consumption.

[0048] In UWB technology, there is also a PDOA (Phase Difference of Arrival) algorithm. The principle of this algorithm is that a single base station has two UWB receivers. These two UWB receivers use the same clock to achieve complete clock synchronization. After the tag sends a positioning message, both UWB receivers will receive the message. At the same time, the two receivers respectively record the arrival phase value when receiving the message. The distance difference between the tag and the two receiver antennas is calculated by the arrival phase difference. The set of all points that meet this difference is a surface. Then, TOF (Time Of Flight) is used to measure the distance between the tag and the two antennas. Since the distance between the two antennas is fixed and the coordinates of the antennas are known, the coordinates of the tag can be calculated by combining these parameters. Although this method realizes the positioning of a single UWB base station, the TOF ranging between the tag and the base station in a single positioning requires multiple transmissions and receptions, resulting in high power consumption of the tag for a single positioning.

[0049] The vital signs data and tag operating data (such as battery level) collected by the tag also need to be transmitted to the background management system via wireless technology. The usual practice is to use another wireless technology, such as ZIGBEE, LORA (Long Range Radio), BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy), WIFI (wireless fidelity), etc., to transmit the data from the tag to the positioning base station, which then relays it to the background management system. The transmission of this data will also increase power consumption, and the introduction of an additional wireless technology also increases hardware costs.

[0050] To this end, in response to the need for high-precision positioning and long-term battery life of anti-tampering bracelets in information scenarios in specific areas, the present invention provides a low-power device that intelligently collects the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data, and also provides a precise positioning system that can realize the positioning, tracking and behavioral collection and analysis of relevant personnel in a specific area. In the scheme of the present invention, using UWB technology, the device of the present invention only needs to send one UWB message to achieve multi-base station TDOA positioning, without turning on the radio frequency module of the acquisition device to receive the response data of the base station, so as to achieve single-base station positioning in a cell or other small room, and the collected motion parameters, proximity switches, heart rate, body temperature, anti-tampering lock status, and power will all be carried in the UWB message, which not only completes the positioning but also realizes the upload of data, thereby achieving low-power positioning and data collection. The device of the present invention can also analyze the posture, action and physiological parameters of the wearer according to the multiple sensors it carries to intelligently adjust the positioning frequency, further significantly reducing the average power consumption of the acquisition device and increasing the battery life.

[0051] like Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data provided by the present invention.

[0052] The low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data in this embodiment includes: a low-power processor 100, and peripheral components coupled to the low-power processor 100, the peripheral components including: a sensor 101, a UWB module 102, and a battery 103.

[0053] The battery 103 is used to provide power to the device, and can be, for example, a lithium battery;

[0054] The sensor 101 is used to collect the wearer's status information;

[0055] The low-power processor 100 is used to drive all peripheral components, obtain sensor data at a set frequency, and transmit the sensor data to the UWB module;

[0056] The UWB module 102 is used to send a UWB positioning message, and when there is sensor data that needs to be uploaded, the sensor data is carried in the UWB positioning message and sent.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present invention, the low-power processor 100 regularly collects sensor data and regularly wakes up the UWB module 102 to send positioning messages. The UWB module 102 can also be in sleep mode when not sending UWB positioning messages. In this sleep mode, the UWB module 102 only consumes approximately 3uA of current. Therefore, after the UWB positioning message is sent, the module can also be set to sleep mode to reduce power consumption. When the wristband wearer is in motion, a 2Hz positioning frequency can generally be used (i.e., two positionings per second; in the present invention, only one UWB positioning message is sent for each positioning), which can achieve better real-time and continuity. However, personnel in specific areas spend less time on the move during the day, spending most of their time in the prison cell or in the labor workshop. Only during exercise or before bedtime does their range of movement increase slightly. Therefore, if the wearer's behavior can be intelligently identified, the UWB positioning message transmission frequency can be increased when moving and minimized when not moving, the device's power consumption can be greatly reduced.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present invention, the low-power processor 100 enters the working mode according to the set acquisition frequency, and enters the sleep mode after completing the work, thereby effectively saving power consumption.

[0059] Traditionally, wristbands collect heart rate, body temperature, and other data that must be uploaded via data channels other than UWB, such as Zigbee, Bluetooth, and LoRa. However, this invention compresses data on data channels other than UWB positioning data into UWB channel positioning frames, significantly reducing power consumption for data transmission.

[0060] Figure 2 A schematic diagram comparing the traditional positioning message and wristband data uploading method with the positioning message uploading method in the solution of the present invention is shown.

[0061] Traditionally, sensor data collected by wristbands is uploaded via data channels based on other wireless technologies besides UWB, such as Zigbee, Bluetooth, and LoRa, while positioning data is uploaded via the UWB channel. The present invention compresses data from non-UWB channels into the UWB channel positioning frame, significantly reducing power consumption during data transmission.

[0062] It should be noted that, in the solution of the present invention, the lengths of the UWB positioning message without carrying sensor data and the lengths of the UWB positioning message carrying sensor data are different. Figure 3 Figure 2 shows the structure of a UWB positioning message without sensor data and a UWB positioning message with sensor data, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The upper message is a UWB positioning message without sensor data, while the lower message is a UWB positioning message with sensor data. For comparison, dashed lines indicate the common fields between the two.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, a UWB positioning message that does not carry sensor data includes the following fields: frame control character, tag ID, sequence number, and check value; a UWB positioning message that carries sensor data includes the following fields: frame control character, tag ID, sequence number, payload length, payload type, payload data, and check value.

[0064] The above-mentioned load information may vary according to the type and amount of data actually collected. Therefore, the load area in the message can be set to a non-fixed length, that is, the length of the load area is variable. The variable-length data load area can carry sensor data such as heart rate, body temperature, acceleration, step counting, or wristband data such as power. When there is no need to upload sensor data, the device of the present invention only sends a positioning message of the shortest length, thereby reducing the single transmission time and reducing the power consumed by sending a single positioning message. When there is data to be carried, a load area field is added to the positioning message to achieve piggyback upload of data. Compared with the method of uploading sensor data separately through other wireless technologies, the piggyback upload method provided by the present invention also reduces the functional modules of the tag and reduces power consumption.

[0065] It should be noted that, in actual application, the low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data provided by the present invention can be set on a wristband or anklet, and the wristband or anklet has an anti-disassembly fixing strap to fix the wristband or anklet.

[0066] Furthermore, an electronic lock device may be provided on the anti-disassembly fixing belt, which is used to generate an alarm and upload an alarm message when the fixing belt is cut or the lock is opened after the device is worn and locked. In actual application, a variety of different sensors can be set to collect corresponding data according to the data type and characteristics to be collected, such as Figure 4 In another embodiment of the low-power device for intelligently collecting vital signs and behavioral data of the wearer of the present invention, the sensor 101 may include but is not limited to any one of the following: a motion sensor, a heart rate sensor, a body temperature sensor, a proximity sensor, etc.

[0067] Among them, the motion sensor is used to detect the acceleration (acceleration of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis) and angular velocity of the bracelet, and determine the wearer's behavioral parameters based on the acceleration and angular velocity; the behavioral parameters include but are not limited to any one or more of the following: number of steps, wrist turning, wrist raising, sleep, free fall and other behavioral parameters; in actual applications, after obtaining these behavioral parameters, the low-power processor 100 can be awakened by interruption. The motion sensor has low power consumption and generally consumes only 30uA of current during normal operation. Therefore, the motion sensor can be always on and continuously track the motion status. Reducing the positioning frequency of the UWB module 102 according to the motion status can reduce more power consumption. The algorithm for intelligently adjusting the positioning frequency is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it mainly includes the following processes:

[0068] 1) Query the acceleration values ​​on the X, Y, and Z axes Ax, Ay, and Az and the total number of steps for the day S once per second, calculate the square sum of the acceleration of the three axes Aa2 = Ax*Ax+AyAy+AyAy, and save Aa2 and S to a circular queue containing 60 elements, where 60 elements equal 60 seconds (1 minute).

[0069] 2) Positioning frequency: Set a fast frequency value F_fast and a slow positioning frequency value F_slow. F_fast and F_slow can be converted into positioning intervals: T_fast = 1 / F_fast and T_slow = 1 / F_slow. If F_fast = 2, then T_fast = 500ms; if F_slow = 0.2, then T_slow = 5000ms. T_fast and T_slow are divided into 10 levels (including T_fast and T_slow). The difference in positioning interval between each level is T_v = (T_slow - T_fast) / 9. T_fast is defined as T1, T_slow as T10, and the remaining values ​​of T2-T9 are Tn = T1 + (n-1) * T_v.

[0070] 3) If the number of steps collected per second changes compared to one minute ago, the positioning cycle will use T_fast, that is, the highest frequency positioning.

[0071] 4) When the motion sensor triggers free fall, which may cause a fall or a tumble, the fast positioning cycle will be immediately switched to T1.

[0072] 5) When the collected heart rate value is greater than 100, the bracelet is triggered to immediately switch to the fast positioning cycle T1.

[0073] 6) When the anti-tamper fixing belt generates a fixing belt damage alarm or an electronic lock unlocking alarm, the wristband will be triggered to immediately switch to the fast positioning cycle T1.

[0074] 7) If the number of steps collected per second has not changed from the previous minute, the fluctuation of the current acceleration square sum Aa2 within 1 minute is analyzed. If the fluctuation value within 1 minute is less than the fluctuation threshold percentage (for example, 5%, this value is configurable), the current positioning cycle is increased by one level. For example, if the wearer has been active before, the T1 positioning cycle is used. When the wearer starts to rest, the level is reduced to T2 after 1 minute. If the wearer remains motionless for 10 minutes, it will gradually adjust to T10, that is, it will be reduced to the slowest positioning cycle after 10 minutes. As long as the change in the current acceleration square sum Aa2 compared to 1 minute ago is greater than the fluctuation threshold percentage, but the number of steps has not increased, the positioning cycle will directly operate in T2, the second fastest positioning cycle.

[0075] 8) When the heart rate, body temperature, and proximity switch measurements are completed, a positioning operation is triggered immediately. The UWB positioning message will carry the measurement results and some general wristband operation data. Positioning will then continue according to the current positioning cycle, and the positioning message will continue to carry this data. Although the data is repeated, the message format contains a serial number value for this data, which is used by the server to distinguish whether the data is repeated. The data serial number value will not be updated until the next data update.

[0076] Continue to refer to Figure 4 The heart rate sensor measures the wearer's heart rate and can be an optical heart rate sensor. The body temperature sensor measures the wearer's wrist temperature. The proximity sensor, located at the bottom of the wristband housing, determines the wristband's status. Specifically, it can be used in conjunction with other sensors to determine whether the wristband is being worn or removed.

[0077] When the heart rate, body temperature, and proximity switch measurements are completed, a positioning is triggered immediately. The UWB positioning message carries the measurement results and some general wristband operation data. Positioning is then continued according to the current positioning cycle, and the positioning message continues to carry this data. Although the data is repeated, the message format contains a sequence number value for this data, which is used by the server to distinguish whether it is repeated. After the same positioning message carrying sensor data is sent 10 times, if there is no new data, it switches to the shortest positioning message.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, the low-power processor 100 can operate in an operating mode and a sleep mode. The low-power processor 100 is in a sleep state most of the time, during which the current is extremely low. It will be awakened periodically based on the configured positioning frequency, heart rate acquisition frequency, body temperature acquisition frequency, proximity switch acquisition frequency, and motion state acquisition frequency adjusted by the dynamic algorithm. After being awakened, the low-power processor 100 works for a very short time (<1ms) and then goes back to sleep. The shorter the operating time and the longer the sleep time, the lower the average power consumption.

[0079] like Figure 4 As shown, in a non-limiting embodiment of the low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data of the present invention, it may further include any one or more of the following modules:

[0080] The charging module 104 is configured to charge the battery.

[0081] The anti-disassembly fixing belt 105 may also be provided with an electronic locking device (not shown), which is used to alarm and upload alarm information when the fixing belt is cut or the lock is opened after the bracelet or anklet is worn and locked.

[0082] The display module 106 is used to display any one or more of the following information: device number, power level, and sensor data.

[0083] In an embodiment of the present invention, the display module 106 can operate in a normal display mode and a controlled display mode. Before the bracelet or anklet is worn, it is in a normal display mode. In this mode, the screen can be turned on and off and the menu can be switched by touching the buttons. After the bracelet or anklet is worn, the display module 106 can be switched to a controlled display mode in the display control menu. In the controlled display mode, the bracelet or anklet cannot turn the screen on or off by pressing the buttons. Only when the administrator connects the bracelet or anklet with a charging cable (for safety reasons, the charging cable is not accessible to relevant personnel and only the management personnel has it) can the screen be operated by touching the buttons. After removing the charging cable, the display returns to the controlled display mode.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, the low-power processing module 100 can control the power on / off of the display module 106 through a separate LDO (low dropout regulator), and completely shut down the power supply of the display module 106 when the screen is off. At this time, the current consumption of the display module 106 is less than 1uA, which is significantly reduced compared to the sleep current of 50uA when the display module 106 is off.

[0085] Similarly, the low-power processing module 100 can also control the power on / off of the heart rate sensor through a separate LDO, shutting down the power supply to the heart rate sensor when heart rate parameter collection is not needed. The heart rate sensor is powered on only when heart rate collection is needed, and is immediately shut down after the heart rate parameter collection is completed, thereby reducing the current consumption of the heart rate sensor after the collection is completed.

[0086] Similarly, the low-power processing module 100 uses a separate LDO to control the power on and off of the temperature sensor, shutting down the power supply to the temperature sensor when temperature collection is not required. The temperature sensor is powered on only when temperature collection is required and shut down immediately after temperature collection is complete, thereby reducing the current consumption of the temperature module after temperature collection is complete.

[0087] The present invention provides a low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data. The wristband or anklet is worn on the wrist or ankle of the relevant personnel. Once worn, it locks the electronic lock, which requires a special tool to unlock. If the relevant personnel violently damage the wristband or anklet, the wristband or anklet will generate an alarm and upload the alarm to the management platform. After the wristband or anklet is worn, the administrator will only remove it for charging when the battery level falls below the low voltage threshold. Therefore, the longer the wristband or anklet's battery life, the less often the administrator needs to charge it, which can reduce the administrator's workload.

[0088] In a specific application, the low-power processor can use NRF52832, which is a powerful, highly flexible, ultra-low-power multi-protocol SoC (System on a Chip). The chip has a built-in ARM Cortex-M4 32-bit processor with a floating-point unit, an operating frequency of 64MHz, and supports 32 general-purpose IOs, 3 SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) and 2 I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit) interfaces. In system sleep mode, the current at 3V is only 0.3μA.

[0089] The LSM6DSO is a motion sensor that integrates a 3D accelerometer and a 3D gyroscope. It can measure acceleration and angular velocity, perform step counting analysis, and detect free fall, wake-up, single-click and double-click detection, activity / inactivity recognition, and stationary / moving behaviors. The low-power NRF52832 processor connects to the LSM6DSO via the I2C bus and controls the LDO through the GPIO (General-purpose input / output) interface to power the motion sensor. When the motion sensor is not in use, the LDO can be turned off, completely powering down the sensor.

[0090] The heart rate sensor can use the PAH8011, which measures the wearer's heart rate using photoplethysmography technology. It also supports proximity switch functionality. The low-power NRF52832 processor connects to the heart rate sensor via the I2C bus and controls the LDO through GPIO to power the sensor. When not collecting heart rate or proximity switch values, the LDO can be turned off, completely powering down the heart rate sensor.

[0091] The temperature sensor uses the S-TRS-5.5D, a digital-output differential infrared thermopile sensor that uses infrared light to measure the temperature of the wrist where the bracelet is worn. The low-power NRF52832 processor connects to the temperature sensor via the I2C bus and controls the LDO through GPIO to power the temperature sensor. When not collecting temperature data, the LDO can be turned off, completely powering down the temperature sensor.

[0092] The UWB module utilizes the DW1000 chip and its peripheral circuits. The DW1000 is a fully integrated, low-power RF transceiver that complies with the IEEE 802.15.4-2011 ultra-wideband standard. It can be used for two-way ranging or TDOA positioning systems with an accuracy of 10cm. It utilizes six RF frequency bands, from 3.5GHz to 6.5GHz, supporting data rates of 100kbps, 850kbps, and 6.8Mbps. It can handle multipath environments, making it suitable for use in highly reflective environments.

[0093] The lithium battery can be a 1000mAH lithium polymer soft-pack battery with a nominal voltage of 3.85V and a charge cut-off voltage of 4.4V, making it a high-voltage lithium battery. The charging module chip used is the HM4057, a complete monolithic lithium-ion battery constant-current / constant-voltage linear power management chip. Its SOT (Small Out-Line Transistor) package and minimal external components make it ideal for portable products.

[0094] In an embodiment of the present invention, the device of the present invention can achieve low-power positioning and data collection and upload through various methods, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects: ① Each time the device of the present invention is positioned, it only needs to send a positioning message once to achieve positioning. During the positioning process, the device does not need to turn on the wireless receiving function at all, and only completes the transmission of a wireless message in a very short time (300ua), so that the power used in the positioning process is extremely low; ② The sensor data and power data collected by the device of the present invention are carried in the positioning message and transmitted to the base station, unlike other products that implement a separate wireless channel to transmit data, thereby reducing the complexity of the device and reducing the power consumption of other wireless interfaces; ③ After each positioning data is sent, the low-power processor enters sleep mode and wakes up before the next positioning message is sent, reducing the power consumption of the processor. ④ Based on the collected sensor data, the positioning frequency can be intelligently increased or decreased, that is, the positioning continuity effect is achieved during motion, and the positioning frequency can also be reduced in the disabled state to save power. ⑤ All sensors can be completely shut down by LDO when not in use to avoid current consumption when not in use.

[0095] Accordingly, the present invention also provides a precise positioning system, such as Figure 6 The figure shows a structural diagram of the precise positioning system.

[0096] The precise positioning system includes: a first subsystem 601 arranged in a large open space, a second subsystem 602 arranged in a small room, and a positioning platform 600 coupled to the first subsystem 601 and the second subsystem 602 respectively; the first subsystem 601 includes a first base station 611; the second subsystem 602 includes a base station data processing module 620, and three second base stations 621, 622, and 623 arranged at different positions and coupled to the base station data processing module 620 respectively.

[0097] In this embodiment, the first base station 611 and the three second base stations respectively receive the UWB positioning message sent by the low-power device 300 for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data as described above, parse the UWB positioning message, obtain corresponding positioning data, and transmit the positioning data to the positioning platform 600.

[0098] In this embodiment of the present invention, the first base station 611 and the second base station use different positioning algorithms. Specifically, the first base station 611 is configured to perform positioning using the MPDOA algorithm based on the UWB positioning message, obtain first positioning data, and send the first positioning data to the positioning platform 600. The second base stations 621, 622, and 623 are configured to perform positioning using the TDOA algorithm based on the UWB positioning message, obtain second positioning data, and send the second positioning data to the base station data processing module 620. The base station data processing module 620 obtains the second positioning data generated by the same UWB positioning message from the three second base stations and sends the second positioning data to the positioning platform 600. Accordingly, the positioning platform 600 determines the location of the tag based on the first and second positioning data.

[0099] It should be noted that, in actual applications, one or more first subsystems and second subsystems may be provided according to environmental requirements, and this embodiment of the present invention does not limit this.

[0100] like Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second subsystem in the precise positioning system of the present invention.

[0101] exist Figure 7In the second subsystem shown, the second base station includes: a PDOA module, the PDOA module includes: a processor, a first UWB receiver (i.e., UWB receiver 0 in the figure) and a first antenna coupled to the first UWB receiver (i.e., antenna 0 in the figure), a second UWB receiver (i.e., UWB receiver 1 in the figure) and a second antenna coupled to the first UWB receiver (i.e., antenna 1 in the figure); the first UWB receiver and the second UWB receiver share the same clock source, and the trace length from the clock source to the two chips is the same; the processor is connected to the first UWB receiver and the second UWB receiver via an SPI bus. Wherein:

[0102] The first UWB receiver is configured to receive a UWB positioning message through the first antenna and determine a first phase when the UWB positioning message arrives;

[0103] The second UWB receiver is configured to receive a UWB positioning message through the second antenna and determine a second phase when the UWB positioning message arrives;

[0104] The processor is configured to calculate a phase difference between the tag and the two antennas based on the first phase and the second phase, and generate the second positioning data, where the second positioning data includes: a tag ID, a positioning message sequence number, and a phase difference.

[0105] Accordingly, Figure 6 The positioning platform 600 calculates three curved surfaces based on the second positioning data and the coordinates of the antennas in each second base station. The three surfaces are intersected to calculate the coordinates of the tag when it transmits the UWB positioning message. In practical applications, the PDOA module and the base station data processing module 620 can be connected via a UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter) serial port.

[0106] As mentioned above, when there is load data that needs to be uploaded, the low-power device of the present invention for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data will upload this data in a UWB positioning message. Accordingly, in the second subsystem, one of the three second base stations (one second base station can be arbitrarily specified) can process these data. Specifically, the processor in the PDOA module of the designated second base station reads the UWB positioning message from the first UWB receiver or the second UWB receiver, and sends the UWB positioning message to the base station data processing module 620.

[0107] Correspondingly, the base station data processing module 620 is further configured to detect the UWB positioning message, obtain the payload data in the UWB positioning message, and package the payload data and send it to the positioning platform 600 .

[0108] Accordingly, the positioning platform 600 is further configured to parse and process the load data.

[0109] like Figure 7 As shown, in a non-limiting embodiment, the base station data processing module 620 has an Ethernet data transmission interface, and the Ethernet data transmission interface is provided with a POE (Power Over Ethernet) power supply module 624 for supplying power to the second base station.

[0110] In one specific application, the base station data processing module 620 can utilize the STMicroelectronics ARM processor STM32F427 and its peripheral circuits. The STM32F427 integrates the performance of a Cortex-M4 core (with a floating-point unit) and operates at 180 MHz. The chip's Ethernet MAC (Media Access Control Address) controller is connected to an external Ethernet physical chip, the LAN8742, thereby implementing the base station's Ethernet data transmission interface. By adding a Power over Ethernet (PoE) module to the Ethernet interface circuit, the entire second subsystem is powered by PoE, simplifying device deployment and implementation. Only a single Ethernet twisted-pair cable is required for both data transmission and power supply. The PDOA module is connected to the data processing module through the UART serial port. The PDOA module is composed of the processor NRF52832, two UWB receivers and two antennas. Each UWB receiver is a DW1000 chip. The DW1000 chip is connected to the NRF52840 through the SPI bus. One DW1000 chip is called receiver No. 0, and the other DW1000 chip is called receiver No. 1. No. 0 and No. 1 share the same clock source, and the circuit board wiring ensures that the trace length from the clock source to the two chips is exactly the same.

[0111] When the device of the present invention sends a UWB positioning message, both receivers will receive the complete UWB positioning message, and each DW1000 chip will give the phase when the UWB positioning message arrives. NRF5280 reads the phase values ​​of the two receivers through the SPI bus, then calculates the phase difference between the tag and the two antennas, and sends the phase difference value to the base station data processing module 620 through the serial port. After the base station data processing module 620 collects the phase difference data generated by the same tag positioning message on the three sub-boards, it packages the tag ID, positioning message serial number and three groups of sub-board phase difference data according to the protocol and sends them to the background positioning platform 600. The background positioning platform 600 can calculate three surfaces respectively based on the known coordinates of the antenna of each PDOA module and the phase difference value of this positioning, and calculate the coordinate value of the tag when sending the positioning message after intersecting these three surfaces. When the processor of PDOA module 0 reads the phase difference, it also reads the complete UWB positioning message from the receiver 0 of the module, and then sends the original UWB positioning message to the base station data processing module 620 through the serial port. If the base station data processing module 620 detects that the original UWB positioning message carries payload data, it packages the payload data according to the protocol and sends it to the back-end positioning platform 600 via Ethernet. The back-end positioning platform 600 parses the sensor data of the tag and performs corresponding processing.

[0112] In this embodiment, a UWB base station supporting the TDOA algorithm can be deployed in large open spaces. A single positioning operation only requires the device of the present invention to send a positioning message once. This algorithm is a low-power algorithm that can support tags. Since the TDOA positioning algorithm and base station implementation are relatively common, this invention does not describe it in detail.

[0113] The low-power device designed by the present invention for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data was tested in a room with a width of 4 meters, a length of 5 meters, and a height of 3 meters. A UWB base station supporting the MPDOA algorithm was installed flush against the roof in the middle. Ten test points were evenly selected in the house for positioning tests, and the actual positioning accuracy was about 0.3 meters.

[0114] Furthermore, 20 low-power devices designed by the present invention for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavioral data are used, with a fast positioning frequency of 2 Hz, a low-speed positioning frequency of 0.2 Hz, motion sensor data collected once per second, heart rate, body temperature, proximity switch value, and screen controlled display status collected once every 15 minutes. Field wearing tests were conducted in a specific area, and the battery life was 55 to 63 days, with an average of about 2 months. This battery life well meets the demand for long battery life of anti-dismantling positioning terminals in scenarios within specific areas.

[0115] The precise positioning system provided by the embodiment of the present invention deploys different positioning subsystems for different environments. Different subsystems adopt different positioning methods. The first subsystem is deployed in a small room and adopts the MPDOA algorithm for positioning. The second subsystem is deployed in a large room and adopts the TDOA (Time Difference of Arrival) algorithm for positioning. This can be adapted to local conditions, meeting the positioning requirements of different regional characteristics and greatly saving hardware costs.

[0116] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this document simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0117] The term "plurality" used in the embodiments of the present application refers to two or more.

[0118] The first, second, etc. descriptions appearing in the embodiments of this application are only for illustration and distinction of the description objects. There is no order, nor does it indicate any special limitation on the number of devices in the embodiments of this application, and cannot constitute any limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0119] The "connection" appearing in the embodiments of the present application refers to various connection methods such as direct connection or indirect connection to achieve communication between devices, and the embodiments of the present application do not impose any limitations on this.

[0120] It should be noted that the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or apparatuses.

[0121] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. Moreover, the system embodiments described above are merely schematic, in which the modules and units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located on one network unit, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. A person of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without making any creative effort.

[0122] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. Specific implementation methods are used herein to illustrate the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and apparatus of the present invention. They are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, and the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power device for intelligently collecting wearer's vital signs and behavior data, characterized by: The device includes: a low-power processor, and peripheral components coupled to the low-power processor, wherein the peripheral components include: a sensor, a UWB module, and a battery; the device is set on a wristband; The battery is used to provide power to the low-power device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data; The sensor is used to collect status information of the wearer; The low-power processor is used to drive all peripheral components, obtain sensor data at a set frequency, and transmit the sensor data to the UWB module; The UWB module is used to send a UWB positioning message, and when there is sensor data that needs to be uploaded, the sensor data is carried in the UWB positioning message and sent; Among them, the length of the UWB positioning message without sensor data and the UWB positioning message with sensor data are different. When the sensor data does not need to be uploaded, only the positioning message with the shortest length is sent; the data on the data channel other than the UWB positioning data is compressed into the UWB channel positioning message; When the heart rate, body temperature and proximity switch measurements are completed, a positioning will be triggered immediately. The UWB positioning message will carry the result value of this measurement and the device's regular wristband operation data; then positioning will continue according to the current positioning cycle, and the measurement result value and the device's regular wristband operation data will continue to be carried in the positioning message. The serial number value of this data is carried in the message format, which is used by the server to distinguish whether the data is repeated. The serial number value of the data will not be updated until the next data update.

2. The low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting wearer's vital signs and behavior data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The UWB positioning message that does not carry sensor data includes the following fields: frame control character, tag ID, sequence number, check value; The UWB positioning message carrying sensor data includes the following fields: frame control character, tag ID, sequence number, payload length, payload type, payload data, and check value.

3. The low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting wearer's vital signs and behavior data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data further includes: A charging module is used to charge the battery.

4. The low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting wearer's vital signs and behavior data according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-power consumption device for intelligently collecting the wearer's vital signs and behavior data further includes: The display module is used to display any one or more of the following information: device number, power level, and sensor data.

5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The wristband is provided with an anti-disassembly fixing belt, and an electronic locking device is provided on the anti-disassembly fixing belt; The electronic lock device is used to alarm and upload alarm information when the fixing belt is cut or the lock buckle is opened after the device is worn and locked.

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