A single-layer dual-polarization reflective array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-layer dual-polarization reflector array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function, belonging to the technical field of reflector array antennas and energy crossover. The structure is characterized by comprising a single-layer PCB dielectric layer, a photovoltaic cell disposed on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer, and a lower copper clad layer disposed on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric layer. The PCB dielectric layer is a rectangular structure, and the photovoltaic cells comprise a right photovoltaic cell, a rear photovoltaic cell, a left photovoltaic cell, and a front photovoltaic cell distributed around a rectangular central area on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer. The structure comprises a first symmetrical portion formed by the right photovoltaic cell and the left photovoltaic cell, and a second symmetrical portion formed by the rear photovoltaic cell and the front photovoltaic cell. The present invention can be applied to broadband reflector array designs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of reflectarray antennas and energy intersection, and in particular relates to a single-layer dual-polarization reflectarray unit structure with a photovoltaic power generation function. Background Art

[0002] Planar reflectarray antennas, a combination of traditional phased array antennas and parabolic antennas, are becoming increasingly important in modern high-gain antenna applications. Using PCB printing technology inevitably results in a lower unit operating bandwidth, making expanding the reflectarray's operating bandwidth a significant research area.

[0003] Currently, most research reports on extending the operating bandwidth of reflectarrays primarily use double-layer or multi-layer coupling techniques. For example, the 2016 paper "Wideband Folded Reflectarray Using Novel Elements With High Orthogonal Polarization Isolation" proposed a dual-layer, multi-ring structure with dual-polarization elements, significantly improving the operating bandwidth of the reflectarray antenna. However, the double-layer structure introduces significant errors during actual processing and assembly, and the use of a double-layer PCB also increases costs. The paper "A Broadband Folded Reflectarray Using Single-Layer Three-Dipole Elements" uses a single-layer three-dipole element structure to design a reflectarray. However, the phase shift provided by this element structure is less than 360°, and the linearity of the phase shift is very steep. Variations in element size due to processing errors can significantly impact antenna performance.

[0004] Through the interdisciplinary integration of new energy and wireless communication, solar cell panels are combined with wireless communication systems to propose solar cell antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the known technology, the present invention proposes a single-layer dual-polarization reflector array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function, which can be applied to the broadband design of the reflector array.

[0006] The present invention aims to provide a single-layer dual-polarization reflectarray unit structure with a photovoltaic power generation function, comprising a PCB dielectric layer formed of a single-layer PCB board, photovoltaic cells arranged on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer, and a lower copper clad layer arranged on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric layer; the PCB dielectric layer has a rectangular structure, and the photovoltaic cells include a right photovoltaic cell, a rear photovoltaic cell, a left photovoltaic cell, and a front photovoltaic cell distributed around a rectangular central area on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer; wherein the right photovoltaic cell and the left photovoltaic cell form a first symmetrical portion, and the rear photovoltaic cell and the front photovoltaic cell form a second symmetrical portion.

[0007] Preferably, the right photovoltaic cell and the left photovoltaic cell have the same structure, and both include a distal [-shaped photovoltaic cell with an opening facing the rectangular center area and two proximal [-shaped photovoltaic cells with openings facing away from the rectangular center area; wherein: the two proximal [-shaped photovoltaic cells facing away from the rectangular center area are divided into an outer [-shaped photovoltaic cell and an inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell according to the positional relationship; wherein, the distal [-shaped photovoltaic cell is located in the gap of the inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell is located in the gap of the outer [-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the distal [-shaped photovoltaic cell, the inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell and the outer [-shaped photovoltaic cell are not in contact with each other.

[0008] Preferably, the rear photovoltaic cell and the front photovoltaic cell have the same structure, and both include an E-shaped photovoltaic cell with an opening facing the rectangular central area, and a special-shaped photovoltaic cell located between the E-shaped photovoltaic cell and the rectangular central area; the special-shaped photovoltaic cell includes a horizontal photovoltaic cell located on the opening side of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, a rectangular groove is provided at the center position of the horizontal photovoltaic cell opposite to the opening of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and a rectangular protrusion is provided at the center position of the horizontal photovoltaic cell opposite to the opening of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell; L-shaped photovoltaic cells are provided at both ends of the horizontal photovoltaic cell, the L-shaped photovoltaic cell is located on both sides of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the E-shaped photovoltaic cell and the L-shaped photovoltaic cell are an integrally formed structure.

[0009] Preferably, the overall size of the single-layer dual-polarization reflectarray unit structure is 11×11×3.2 mm, and the operating frequency range is 11 to 15 GHz.

[0010] Preferably, by adjusting the cell sizes Lx and Ly in the two symmetrical parts, the reflection phases of the polarization electric fields along the x-axis and y-axis are adjusted respectively, so that the structure can achieve a reflection phase adjustment of more than 550° in the two orthogonal polarization directions.

[0011] Preferably, the value range of Lx is 4.5 to 7 mm; the value range of Ly is 4 to 8 mm.

[0012] The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention utilizes a single-layer PCB unit structure and a novel multi-loop coupling structure to increase unit phase shift, extending the reflectarray antenna bandwidth while reducing the number of PCB layers, lowering manufacturing complexity and costs. Compared to multi-layer PCB structures, the single-layer PCB structure employed in the present invention reduces alignment errors during assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 An exploded view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 A front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 A top view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the reflection phase, frequency, and size of a periodic unit simulated in an infinite array environment in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically showing the phase response of an X-polarized electromagnetic wave incident on the unit when the Ly value remains unchanged and Lx is changed;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the relationship between the reflection phase, frequency, and size of a periodic unit simulation in an infinite array environment in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically showing the phase response diagram of the y-polarized electromagnetic wave incident on the unit when the Lx value remains unchanged and Ly is changed.

[0019] Among them: 10, photovoltaic cell; 20, PCB board dielectric layer; 30, lower copper layer; 11, right photovoltaic cell; 12, rear photovoltaic cell; 13, left photovoltaic cell; 14, front photovoltaic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are given as examples and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the technical solutions in the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0023] See also Figures 1 to 4 A single-layer dual-polarization reflector array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function includes a PCB dielectric layer 20 formed of a single-layer PCB board, a photovoltaic cell 10 is arranged on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer 20, and a lower copper clad layer 30 is arranged on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric layer 20; the PCB dielectric layer has a rectangular structure, and the photovoltaic cells include a right photovoltaic cell 11, a rear photovoltaic cell 12, a left photovoltaic cell 13, and a front photovoltaic cell 14 distributed around a rectangular central area on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer; wherein: the right photovoltaic cell and the left photovoltaic cell form a first symmetrical portion, and the rear photovoltaic cell and the front photovoltaic cell form a second symmetrical portion.

[0024] See also Figure 3 The right photovoltaic cell and the left photovoltaic cell have the same structure, both of which include a distal [-shaped photovoltaic cell with an opening facing the rectangular center area and two proximal [-shaped photovoltaic cells with openings facing away from the rectangular center area; wherein: the two proximal [-shaped photovoltaic cells facing away from the rectangular center area are divided into an outer [-shaped photovoltaic cell and an inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell according to the positional relationship; wherein, the distal [-shaped photovoltaic cell is located in the gap of the inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell is located in the gap of the outer [-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the distal [-shaped photovoltaic cell, the inner [-shaped photovoltaic cell and the outer [-shaped photovoltaic cell are not in contact with each other.

[0025] The structures of the rear photovoltaic cell and the front photovoltaic cell are the same, and both include an E-shaped photovoltaic cell with an opening facing the rectangular central area, and a special-shaped photovoltaic cell located between the E-shaped photovoltaic cell and the rectangular central area; the special-shaped photovoltaic cell includes a horizontal photovoltaic cell located on the opening side of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and a rectangular groove is provided at the center position of the horizontal photovoltaic cell opposite to the opening of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and a rectangular protrusion is provided at the center position of the horizontal photovoltaic cell opposite to the opening of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell; L-shaped photovoltaic cells are provided at both ends of the horizontal photovoltaic cell, and the L-shaped photovoltaic cell is located on both sides of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the E-shaped photovoltaic cell and the L-shaped photovoltaic cell are an integrally formed structure.

[0026] The overall size of the single-layer dual-polarization reflectarray unit structure is 11×11×3.2 mm, and the operating frequency range is 11 to 15 GHz.

[0027] The present invention uses only one layer of single-sided copper-clad Rogers 5880 PCB board: from top to bottom, it is composed of photovoltaic cells (PCB upper surface), PCB board dielectric layer, and lower copper clad layer, i.e. metal floor (PCB lower surface);

[0028] The photovoltaic cells include a right photovoltaic cell 11, a rear photovoltaic cell 12, a left photovoltaic cell 13, and a front photovoltaic cell 14 distributed around a rectangular central area on the upper surface of the dielectric layer of the PCB board; wherein: the right photovoltaic cell 11 and the left photovoltaic cell 13 are mirror-symmetrical about a vertical central axis (the vertical center line of the rectangular symmetrical area), and the rear photovoltaic cell 12 and the front photovoltaic cell 14 are mirror-symmetrical about a horizontal central axis (the horizontal center line of the rectangular symmetrical area);

[0029] The photovoltaic cell on the right has the same structure as that on the left. Both are composed of three parts, including two halves of open rectangular rings (that is, the rectangular rings are cut in half, with one structure on each side) and two halves of split I-types (that is, the I-shape is cut in half, with two [-shaped structures on each side).

[0030] The rear photovoltaic cell has the same structure as the front photovoltaic cell, consisting of two parts: an E-shaped portion and a half that resembles an open rectangular ring. The PCB dielectric is 3.2mm thick, and the bottom copper surface of the PCB maintains a complete metal structure, serving as the floor.

[0031] The overall size of the unit structure is 11×11×3.2mm, and the operating frequency range is 11~15GHz.

[0032] The upper photovoltaic cell sheet includes two sets of symmetrical structures. The two sets of symmetrical structures (X direction group and Y direction group) are perpendicular to each other on the plane and can control the phase change in the two orthogonal directions respectively.

[0033] By adjusting the dimensions of the two photovoltaic cell groups, Lx (ranging from 4.5 to 7 mm) and Ly (ranging from 4 to 8 mm), the reflection phase of the polarized electric field along the x-axis and y-axis can be adjusted separately. The structure can achieve a reflection phase adjustment of more than 550 degrees in the two orthogonal polarization directions.

[0034] The PCB board uses Rogers 5880, which has a relative dielectric constant of 2.2, a loss tangent of 0.0009, and a dielectric board thickness of 3.2mm; the plane size of the unit structure is 11*11mm.

[0035] The distance between the right photovoltaic cell 11 and the left photovoltaic cell 13 and the cell edge is 0.175 mm, and the distance between the rear photovoltaic cell 12 and the front photovoltaic cell 14 and the cell edge is 0.1 mm.

[0036] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-layer dual-polarization reflective array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function, characterized in that: A PCB dielectric layer (20) is provided which is composed of a single-layer PCB board; a photovoltaic cell (10) is provided on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer (20); and a lower copper clad layer (30) is provided on the lower surface of the PCB dielectric layer (20); the PCB dielectric layer (20) is a rectangular structure; the photovoltaic cell (10) comprises a right photovoltaic cell (11), a rear photovoltaic cell (12), a left photovoltaic cell (13), and a front photovoltaic cell (14) distributed around a rectangular central area on the upper surface of the PCB dielectric layer (20); Wherein: a first symmetrical portion consisting of the right photovoltaic cell (11) and the left photovoltaic cell (13), and a second symmetrical portion consisting of the rear photovoltaic cell (12) and the front photovoltaic cell (14); The right photovoltaic cell (11) and the left photovoltaic cell (13) have the same structure, both comprising a distal U-shaped photovoltaic cell with an opening facing toward the rectangular center area, and two proximal U-shaped photovoltaic cells with openings facing away from the rectangular center area; wherein: the two proximal U-shaped photovoltaic cells facing away from the rectangular center area are divided into an outer U-shaped photovoltaic cell and an inner U-shaped photovoltaic cell according to the positional relationship; wherein the distal U-shaped photovoltaic cell is located within the notch of the inner U-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the inner U-shaped photovoltaic cell is located within the notch of the outer U-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the distal U-shaped photovoltaic cell, the inner U-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the outer U-shaped photovoltaic cell do not contact each other; The rear photovoltaic cell (12) and the front photovoltaic cell (14) have the same structure, and both include an E-shaped photovoltaic cell with an opening facing the rectangular central area, and a special-shaped photovoltaic cell located between the E-shaped photovoltaic cell and the rectangular central area; the special-shaped photovoltaic cell includes a horizontal photovoltaic cell located on the opening side of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, a rectangular groove is provided at the center position of the horizontal photovoltaic cell opposite to the opening of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and a rectangular protrusion is provided at the center position of the horizontal photovoltaic cell opposite to the opening of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell; L-shaped photovoltaic cells are provided at both ends of the horizontal photovoltaic cell, the L-shaped photovoltaic cells are located on both sides of the E-shaped photovoltaic cell, and the E-shaped photovoltaic cell and the L-shaped photovoltaic cell are an integrally formed structure.

2. The single-layer dual-polarization reflective array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall size of the single-layer dual-polarization reflectarray unit structure is 11×11×3.2 mm, and the operating frequency range is 11-15 GHz.

3. The single-layer dual-polarization reflective array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: By adjusting the cell sizes Lx and Ly in the two symmetrical parts, the reflection phases of the polarization electric fields along the x-axis and y-axis are adjusted respectively, so that the structure can achieve 550 in the two orthogonal polarization directions. o The above reflection phase adjustment.

4. The single-layer dual-polarization reflective array unit structure with photovoltaic power generation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The value range of Lx is 4.5~7mm; the value range of Ly is 4~8mm.

Images