A method, apparatus and system for transmitting discrete signals

Abstract

This application provides a discrete signal transmission method, apparatus, and system, belonging to the field of discrete signal transmission control technology. At the transmitting end, each discrete channel signal is sampled at high speed and packaged into a serial signal according to a certain transmission protocol and transmitted in the form of an optical signal in a single optical fiber link. After the optical matrix switching module selects the output optical fiber channel and arrives at the receiving end, it is unpacked and restored. This realizes the transmission of multiple discrete parallel discrete signals through a single optical fiber channel, reduces the number of discrete signal lines, improves transmission reliability and scalability of the number of discrete signal lines, and reduces the cost of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of discrete signal transmission and control technology, and in particular relates to a discrete signal transmission method, device and system. Background Technology

[0002] Discrete signals refer to a set of signals conforming to a certain level standard, input or output through the I / O interface of a module / chip. They can realize information processing with certain logical relationships and are widely used in industrial control, automotive electronics, and avionics. In modern avionics systems, multiple discrete signals are often interconnected between different units. For example, front-end execution units designed as independent modules often require multiple or even dozens of discrete channels to control the front-end execution unit. Furthermore, status indication signals of certain modules need to be transmitted to the management unit for information aggregation, serving as input for system management; each status indication signal requires a separate discrete I / O channel.

[0003] In traditional designs, these discrete signal channels are typically implemented using dedicated hardware circuitry. For example, if a control unit manipulates n control switches of a front-end execution unit, the following process and hardware are required: The control unit module outputs n discrete signals with a level standard of X to one or a group of level conversion chips. The level conversion chips convert the n X level standard signals into n Y level standard signals. These n Y level standard signals pass through the control unit's connector, n electrical signal cables, and the RF unit's connector to reach one or a group of level conversion chips in the RF unit. The level conversion chips convert the n Y level standard signals into the levels required by the RF unit devices, thus enabling the reception of control signals.

[0004] When the number of discrete signals is large, traditional discrete signal transmission methods lead to the following problems: 1) The large number of discrete channels results in a huge number of physical cables; further, it makes it difficult to expand and add discrete channels and inconvenient to redundancy backup; 2) Dedicated hardware lines use electrical signal transmission, resulting in weak anti-interference performance; each channel is individually shielded, leading to high costs; 3) Discrete signals are transmitted without protocols and without verification, resulting in low reliability. In electronic systems with a small number of discrete channels, the transmission method of each discrete signal using dedicated hardware lines is not a major problem. However, as the degree of digitization of electronic systems continues to increase and system complexity continues to rise, the scalability, reliability, and cost of this method will continue to decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a transmission method with good scalability, high reliability, and low cost to replace the traditional independent transmission method of discrete signals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the transmission of discrete signals in related technologies, this invention provides a method, apparatus, and system for transmitting discrete signals, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, a discrete signal transmission device is provided, the device comprising: a transmitter, an optical matrix switching module, and at least one receiver, wherein the transmitter and the optical matrix switching module are connected by an optical fiber channel; the optical matrix switching module and each receiver are connected by an optical fiber channel; and the optical fiber channels between different receivers and the optical matrix switching module are identified differently.

[0007] The transmitting end is used to perform high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and store the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the value in the current status register is read to obtain a data frame; the electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and the optical signal is transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel;

[0008] The optical matrix switching module is used to determine the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and to send the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel.

[0009] The receiver corresponding to the target fiber optic channel is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals. After the recovered discrete data is verified to be correct, the discrete data is written into the current status register. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

[0010] This invention collects and summarizes signals from various discrete channels in real time, packages and encapsulates them according to a certain transmission protocol, and transmits them as serial signals. This enables the transmission of multiple discrete parallel signals through a single channel, solving the problems of large physical cable counts, difficulty in expanding and adding discrete channels, and inconvenience in line redundancy backup caused by the large number of traditional parallel discrete channels. The serial electrical signal data is converted into optical signals and transmitted in the link through optical fiber, solving the problems of weak anti-interference performance, separate shielding of each channel, and high cost associated with traditional discrete signal transmission using dedicated hardware lines.

[0011] The transmitting end includes: a parallel-to-serial conversion unit, a transmission register unit, a data transmission unit, and a first photoelectric conversion module;

[0012] The parallel-to-serial conversion unit has parallel discrete input ports for high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and sends the sampled values ​​to the current status register of the transmitting register unit, where 1 ≤ n ≤ m, and m is the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit. The number of parallel discrete signals is less than or equal to the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit, facilitating the expansion to accept more discrete signals. Each parallel discrete signal also carries the identifier of the parallel discrete input port of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit.

[0013] The transmit register unit is used to enable the data transmit unit to transmit data when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different.

[0014] The data transmission unit is used to read the value in the current status register of the transmission register unit when enabled, and obtain a data frame; send the data frame to the first photoelectric conversion module, and after completing the transmission of the data frame, send a status signal back to the transmission register unit; when the data transmission unit receives an effective enable signal and is in an idle state, it starts the transmission of this data, and after completing the transmission of this data, sends a feedback signal to the transmission register unit; during the data transmission process, the data transmission unit does not accept enable signal control;

[0015] The first photoelectric conversion module is used to convert electrical signals into optical signals and transmit the optical signals to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel.

[0016] The transmission register unit includes: a current status register, a previous status register, and a comparison module; the current status register is used to store the current sampled data; the previous status register is used to store the sampled data of the previous state;

[0017] The comparison module is used to compare the values ​​of two registers and enables the data transmission unit to send data when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different.

[0018] The data transmission unit includes: an encapsulation module and a high-speed serial transceiver;

[0019] The encapsulation module is used to read the value in the current status register of the transmit register unit when enabled, and encode and encapsulate it to obtain a data frame;

[0020] The high-speed serial transceiver is used to send the data frame to the first photoelectric conversion module and to send a status signal back to the transmission register unit after the data frame transmission is completed.

[0021] Each receiving end includes: a second photoelectric conversion module, a data receiving unit, a receiving register unit, and a serial-to-parallel conversion unit;

[0022] The second photoelectric conversion module is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals and send the electrical signals to the data receiving unit;

[0023] The data receiving unit is used to recover the data frame, and after verifying that the recovered discrete data is correct, writes the discrete data into the current status register of the receiving register unit;

[0024] The receive register unit is used to enable the serial-to-parallel conversion unit to read the register value when the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register;

[0025] The serial-to-parallel conversion unit, when enabled, reads the value of the current status register in the receiving register unit and assigns the read register value to each discrete output port. After completing the assignment, it sends a feedback signal to the receiving register unit. The serial-to-parallel conversion unit performs register reading and port assignment operations only after receiving a valid enable signal from the receiving register unit; when the enable signal is invalid, it does not change the port assignment; and during the port assignment process, it is not subject to enable signal control.

[0026] The data receiving unit includes a high-speed serial transceiver and a decryption module.

[0027] The high-speed serial transceiver is used to receive data frames; the decapsulation module is used to decapsulate and decode the data frame, and write the recovered discrete data into the current status register of the receiving register unit after verifying that the discrete data is correct.

[0028] The receive register unit includes: a current status register, a previous status register, and a comparison module; the current status register is used to store the currently received data; the previous status register is used to store the data held in the previous state;

[0029] The comparison module is used to compare the values ​​of two registers and enables the serial-to-parallel conversion unit to read the register value when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different.

[0030] Secondly, a discrete signal transmission method is provided, the method comprising:

[0031] The transmitting end performs high-speed periodic sampling on n parallel discrete signals and stores the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the value in the current status register is read to obtain a data frame. The electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and the optical signal is transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel.

[0032] The optical matrix switching module determines the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and sends the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel.

[0033] The receiver corresponding to the target fiber optic channel converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. After verifying that the recovered discrete data is correct, the discrete data is written into the current status register. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

[0034] The sending end reads the value in the current status register to obtain the data frame, which includes:

[0035] The value in the current status register of the transmit register is read, encoded, and encapsulated to obtain a data frame. The encapsulation process includes encapsulating the synchronization code, checksum, and payload together to form a complete data frame. The synchronization code is used by the receiving end to restore the clock and data from the received data; the checksum is used by the receiving end to verify the correctness of the data transmission. This invention employs a transmission protocol with checksums, improving the reliability of discrete signal transmission and solving the problems of low reliability due to the lack of protocol and checksum in traditional parallel discrete signal transmission.

[0036] Thirdly, a discrete signal transmission system is provided, comprising: a discrete signal source device, a discrete signal transmission device, a system management device, and at least one controlled device, wherein the discrete signal transmission device is connected to the discrete signal source device, the system management device, and the at least one controlled device respectively.

[0037] Discrete signal source equipment is used to send n parallel discrete signals to a discrete signal transmission device;

[0038] The discrete signal transmission device includes any of the discrete signal transmission devices described in the first aspect, used to transmit n parallel discrete signals to a target controlled device in at least one controlled device according to an external control signal sent by a system management device.

[0039] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing discrete quantity transmission methods and solves the following problems:

[0040] 1) Solve the problem of excessive discrete quantity channels, thereby solving the problems of difficulty in expanding discrete quantity channels and difficulty in line redundancy backup;

[0041] 2) Solve the problem of weak anti-interference performance caused by using electrical signal transmission; at the same time, solve the problem of high cost caused by individual shielding of each channel;

[0042] 3) Solve the problems of low reliability caused by the lack of protocol transmission and verification for discrete signals.

[0043] This invention collects and aggregates signals from various discrete channels in real time, packages and encapsulates them according to a specific transmission protocol, and transmits them as serial signals. This enables the transmission of multiple discrete parallel signals through a single channel, thus solving problem 1). The serial electrical signal data is converted into optical signals by a photoelectric conversion module and transmitted through optical fiber in the link. Optical fiber has high anti-interference performance, thus solving problem 2). Furthermore, the data transmission uses a transmission protocol with a checksum to ensure reliability, thus optimizing problem 3). Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a discrete signal transmission method apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a discrete signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of data encapsulation provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0048] This invention provides a discrete signal transmission device; please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 The device includes: a transmitter, an optical matrix switching module, and at least one receiver.

[0049] The transmitter and the optical matrix switching module are connected via an optical fiber channel;

[0050] The optical matrix switching module and each receiver are connected by an optical fiber channel; the optical fiber channels between different receivers and the optical matrix switching module are identified differently; for example, the optical fiber channel between the first receiver and the optical matrix switching module is identified as 1, the optical fiber channel between the second receiver and the optical matrix switching module is identified as 2, the optical fiber channel between the third receiver and the optical matrix switching module is identified as 3, and so on.

[0051] The transmitting end is used to perform high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and store the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the value in the current status register is read, encoded and encapsulated to obtain a data frame; the electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel.

[0052] The optical matrix switching module is used to determine the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and to send the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel.

[0053] The receiver corresponding to the target fiber optic channel is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals, deseal and decode data frames, and write the recovered discrete data into the current status register after verifying that the discrete data is correct. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

[0054] The transmitting end includes: a parallel-to-serial conversion unit, a transmission register unit, a data transmission unit, and a first photoelectric conversion module;

[0055] Specifically, the parallel-to-serial conversion unit has parallel discrete input ports for high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and sending the sampled values ​​to the current status register of the transmitting register unit. 1 ≤ n ≤ m, where m is the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit. The number of parallel discrete signals is less than or equal to the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit, facilitating the expansion to include more discrete signals. Each of the n parallel discrete signals carries the identifier of a parallel discrete input port of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit.

[0056] The transmit register unit includes: a current status register, a previous status register, and a comparison module;

[0057] The current status register stores the currently sampled data; the previous status register stores the sampled data from the previous state. The comparison module compares the values ​​of the two registers and, based on the comparison result, selects whether to enable the data transmission unit to send data. Specifically: when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are the same, the enable signal is invalid; when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the enable signal is valid.

[0058] The data transmission unit includes: an encapsulation module and a high-speed serial transceiver;

[0059] The encapsulation module is used to read the value in the current status register of the transmit register unit when enabled (i.e. when the enable signal is received), and encapsulate and encapsulate it to obtain a data frame; the high-speed serial transceiver is used to send the data frame to the first photoelectric conversion module, and to feed back a status signal to the transmit register unit after the data frame is sent.

[0060] The encapsulation module encapsulates the data read from the current status register, including encapsulating the synchronization code, checksum, and payload together. The synchronization code is used by the data receiving unit to restore the clock and data flow of the received data; the checksum is used by the data receiving unit to verify the correctness of the data transmission. For details on adding the synchronization code and checksum during encapsulation, please refer to relevant documentation; this invention will not elaborate further.

[0061] It should be noted that when the data transmission unit receives the enable signal and is in an idle state, it begins to transmit the current data. After completing the transmission, it sends a feedback signal to the transmission register unit. During the data transmission process, the data transmission unit does not accept enable signal control.

[0062] The first photoelectric conversion module is used to convert electrical signals into optical signals and transmit the optical signals to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel; the optical fiber channel is used for the transmission of optical signals and plays a role in shielding external interference.

[0063] The optical matrix switching module is used to receive external control signals, determine the target optical channel from at least one optical channel according to the optical channel identifier carried in the external control signals, and send the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel; the optical matrix switching module is also used to switch the optical channel according to the external control signals, thereby realizing the switching of the receiving end.

[0064] Each receiver includes: a second photoelectric conversion module, a data receiving unit, a receiving register unit, and a serial-to-parallel conversion unit;

[0065] The second photoelectric conversion module is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals and send the electrical signals to the data receiving unit.

[0066] The data receiving unit includes: a high-speed serial transceiver and a decryption module;

[0067] The high-speed serial transceiver is used to receive data frames; the decapsulation module is used to decapsulate and decode the data frame, and write the recovered discrete data into the current status register of the receiving register unit after verifying that the discrete data is correct.

[0068] The receive register unit includes: a current status register, a previous status register, and a comparison module;

[0069] The current status register stores the currently received data; the previous status register stores the data held in the previous state; the comparison module compares the values ​​of the two registers and selects whether to enable the serial-to-parallel conversion unit to read the register value based on the comparison result. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are the same, the enable signal is invalid; when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the enable signal is valid.

[0070] The serial-to-parallel conversion unit, when enabled, reads the value of the current status register in the receiving register unit and assigns the read register value to each discrete output port. After completing the assignment, it sends a feedback signal to the receiving register unit. Upon receiving the enable signal from the receiving register unit, the serial-to-parallel conversion unit performs register reading and port assignment operations; when the enable signal is invalid, it does not change the port assignment; during the port assignment process, it is not subject to enable signal control.

[0071] This invention provides a discrete signal transmission method, which includes the following steps:

[0072] 1) The transmitting end performs high-speed periodic sampling on n parallel discrete signals and stores the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the current status register value is read, encoded, and encapsulated to obtain a data frame. The electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel.

[0073] 2) The optical matrix switching module determines the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and sends the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel.

[0074] 3) The receiving end corresponding to the target fiber optic channel converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, decapsulates and decodes the data frame, and writes the recovered discrete data into the current status register after verifying that it is correct. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

[0075] This invention also provides another discrete signal transmission method, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 The method includes the following steps:

[0076] Step 10: The parallel-to-serial conversion unit performs high-speed periodic sampling on the n parallel discrete signals and sends the sampled values ​​to the current status register of the transmitting register unit.

[0077] At the transmitting end, the n parallel discrete signals are periodically sampled at high speed by the parallel-to-serial conversion unit and stored in the current status register of the transmitting register unit. 1≤n≤m, where m is the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit. The number of parallel discrete signals is less than or equal to the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit, which facilitates the expansion of more discrete signals into the system.

[0078] Each of the n parallel discrete signals carries the identifier of the parallel discrete input port of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit.

[0079] Step 20: The comparison module of the transmit register unit compares the value in the current status register with the value in the previous status register, and determines whether to enable the data transmission unit to transmit data based on the comparison result.

[0080] Specifically, the comparison module of the transmit register unit compares the value in the current status register with the value in the previous status register. If the value in the current status register is the same as the value in the previous status register, the enable signal is disabled; if the value in the current status register is different from the value in the previous status register, the enable signal is enabled.

[0081] Step 30: When the data transmission unit's encapsulation module receives an effective enable signal, it reads the value in the current status register of the transmission register unit, encodes and encapsulates it to obtain a data frame; the high-speed serial transceiver sends the data frame to the first photoelectric conversion module, and after completing the transmission of the data frame, it sends a feedback status signal to the transmission register unit.

[0082] When the data transmission unit receives an enable signal and is in an idle state, it begins transmitting the current data. After completing the transmission, it sends a feedback signal to the transmission register unit. During the data transmission process, the data transmission unit does not accept enable signal control.

[0083] In step 30, the process of the encapsulation module encapsulating the value read from the current status register includes: encapsulating the synchronization code, check code and payload together to form a complete data frame.

[0084] In this invention, to avoid data frames containing consecutive "0"s or consecutive "1"s, the data sending unit or data receiving unit can scramble and encode n bits of data and then transmit them through a high-speed serial transceiver interface.

[0085] Step 40: The first photoelectric conversion module converts the electrical signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel.

[0086] Fiber optic channels are used for the transmission of optical signals and serve to shield against external interference.

[0087] Step 50: The optical matrix switching module receives an external control signal, determines the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the external control signal, and sends the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel.

[0088] The external control signal can carry one or more fiber channel identifiers. When the external control signal carries one fiber channel identifier, the optical matrix switching module determines one target fiber channel; when the external control signal carries multiple fiber channel identifiers, the optical matrix switching module determines multiple target fiber channels. When there are multiple target fiber channels, the data content transmitted by the multiple target fiber channels is consistent. Of course, the data content transmitted by the multiple target fiber channels can also be made inconsistent according to actual needs.

[0089] In this invention, the optical matrix switching module can select the corresponding output optical fiber channel according to the external control signal and send it to the second photoelectric conversion module at the receiving end.

[0090] For example, if there are two receivers, and the fiber optic channel between the first receiver and the optical matrix switching module is identified as 1, and the fiber optic channel between the second receiver and the optical matrix switching module is identified as 2, then when the fiber optic channel identification carried by the external control signal is 1, the optical matrix switching module determines the target fiber optic channel as the fiber optic channel between the first receiver and the optical matrix switching module; when the fiber optic channel identification carried by the external control signal is 2, the optical matrix switching module determines the target fiber optic channel as the fiber optic channel between the second receiver and the optical matrix switching module; when the fiber optic channel identification carried by the external control signal is both 1 and 2, the optical matrix switching module determines the target fiber optic channel as both the fiber optic channel between the first receiver and the optical matrix switching module and the fiber optic channel between the second receiver and the optical matrix switching module.

[0091] Furthermore, the present invention also includes: an optical matrix switching module changing the target optical fiber channel according to an external control signal to achieve optical fiber channel switching. For example, if the optical fiber channel identifier carried by the external control signal is 1 this time, and the optical fiber channel identifier carried by the external control signal is 2 next time, then the optical matrix switching module will switch the optical fiber channel between the first receiver and the optical matrix switching module to the optical fiber channel between the second receiver and the optical matrix switching module, and transmit data on the optical fiber channel between the second receiver and the optical matrix switching module.

[0092] Step 60: The second photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and sends the electrical signal to the data receiving unit.

[0093] At the receiving end, the second photoelectric conversion module converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and sends it to the data receiving unit.

[0094] Step 70: The high-speed serial transceiver of the data receiving unit receives the data frame. The decapsulation module of the data receiving unit decapsulates and decodes the data frame, and writes the recovered discrete data into the current status register of the receiving register unit after verifying that the discrete data is correct.

[0095] Step 80: The comparison module of the receiving register unit compares the value in the current status register with the value in the previous status register, and determines whether to enable the serial-to-parallel conversion unit to read the register value based on the comparison result.

[0096] If the current status register has the same value as the previous status register, the enable signal is disabled; if the current status register has a different value than the previous status register, the enable signal is enabled.

[0097] Step 90: When the serial-to-parallel conversion unit receives the enable signal, it reads the value in the current status register of the receiving register unit and assigns the read register value to each discrete output port. After completing the assignment, it sends a feedback signal to the receiving register unit.

[0098] After receiving the enable signal from the receive register unit, the serial-to-parallel conversion unit performs register reading and port assignment operations based on the parallel discrete input port identifier of the serial-to-parallel conversion unit carried by each parallel discrete input signal. When the enable signal is invalid, the port assignment is not changed. During the port assignment process, the unit does not accept enable signal control.

[0099] For example, at the transmitting end, the parallel-to-serial conversion unit performs high-speed periodic sampling on three parallel discrete signals. The number of parallel discrete input ports (m) of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit is four. The first parallel discrete signal is input to the parallel-to-serial conversion unit through the first parallel discrete input port, the second parallel discrete signal through the second parallel discrete input port, and the third parallel discrete signal through the third parallel discrete input port. Similarly, at the receiving end, the first parallel discrete signal is output to the controlled device 1 through the first parallel discrete output port of the serial-to-parallel conversion unit; the second parallel discrete signal is output to the controlled device 1 through the second parallel discrete output port of the serial-to-parallel conversion unit; and the third parallel discrete signal is output to the controlled device 1 through the third parallel discrete output port of the serial-to-parallel conversion unit.

[0100] This invention also provides a discrete signal transmission system; please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The system includes: a discrete signal source device, a discrete signal transmission device, a system management device, and at least one controlled device.

[0101] The discrete signal transmission device is connected to the discrete signal source device, the system management device, and at least one controlled device, respectively.

[0102] The discrete signal source device is used to send n parallel discrete signals to the discrete signal transmission device; for example, the discrete signal can be a high or low level signal output from the unit's I / O port, or a high or low level signal from a DIP switch or button;

[0103] A discrete signal transmission device is used to transmit n parallel discrete signals to a target controlled device among at least one controlled device, based on external control signals sent by a system management device. The target controlled device can be one or more. For example, the system management device sending the external control signals can be a CPU host.

[0104] The discrete signal transmission device includes: a transmitter, an optical matrix switching module, and at least one receiver.

[0105] The transmitting end is used to perform high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and store the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the value in the current status register is read, encoded, and encapsulated to obtain a data frame; the electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and the optical signal is transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel;

[0106] The optical matrix switching module is used to determine the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and to send the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel.

[0107] The receiver corresponding to the target fiber optic channel is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals, deseal and decode data frames, and write the recovered discrete data into the current status register after verifying that the discrete data is correct. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

[0108] For example, the controlled device can be a radio frequency antenna switch, a relay switch, etc.

[0109] For example, see Figure 1 In the discrete signal transmission device, the parallel-to-serial conversion unit, the transmission register unit, and the data transmission unit at the transmitting end are implemented by FPGA1. The data receiving unit, the receiving register unit, and the serial-to-parallel conversion unit at the receiving end are implemented by FPGA2 or FPGA3. Figure 1Taking 32 discrete signal input channels as an example, the 32 parallel discrete signals are sampled at high speed by a parallel-to-serial conversion unit. To avoid glitches, multiple-period sampling and XORing are used, and the sampled values ​​are stored in the current status register R of the transmitting register unit. N R N The register width can be set according to the number of discrete signals; in this example, it is 32 bits. The transmit register unit compares the current status register R with the comparison module. N With the previous status register R Q If the values ​​in the registers are the same, the enable signal is disabled; if they are different, the enable signal is enabled. When the data transmission unit's encapsulation module receives the enable signal, it reads the transmission register R. N The value in the register is encoded and encapsulated. Encapsulation includes encapsulating the synchronization code, checksum, and payload together to form a complete data frame. The frame format is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. To avoid data frames containing consecutive "0"s or consecutive "1"s, the data transmitting or receiving unit scrambles and encodes the n-bit data (e.g., 8b / 10b, 64b / b66b encoding) before transmitting it via a high-speed serial transceiver (e.g., an FPGA high-speed transceiver SERDES). After transmission, a feedback signal is sent to the transmit register unit. During a single transmission, the data transmitting unit is not controlled by the enable signal; it only accepts the enable signal again after sending the feedback signal to the transmit register unit. The first photoelectric conversion module converts the electrical signal into an optical signal and transmits the optical signal to the optical matrix switching module via an optical fiber channel.

[0110] The optical matrix switching module selects the appropriate output optical fiber channel based on the external control signal sent by the network cable or serial port cable, and sends it to the second photoelectric conversion module at the receiving end.

[0111] The second photoelectric conversion module at the receiving end converts the optical signal into an electrical signal and sends it to the data receiving unit. The data receiving unit receives data frames through a high-speed serial transceiver (such as an FPGA high-speed transceiver SERDES), and completes the clock recovery, decoding, and decapsulation of the data frames through the decapsulation module to recover the discrete data. It then verifies the discrete data based on a checksum; parity checking or cyclic redundancy check can be selected as needed. After verification, the data is written to the current status register of the receiving register unit. The receiving register unit compares the current status register R... N With the previous status register R Q If the values ​​in the registers are the same, the enable signal is invalidated; if they are different, the enable signal is enabled and sent to the serial-to-parallel conversion unit. When the serial-to-parallel conversion unit receives the enable signal, it reads the receive register R. NThe serial-to-parallel converter reads the value from the register and assigns it to each discrete output port. After the assignment is complete, it sends a feedback signal to the receiving register unit. During the process of reading the register and assigning the port value, the serial-to-parallel converter is not controlled by the enable signal. It only accepts the enable signal again after sending the feedback signal to the receiving register unit. The serial-to-parallel converter outputs the discrete quantities to the controlled device, which then performs the corresponding operations based on the discrete quantity information.

[0112] In summary, this invention provides a method, apparatus, and system for serial transmission of parallel discrete signals. This invention collects and aggregates signals from various discrete channels in real time, packages and encapsulates them according to a specific transmission protocol, and transmits them as serial signals. This enables the transmission of multiple discrete parallel signals through a single channel, solving the problems of large physical cable counts, difficulty in expanding and adding discrete channels, and inconvenience in line redundancy backup caused by the large number of traditional parallel discrete channels. The serial electrical signal data is converted into optical signals by a photoelectric conversion module and transmitted through optical fiber in the link. This solves the problems of weak anti-interference performance, individual shielding of each channel, and high cost associated with traditional discrete signal transmission using dedicated hardware lines. Furthermore, the data transmission in this invention uses a transmission protocol with a checksum, improving the reliability of discrete signal transmission and solving the problems of low reliability due to the lack of protocol and checksum in traditional parallel discrete signal transmission.

[0113] The above description merely illustrates the embodiments of this application, and while the description is quite specific and detailed, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A discrete signal transmission device, characterized in that, The device includes: a transmitter, an optical matrix switching module, and at least one receiver. The transmitter and the optical matrix switching module are connected by an optical fiber channel; the optical matrix switching module and each receiver are connected by an optical fiber channel; the optical fiber channels between different receivers and the optical matrix switching module are identified differently. The transmitting end is used to perform high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and store the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the value in the current status register is read to obtain a data frame; the electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and the optical signal is transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel; The optical matrix switching module is used to determine the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and to send the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel. The receiver corresponding to the target fiber optic channel is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals. After the recovered discrete data is verified to be correct, the discrete data is written into the current status register. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sending end includes: The system comprises a parallel-to-serial conversion unit, a transmission register unit, a data transmission unit, and a first photoelectric conversion module. The parallel-to-serial conversion unit has parallel discrete input ports, which are used to perform high-speed periodic sampling of n parallel discrete signals and send the sampled values ​​to the current status register of the transmitting register unit, 1≤n≤m, where m is the number of parallel discrete input ports of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit, and each parallel discrete signal carries the identifier of the parallel discrete input port of the parallel-to-serial conversion unit. The transmit register unit is used to enable the data transmit unit to transmit data when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different. The data transmission unit is used to read the value in the current status register of the transmission register unit when enabled, to obtain a data frame; to send the data frame to the first photoelectric conversion module, and to feed back a status signal to the transmission register unit after the data frame transmission is completed. The first photoelectric conversion module is used to convert electrical signals into optical signals and transmit the optical signals to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmit register unit includes: a current status register, a previous status register, and a comparison module; the current status register is used to store the current sampled data; the previous status register is used to store the sampled data of the previous state; The comparison module is used to compare the values ​​of two registers and enables the data transmission unit to send data when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The data transmission unit includes: an encapsulation module and a high-speed serial transceiver; The encapsulation module is used to read the value in the current status register of the transmit register unit when enabled, and encode and encapsulate it to obtain a data frame; The high-speed serial transceiver is used to send the data frame to the first photoelectric conversion module and to send a status signal back to the transmission register unit after the data frame transmission is completed.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each receiver includes: a second photoelectric conversion module, a data receiving unit, a receiving register unit, and a serial-to-parallel conversion unit; The second photoelectric conversion module is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals and send the electrical signals to the data receiving unit; The data receiving unit is used to recover the data frame, and after verifying that the recovered discrete data is correct, writes the discrete data into the current status register of the receiving register unit; The receive register unit is used to enable the serial-to-parallel conversion unit to read the register value when the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register; The serial-to-parallel conversion unit is used to read the value of the current status register in the receiving register unit when enabled, and assign the read register value to each discrete output port. After the assignment is completed, a feedback signal is sent to the receiving register unit.

6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data receiving unit includes: a high-speed serial transceiver and a decryption module; The high-speed serial transceiver is used to receive data frames; the decapsulation module is used to decapsulate and decode the data frame, and write the recovered discrete data into the current status register of the receiving register unit after verifying that the discrete data is correct.

7. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that, The receive register unit includes: a current status register, a previous status register, and a comparison module; the current status register is used to store the currently received data; the previous status register is used to store the data held in the previous state; The comparison module is used to compare the values ​​of two registers and enables the serial-to-parallel conversion unit to read the register value when the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different.

8. A discrete signal transmission method, characterized in that, The method includes: The transmitting end performs high-speed periodic sampling on n parallel discrete signals and stores the sampled values ​​in the current status register. When the values ​​in the current status register and the previous status register are different, the value in the current status register is read to obtain a data frame. The electrical signal is converted into an optical signal and the optical signal is transmitted to the optical matrix switching module through the optical fiber channel. The optical matrix switching module determines the target optical channel from at least one optical channel based on the optical channel identifier carried in the received external control signal, and sends the optical signal to the receiving end corresponding to the target optical channel through the target optical channel. The receiver corresponding to the target fiber optic channel converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. After verifying that the recovered discrete data is correct, the discrete data is written into the current status register. When the value in the current status register is different from that in the previous status register, the value of the current status register is read, and the read register value is assigned to each discrete output port and output to the controlled device.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sending end reads the value in the current status register to obtain the data frame, which includes: The value in the current status register of the transmit register is read, encoded, and encapsulated to obtain a data frame. The encapsulation process includes encapsulating the synchronization code, check code, and payload together to form a complete data frame. The synchronization code is used by the receiver to perform clock and data recovery operations on the received data; the check code is used by the receiver to perform data transmission correctness verification operations on the received data.

10. A discrete signal transmission system, characterized in that, The system includes: a discrete signal source device, a discrete signal transmission device, a system management device, and at least one controlled device. The discrete signal transmission device is connected to the discrete signal source device, the system management device, and at least one controlled device. Discrete signal source equipment is used to send n parallel discrete signals to a discrete signal transmission device; The discrete signal transmission device includes the discrete signal transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, used to transmit n parallel discrete signals to a target controlled device in at least one controlled device according to an external control signal sent by a system management device.

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