A hub motor vehicle compound brake device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wheel hub motor vehicle composite brake devices, including wheel hub motor, friction brake disc, electromagnetic brake disc, brake caliper body, power generation stator coil, permanent magnet and electromagnetic assembly.The application meets the requirement of different braking modes to brake disc material and performance, simultaneously integrates wheel hub motor regenerative braking, electromagnetic braking and friction braking three braking modes to meet different braking demands, under the premise of guaranteeing braking safety, preferentially using wheel hub motor regenerative braking, when regenerative braking torque cannot meet braking demand, electromagnetic braking or friction braking participates braking, to make vehicle decelerate or stop in the fastest time response, shortest braking distance.Simultaneously, the electric energy required by electromagnetic braking is provided by self power generation device, thereby realizing the purpose of electromagnetic braking energy self supply, solves the energy consumption problem brought by electromagnetic braking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vehicle braking technology, and in particular to a hub motor-driven vehicle combined braking device. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicles have the outstanding advantage of zero emissions during operation, thus attracting the attention of automotive scientists worldwide. In-wheel motor electric vehicles integrate the powertrain, transmission, and braking systems within the wheel hub. Compared to traditional centralized drive electric vehicles, they offer advantages such as simplified vehicle structure, reduced mechanical losses, improved efficiency, and easier complex control, making them a key area for future electric vehicle development.

[0003] The braking system is an important component of the automobile chassis. Traditional braking systems include hydraulic and pneumatic braking systems, which have shortcomings such as complex pipeline layout, reliance on vacuum boosters, slow braking response, inability to actively adjust braking torque, and difficulty in integrating with other systems for control. They are not suitable for the development requirements of integrated control of automobile chassis, especially electric vehicles.

[0004] When a vehicle brakes continuously for a long time, under high intensity, or frequently, the temperature of the brake disc or brake drum will rise significantly, causing a decrease in the coefficient of friction, increased wear, and a dangerous phenomenon called thermal fade, which results in partial or even complete loss of braking performance. Although the application of systems such as anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and electronic brake-force distribution systems (EBD) improves the stability and reliability of vehicle braking, they have little effect on the thermal fade phenomenon of brakes.

[0005] The dual-disc electromagnetic-friction hub motor vehicle composite braking device based on a hub motor combines the functions and advantages of regenerative braking, electromagnetic braking, and friction braking systems. It can be installed on the inner side of all wheels, offering advantages such as small size, high integration, ease of installation, and flexible control. However, integrated devices combining regenerative braking, electromagnetic braking, and friction braking are still relatively rare. Currently, the closest related technology to this invention patent is the invention patent "A Composite Anti-lock Braking System and Braking Control Method for Electric Vehicles" with authorization announcement number "CN104648164B". However, the friction braking device uses a band brake, which exerts significant bending force on the brake drum, resulting in uneven pressure, poor heat dissipation, and uneven material wear. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a hub motor vehicle composite braking device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A hub motor-driven vehicle composite braking device includes a planetary gear mechanism disposed inside the tire and the hub. The planetary gear mechanism includes an electromagnetic brake disc, planetary gears, a ring gear, and a sun gear. The electromagnetic brake disc is fixedly connected to the hub via a nut. A half-shaft is disposed in the middle of the hub. A hub motor stator is rotatably connected to one end of the half-shaft via a first bearing, and a hub motor housing is rotatably connected to the other end of the half-shaft via a second bearing. The ring gear is fixedly disposed inside the hub motor housing. An electromagnet core mounting bracket is also disposed on one side of the ring gear inside the hub motor housing. An electromagnet core and an electromagnetic coil are arranged on the inner side of the electromagnet core mounting bracket. One end of the electromagnetic brake disc is arranged on the inner side of the electromagnet core and the electromagnetic coil. A hub motor rotor is arranged between the hub motor housing and the hub motor stator. A stator winding, a stator core, and a permanent magnet are arranged between the outer side of the hub motor rotor and the hub motor stator. A self-generating mechanism is arranged between the inner side of the hub motor rotor and the hub motor stator. A disc brake is fixedly arranged on the circumference of one end of the half shaft. The disc brake includes a brake motor, a brake caliper, a lead screw, a nut, a friction block, and a friction brake disc.

[0009] Preferably, the planetary gears are provided in four sets, the four sets of planetary gears are fixedly connected to the electromagnetic brake disc, the four sets of planetary gears mesh internally with the gear ring and externally with the sun gear, and the sun gear is movably connected to the half shaft through a rolling bearing.

[0010] Preferably, the self-generating function mechanism includes a generating stator coil and a permanent magnet, wherein the generating stator coil is fixedly connected to the inner side of the stator of the hub motor, and the permanent magnet is fixedly connected to the rotor of the hub motor.

[0011] Preferably, power electronic components are disposed on the circumference of the half-shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the electromagnetic brake disc is a high-strength alloy material brake disc, and the inner surface of the electromagnetic brake disc is provided with a copper-clad layer, the thickness of which is set to 0.8-1.2mm.

[0013] Preferably, the brake caliper body is movably connected to the axle via a sliding pin, the brake motor is fixedly connected to the surface of the brake caliper body, the output end of the brake motor is connected to the lead screw, the lead screw is rotatably disposed within the brake caliper body, the second nut is threadedly connected to the lead screw, the other side of the second nut is fixedly connected to a friction block, the friction block is disposed on the inner surface of the brake caliper body, and one end of the friction brake disc is disposed on the inner side of the friction block.

[0014] Preferably, the device also includes an electromagnetic braking assembly, which includes a copper-clad layer connecting bracket, a second copper-clad layer, and an electromagnetic coil assembly. The electromagnetic coil assembly is disposed on the outer surface of the hub motor stator, the copper-clad layer connecting bracket is disposed on the composite brake disc, the second copper-clad layer is fixedly disposed on the copper-clad layer connecting bracket, and the electromagnetic coil assembly includes an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnet core.

[0015] Preferably, the copper-clad layer connecting bracket is a high-strength alloy material bracket, and the thickness of the second copper-clad layer is set to 0.8-1.2mm.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following main beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This invention integrates the functions and advantages of electromagnetic braking and wire-controlled friction braking systems. It utilizes non-contact electromagnetic braking to distribute braking energy, thereby reducing the wear of friction brakes and improving the heat fade resistance of vehicle brakes.

[0018] 2. The present invention adopts a distributed layout method, which eliminates the traditional hydraulic or pneumatic pipelines. The integrated braking device is independently installed in the wheel hub, which is relatively easy to arrange and requires less modification to the original automotive system structure.

[0019] 3. The hub motor vehicle composite braking device of the present invention can use a hub motor, and the electromagnetic braking torque and friction braking torque can be controlled together to give full play to the role of electromagnetic braking. It has the advantages of high integration, easy layout and suitability for high-quality integrated control.

[0020] 4. The wheel hub motor vehicle composite braking device of the present invention adopts a wheel hub motor. The wheel hub motor can eliminate a large number of transmission components, making the vehicle structure simpler. At the same time, it can realize a variety of complex driving modes.

[0021] 5. The self-generating mechanism of the present invention can provide electrical energy for electromagnetic braking, thereby achieving the purpose of self-supply of electromagnetic braking energy and solving the energy consumption problem caused by electromagnetic braking. At the same time, the self-generating mechanism will also generate a certain braking resistance on the composite brake disc.

[0022] 6. The in-wheel motor vehicle composite braking device of the present invention adopts a composite structure of three braking methods, giving full play to the advantages of each braking system, making full use of its advantages of fast response and no contact friction, improving the reaction speed of the braking system, reducing braking time, improving braking efficiency and braking safety, and extending the service life of the brake while also increasing the vehicle's driving range. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the hub motor vehicle composite braking device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hub motor vehicle composite braking device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the self-generating function mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the friction brake disc portion of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the hub motor vehicle composite braking device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Wheel; 2. Hub motor vehicle composite braking device; 3. Tire; 4. Hub; 5. Electromagnetic core mounting bracket; 6. Electromagnetic core; 7. Electromagnetic coil; 8. Electromagnetic brake disc; 9. Nut 1; 10. Sun gear; 11. Planetary gears; 12. Copper cladding layer 1; 13. Gear ring; 14. Hub motor housing; 15. Hub motor rotor; 16. Permanent magnet; 17. Stator winding; 18. Stator core; 19. Hub 20. Motor stator; 21. Permanent magnet; 22. Generator stator coil; 22. Brake caliper body; 22-1. Brake motor; 22-2. Nut II; 22-3. Lead screw; 23. Friction block; 24. Friction brake disc; 25. Power electronic component; 26. Half shaft; 27. First bearing; 28. Second bearing; 29. ​​Planetary carrier; 30. Composite brake disc; 31. Copper-clad connecting bracket; 32. Copper-clad layer II; 33. Electromagnetic coil assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0031] A hub motor vehicle composite braking device includes a hub motor, a composite brake disc, a brake caliper, a generator stator coil, a permanent magnet, an electromagnetic component, etc.

[0032] See Figure 1The hub motor vehicle composite braking device 2 adopts a distributed arrangement and is independently installed on the inner side of each wheel 1 hub. The braking torque of each hub motor vehicle composite braking device 2 can be adjusted independently, and the hydraulic or pneumatic pipelines of the traditional braking system are eliminated.

[0033] refer to Figure 2-5 A hub motor vehicle composite braking device includes a planetary gear mechanism disposed inside a tire 3 and a hub 4. The planetary gear mechanism includes an electromagnetic brake disc 8, planetary gears 11, a ring gear 13, and a sun gear 10. The electromagnetic brake disc 8 is fixedly connected to the hub 4 via a nut 9. A half-shaft 26 is disposed in the middle of the hub 4. A hub motor stator 19 is rotatably connected to one end of the half-shaft 26 via a first bearing 27. A hub motor housing 14 is rotatably connected to one end of the half-shaft 26 via a second bearing 28. The ring gear 13 is fixedly disposed inside the hub motor housing 14. An electromagnet core mounting bracket 5 is also disposed on the inner side of the hub motor housing 14, located on one side of the ring gear 13. An electromagnet core 6 and an electromagnetic coil 7 are provided on the inner side of the mounting bracket 5. One end of the electromagnetic brake disc 8 is located on the inner side of the electromagnet core 6 and the electromagnetic coil 7. A hub motor rotor 15 is provided between the hub motor housing 14 and the hub motor stator 19. A stator winding 17, a stator core 18, and a permanent magnet 16 are provided between the hub motor rotor 15 and the outer side of the hub motor stator 19. A self-generating mechanism is provided between the hub motor rotor 15 and the inner side of the hub motor stator 19. A disc brake is fixedly provided on the circumference of one end of the half shaft 26. The disc brake includes a brake motor 22-1, a brake caliper 22, a lead screw 22-3, a nut 22-2, a friction block 23, and a friction brake disc 24.

[0034] refer to Figure 2 The planetary gears 11 are provided in four sets. The four sets of planetary gears 11 are fixedly connected to the electromagnetic brake disc 8. The four sets of planetary gears 11 are internally meshed with the gear ring 13 and externally meshed with the sun gear 10. The sun gear 10 is movably connected to the half shaft 26 through rolling bearings. When the hub motor rotor 15 drives the axle to rotate, it drives the sun gear 10 to rotate through the planetary gears, and then the sun gear 10 drives the planetary gears 11 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of deceleration and torque increase and driving the wheel 1 to rotate.

[0035] refer to Figure 2The self-generating mechanism includes a generating stator coil 21 and a permanent magnet 20. The generating stator coil 21 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the hub motor stator 19, and the permanent magnet 20 is fixedly connected to the hub motor rotor 15. The permanent magnet 20 has alternating magnetic poles and a gap of 1 to 2 millimeters with the generating stator coil 21. When the electromagnetic braking assembly needs to work, the generating stator coil 21 is energized, and the hub motor rotor 15 drives the permanent magnet 20 to rotate, generating electricity and producing current. The generated current is rectified and provides excitation current to the electromagnetic coil 7 assembly, thereby achieving the purpose of self-supply of electromagnetic braking energy.

[0036] Power electronic components 25 are arranged on the circumference of the half-shaft 26.

[0037] refer to Figure 2 The electromagnetic brake disc 8 is a high-strength alloy material brake disc, and the inner surface of the electromagnetic brake disc 8 is provided with a copper-clad layer 12, the thickness of which is 0.8-1.2mm.

[0038] A heat-insulating pad is installed between the electromagnetic coil 7, the electromagnetic core 6, and the electromagnetic core mounting bracket 5 to reduce the heat generated by the electromagnetic braking from being transferred to the hub motor housing 14, thus preventing any impact on the hub motor. The electromagnetic braking assembly generates an auxiliary braking torque through the relative movement of the electromagnetic brake disc 8 and the electromagnetic coil 7. The copper-clad layer 12 works in conjunction with other components of the electromagnetic coil 7 to provide electromagnetic braking torque. The electromagnetic coil 7 assembly is arranged circumferentially between the electromagnetic brake disc 8 and the hub motor. In the electromagnetic braking assembly, the electromagnetic coil 7 and the electromagnetic core 6 are fixed components, while the electromagnetic brake disc 8 is a rotatable component. When the electromagnetic braking assembly is working, the electromagnetic brake disc 8 rotates with the half-shaft 26 under the drive of the hub motor rotor 15. The electromagnetic brake disc 8 interacts with the magnetic lines of force of the electromagnetic coil 7 to generate a motion that cuts the magnetic lines of force. The electromagnetic brake disc 8 will experience a resistance that hinders its movement, thereby generating an electromagnetic braking torque.

[0039] refer to Figure 4The brake caliper body 22 is movably connected to the axle via a sliding pin. The brake motor 22-1 is fixedly connected to the surface of the brake caliper body 22. The output end of the brake motor 22-1 is connected to the lead screw 22-3. The lead screw 22-3 is rotatably disposed within the brake caliper body 22. The nut 22-2 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 22-3. The other side of the nut 22-2 is fixedly connected to a friction block 23. The friction block 23 is disposed on the inner surface of the brake caliper body 22. One end of the friction brake disc 24 is disposed on the friction block. Inside 23; the brake motor 22-1 is a DC motor or a stepper motor. The screw 22-3 and nut 22-2 mechanism is used to reduce and increase the output torque of the brake motor 22-1, and to convert the rotational motion of the output shaft of the brake motor 22-1 into the linear movement of the nut 22-2 and the brake friction block 23. When the friction braking assembly is working, the brake motor 22-1 receives the command from the brake control unit and works by pushing the two brake friction blocks 23 to press against or move away from the friction brake disc 24 through the screw 22-3 and nut 22-2 mechanism, thereby realizing the control of the friction braking torque.

[0040] The hub motor includes a stator winding 17, a stator core 18, a permanent magnet 16, bearings, a hub motor rotor 15, a hub motor stator 19, and a hub motor housing 14. The hub motor controls the movement or stopping of the vehicle by adjusting the drive of the hub. The hub motor has a cooling channel inside, which can dissipate the heat inside the motor to prevent the permanent magnet 16 inside the hub motor from demagnetizing due to overheating. In addition, the hub motor can recover braking energy through regenerative braking, improving energy utilization efficiency and increasing the vehicle's driving range.

[0041] The device also includes an electromagnetic braking assembly, which includes a copper-clad layer connecting bracket 31, a second copper-clad layer 32, and an electromagnetic coil assembly 33. The electromagnetic coil assembly 33 is disposed on the outer surface of the hub motor stator 19. The copper-clad layer connecting bracket 31 is disposed on the composite brake disc 30. The second copper-clad layer 32 is fixedly disposed on the copper-clad layer connecting bracket 31. The electromagnetic coil assembly 33 includes an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnet core.

[0042] The copper-clad layer connecting bracket 31 is made of high-strength alloy material, and the thickness of the copper-clad layer 32 is set to 0.8-1.2mm.

[0043] In this invention, when the vehicle brakes, different braking methods can be adopted according to the different braking needs of the vehicle. Under the premise of ensuring braking safety, the vehicle can decelerate or stop in the shortest time and with the shortest braking distance. In emergency braking, the vehicle can use friction braking alone or friction braking and electromagnetic braking in coordination to decelerate or stop the vehicle. When electromagnetic braking is involved, the generator stator coil 21 is energized, the hub motor rotor 15 drives the permanent magnet 20 to rotate, the self-generating energy mechanism generates electricity and produces current, providing excitation current to the electromagnetic components. Electromagnetic braking participates in the braking work. The electromagnetic brake disc 8 interacts with the magnetic lines of force of the electromagnetic coil 7 to generate a cutting motion of magnetic field lines. The electromagnetic brake disc 8 will be subject to a resistance that hinders its movement, thereby generating electromagnetic braking torque. Under the premise of ensuring braking safety, if regenerative braking can be used, electromagnetic braking, friction braking and regenerative braking work in coordination to decelerate or stop the vehicle. When regenerative braking recovers energy, the hub motor acts as a generator to recover and store a portion of the braking energy, increasing the vehicle's driving range. During non-emergency braking, the composite braking system can make reasonable braking adjustments based on the vehicle speed sensor, braking demand, and driver braking intention. When regenerative braking is required, the vehicle can use electromagnetic braking and regenerative braking in coordination, electromagnetic braking, friction braking, and regenerative braking in coordination, or only regenerative braking. When regenerative braking is not performed, the vehicle can use electromagnetic braking and friction braking in coordination, or only friction braking. Because the braking torque generated by regenerative braking and electromagnetic braking is very small at low speeds, friction braking is required to stop the vehicle when it stops at low speeds. The advantage of electromagnetic braking is that the braking effect is better at higher speeds. When the vehicle is running at high speeds, electromagnetic braking can quickly respond to braking and reduce the speed, while also playing a good role in slowing down the vehicle. Electromagnetic braking makes full use of its advantages of fast response and non-contact friction, thereby distributing some braking energy, reducing wear on friction brakes, extending their service life, and improving the thermal fade resistance of friction brakes.

[0044] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A wheel-hub-motor vehicle compound braking apparatus, characterized by: The application relates to a wheel hub motor and disc brake integrated tire, which comprises a planetary gear mechanism arranged inside a tire (3) and a wheel hub (4), the planetary gear mechanism comprising an electromagnetic brake disc (8), a planetary wheel (11), a gear ring (13) and a sun wheel (10), the electromagnetic brake disc (8) being fixedly connected with the wheel hub (4) through a nut (9), a half shaft (26) being arranged at the middle position of the wheel hub (4), a wheel hub motor stator (19) being rotatably connected with the half shaft (26) through a first bearing (27) at one end of the half shaft (26), a wheel hub motor shell (14) being rotatably connected with the half shaft (26) through a second bearing (28) at one end of the half shaft (26), the gear ring (13) being fixedly arranged at the inner side of the wheel hub motor shell (14), an electromagnetic core mounting bracket (5) being further arranged at one side of the inner side of the wheel hub motor shell (14) and located at one side of the gear ring (13), an electromagnetic core (6) and an electromagnetic coil (7) being arranged at the inner side of the electromagnetic core mounting bracket (5), one end of the electromagnetic brake disc (8) being arranged at the inner side of the electromagnetic core (6) and the electromagnetic coil (7), a wheel hub motor rotor (15) being arranged between the wheel hub motor shell (14) and the wheel hub motor stator (19), a stator winding (17), a stator core (18) and a permanent magnet (16) being arranged between the outer side of the wheel hub motor stator (19) and the wheel hub motor rotor (15), a self-power generation function mechanism being arranged between the inner side of the wheel hub motor stator (19) and the wheel hub motor rotor (15), a disc brake being fixedly arranged at one end of the half shaft (26), the disc brake comprising a brake motor (22-1), a brake caliper body (22), a screw rod (22-3), a nut (22-2), a friction block (23) and a friction brake disc (24). The self-power generation function mechanism comprises a power generation stator coil (21) and a permanent magnet (20), the power generation stator coil (21) being fixedly connected with the inner side of the wheel hub motor stator (19), and the permanent magnet (20) being fixedly connected with the wheel hub motor rotor (15). The electromagnetic brake disc (8) is made of high-strength alloy material, and a copper layer (12) is arranged on the inner surface of the electromagnetic brake disc (8), the thickness of the copper layer (12) being 0.8-1.2 mm. The brake caliper body (22) is movably connected with an axle through a sliding pin, the surface of the brake motor (22-1) is fixedly connected with the brake caliper body (22), the output end of the brake motor (22-1) is connected with the screw rod (22-3), the screw rod (22-3) is rotatably arranged in the brake caliper body (22), the nut (22-2) is threadedly connected with the screw rod (22-3), the other side of the nut (22-2) is fixedly connected with one friction block (23), the friction block (23) is arranged on the inner surface of the brake caliper body (22), and one end of the friction brake disc (24) is arranged at the inner side of the friction block (23).

2. The hybrid brake apparatus for an in-wheel motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The planetary gears (11) are provided with four groups, the four groups of planetary gears (11) are fixedly connected with the electromagnetic brake disc (8), the four groups of planetary gears (11) are internally meshed with the gear ring (13) and are externally meshed with the sun gear (10), the sun gear (10) is movably connected with the half shaft (26) rolling bearing.

3. The hybrid brake apparatus for an in-wheel motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: The circumference of the half shaft (26) is provided with power electronic elements (25).

4. The hybrid brake apparatus for an in-wheel motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized by: Further comprising an electromagnetic brake assembly, the electromagnetic brake assembly comprises a copper clad layer connecting support (31), a copper clad layer two (32) and an electromagnetic coil assembly (33), the electromagnetic coil assembly (33) is arranged on the outer surface of the wheel hub motor stator (19), the copper clad layer connecting support (31) is arranged on the composite brake disc (30), the copper clad layer two (32) is fixedly arranged on the copper clad layer connecting support (31), the electromagnetic coil assembly (33) comprises an electromagnetic coil and an electromagnetic core.

5. The hybrid brake apparatus for an in-wheel motor vehicle according to claim 4, characterized by: The copper clad layer connecting support (31) is arranged as a high-strength alloy material support, and the thickness of the copper clad layer two (32) is arranged as 0.8-1.2mm.

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