A ballast cleaning and screening device and a ballast cleaning and screening method

Abstract

This invention provides a ballast cleaning and screening device and method, including a mounting frame. A traveling unit and a ballast cleaning and screening mechanism are disposed at the lower end of the mounting frame. The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism includes a first ballast cleaning and screening component and a second ballast cleaning and screening component. The mechanism also includes a screening mounting frame for mounting the first and second ballast cleaning and screening components. The first ballast cleaning and screening component is fixed relative to the mounting frame, while the second ballast cleaning and screening component slides relative to the mounting frame. A first control component is mounted on the surface of the mounting frame, controlling the screening mounting frame to move linearly along a first direction. A second control component is disposed within the screening mounting frame. This invention can dynamically adjust the screening components according to the location and width of the ballast distribution, meeting the continuous screening needs of different road sections and improving screening efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of track maintenance equipment technology, and in particular to a ballast cleaning and screening device and a ballast cleaning and screening method. Background Technology

[0002] Ballast is a large-particle sand and gravel laid under the track. It plays an important role in vibration reduction and drainage during track laying and operation. After working in the external environment for a period of time, the ballast surface and interior impurities increase, and the ballast becomes compacted. Severely compacted ballast will lead to poor overall vibration transmission and low drainage efficiency, affecting the normal operation of rail transit. Therefore, it is necessary to rak out and clean the ballast regularly.

[0003] Ballast cleaning and screening equipment can replace manual labor for ballast cleaning, achieving continuous and efficient ballast cleaning. However, traditional cleaning equipment has a fixed cleaning length and position, limiting its throughput. Shorter cleaning devices are also insufficient to meet the dynamic cleaning requirements of ballast. Some domestic research has designed the cleaning device as two separate parts or with an adjustable bottom width, enabling dynamic adjustment of the cleaning range to meet the cleaning needs of different road sections and widths. However, setting up two separate cleaning devices makes the control process relatively complex, requires high control standards, and is prone to interference. The variable length of a single cleaning device results in poor overall stability, making the equipment susceptible to damage during long-term operation and failing to meet service life requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a ballast cleaning and screening device and a ballast cleaning and screening method. This invention can dynamically adjust the cleaning and screening components according to the location and width of the ballast distribution, meeting the continuous cleaning and screening needs of different road sections and improving the efficiency of cleaning and screening.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A ballast cleaning and screening device includes a mounting frame. A traveling unit and a ballast cleaning and screening mechanism are provided at the lower end of the mounting frame. The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism includes a first ballast cleaning and screening component and a second ballast cleaning and screening component. The mechanism also includes a screening mounting frame for mounting the first and second ballast cleaning and screening components. The first ballast cleaning and screening component is fixed relative to the screening mounting frame, while the second ballast cleaning and screening component slides relative to the screening mounting frame. A first control component is mounted on the surface of the mounting frame, controlling the screening mounting frame to move linearly along a first direction. A second control component is provided inside the screening mounting frame, controlling the second ballast cleaning and screening component to move linearly along a second direction. A ballast conveying mechanism and a ballast screening device are also provided at the upper end of the mounting frame, wherein the ballast is conveyed to the ballast screening device for screening via the ballast conveying mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end of the mounting frame is provided with a ballast temporary storage component, which is located between the ballast conveying mechanism and the ballast screening device. The ballast temporary storage component includes a temporary storage mounting frame, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a temporary storage hopper, and the lower end of which is connected to a conveying channel. The end of the conveying channel extends toward the interior of the ballast screening device.

[0008] Preferably, the ballast screening device includes a screening mounting frame, a screening cylinder rotatably connected to the upper end of the screening mounting frame, an arc-shaped material collection plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening mounting frame located below the screening cylinder, a strip-shaped material collection port opened on the bottom surface of the arc-shaped material collection plate, an inclined impurity conveying mechanism installed at the lower end of the strip-shaped material collection port, and a ballast discharge port opened on the surface of the mounting frame, the ballast discharge port being located at the end of the ballast screening device.

[0009] Preferably, the ballast cleaning and screening mounting frame is located at a predetermined position below the mounting frame and is inclined. The first end of the second ballast cleaning and screening component is slidably connected to the side wall of the cleaning and screening mounting frame through the mounting workpiece. The second ballast cleaning and screening component and the first ballast cleaning and screening component have a predetermined angle and form a ballast cleaning and screening area.

[0010] Preferably, the first control component includes a control lead screw and a control connecting frame, the lower end of the control connecting frame is fixedly connected to the surface of the screen cleaning mounting frame, and the control lead screw passes through the control connecting frame and is threadedly connected to it.

[0011] Preferably, the mounting frame is equipped with an information processing unit inside and an information acquisition unit is installed at the front end. The information acquisition unit collects ballast distribution information, which includes the ballast distribution location and the ballast distribution width. The size of the enclosed area of ​​the ballast cleaning and screening area is adjusted by the ballast distribution width, and the position of the ballast cleaning and screening area is adjusted by the ballast distribution location.

[0012] Preferably, the ballast conveying mechanism consists of two sets, which correspond to the positions of the second ballast cleaning and screening component and the first ballast cleaning and screening component, respectively. The ballast conveying mechanism includes the first ballast conveying component and the second ballast conveying component. The first ballast conveying component is connected to the second ballast conveying component, and the first ballast conveying component is located on one side of the bottom end.

[0013] Preferably, the first ballast conveying assembly includes a conveying mounting cylinder, inside which a first belt conveyor is installed; the second ballast conveying assembly includes a conveying mounting frame, on which a second belt conveyor is installed on the inner wall; a limit baffle is fixedly connected to the belt surface of the second belt conveyor; and the end of the first belt conveyor is located at a predetermined position above the first end of the second belt conveyor.

[0014] A ballast cleaning and screening method, S10, cleaning preparation: placing the ballast cleaning and screening equipment in a predetermined position, and adjusting the positions of ballast cleaning and screening component one and ballast cleaning and screening component two according to the location and width of the ballast distribution;

[0015] S20. Mobile cleaning: The drive installation frame moves at a constant speed along the rail surface, and the ballast is discharged outwards to both sides through the ballast cleaning area formed by the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism, thereby cleaning the ballast; and the cleaned ballast is transported to the ballast temporary storage component for temporary storage through the ballast conveying mechanism.

[0016] S30, Ballast Screening: The ballast in the ballast temporary storage assembly is controlled to enter the ballast screening device. The ballast is screened by controlling the rotation of the ballast screening device. Impurities fall onto the surface of the impurity conveying mechanism to achieve directional conveying of impurities. The ballast moves directionally in the ballast screening device and is discharged from the ballast discharge port and re-laid on the rail surface.

[0017] Preferably, during the S20 moving cleaning process, the size and position of the enclosed area of ​​the ballast cleaning zone are adjusted according to the ballast distribution location and ballast distribution width.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0019] 1. Compared with traditional ballast cleaning methods, this method separates the ballast into two cleaning components, improving cleaning efficiency and meeting cleaning requirements. The first and second control components control the linear movement of the cleaning components, adjusting to the required width and position of the ballast to ensure effective cleaning and maintain both throughput and cleaning efficiency. The entire device is connected via a cleaning frame, preventing interference between the cleaning components during movement and simplifying control. Compared to traditional methods, this method offers higher cleaning efficiency, wider applicability, lower failure rate, and meets cleaning requirements under various conditions.

[0020] 2. The positions of the ballast cleaning and screening components 1 and 2 are automatically controlled by the information acquisition and processing units, realizing automatic control of the process and improving the cleaning efficiency. The ballast cleaning and screening components 1 and 2 together form a stable triangular cleaning area, making the overall structure more stable, improving the cleaning efficiency, reducing the equipment damage rate, and enabling dynamic adjustment during equipment movement without stopping for waiting, thus achieving continuous cleaning and processing and ensuring the efficiency of the cleaning process.

[0021] 3. Ballast cleaning and screening components one and two can be controlled by lead screws, which is simple, reliable, and has a low failure rate. By setting ballast conveying components one and two to transport ballast in tandem, and controlling the conveying efficiency of ballast conveying components one and two, the efficiency utilization can be maximized to meet production needs. Ballast cleaning and screening components one and two are set at an angle, forming a gap at the rear for placing the ballast discharge port, which can reduce the size of the equipment and meet the screening requirements in more scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a bottom-view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Mounting frame; 101. Walking unit; 102. Ballast discharge port; 2. Ballast cleaning and screening mechanism; 201. Ballast cleaning and screening component one; 202. Ballast cleaning and screening component two; 203. Cleaning and screening mounting frame; 204. First control component; 2041. Control screw; 2042. Control connecting frame; 205. Second control component; 3. Ballast conveying mechanism; 301. Ballast conveying component one; 3011. Conveying mounting cylinder 3012, First belt conveyor; 302, Ballast conveyor assembly two; 3021, Conveying mounting frame; 3022, Second belt conveyor; 4, Ballast temporary storage assembly; 401, Temporary storage mounting frame; 402, Conveying channel; 403, Temporary storage hopper; 5, Ballast screening device; 501, Screening cylinder; 502, Screening mounting frame; 503, Arc-shaped collecting plate; 5031, Strip-shaped collecting port; 6, Impurity conveying mechanism. Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0029] Reference Figures 1-5 A ballast cleaning and screening device includes a mounting frame 1. The lower end of the mounting frame 1 is provided with a traveling unit 101 and a ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2. The traveling unit 101 consists of two sets located on both sides of the lower end of the mounting frame 1, which are used to control the directional movement of the mounting frame 1 to realize the driving and walking process of the whole device. The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2 cleans and screens the ballast at the lower end of the rail. The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2 is located between the two sets of traveling units 101. The cleaning process is realized through the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2 during the movement of the whole device.

[0030] The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2 includes a ballast cleaning and screening component one 201 and a ballast cleaning and screening component two 202. The mechanism also includes a screening mounting frame 203 for mounting the ballast cleaning and screening components one 201 and two ballast cleaning and screening component two 202. The ballast cleaning and screening component one 201 is fixed relative to the screening mounting frame 203, while the ballast cleaning and screening component two 202 slides relative to the screening mounting frame 203. A first control component 204 is mounted on the surface of the mounting frame 1. The first control component 204 controls the screening mounting frame 203 to move linearly along a first direction, where the first direction is the width direction of the entire equipment, i.e., perpendicular to the rail path. Component 204 controls the movement of the ballast cleaning and screening mounting frame 203 along the width direction of the mounting frame 1, which can adjust the cleaning position of the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2. A second control component 205 is provided inside the ballast cleaning and screening mounting frame 203, wherein the second control component 205 controls the linear movement of the ballast cleaning and screening component 202 along a second direction, which is the length direction of the ballast cleaning and screening mounting frame 203. By controlling the linear movement of the ballast cleaning and screening component 202 along the length direction of the ballast cleaning and screening mounting frame 203, the position of the end of the ballast cleaning and screening component 202 can be adjusted according to the actual distribution range of the ballast, so as to realize the adaptive cleaning of ballast of different widths and meet the needs of ballast cleaning.

[0031] A ballast conveying mechanism 3 and a ballast screening device 5 are also installed on the upper end of the mounting frame 1. The ballast is conveyed to the ballast screening device 5 by the ballast conveying mechanism 3 for screening. Finally, the cleaned ballast after screening is laid on the rail surface again, realizing the automatic circulation of ballast. Impurities generated during the screening process are screened and cleaned out separately and discharged in a directional manner, thus achieving separation between the two.

[0032] A ballast storage assembly 4 is installed on the upper end of the mounting frame 1. This assembly temporarily stores the ballast conveyed by the ballast conveying mechanism 3. It also controls the efficiency of ballast discharge and conveying, adjusting to suit the actual quantity and cleanliness of the ballast to meet the needs of ballast screening and cleaning. The ballast storage assembly 4 is located between the ballast conveying mechanism 3 and the ballast screening device 5. It includes a temporary storage mounting frame 401. A temporary storage hopper 403 is fixedly connected to the end of the ballast screen 5. The lower end of the temporary storage hopper 403 is connected to a conveying channel 402. The end of the conveying channel 402 extends toward the interior of the ballast screening device 5. The conveying channel 402 is inclined. The ballast in the temporary storage hopper 403 can automatically slide along the conveying channel 402 into the ballast screening device 5 for screening. A control valve plate is installed in the conveying channel 402. Adjusting the opening of the control valve plate can adjust the ballast feeding rate and control the ballast feeding process.

[0033] The ballast screening device 5 includes a screening mounting frame 502, with a screening cylinder 501 rotatably connected to the upper end of the frame 502. The screening cylinder 501 has several mounting rods on its surface and a screening gap. During rotation, the screening cylinder 501 can continuously clean the ballast and separate it from impurities. An arc-shaped collecting plate 503 located below the screening cylinder 501 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening mounting frame 502. A strip-shaped collecting port 5031 is opened on the bottom surface of the arc-shaped collecting plate 503. An inclined impurity conveying mechanism 6 is installed at the lower end of the strip-shaped collecting port 5031. The size of the screening gap is smaller than the actual size of the ballast. Impurities fall from the screening gap onto the surface of the arc-shaped collecting plate 503 and finally fall from the strip-shaped collecting port 5031 to the impurity conveying mechanism 6. The conveying mechanism 6 realizes the conveying process on its surface; a ballast discharge port 102 is opened on the surface of the mounting frame 1, which is located at the end of the ballast screening device 5. It should be noted that the screening cylinder 501 is set at an inclination. During the rotation of the screening cylinder 501, the ballast can automatically move in a direction under the action of gravity and finally fall into the ballast discharge port 102 and fall back onto the rail, realizing the automatic conveying of ballast and facilitating the subsequent laying process; the impurity conveying mechanism 6 drives in the opposite direction to the ballast conveying direction, realizing the separation of impurities from ballast. The ballast discharge port 102 is located at a predetermined position behind the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2. The cleaned ballast falls onto the cleaned rail surface, realizing the integrated process of ballast excavation, cleaning and screening and repaving.

[0034] Please refer to the appendix for details. Figure 4The ballast cleaning mounting frame 203 is located at a predetermined position below the mounting frame 1 and is inclined. Specifically, the ballast cleaning mounting frame 203 has an inclined angle on the horizontal plane. The ballast cleaning component one 201 is fixedly installed on the first side of the ballast cleaning mounting frame 203 along its length. The first end of the ballast cleaning component two 202 is slidably connected to the second side wall of the ballast cleaning mounting frame 203 through a mounting workpiece. The ballast cleaning component two 202 and the ballast cleaning component one 201 have a predetermined angle and form a ballast cleaning area. The ballast cleaning component one 201 and the ballast cleaning component two 202 are inclined together, and their outlines are located on the outline of a virtual triangle, with the apex of the triangle aligned with the transmission direction of the mounting frame 1. The predetermined angle between them allows control of the size of the ballast cleaning area by controlling the movement of the ballast cleaning component two 202, enabling adaptive cleaning of ballast surfaces with different widths and meeting the equipment's passage requirements and ballast conditions. The system meets the high-efficiency cleaning requirements; and the two components together form a triangular cleaning area with a stable and reliable overall structure. For the ballast excavation and cleaning process, the overall excavation effect is good. Ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 can excavate and clean the ballast outwards respectively, improving the cleaning efficiency and meeting the requirements of ballast cleaning. In particular, ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 are connected through the cleaning mounting frame 203. For ballast cleaning component 1 201, its position does not need to be adjusted and is located at the reference position. By adjusting the position of ballast cleaning component 202, the size of the front end of the ballast cleaning area is adjusted, which meets the cleaning effect. Ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 will not interfere with each other during the adjustment process. The control process of the two components is simple and stable, with high overall reliability and low equipment damage rate, and can work stably and reliably for a long time.

[0035] As an optional control method, the first control component 204 includes a control screw 2041 and a control connecting frame 2042. The lower end of the control connecting frame 2042 is fixedly connected to the surface of the cleaning and screening mounting frame 203. The control screw 2041 passes through the control connecting frame 2042 and is threadedly connected to it. The control connecting frame 2042 can be controlled by adjusting the rotation of the control screw 2041 through an electronic control device, thereby adjusting the position of the cleaning and screening mounting frame 203. Controlled by the screw, it is stable and reliable. After rotating to the predetermined position, it can maintain a stable state on its own, simplifying the control process. The second control component 205 can also be selected as screw control. A control slider is provided in the cleaning and screening mounting frame 203. The slider is fixed to the installation workpiece. During the rotation of the screw, the control slider moves linearly to adjust the position of the second ballast cleaning and screening component 202. The above control method can also be selected as hydraulic control, which can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0036] An information processing unit is installed inside the mounting frame 1, and an information acquisition unit is installed at the front end. The information acquisition unit collects ballast distribution information, including the location and width of the ballast distribution. The information acquisition unit transmits the collected information to the information processing unit. The information processing unit determines whether the ballast cleaning area needs adjustment and how to adjust it based on the uploaded data. Specifically, the size of the enclosed area of ​​the ballast cleaning area is adjusted by the ballast distribution width, and the position of the ballast cleaning area is adjusted by the ballast distribution location. The second control component 205 controls the position of the second ballast cleaning component 202, thereby adjusting the size of the ballast cleaning area to meet both traffic flow and efficient cleaning requirements. The first control component 204 controls the position of the cleaning mounting frame 203, thereby changing the positions of the first ballast cleaning component 201 and the second ballast cleaning component 202, and thus changing the position of the ballast cleaning area. This allows for adjustment based on the ballast position, meeting the flexible cleaning requirements of different road sections, ensuring overall equipment traffic flow while meeting the requirements for efficient ballast cleaning.

[0037] The aforementioned information acquisition unit can be fixed to the front surface of the mounting frame 1. It uses camera imaging technology to detect the position and width of the ballast protrusions, and realizes the information acquisition process by transmitting the images. It also uses an acoustic detection instrument to detect the ballast at the predetermined position ahead by emitting detection waves and receiving reflected waves. This allows for the rapid determination of the three-dimensional model of the ballast at the lower end of the rail and the data that needs to be cleared. The information processing unit then controls the first control component 204 and the second control component 205 to perform actions, thereby realizing the adaptation and adjustment process.

[0038] The ballast conveying mechanism 3 consists of two sets, corresponding to the positions of the second ballast cleaning and screening component 202 and the first ballast cleaning and screening component 201, respectively. The ballast conveying mechanism 3 includes a first ballast conveying component 301 and a second ballast conveying component 302, which are connected. The first ballast conveying component 301 is located at the bottom. The first ballast conveying component 301 transports the ballast excavated by the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2 through a primary conveying process, quickly transporting the loose ballast to the second ballast conveying component 302. Finally, the second ballast conveying component 302 performs a secondary conveying of the ballast, ultimately transporting it to the ballast temporary storage component 4 and the ballast screening device 5 to achieve the ballast screening process. The addition of the first ballast conveying component 301 enables the screening of loose ballast. The ballast is transported once, and can be adapted to transport ballast cleaning and screening components 202 and 201 at different positions during movement to meet the ballast transport requirements. Ballast transport component 1 has a small transport load and high transport speed, while ballast transport component 2 has a large transport load and low transport efficiency. The rapid movement of ballast transport component 1 301 promptly removes the excavated ballast, preventing ballast blockage and ensuring the overall operation and transport requirements of the equipment. A large amount of ballast accumulates on the surface of ballast transport component 2 302, which then transports the ballast a second time. By controlling the rotation of ballast transport component 2 302, real-time full-load transport is achieved, meeting transport requirements, improving ballast transport efficiency, and reducing overall energy consumption.

[0039] The first ballast conveying assembly 301 includes a conveying mounting cylinder 3011, inside which a first belt conveyor 3012 is installed. The second ballast conveying assembly 302 includes a conveying mounting frame 3021, on which a second belt conveyor 3022 is installed on its inner wall. Limiting baffles are fixedly connected to the belt surface of the second belt conveyor 3022. By setting the limiting baffles, the load capacity of the ballast conveying can be increased, meeting the conveying requirements of ballast per unit area, dividing the ballast into multiple separate areas, and preventing ballast slippage. Furthermore, the end position of the first belt conveyor 3012... At a predetermined position above the first end of the second belt conveyor 3022, the first belt conveyor 3012 can quickly transport the ballast to the first end of the second belt conveyor 3022, realizing a single conveying and feeding process to meet the feeding requirements. The ballast during the conveying process falls directly onto the upper surface of the second belt conveyor 3022, realizing automatic ballast unloading. It should be noted that the first belt conveyor 3012 is adjusted according to the actual space and is in a bent state. Its surface has friction stripes to ensure sufficient friction to meet the conveying requirements.

[0040] A method for cleaning and screening ballast includes the following steps:

[0041] S10. Preparation for cleaning: Place the ballast cleaning equipment in the predetermined position, and adjust the positions of ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 according to the location and width of the ballast distribution; wherein the ballast cleaning area formed by the front ends of ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 is larger than the width of the ballast to be cleaned, and the outer ends of ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 are located at both ends of the ballast to be cleaned, to meet the cleaning requirements; wherein ballast cleaning component 1 201 and ballast cleaning component 202 adopt the existing chain cleaning method, and the cleaning chain excavates and discharges the ballast through the cleaning rake nails during the directional rotation process, thereby realizing the cleaning process.

[0042] S20. Mobile Cleaning: The drive mounting frame 1 moves at a constant speed along the rail surface. The ballast is discharged outwards to both sides through the ballast cleaning area formed by the ballast cleaning mechanism 2, thus cleaning the ballast. The cleaned ballast is then transported to the ballast temporary storage component 4 by the ballast conveying mechanism 3 for temporary storage. The ballast excavated by the ballast cleaning mechanism 2 enters the ballast conveying mechanisms 3 on both sides for transport. The ballast is then transported in a direction within the ballast conveying mechanism 3 and finally enters the ballast temporary storage component 4 for storage, thus meeting the ballast transport requirements.

[0043] S30, Ballast Screening: Ballast in the ballast temporary storage component 4 is controlled to enter the ballast screening device 5. Ballast screening is achieved by controlling the rotation of the ballast screening device 5. Impurities fall onto the surface of the impurity conveying mechanism 6 for directional conveying. Ballast moves directionally within the ballast screening device 5 and is discharged from the ballast discharge port 102 and re-laid on the rail surface. The ballast discharge port 102 is located behind the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism 2. The inclined arrangement of the second ballast cleaning component 202 and the first ballast cleaning component 201 provides sufficient space for the arrangement of the ballast discharge port 102. The cleaned ballast is directly discharged into the gap formed by the first ballast cleaning component 201 and the second ballast cleaning component 202, reducing the overall size of the equipment. The overall equipment is small in size and suitable for small-scale ballast cleaning and screening, which can meet the cleaning and screening needs in more situations.

[0044] During the S20 mobile cleaning process, the size and position of the enclosed area of ​​the ballast cleaning zone are adjusted according to the distribution location and width of the ballast. Specifically, the position of the ballast cleaning component 202 is adjusted by the width of the ballast distribution, thereby changing the range of width. The position of the cleaning mounting frame 203 is controlled by the first control component 204, adjusting the cleaning zone to different positions to meet the cleaning requirements of different paved road sections, achieving adaptable ballast cleaning and meeting the cleaning requirements under various conditions.

[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ballast cleaning and screening device, comprising a mounting frame (1), wherein a traveling unit (101) and a ballast cleaning and screening mechanism (2) are provided at the lower end of the mounting frame (1), characterized in that: The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism (2) includes a ballast cleaning and screening component one (201) and a ballast cleaning and screening component two (202). The ballast cleaning and screening mechanism (2) also includes a cleaning and screening mounting frame (203) for mounting the ballast cleaning and screening component one (201) and the ballast cleaning and screening component two (202). The ballast cleaning and screening component one (201) is fixed relative to the cleaning and screening mounting frame (203), and the ballast cleaning and screening component two (202) slides relative to the cleaning and screening mounting frame (203). A first control component (20) is mounted on the surface of the mounting frame (1). 4), wherein the first control component (204) controls the cleaning and screening mounting frame (203) to move linearly along the first direction, and the cleaning and screening mounting frame (203) is provided with a second control component (205), wherein the second control component (205) controls the ballast cleaning and screening component 2 (202) to move linearly along the second direction, and the upper end of the mounting frame (1) is also provided with a ballast conveying mechanism (3) and a ballast screening device (5), wherein the ballast is conveyed to the ballast screening device (5) for screening by the ballast conveying mechanism (3); The upper end of the mounting frame (1) is provided with a ballast temporary storage component (4). The ballast temporary storage component (4) is located between the ballast conveying mechanism (3) and the ballast screening device (5). The ballast temporary storage component (4) includes a temporary storage mounting frame (401). The upper end of the temporary storage mounting frame (401) is fixedly connected to a temporary storage hopper (403). The lower end of the temporary storage hopper (403) is connected to a conveying channel (402). The end of the conveying channel (402) extends toward the interior of the ballast screening device (5). The mounting frame (1) has a ballast discharge port (102) on its surface; The ballast conveying mechanism (3) consists of two sets, which correspond to the positions of the second ballast cleaning component (202) and the first ballast cleaning component (201) respectively. The ballast conveying mechanism (3) includes a first ballast conveying component (301) and a second ballast conveying component (302). The first ballast conveying component (301) is connected to the second ballast conveying component (302), and the first ballast conveying component (301) is located on one side of the bottom end. The first direction mentioned above is the width direction of the device, and the second direction is the length direction of the screen cleaning mounting frame; The ballast cleaning mounting frame is located at a predetermined position below the mounting frame. The ballast cleaning mounting frame has an inclined angle on the horizontal plane. Ballast cleaning assembly one is installed and fixed on the first side of the ballast cleaning mounting frame along its length. The first end of ballast cleaning assembly two is slidably connected to the second side wall of the ballast cleaning mounting frame through the installation workpiece. Ballast cleaning assembly two and ballast cleaning assembly one have a predetermined angle and form a ballast cleaning area. Ballast cleaning assembly one and ballast cleaning assembly two are inclined together, and their outlines are located on the outline of a virtual triangle, with the apex of the triangle aligned with the moving direction of the mounting frame.

2. The ballast cleaning and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ballast screening device (5) includes a screening mounting frame (502), a screening cylinder (501) is rotatably connected to the upper end of the screening mounting frame (502), an arc-shaped collecting plate (503) located below the screening cylinder (501) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening mounting frame (502), a strip-shaped collecting port (5031) is opened on the bottom surface of the arc-shaped collecting plate (503), an inclined impurity conveying mechanism (6) is installed at the lower end of the strip-shaped collecting port (5031), and the ballast discharge port (102) is located at the end of the ballast screening device (5).

3. The ballast cleaning and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning and screening mounting frame (203) is located at a predetermined position below the mounting frame (1) and is inclined. The first end of the second ballast cleaning and screening component (202) is slidably connected to the side wall of the cleaning and screening mounting frame (203) through the installation workpiece. The second ballast cleaning and screening component (202) and the first ballast cleaning and screening component (201) have a predetermined included angle and form a ballast cleaning and screening area.

4. The ballast cleaning and screening equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first control component (204) includes a control screw (2041) and a control connecting frame (2042). The lower end of the control connecting frame (2042) is fixedly connected to the surface of the screen cleaning mounting frame (203). The control screw (2041) passes through the control connecting frame (2042) and is threadedly connected to it.

5. The ballast cleaning and screening equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting frame (1) is equipped with an information processing unit inside and an information acquisition unit at the front end. The information acquisition unit collects ballast distribution information, which includes the ballast distribution location and the ballast distribution width. The ballast distribution width is used to adjust the size of the enclosed area of ​​the ballast cleaning area, and the ballast distribution location is used to adjust the position of the ballast cleaning area.

6. The ballast cleaning and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ballast conveying assembly (301) includes a conveying installation cylinder (3011), inside which a first belt conveyor (3012) is installed. The second ballast conveying assembly (302) includes a conveying installation frame (3021), on which a second belt conveyor (3022) is installed on the inner wall. A limit baffle is fixedly connected to the belt surface of the second belt conveyor (3022), and the end of the first belt conveyor (3012) is located at a predetermined position above the first end of the second belt conveyor (3022).

7. A method for cleaning and screening ballast, characterized in that, Using the ballast cleaning and screening equipment according to any one of claims 1-6, the following steps are included: S10. Cleaning preparation: Place the ballast cleaning and screening equipment in the predetermined position, and adjust the positions of ballast cleaning and screening component one and ballast cleaning and screening component two according to the location and width of the ballast distribution; S20. Mobile cleaning: The drive installation frame moves at a constant speed along the rail surface, and the ballast is discharged outwards to both sides through the ballast cleaning area formed by the ballast cleaning and screening mechanism, thereby cleaning the ballast; and the cleaned ballast is transported to the ballast temporary storage component for temporary storage through the ballast conveying mechanism. S30, Ballast Screening: The ballast in the ballast temporary storage assembly is controlled to enter the ballast screening device. The ballast is screened by controlling the rotation of the ballast screening device. Impurities fall onto the surface of the impurity conveying mechanism to achieve directional conveying of impurities. The ballast moves directionally in the ballast screening device and is discharged from the ballast discharge port and re-laid on the rail surface.

8. A ballast cleaning and screening method according to claim 7, characterized in that, During the S20 mobile cleaning process, the size and position of the enclosed area of ​​the ballast cleaning zone are adjusted according to the distribution location and width of the ballast.

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