A lamination device

Abstract

The application provides a lamination device and relates to the technical field of new energy lithium battery production. The lamination device comprises a ratchet wheel, a lamination table and a driving piece. The ratchet wheel comprises an axle and a plurality of ratchet teeth arranged on the circumferential side of the axle. An accommodating cavity for accommodating a single battery cell is formed between two adjacent ratchet teeth. The lamination table is provided with an avoiding slot. The avoiding slot is open on the side close to the ratchet wheel, and the opening is opposite to the ratchet teeth. The driving piece drives the ratchet wheel to rotate. When the axle drives the ratchet teeth to pass through the opening, the single battery cell is separated from the accommodating cavity and supported on the lamination table. The lamination device can complete the lamination of the single battery cell in fewer steps by arranging the ratchet wheel in cooperation with the lamination table. The whole process does not need to grab and clamp the single battery cell, the error rate is low, the efficiency is improved, the damage of the instability of the clamping force to the single battery cell is avoided, and the final yield is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy lithium battery production technology, and in particular to a stacking device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, various new energy technologies are constantly being introduced, among which lithium batteries have become an indispensable component of smartphones, electric vehicles, and other products. The production of lithium batteries requires first obtaining lithium battery modules, which are assembled from multiple individual battery cells connected in series and parallel. Generally, lithium battery modules are obtained using winding and stacking processes. Compared to the winding process, batteries produced through the stacking process have higher capacity density, higher energy density, and more flexible dimensions.

[0003] The stacking process involves stacking individual battery cells in parallel to form a battery module. Unlike the traditional Z-shaped stacking method, there is another stacking method in the existing technology, which pre-packs the electrode sheets and separators into individual battery cells, and then uses a robotic arm to pick up and stack multiple bagged battery cells in parallel to form a battery cell.

[0004] When using the aforementioned stacking device, the robotic arm must first be opened and moved to the loading end; then the robotic arm is closed to grip the individual battery cells; subsequently, the robotic arm moves the individual cells to the stacking area, and then the robotic arm is opened again to release the individual cells into the stacking area. These steps must be repeated countless times during the fabrication of each battery cell to complete the stacking of a single cell. On the one hand, using this device requires numerous steps, resulting in low efficiency and hindering high-efficiency production. On the other hand, stacking using this device requires precise control of the robotic arm; the individual battery cells are relatively soft, and the robotic arm can easily damage them when gripping them, reducing the final yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a stacking device. By incorporating a ratchet mechanism with a stacking table, the stacking of individual battery cells can be completed in fewer steps. The entire process eliminates the need for gripping and holding the individual cells, resulting in a lower error rate, increased efficiency, and avoidance of damage to the individual cells due to unstable clamping force, thereby improving the final yield. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The present invention specifically provides a stacking device, including a ratchet, a stacking table, and a driving member; the ratchet includes a wheel axle and a plurality of ratchet teeth disposed around the wheel axle, and a receiving cavity for accommodating a single battery cell is formed between two adjacent ratchet teeth; the stacking table has a through-hole relief groove, the relief groove opening on the side near the ratchet, and the opening is directly opposite the ratchet teeth; the driving member drives the ratchet to rotate, and when the wheel axle drives the ratchet teeth to pass through the opening, the single battery cell disengages from the receiving cavity and is supported on the stacking table.

[0007] Furthermore, the width of the clearance groove and its opening is greater than the width of the ratchet, and the width of the clearance groove is less than the width of the battery cell.

[0008] Furthermore, the ratchet is inclined and forms an angle with the radial direction of the axle; the portion of the receiving cavity that is away from the axle and used to accommodate the battery cell is also inclined and forms an acute or obtuse angle with the radial direction of the axle.

[0009] Furthermore, the width of the receiving cavity at the end furthest from the axle is greater than the width at the end closest to the axle.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the ratchet at the end furthest from the axle is less than that at the end closest to the axle.

[0011] Furthermore, the stacking platform is horizontally positioned in the direction of gravity and located at a horizontal height between the axis and the upper edge of the wheel axle.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple ratchet teeth are arranged around the circumference of the wheel axle to form a ring of ratchet teeth. Multiple rings of ratchet teeth are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the ratchet. Multiple clearance grooves are spaced apart on the stacking table. Openings are spaced apart on the side of the multiple clearance grooves near the ratchet. The multiple rings of ratchet teeth and the multiple spaced openings are respectively aligned and engaged.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with anti-collision pads, which are made of either foam or rubber.

[0014] Furthermore, an elastic clamping mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the stacking platform. The elastic clamping mechanism applies a first clamping force to the battery cell supported on the stacking platform along a first direction. When the ratchet rotates, the ratchet teeth pass through the clearance groove in sequence and apply a second clamping force to the battery cell supported on the stacking platform along a second direction. The first clamping force and the second clamping force are in opposite directions.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a guide plate, one end of which is rotatably connected to the unloading end of the previous production line and receives the battery cells output from the unloading end; the other end of the guide plate is slidably inserted into the receiving cavity and guides the received battery cells into the receiving cavity.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] Compared to existing technologies that use robotic arms to grasp and stack individual battery cells, the stacking device of this invention, on the one hand, can automatically receive individual battery cells into the receiving cavity via a guide plate. The individual battery cells move to the stacking stage as the receiving cavity rotates and are held in place by the upper surface of the stacking stage. Repeating this step completes the stacking of individual battery cells. With fewer steps, the error rate is lower, the degree of automation is improved, and the efficiency is increased. On the other hand, this device uses a guide plate to guide the falling of individual battery cells, uses the receiving cavity to receive and fix the individual battery cells, and uses the upper surface of the stacking stage to receive the individual battery cells. The entire process does not require grasping and clamping the individual battery cells, thus avoiding damage to the individual battery cells due to the instability of clamping force and improving the final yield. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below.

[0019] Figure 1 This is the main view of an embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the stacking stage in one embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a right view of a ratchet and a single battery cell in one embodiment.

[0022] In all views, the same label indicates equivalent or similar parts or components.

[0023] 10. Feeding end; 11. Single cell; 20. Guide plate;

[0024] 30. Ratchet; 31. Axle; 32. Ratchet tooth; 321. Connecting part; 322. Pointed tooth part;

[0025] 33. Receiving cavity; 40. Stacking stage; 41. Alternating groove; 42. Opening. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this specification, the terms "Embodiment 1," "this embodiment," or "in one embodiment," etc., indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example; moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0028] In the description of this specification, the terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," "setting," and "having" are interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In the description of this specification, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase “comprising one…” does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0030] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, a stacking device includes a guide plate 20, a ratchet 30, a stacking table 40, and a drive component. The ratchet 30 includes a shaft 31 and a plurality of ratchet teeth 32 disposed around the shaft 31, with a receiving cavity 33 for accommodating a single battery cell 11 formed between adjacent ratchet teeth 32. One end of the guide plate 20 is slidably inserted into the receiving cavity 33 and is used to guide the single battery cell 11 from the previous production line into the receiving cavity 33. Figure 2As shown, the stacking stage 40 has a through-hole groove 41, with an opening 42 on the side of the groove 41 near the ratchet 30, the opening 42 being directly opposite the ratchet 32. A drive unit drives the ratchet 30 to rotate, and the guide plate 20 slides into adjacent receiving cavities 33 one by one. Adjacent receiving cavities 33 pass through the opening 42 one by one, and when the wheel axle 31 drives the ratchet 32 ​​through the opening 42, the battery cell 11 disengages from the receiving cavity 33 and is supported on the stacking stage 40. The drive unit can be a motor.

[0031] In use, the drive unit drives the ratchet 30 to rotate. One end of the guide plate is rotatably fixed to the unloading section of the previous production line, while the other free end overlaps and inserts into the ratchet 30. When the ratchet 30 rotates to the fixed position, the guide plate 20 is precisely inserted into the receiving cavity 33 of the ratchet 30. At this time, the unloading end 10 of the previous production line outputs the battery cell 11, which falls into the receiving cavity 33 of the ratchet 30 through the guide plate 20. The ratchet 30 rotates, causing the battery cell 11 in the receiving cavity 33 to rotate together. Figure 3 As shown. When the receiving cavity 33 containing the battery cell 11 rotates to the opening 42 of the stacking table 40, the ratchet 32 ​​passes through the clearance groove 41, and the battery cell 11 is received on the stacking table 40 on both sides of the clearance groove 41. The unloading end 10 of the previous production line continuously outputs the battery cell 11 into the receiving cavity 33 of the ratchet 30 through the guide plate 20. Driven by the drive component, the ratchet 30 continuously drives the battery cell 11 in the receiving cavity 33 to rotate, and they fall one by one onto the stacking table 40, completing the stacking of the battery cell 11.

[0032] Compared to existing devices that use robotic arms to grasp and stack battery cell units 11, the stacking device in this embodiment can automatically receive the battery cell unit 11 into the receiving cavity 33 via the guide plate 20. The battery cell unit 11 moves to the stacking stage 40 as the receiving cavity 33 rotates, and is received and retained by the stacking stages 40 on both sides of the clearance groove 41. Repeating this step completes the stacking of the battery cell unit 11. The number of steps is reduced, resulting in a lower error rate, reduced manual assistance, and improved automation and efficiency. On the other hand, this device uses the guide plate 20 to guide the battery cell unit 11 as it falls, the receiving cavity 33 to receive and fix the battery cell unit 11, and the upper surfaces of the stacking stages 40 on both sides of the clearance groove 41 to support the battery cell unit 11. The entire process does not require grasping or clamping the battery cell unit 11, thus avoiding damage to the battery cell unit 11 due to unstable clamping force and improving the final yield.

[0033] In one embodiment, the width of the clearance groove 41 and its opening 42 are both greater than the width of the ratchet 32, and the width of the clearance groove 41 is less than the width of the battery cell 11. When the receiving cavity 33 containing the battery cell 11 rotates to the opening 42 of the stacking table 40, the ratchet 32 ​​passes through the clearance groove 41 because its width is less than the width of the clearance groove 41 and its opening 42, and the battery cell 11 remains on the upper surface of the stacking table 40 because its width is greater than the width of the clearance groove 41. Through the width difference, the battery cells 11 housed between the ratchet 32 ​​can fall onto the stacking table 40 one by one. The ratchet 30 and the stacking table 40 cooperate precisely and cleverly. Compared with a robotic arm, the stacking device in this embodiment has a low error rate, a high degree of automation, and high efficiency. Furthermore, the maximum distance between the ratchet 32 ​​and the axle 31 is less than or equal to the maximum distance between the clearance groove 41 and the axle 31, so that when the ratchet 32 ​​extends into the clearance groove 41, the receiving cavity 33 between the ratchet 32 ​​also extends into the clearance groove 41.

[0034] In other embodiments, the width of the battery cell 11 can be smaller than the width of the ratchet 32 ​​and the clearance groove 41. In this case, it is only necessary to move the battery cell 11 in the receiving cavity 33 along the axial direction of the ratchet 30 so that the battery cell 11 extends out of the receiving cavity 33 in the axial direction of the ratchet 30. At the same time, the distance between the two side walls of the ratchet 32 ​​and the clearance groove 41 is adjusted so that the distance between the side walls of the ratchet 32 ​​and the clearance groove 41 is reduced on the side where the battery cell 11 extends out of the ratchet 30. Thus, when the ratchet 32 ​​passes through the clearance groove 41, the battery cell 11 can be supported on the upper surface of the stacking stage 40 on that side of the clearance groove 41.

[0035] This embodiment can be applied to smaller battery cells 11, expanding the applicability of the stacking device. However, compared with the previous embodiment, this embodiment has stricter requirements on the positional relationship of the battery cell 11, ratchet 32, and clearance groove 41 during stacking. It can even design an auxiliary alignment mechanism to ensure more precise positioning of each battery cell 11. In the previous embodiment, since the width of the battery cell 11 is greater than the width of the clearance groove 41, by adjusting the positional relationship of the battery cell 11, ratchet 32, and clearance groove 41 along the axial direction of the ratchet 30, when the ratchet 32 ​​passes through the clearance groove 41, both ends of the battery cell 11 can be respectively supported on the upper surface of the stacking table 40 on both sides of the clearance groove 41. At this time, the battery cell 11 is less likely to tilt, fall, or even slip, and the stacking table 40 provides more stable support for the battery cell 11, resulting in a lower error rate and a higher yield.

[0036] In one embodiment, the axle 31 is cylindrical, and the ratchet teeth 32 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the axle 31. By changing the speed at which the drive unit drives the ratchet 30 to rotate, it is made to match the feeding speed of the feeding end 10 of the previous production line, ensuring that each battery cell 11 output from the feeding end 10 falls one by one into the adjacent receiving cavity 33 of the ratchet 30. Each receiving cavity 33 of the ratchet 30 is utilized, so that the device achieves the highest stacking efficiency.

[0037] In one embodiment, the end of the guide plate 20 furthest from the ratchet 30 is rotatably connected to the unloading end 10 of the previous production line and receives the battery cell 11 output from the unloading end 10 of the previous production line. The guide plate 20 is rotatably connected to the unloading end 10, so that during the rotation of the ratchet 30, the guide plate 20 can rotate around the unloading end 10. When the guide plate 20 reaches the end of the ratchet 32, it slides into the next receiving cavity 33 and guides the next battery cell 11 into this receiving cavity 33. Through the rotatable connection at one end and the sliding insertion at the other end, the guide plate 20 can flexibly insert into the receiving cavities 33 one by one and guide the battery cell 11 into the receiving cavities 33 when the drive unit drives the ratchet 30 to rotate. The structure is simple, the design is ingenious, and the feeding of the battery cell 11 is completed quickly and efficiently.

[0038] In other embodiments, the battery cell 11 can be manually or by other mechanisms to be introduced into the receiving cavity 33. For example, the battery cell 11 can be pushed into the receiving cavity 33 from the side by a cylinder. The wheel axle 31 drives the ratchet 32 ​​to rotate, so that the cylinder can push the battery cell 11 into the adjacent receiving cavity 33 one by one, thereby realizing the continuous stacking of the battery cell 11.

[0039] In one embodiment, the ratchet 32 ​​is inclined and forms an angle with the radial direction of the axle 31; the portion of the receiving cavity 33 that is away from the axle 31 and is used to accommodate the battery cell 11 is also inclined and forms an acute or obtuse angle with the radial direction of the axle 31. The stacking stage 40 is horizontally arranged in the direction of gravity and is located at a horizontal height between the axis and the upper edge of the axle 31. Specifically, when the ratchet 30 rotates counterclockwise, the ratchet 32 ​​rotates clockwise along the circumference of the axle 31. Therefore, when a certain receiving cavity 33 rotates to a position slightly above the axis of the left ratchet 30, the receiving cavity 33 opens roughly vertically upwards, and the battery cell 11 inside the receiving cavity 33 is placed almost vertically. At this time, the receiving cavity 33 passes through the opening 42 of the stacking table 40, and the battery cell 11 is more stably supported on the stacking table 40 on both sides of the opening 42. This avoids the battery cell 11 from falling over due to excessive tilting, increases the probability that the battery cell 11 is stably upright on the stacking table 40, reduces excessive manual intervention, and improves efficiency and automation.

[0040] In other embodiments, the portion of the receiving cavity 33 that is away from the axle 31 and is used to house the battery cell 11 is perpendicular or perpendicular to the radial direction of the axle 31. The stacking stage 40 is horizontally positioned in the direction of gravity and located at a horizontal height between the upper and lower edges of the axle 31. In this case, the angular relationship between the stacking stage 40 and the ratchet 30 can be adjusted so that the ratchet 32 ​​can cooperate with the stacking stage 40 to complete the stacking of the battery cell 11. At the same time, other limiting plates can be set to further stabilize the battery cell 11 and prevent it from slipping.

[0041] In one embodiment, an elastic clamping mechanism is further provided on the upper surface of the stacking stage 40. The elastic clamping mechanism applies a first clamping force to the battery cell 11 supported on the stacking stage 40 along a first direction. When the ratchet 30 rotates, the ratchet teeth 32 pass through the clearance groove 41 in sequence and apply a second clamping force to the battery cell 11 supported on the stacking stage 40 along a second direction. The first clamping force and the second clamping force are in opposite directions.

[0042] Specifically, when there is one battery cell 11 on the stacking table 40, the elastic clamping mechanism and the ratchet 32 ​​abut against the left and right sides of the battery cell 11, respectively. When there are multiple battery cell 11s on the stacking table 40, the elastic clamping mechanism and the ratchet 32 ​​abut against the left and right sides of the multiple battery cell 11s as a whole, thereby preventing the battery cell 11 from slipping due to instability when falling onto the stacking table 40, or preventing the next battery cell 11 from knocking over the previous battery cell 11 when falling onto the stacking table 40, reducing the error rate of the stacking device and improving the stacking efficiency. The elastic clamping mechanism may include a spring and a clamping plate. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the end of the stacking table 40 away from the ratchet 30, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the clamping plate. The elastic clamping mechanism abuts against the battery cell 11 through the clamping plate. When the clamping plate abuts against the battery cell 11, the spring is in a compressed state. In other embodiments, the spring clamping mechanism may also include other forms.

[0043] In other embodiments, the stacking device further includes a material handling mechanism that removes the stacked battery cells 11 from the stacking table 40 and places them on the next workstation. The material handling mechanism can be a robotic arm with grippers or suction cups, or other structures.

[0044] In one embodiment, the ratchet 32 ​​includes a connecting portion 321 and a pointed portion 322. One end of the connecting portion 321 is connected to the axle 31, and the other end is connected to the pointed portion 322. Each receiving cavity 33 is formed by the current ratchet 32 ​​and the connecting portion 321 of the previous ratchet 32. Compared with a normal ratchet 32, this embodiment forms the receiving cavity 33 by providing the connecting portion 321 and the pointed portion 322. The two opposite sides of the receiving cavity 33 are closer to parallel, so that the battery cell 11 can enter the receiving cavity 33 more deeply and be placed more stably in the receiving cavity 33.

[0045] In one embodiment, the opening width of the receiving cavity 33 at the end furthest from the axis of the ratchet 30 is greater than the opening width at the end closest to the axis of the ratchet 30. A larger opening improves the tolerance for feeding errors, allowing the battery cell 11 to be smoothly introduced into the receiving cavity 33 within a larger area. Furthermore, the opening width of the receiving cavity 33 is set to a smooth variation, thereby providing a guiding effect for the battery cell 11, ensuring its stable sliding into the receiving cavity 33. This avoids damage to the battery cell 11 caused by abrupt changes in the width of the receiving cavity 33, improving the stability of the device operation and ultimately increasing the yield rate.

[0046] In one embodiment, the thickness of the end of the toothed portion 322 is less than the thickness of the root of the toothed portion 322. Specifically, the outer side of the end of the toothed portion 322 is tapered inward toward the axis of the ratchet 30, thereby reducing the thickness of the end of the toothed portion 322. When rotating under the drive of the drive member, this reduces the interference of the toothed portion 322 on the cell 11 on the stacking stage 40, preventing the cell 11 on the stacking stage 40 from being pushed too far away, which would cause the distance between adjacent cell 11 on the stacking stage 40 to be too large, affecting the performance of the battery module formed after stacking. In other embodiments, the thickness of the end of the toothed portion 322 can also be reduced by tapering the inner side of the end of the toothed portion 322 inward away from the axis of the ratchet 30. In this case, the opening of the receiving cavity 33 can be further enlarged, improving the fault tolerance when receiving the cell 11 and improving the final yield of the device. In other embodiments, the thickness of the end of the toothed portion 322 can be reduced by both of the aforementioned methods simultaneously, thereby improving the performance of the device in two aspects at the same time.

[0047] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the receiving cavity 33 is provided with an anti-collision pad, which is made of either foam or rubber. Providing an anti-collision pad reduces the probability of the battery cell 11 being damaged when it falls into the receiving cavity 33. By using an anti-collision pad with a larger area and greater thickness, the impact damage to the battery cell 11 can be reduced to a greater extent, thus improving the yield of the final product.

[0048] Furthermore, the surface of the anti-collision pad is provided with an anti-slip layer, which includes anti-slip particles or anti-slip teeth. The anti-slip pad can reduce the possibility of displacement or even slippage and damage to the battery cell 11 when it falls into the receiving cavity 33 and when it rotates with the ratchet 30, thereby improving the stability of the stacking process and also increasing the yield of the final product.

[0049] In one embodiment, multiple ratchet teeth 32 are arranged around the circumference of the axle 31 to form a ring of ratchet teeth 32. Further, multiple rings of ratchet teeth 32 are arranged side-by-side along the axial direction of the axle 31 to form multiple rings of ratchet teeth 32. The stacking table 40 is provided with multiple spaced-apart grooves 41, and each spaced-apart groove 41 has an opening 42 on its side near the ratchet 30. The multiple rings of ratchet teeth 32 and the spaced-apart openings 42 are respectively aligned and engaged. In this embodiment, two or more adjacent receiving cavities 33 along the axial direction of the ratchet 30 can jointly accommodate a single battery cell 11 and jointly drive the single battery cell 11 to rotate until it is supported on the stacking table 40 with the spaced-apart grooves 41. The single battery cell is less likely to slip due to a shift in the center of gravity during the entire stacking process, resulting in more stable stacking and a higher yield of the final product.

[0050] The above description of the embodiments is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand and apply the technology of this invention. Those skilled in the art can easily make various modifications to these examples and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative effort. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Modifications in the following situations should be within the scope of protection of this invention: ① New technical solutions implemented based on the technical solution of this invention and combined with existing common knowledge, where the technical effects of the new technical solution do not exceed the technical effects of this invention; ② Equivalent substitutions of some features of the technical solution of this invention using known technology, resulting in the same technical effects as those of this invention; ③ Extendable technical solutions based on the technical solution of this invention, where the substantive content of the extended technical solution does not exceed the technical solution of this invention; ④ Equivalent transformations made using the content of this specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields.

Claims

1. A stacking device, characterized in that, Includes ratchet, stacking table, and drive mechanism; The ratchet includes an axle and a plurality of ratchet teeth disposed around the axle. A receiving cavity for accommodating a single battery cell is formed between two adjacent ratchet teeth. An anti-collision pad is provided on the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and an anti-slip layer is provided on the surface of the anti-collision pad. Each ratchet tooth includes a connecting portion and a pointed tooth portion. One end of the connecting portion is connected to the axle, and the other end is connected to the pointed tooth portion. The thickness of the end of the pointed tooth portion is less than the thickness of the root of the pointed tooth portion. The stacking platform is horizontally arranged in the direction of gravity and is located at a horizontal height between the axis and the upper edge of the wheel axle. The stacking platform is provided with a through groove, and the groove opens on the side near the ratchet, with the opening facing the ratchet tooth. When the drive unit drives the ratchet to rotate, and the axle drives the ratchet teeth to pass through the opening, the battery cell is disengaged from the receiving cavity and supported on the stacking platform; An elastic clamping mechanism is provided on the upper surface of the stacking platform. The elastic clamping mechanism applies a first clamping force to the battery cell supported on the stacking platform along a first direction. When the ratchet rotates, the ratchet teeth pass through the clearance groove in sequence and apply a second clamping force to the battery cell supported on the stacking platform along a second direction. The first clamping force and the second clamping force are in opposite directions.

2. The stacking apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the clearance groove and its opening is greater than the width of the ratchet, and the width of the clearance groove is less than the width of the individual battery cell.

3. The stacking apparatus as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The ratchet is inclined and forms an angle with the radial direction of the axle; the portion of the receiving cavity that is away from the axle and used to accommodate the battery cell is also inclined and forms an acute or obtuse angle with the radial direction of the axle.

4. The stacking apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The width of the receiving cavity at the end furthest from the axle is greater than the width at the end closest to the axle.

5. The stacking apparatus as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The thickness of the ratchet is less at the end furthest from the axle than at the end closest to the axle.

6. The stacking apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Multiple ratchet teeth are arranged around the circumference of the wheel axle to form a ring of ratchet teeth. Multiple rings of ratchet teeth are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the ratchet wheel. Multiple clearance grooves are spaced apart on the stacking table. Openings are spaced apart on the side of the multiple clearance grooves near the ratchet wheel. The multiple rings of ratchet teeth and the multiple spaced openings are respectively aligned and engaged.

7. The stacking apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The anti-collision pad is made of either foam or rubber.

8. The stacking apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a guide plate, one end of which is rotatably connected to the unloading end of the previous production line and receives the battery cell output from the unloading end. The other end of the guide plate is slidably inserted into the receiving cavity and guides the received battery cell into the receiving cavity.

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