Vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing, comprising a seat plate, a slide plate, a slider, a guide, an anti-pull-out member and a friction layer. The two lower slide plates are respectively arranged on the arc surface of the lower seat plate and the first middle seat plate, and the two upper slide plates are respectively arranged on the arc surface of the upper seat plate and the second middle seat plate; the lower slider is arranged between the two lower slide plates, and the upper slider is arranged between the two upper slide plates; the guide member is arranged on the arc surface of the seat plate and the slide plate; the anti-pull-out member is arranged on both sides of the arc surface of the seat plate; the friction layer is arranged on the contact arc surface between the seat plate and the slide plate, and between the slide plate and the slider; the guide members arranged on both sides of the slide plate and the slider respectively slide frictionally on the seat plate and the slide plate; the anti-pull-out hook in the anti-pull-out member is buckled on the T-track and slides along the track direction. The present invention has vertical pull-out resistance, large horizontal deformation capacity, good self-reset ability, and high overall stability, and is suitable for seismic isolation design of large-span high-pier bridges and high-rise buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bridge or general building supports, and specifically relates to a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum support. Background Art

[0002] The seismic safety of bridges and building structures is directly related to the safety of life and property. Seismic isolation technology is a key means of improving structural seismic performance. It involves the theoretical design and practical application of various types of seismic isolation devices, including isolation bearings and supports. Seismic isolation bearings are often an essential component of bridge and building structures.

[0003] Currently, there are two main types of seismic isolation bearings used in bridge and construction engineering: rubber bearings and friction bearings. Friction pendulum bearings are widely used due to their large horizontal deformation capacity, strong seismic isolation capability, and self-resetting function. However, existing friction pendulum bearings cannot withstand vertical tensile forces and are inevitably pulled up and de-energized under vertical seismic excitation. Therefore, the lack of vertical tensile resistance significantly limits the application of friction pendulum bearings in long-span, high-pier bridges and high-rise buildings. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the background technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing, which can not only meet the requirements of large horizontal displacement and self-reset of the friction pendulum bearing, but also realize the vertical pull-out resistant function. The technical solution of the vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing of the present invention is as follows: it includes a seat plate, a slide plate, a slider, a guide, a friction layer, and an anti-pull-out member, and is characterized in that: the slide plate is arranged on the seat plate; the slider is arranged on the slide plate; the guide member is arranged on the seat plate and the slide plate; the slide plate and the slider slide on the seat plate and the slide plate respectively along the guide member; the friction layer is arranged on the contact surface between the seat plate and the slide plate, and the slide plate and the slider; the anti-pull-out member is arranged between the seat plate and the seat plate;

[0005] The seat plate is composed of a lower seat plate, a first middle seat plate, a second middle seat plate and an upper seat plate; the lower seat plate, the first middle seat plate, the second middle seat plate and the upper seat plate are arranged in the lower, middle and upper layers respectively; the bottom surface of the lower seat plate, the top surface of the upper seat plate, the top surface of the first middle seat plate and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate are all square and equal in size; the top surface of the lower seat plate, the bottom surface of the upper seat plate, the bottom surface of the first middle seat plate and the top surface of the second middle seat plate are all arc surfaces with equal arc radii; the top surface of the first middle seat plate and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate completely overlap and are fixed together; the sizes of the lower seat plate, the first middle seat plate, the second middle seat plate and the upper seat plate are exactly the same;

[0006] The slide plate is composed of a lower slide plate and an upper slide plate; the top and bottom surfaces of the lower slide plate and the upper slide plate are arc surfaces; the radius of the arc surface of the lower slide plate and the upper slide plate is equal to the radius of the arc surface of the seat plate; there are two lower slide plates, which are respectively arranged on the top surface of the lower seat plate and the bottom surface of the first middle seat plate; there are two upper slide plates, which are respectively arranged on the top surface of the second middle seat plate and the bottom surface of the upper seat plate; the sizes of the lower slide plate and the upper slide plate are exactly the same;

[0007] The slider consists of a lower slider and an upper slider; the lower slider and the upper slider are hexahedrons with arc-shaped top and bottom surfaces and rectangular surfaces; the radius of the arc surface of the lower slider and the upper slider is equal to the radius of the arc surface of the seat plate; the lower slider is arranged between the two lower sliders; the upper slider is arranged between the two upper sliders; the sizes of the lower slider and the upper slider are exactly the same;

[0008] The guide member is composed of a lower rectangular outer rail, an upper rectangular outer rail, a lower rectangular inner rail and an upper rectangular inner rail; the cross-sections of the lower rectangular outer rail, the upper rectangular outer rail, the lower rectangular inner rail and the upper rectangular inner rail are square and arc-shaped along the length direction; the arc radius of the lower rectangular outer rail, the upper rectangular outer rail, the lower rectangular inner rail and the upper rectangular inner rail is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate;

[0009] There are four lower rectangular outer rails, two of which are fixed on the curved surface of the lower seat plate along the curved surface of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the lower slide plate of the lower seat plate, and the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the first middle seat plate along the curved surface of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the lower slide plate of the first middle seat plate; there are four upper rectangular outer rails, two of which are fixed on the curved surface of the upper seat plate along the curved surface of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the upper slide plate of the upper seat plate, and the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the second middle seat plate along the curved surface of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the upper slide plate of the second middle seat plate; the sizes of the lower rectangular outer rails and the upper rectangular outer rails are exactly the same;

[0010] The four lower rectangular inner rails are fixed on the curved surface of the lower slide plate located on the lower seat plate along the direction of the curved surface of the slide plate, and are closely attached to the two sides of the lower slider of the lower slide plate, and the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the lower slide plate located on the first middle seat plate along the direction of the curved surface of the slide plate, and are closely attached to the two sides of the lower slider of the lower slide plate; the four upper rectangular inner rails are fixed on the curved surface of the upper slide plate located on the upper seat plate along the direction of the curved surface of the slide plate, and are closely attached to the two sides of the upper slider of the upper slide plate, and the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the upper slide plate located on the second middle seat plate along the direction of the curved surface of the slide plate, and are closely attached to the two sides of the upper slider of the upper slide plate; the sizes of the lower rectangular inner rails and the upper rectangular inner rails are exactly the same;

[0011] The anti-pullout member consists of a lower T-shaped rail, an upper T-shaped rail, a lower anti-pullout hook and an upper anti-pullout hook; the cross-sections of the lower T-shaped rail and the upper T-shaped rail are T-shaped and arc-shaped along the length direction; the arc radius of the lower T-shaped rail and the upper T-shaped rail is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate; there are four lower T-shaped rails, two of which are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the lower seat plate along the arc surface direction of the seat plate, and the other two are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the first middle seat plate along the arc surface direction of the seat plate; there are four upper T-shaped rails, two of which are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the upper seat plate along the arc surface direction of the seat plate, and the other two are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the second middle seat plate along the arc surface direction of the seat plate; the sizes of the lower T-shaped rail and the upper T-shaped rail are exactly the same;

[0012] The lower anti-pullout hook and the upper anti-pullout hook have the same structure and size, with a rectangular pull block in the middle and a U-shaped pull hook with an outward opening at the upper and lower ends, each of which is provided with a fastening portion; the U-shaped pull hook is arc-shaped along the length direction; the arc radius of the U-shaped pull hook is equal to the radius of the T-shaped track, and the U-shaped pull hook slides along the track of the T-shaped track it is locked with;

[0013] The radii of the arc surfaces of the seat plate, the slide plate, the slider, the guide member and the anti-pullout member are all equal; the arc surface area of ​​the slider is smaller than the arc surface area of ​​the slide plate; the arc surface area of ​​the slide plate is smaller than the arc surface area of ​​the seat plate; the seat plate changes thickness along the arc surface; the slide plate has constant thickness along the arc surface; the slider maintains a constant height; the lower rectangular outer rail and the upper rectangular outer rail have constant thickness along the arc surface, and their length is less than or equal to the arc surface length of the seat plate; the lower rectangular inner rail and the upper rectangular inner rail have constant thickness along the arc surface, and their length is less than or equal to the arc surface length of the slide plate; the lower T-shaped rail and the upper T-shaped rail have constant thickness along the arc surface, and their length is less than or equal to the arc surface length of the seat plate; the heights of the lower anti-pullout hook and the upper anti-pullout hook are respectively the net distances between the lower seat plate and the first middle seat plate, the second middle seat plate and the upper seat plate at the center axis of the arc surface when the support is in the initial state, and the net distance is equal to the height of the slider + the thickness of the two slide plates;

[0014] The lower seat plate, the first middle seat plate, the lower slide plate, the lower slider, the lower rectangular outer rail, the lower rectangular inner rail, the lower T-shaped rail and the lower anti-pullout hook together constitute the lower layer; the upper seat plate, the second middle seat plate, the upper slide plate, the upper slider, the upper rectangular outer rail, the upper rectangular inner rail, the upper T-shaped rail and the upper anti-pullout hook together constitute the upper layer; the component composition and structural form of the lower layer are exactly the same as those of the upper layer; the lower layer and the upper layer are placed orthogonally in spatial position, and the sliding directions of the lower layer and the upper layer are perpendicular to each other; the lower layer and the upper layer are independently formed into a single-layer, unidirectionally movable, anti-pullout type multi-stage friction pendulum support.

[0015] The two lower slides slide on the arc surfaces of the lower seat plate and the first middle seat plate along the length direction of the lower rectangular outer rails on both sides without falling off; the two upper slides slide on the arc surfaces of the upper seat plate and the second middle seat plate along the length direction of the upper rectangular outer rails on both sides without falling off.

[0016] The lower slider slides on the arc surface of the lower slide plate along the length direction of the lower rectangular inner rails on both sides without falling off; the upper slider slides on the arc surface of the upper slide plate along the degree direction of the upper rectangular inner rails on both sides without falling off.

[0017] The friction layer is located in the arc surface sliding area defined by the guide member, and the friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0018] The U-shaped hook of the lower anti-pullout hook is buckled on the lower T-shaped track and slides along the length direction of the lower T-shaped track without falling off; the U-shaped hook of the upper anti-pullout hook is buckled on the upper T-shaped track and slides along the length direction of the upper T-shaped track without falling off;

[0019] The inner cross-sectional dimension of the U-shaped hook of the lower anti-pullout hook is equal to the T-shaped cross-sectional dimension of the lower T-shaped track; the inner cross-sectional dimension of the U-shaped hook of the upper anti-pullout hook is equal to the T-shaped cross-sectional dimension of the upper T-shaped track; there are two lower anti-pullout hooks, which are buckled on the two upper and lower adjacent lower T-shaped tracks, one on each side of the arc surface; there are two upper anti-pullout hooks, which are buckled on the two upper and lower adjacent upper T-shaped tracks, one on each side of the arc surface.

[0020] The lower rectangular outer rail, upper rectangular outer rail, lower T-shaped rail and upper T-shaped rail are all fixed on the arc surface of each layer of seat plate; the lower rectangular inner rail and upper rectangular inner rail are all fixed on the arc surface of each layer of slide plate.

[0021] The lower rectangular outer rail, the upper rectangular outer rail, the lower rectangular inner rail, the upper rectangular inner rail, the lower T-shaped rail and the upper T-shaped rail are all parallel to each other and symmetrical about the central axis of the seat plate arc surface.

[0022] The initial positions of the lower slide plate, the upper slide plate, the lower slider, the upper slider, the lower anti-pullout hook and the upper anti-pullout hook are all on the central axis of the seat plate arc surface and are symmetrical about the central axis.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The contact and sliding surfaces of the seat plate, slide plate and slider are changed from traditional spherical surfaces to arc surfaces, which is conducive to the realization of the double-layer support system and the simplification of the structure;

[0025] 2. Designing the support into two layers, upper and lower, is beneficial for not affecting the existing large deformation and self-reset capacity of the support in the horizontal direction after adding vertical pull-out members;

[0026] 3. A T-shaped track and an anti-pullout hook are set between the upper and lower seat plates. The anti-pullout hook is buckled on the T-shaped track and slides along the track direction, making the support as a whole more stable in vertical anti-pullout ability, which is conducive to preventing the support from being pulled up and becoming empty under the action of vertical pulling force. At the same time, it provides vertical pulling capacity for the structure and limits the lifting of the structure.

[0027] 4. Guides are provided on the sides of the slide plate and the slider, so that the slide plate and the slider can only slide in one direction along the guides within the arc-shaped sliding area defined by the guides on each layer. This helps to prevent the slide plate and the slider from sliding arbitrarily and losing control within the arc surface while maintaining the horizontal sliding of the support;

[0028] 5. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. It not only has vertical pull-out resistance, but also greatly improves horizontal deformation capacity, has better self-reset ability, and has higher overall stability. It can be used for seismic isolation design of new large-span high-pier bridges and high-rise building structures and seismic reinforcement of existing structures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective view of an embodiment of a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing of the present invention before sliding;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a front view of an embodiment of a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing of the present invention before sliding;

[0031] Figure 3 A side view of an embodiment of a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing of the present invention before sliding;

[0032] Figure 4 A top view of an embodiment of a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing of the present invention before sliding;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the lower layer of an embodiment of a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectionally movable friction pendulum bearing according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the upper layer of an embodiment of a vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the seat plate, slide plate and slider in an embodiment of the present invention (taking the lower layer as an example);

[0036] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of a T-shaped track in an embodiment of the present invention (taking the lower layer as an example);

[0037] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the anti-pullout hook in an embodiment of the present invention (taking the lower layer as an example);

[0038] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention after sliding;

[0039] Figure 11 It is a front view of the embodiment of the present invention after sliding;

[0040] Figure 12 A side view of the embodiment of the present invention after sliding;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a top view of the embodiment of the present invention after sliding.

[0042] The accompanying drawings and their corresponding names are: 1-lower seat plate; 2-first middle seat plate; 3-second middle seat plate; 4-upper seat plate; 5-lower slide plate; 6-upper slide plate; 7-lower slide block; 8-upper slide block; 9-lower rectangular outer rail; 10-upper rectangular outer rail; 11-lower rectangular inner rail; 12-upper rectangular inner rail; 13-lower T-type rail; 14-upper T-type rail; 15-lower anti-pullout hook; 16-upper anti-pullout hook. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] like Figures 1-13 In the illustrated embodiment, the vertical pull-out-resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing is composed of six major components: a seat plate, a slide plate, a slider, a guide, a friction layer, and a pull-out member. Specifically, it includes: a lower seat plate 1, a first middle seat plate 2, a second middle seat plate 3, an upper seat plate 4, a lower slide plate 5, an upper slide plate 6, a lower slider 7, an upper slider 8, a lower rectangular outer rail 9, an upper rectangular outer rail 10, a lower rectangular inner rail 11, an upper rectangular inner rail 12, a lower T-shaped rail 13, an upper T-shaped rail 14, a lower pull-out hook 15, and an upper pull-out hook 16. The seat plate is composed of the lower seat plate 1, the first middle seat plate 2, the second middle seat plate 3, and the upper seat plate 4. The lower seat plate 1, the first middle seat plate 2, the second middle seat plate 3, and the upper seat plate 4 are arranged in the lower, middle, and upper layers, respectively. The top surface of the first middle seat plate 2 and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate 3 are fixed together to form the middle layer. There are two lower slides 5, which are respectively arranged on the top surface of the lower seat plate 1 and the bottom surface of the first middle seat plate 2; there are two upper slides 6, which are respectively arranged on the top surface of the second middle seat plate 3 and the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 4; the slides have equal thickness along the arc surface; the bottom surface of the lower seat plate 1, the top surface of the upper seat plate 4, the top surface of the first middle seat plate 2 and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate 3 are all square and equal in size; the top surface of the lower seat plate 1, the bottom surface of the upper seat plate 4, the bottom surface of the first middle seat plate 2 and the top surface of the second middle seat plate 3 are all arc surfaces with equal arc radii; the top surface of the first middle seat plate 2 and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate 3 completely overlap and are consolidated together; the seat plate changes thickness along the arc surface.

[0045] The slide plate consists of a lower slide plate 5 and an upper slide plate 6. Both the top and bottom surfaces of the lower slide plate 5 and the upper slide plate 6 are curved, with the radius of their curved surfaces being equal to that of the seat plate. The slider consists of a lower slider 7 and an upper slider 8. Each of the lower and upper sliders 7 and 8 is a hexahedron with curved top and bottom surfaces and rectangular surfaces. The radius of their top and bottom curved surfaces is equal to that of the seat plate. The lower slider 7 is positioned between the two lower slide plates 5, and the upper slider 8 is positioned between the two upper slide plates 6. Of the four lower rectangular outer rails 9, two are positioned on either side of the lower slide plate 5 located on the lower seat plate 1, and the other two are positioned on either side of the lower slide plate 5 located on the first middle seat plate 2. Of the four upper rectangular outer rails 10, two are positioned on either side of the upper slide plate 6 located on the upper seat plate 4, and the other two are positioned on either side of the upper slide plate 6 located on the second middle seat plate 3. Four lower rectangular inner rails 11 are positioned on either side of the lower slider 7 located on the lower slide plate 5, and four upper rectangular inner rails 12 are positioned on either side of the upper slider 8 located on the upper slide plate 6. Of the four lower T-shaped rails 13, two are arranged on both sides of the arc surface of the lower seat plate 1, and the other two are arranged on both sides of the arc surface of the first middle seat plate 2; of the four upper T-shaped rails 14, two are arranged on both sides of the arc surface of the upper seat plate 4, and the other two are arranged on both sides of the arc surface of the second middle seat plate 3; two lower anti-pullout hooks 15 are arranged between the two upper and lower adjacent lower T-shaped rails 13, one on each side of the arc surface; two upper anti-pullout hooks 16 are arranged between the two upper and lower adjacent upper T-shaped rails 14, one on each side of the arc surface; the U-shaped hook is provided with a fastening portion, so that the U-shaped hook of the lower anti-pullout hook 15 is buckled on the lower T-shaped rail 13, and the U-shaped hook of the upper anti-pullout hook 16 is buckled on the upper T-shaped rail 14.

[0046] The guide member is composed of a lower rectangular outer rail 9, an upper rectangular outer rail 10, a lower rectangular inner rail 11 and an upper rectangular inner rail 12, all of which have square cross-sections, are arc-shaped and of equal thickness along the length direction, and the arc radius is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate; the length of the lower rectangular outer rail 9 and the upper rectangular outer rail 10 is less than or equal to the arc length of the seat plate, and the length of the lower rectangular inner rail 11 and the upper rectangular inner rail 12 is less than or equal to the arc length of the slide; there are four lower rectangular outer rails 9, two of which are fixed on the arc surface of the lower seat plate 1 along the arc direction of the seat plate and are tightly attached to the two sides of the lower slide 5 of the lower seat plate 1, and the other two are fixed on the arc surface of the first middle seat plate 2 along the arc direction of the seat plate and are tightly attached to the two sides of the lower slide 5 of the first middle seat plate 2; there are four upper rectangular outer rails 10, two of which are fixed on the arc surface of the upper seat plate 4 along the arc direction of the seat plate and are tightly attached to the On both sides of the upper slide plate 6 of the upper seat plate 4, the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the second middle seat plate 3 along the direction of the seat plate arc surface and are close to both sides of the upper slide plate 6 of the second middle seat plate 3; there are four lower rectangular inner rails 11, two of which are fixed on the curved surface of the lower slide plate 5 of the lower seat plate 1 along the direction of the skateboard arc surface, and are close to both sides of the lower slider 7 of the lower skateboard 5, and the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the lower slide plate 5 of the first middle seat plate 2 along the direction of the skateboard arc surface, and are close to both sides of the lower slider 7 of the lower skateboard 5; there are four upper rectangular inner rails 12, two of which are fixed on the curved surface of the upper slide plate 6 of the upper seat plate 4 along the direction of the skateboard arc surface, and are close to both sides of the upper slider 8 of the upper skateboard 6, and the other two are fixed on the curved surface of the upper slide plate 6 of the second middle seat plate 3 along the direction of the skateboard arc surface, and are close to both sides of the upper slider 8 of the upper skateboard 6.

[0047] The anti-pullout member is composed of a lower T-shaped rail 13, an upper T-shaped rail 14, a lower anti-pullout hook 15 and an upper anti-pullout hook 16; the cross section of the lower T-shaped rail 13 and the upper T-shaped rail 14 is T-shaped, and is arc-shaped and of equal thickness along the length direction, and the arc radius is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate; the length of the lower T-shaped rail 13 and the upper T-shaped rail 14 is less than or equal to the arc length of the seat plate; there are four lower T-shaped rails 13, two of which are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the lower seat plate 1 along the arc surface direction of the seat plate, and the other two are fixed on the first arc surface along the arc surface direction of the seat plate On both sides of the seat plate 2 arc surface; there are four upper T-shaped rails 14, two of which are fixed to the upper seat plate 4 on both sides of the arc surface along the seat plate arc surface direction, and the other two are fixed along the seat plate arc surface direction on both sides of the second seat plate 3 arc surface; the lower anti-pullout hook 15 and the upper anti-pullout hook 16 are I-shaped, the middle is a rectangular pull block, each end is a U-shaped hook, the U-shaped hook is arc-shaped along the length direction, and its arc radius is equal to the radius of the T-shaped track; the inner cross-sectional dimensions of the lower anti-pullout hook 15 of the U-shaped hook are the same as the T-shaped track 13 of the lower T The cross-sectional dimensions are equal, and the inner cross-sectional dimension of the U-shaped hook of the upper anti-pulling hook 16 is equal to the T-shaped cross-sectional dimension of the upper T-rail 14; there are two lower anti-pulling hooks 15, which are arranged between the two lower T-rails 13 located on the lower seat plate 1 and the first middle seat plate 2, one on each side of the arc surface; there are two upper anti-pulling hooks 16, which are arranged between the upper T-rail 14 located on the upper seat plate 4 and the second middle seat plate 3, one on each side of the arc surface; the U-shaped hook of the lower anti-pulling hook 15 is buckled on the lower T-rail 13, The lower anti-pullout hook 15 slides along the length direction of the lower T-shaped track 13 without falling off; the U-shaped pull hook of the upper anti-pullout hook 16 is buckled on the upper T-shaped track 14, and the upper anti-pullout hook 16 slides along the length direction of the upper T-shaped track 14 without falling off; the height of the lower anti-pullout hook 15 is equal to the net distance between the lower seat plate 1 and the first middle seat plate 2 at the center axis of the arc surface, the height of the upper anti-pullout hook 16 is equal to the net distance between the second middle seat plate 3 and the upper seat plate 4 at the center axis of the arc surface, and the heights of the lower anti-pullout hook 15 and the upper anti-pullout hook 16 are equal.

[0048] The lower rectangular outer rail 9, the upper rectangular outer rail 10, the lower T-shaped rail 13 and the upper T-shaped rail 14 are all fixed on the curved surface of each layer of the seat plate, and the lower rectangular inner rail 11 and the upper rectangular inner rail 12 are all fixed on the curved surface of each layer of the slide plate; the lower rectangular outer rail 9, the upper rectangular outer rail 10, the lower rectangular inner rail 11, the upper rectangular inner rail 12, the lower T-shaped rail 13 and the upper T-shaped rail 14 are all parallel to each other and symmetrical about the central axis of the seat plate curved surface; the initial positions of the lower slide plate 5, the upper slide plate 6, the lower slider 7, the upper slider 8, the lower anti-pullout hook 15 and the upper anti-pullout hook 16 are on the central axis of the seat plate curved surface and are symmetrical about the central axis.

[0049] The two lower slides 5 slide on the arc surfaces of the lower seat plate 1 and the first middle seat plate 2 along the length direction of the lower rectangular outer rails 9 on both sides without falling off, and the two upper slides 6 slide on the arc surfaces of the upper seat plate 4 and the second middle seat plate 3 along the length direction of the upper rectangular outer rails 10 on both sides without falling off; the lower slider 7 slides on the arc surfaces of the two lower slides 5 along the length direction of the four lower rectangular inner rails 11 on both sides without falling off, and the upper slider 8 slides on the arc surfaces of the two upper sliders 6 along the length direction of the four upper rectangular inner rails 12 on both sides without falling off; the friction layer is located on the arc-shaped sliding surface where the seat plate and the slider, and the slider and the slider contact, and the friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0050] The seat plate, slide plate, slider, guide and anti-pullout member are all made of high-strength steel, and the radius of their arc surfaces are all equal; the arc surface area of ​​the slider is smaller than the arc surface area of ​​the slide plate; the arc surface area of ​​the slide plate is smaller than the arc surface area of ​​the seat plate; the lower seat plate 1, the first middle seat plate 2, the lower slide plate 5, the lower slider 7, the lower rectangular outer rail 9, the lower rectangular inner rail 11, the lower T-shaped rail 13 and the lower anti-pullout hook 15 together constitute the lower layer of the vertical anti-pullout type double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum support; the upper seat plate 4, the second middle seat plate 3, the upper slide plate 6, the upper slider 8 , the upper rectangular outer rail 10, the upper rectangular inner rail 12, the upper T-shaped rail 14 and the upper pull-out hook 16 together constitute the upper part of the vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum support; the component composition and structural form of the lower part of the support are exactly the same as those of the upper part, but the lower part and the upper part are placed orthogonally in spatial position, that is, the sliding direction of the lower part of the support and the sliding direction of the upper part are perpendicularly crossed; the lower part and the upper part of the support can independently become a single-layer unidirectional movable pull-out resistant multi-stage friction pendulum support.

[0051] like Figures 1-13 As shown in the figure, the specific construction steps of the vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing are as follows:

[0052] The first step is to prefabricate the various components of the support.

[0053] According to the support structure, characteristics of each component and size of the support described in the present invention, each component is prefabricated one by one in the factory. Each support includes four seat plates (consisting of a lower seat plate 1, a first middle seat plate 2, a second middle seat plate 3 and an upper seat plate 4), four slides (consisting of two lower slides 5 and two upper slides 6), two sliders (consisting of a lower slider 7 and an upper slider 8), eight rectangular outer rails (consisting of four lower rectangular outer rails 9 and four upper rectangular outer rails 10), eight rectangular inner rails (consisting of four lower rectangular inner rails 11 and four upper rectangular inner rails 12), eight T-shaped rails (consisting of four lower T-shaped rails 13 and four upper T-shaped rails 14) and four anti-pullout hooks (consisting of two lower anti-pullout hooks 15 and two upper anti-pullout hooks 16).

[0054] The second step is to assemble the lower part of the support.

[0055] Step 2.1) Install the lower seat plate: Place the lower seat plate 1 on the bottom layer;

[0056] Step 2.2) Install the guide: Fix the two lower rectangular outer rails 9 on the curved surface of the lower seat plate 1 along the curved surface direction of the lower seat plate 1. The fixing method can be welding. The curved surface sliding area defined by the two lower rectangular outer rails 9 is in the middle of the lower seat plate 1, and the distance between the two lower rectangular outer rails 9 is equal to the width of the lower slide plate 5; Fix the two lower rectangular inner rails 11 on the curved surface of the lower slide plate 5 along the curved surface direction of the lower slide plate 5. The fixing method can be welding. The curved surface sliding area defined by the two lower rectangular inner rails 11 is in the middle of the lower slide plate 5, and the distance between the two lower rectangular inner rails 11 is equal to the width of the lower slider 7; Use the same arrangement to fix the other two lower rectangular outer rails 9 on the curved surface of the first middle seat plate 2, and fix the other two lower rectangular inner rails 11 on the curved surface of the other lower slide plate 5; A friction layer is provided on the curved surface sliding area;

[0057] Step 2.3) Install the anti-pullout parts: Loop one end of the two lower anti-pullout hooks 15 onto the two lower T-shaped rails 13 respectively; fix the two lower T-shaped rails 13 along the arc surface of the lower seat plate 1 on both sides of the arc surface of the lower seat plate 1, and the fixing method can be welding;

[0058] Step 2.4) Assemble the lower part: place the lower slide 5 between the two lower rectangular outer rails 9 on the lower seat plate 1, and place the lower slider 7 between the two lower rectangular inner rails 11 on the lower slide 5; pass the other two lower T-shaped rails 13 through and buckle them on the other ends of the two lower anti-pullout hooks 15; place the lower slide 5 located on the arc surface of the first middle seat plate 2 on the top surface of the lower slider 7, symmetrical with the lower slide 5 located on the arc surface of the lower seat plate 1; place the first middle seat plate 2 on the lower slide 5 located on the top surface of the lower slider 7, symmetrical with the lower seat plate 1; fix the other two lower T-shaped rails 13 located on the first middle seat plate 2 on both sides of the arc surface of the first middle seat plate 2 along the arc direction; at this point, the assembly of the lower part of the support is completed.

[0059] The third step is to assemble the upper part of the support.

[0060] The component composition and structural form of the upper part of the support are exactly the same as those of the lower part, and the assembly method is the same as the second step; the lower part and the upper part of the support can independently become a single-layer unidirectional movable pull-out friction pendulum support.

[0061] Step 4: Assemble the upper and lower parts of the support.

[0062] The lower portion of the support is placed underneath, and the upper portion is rotated 90° within a plane and placed above it, ensuring that the top surface of the lower portion's first center seat plate 2 and the bottom surface of the upper portion's second center seat plate 3 completely overlap. The two components are welded together. Spatially, the upper and lower portions of the support are orthogonal, meaning the arcuate surfaces of the upper and lower components are perpendicular to each other. This ensures that the sliding direction of the lower portion of the support intersects perpendicularly with the sliding direction of the upper portion.

[0063] During the actual production process of the support, the first middle seat plate 2 and the second middle seat plate 3 can also be directly prefabricated into one piece to form a middle seat plate with both upper and lower surfaces being arc surfaces and the arc surfaces being perpendicularly crossed; similarly, the guide members and anti-pullout members can also be prefabricated to form one piece with the corresponding seat plates and slide plates to increase the overall mechanical properties of the support.

[0064] like Figures 1-13 As shown in the figure, the specific movement mode of the vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing is:

[0065] To facilitate the description of bearing sliding and deformation, the following assumptions are made:

[0066] A) Assume that X and Y are two mutually perpendicular directions in a plane, and Z is the vertical direction perpendicular to the XY plane;

[0067] B) Assume that the lower seat plate 1 of the support is fixed;

[0068] C) Assume that the lower part of the support slides relatively in the X direction (does not move in the Y direction), and the upper part slides relatively in the Y direction (moves as a whole in the X direction).

[0069] When the support is not subjected to external loads, all internal components remain stationary in their initial state. Specifically, the lower slide plate 5, upper slide plate 6, lower slider 7, upper slider 8, lower anti-pullout hook 15, and upper anti-pullout hook 16 are all on the central axis of the curved surface of each seat plate and are symmetrical about the central axis.

[0070] When the bearing is subjected to a sufficiently large external load, the internal components begin to slide and the bearing as a whole begins to deform. This can be divided into four specific situations:

[0071] a) The support is subjected to a horizontal external load in the X direction: at this time, the two lower slides 5 of the lower part of the support slide along the lower rectangular outer rails 9 on both sides, respectively, in the arc sliding area defined on the lower seat plate 1 and the first middle seat plate 2 in the X direction; the lower slider 7 slides along the lower rectangular inner rails 11 on both sides, in the arc sliding area defined on the two lower slides 5 in the X direction; correspondingly, the first middle seat plate 2 also slides in the X direction; the two ends of the lower anti-pullout hook 15 are buckled on the lower T-shaped track 13. When the lower slider 7, the lower slide 5 and the first middle seat plate 2 begin to slide, the lower anti-pullout hook 15 also begins to slide on the lower T-shaped track 13 in the X direction; at the same time, the upper part of the support slides as a whole along the X direction with the first middle seat plate 2.

[0072] b) The support is subjected to a horizontal external load along the Y direction: at this time, the second middle seat plate 3 of the support remains fixed with the lower part; the two upper slides 6 of the upper part of the support slide along the upper rectangular outer rails 10 on both sides, respectively, in the arc sliding area defined on the upper seat plate 4 and the second middle seat plate 3 along the Y direction; the upper slider 8 slides along the upper rectangular inner rails 12 on both sides, in the arc sliding area defined on the two upper slides 6; relatively, the upper seat plate 4 also slides along the Y direction; the two ends of the upper anti-pullout hook 16 are buckled on the upper T-shaped track 14. When the upper slider 8, the upper slide 6 and the upper seat plate 4 begin to slide, the upper anti-pullout hook 16 also begins to slide along the Y direction on the upper T-shaped track 14.

[0073] c) The support is subjected to an external load in any direction within the plane: In this case, the external load in any direction within the plane can be decomposed into loads in the X and Y directions, causing the lower and upper parts of the support to slide simultaneously in the X and Y directions, respectively. The sliding deformation of the lower part of the support in the X direction follows the case a), and the sliding deformation of the upper part in the Y direction follows the case b).

[0074] d) The support is subjected to external loads in any direction in space: At this time, the external loads in any direction in space can be decomposed into the X, Y and Z directions, so that the support is in a three-dimensional force state; the sliding and deformation modes of the support along the XY plane still follow situations a), b) and c); under vertical external loads, if it is a compression action, the support will withstand the compression force through the seat plate, slide plate and slider, and transfer the upper load to the base; if it is a pull-out action, the support will withstand the pull-out force through the seat plate, T-track and pull-out hook to prevent the support from becoming empty and overturning due to pulling.

[0075] Under the action of external loads, when the internal components of the support slide along the arc surface, the support as a whole will be lifted upward, that is, the vertical height of the support will continue to change due to horizontal movement. During the lifting process, although the total vertical height of the support will increase, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent seat plate arc surfaces at the internal slider always remains constant and is equal to the height of the slider + the thickness of the two sliders. It should be noted that a prerequisite for achieving the three-way force performance goals of the support in the present invention, two horizontal sliding and vertical compression and pull-out resistance, is that the arc-shaped sliders are of equal thickness. In other words, at any time when sliding inside the support, the sum of the slider height where the slider is located and the thickness of the two sliders above and below it is a constant. This constant is also equal to the height of the pull-out hook.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the present profession may make slight changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes using the above technical content without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing, comprising a seat plate, a slide plate, a slider, a guide member, a friction layer, and a pull-out resistant member, characterized in that: The slide plate is arranged on the seat plate; the slider is arranged on the slide plate; the guide member is arranged on the seat plate and the slide plate; the slide plate and the slider slide on the seat plate and the slide plate respectively along the guide member; the friction layer is arranged on the contact surface between the seat plate and the slide plate, and between the slide plate and the slider; the anti-pull member is arranged between the seat plates; The seat plate is composed of a lower seat plate (1), a first middle seat plate (2), a second middle seat plate (3) and an upper seat plate (4); the lower seat plate (1), the first middle seat plate (2), the second middle seat plate (3) and the upper seat plate (4) are sequentially arranged at the lower layer, the middle layer and the upper layer; the bottom surface of the lower seat plate (1), the top surface of the upper seat plate (4), the top surface of the first middle seat plate (2) and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate (3) are all square and equal in size; the top surface of the lower seat plate (1), the bottom surface of the upper seat plate (4), the bottom surface of the first middle seat plate (2) and the top surface of the second middle seat plate (3) are all arc surfaces with equal arc surface radius; the top surface of the first middle seat plate (2) and the bottom surface of the second middle seat plate (3) completely overlap and are fixed together; the sizes of the lower seat plate (1), the first middle seat plate (2), the second middle seat plate (3) and the upper seat plate (4) are exactly the same; The slide plate is composed of a lower slide plate (5) and an upper slide plate (6); the top and bottom surfaces of the lower slide plate (5) and the upper slide plate (6) are arc surfaces; the arc surface radius of the lower slide plate (5) and the upper slide plate (6) is equal to the arc surface radius of the seat plate; there are two lower slide plates (5), which are respectively arranged on the top surface of the lower seat plate (1) and the bottom surface of the first middle seat plate (2); there are two upper slide plates (6), which are respectively arranged on the top surface of the second middle seat plate (3) and the bottom surface of the upper seat plate (4); the sizes of the lower slide plate (5) and the upper slide plate (6) are exactly the same; The slider consists of a lower slider (7) and an upper slider (8); the lower slider (7) and the upper slider (8) are hexahedrons with arc surfaces on the top and bottom and rectangular surfaces on the other four sides; the arc radius of the lower slider (7) and the upper slider (8) is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate; the lower slider (7) is arranged between the two lower sliders (5); the upper slider (8) is arranged between the two upper sliders (6); the sizes of the lower slider (7) and the upper slider (8) are exactly the same; The guide member is composed of a lower rectangular outer rail (9), an upper rectangular outer rail (10), a lower rectangular inner rail (11) and an upper rectangular inner rail (12); the cross sections of the lower rectangular outer rail (9), the upper rectangular outer rail (10), the lower rectangular inner rail (11) and the upper rectangular inner rail (12) are square and arc-shaped along the length direction; the arc radius of the lower rectangular outer rail (9), the upper rectangular outer rail (10), the lower rectangular inner rail (11) and the upper rectangular inner rail (12) is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate; There are four lower rectangular outer rails (9), two of which are fixed on the arc surface of the lower seat plate (1) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the lower slide plate (5) located on the lower seat plate (1), and the other two are fixed on the arc surface of the first middle seat plate (2) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the lower slide plate (5) located on the first middle seat plate (2); there are four upper rectangular outer rails (10), two of which are fixed on the arc surface of the upper seat plate (4) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the upper slide plate (6) located on the upper seat plate (4), and the other two are fixed on the arc surface of the second middle seat plate (3) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate and are closely attached to the two sides of the upper slide plate (6) located on the second middle seat plate (3); the sizes of the lower rectangular outer rails (9) and the upper rectangular outer rails (10) are exactly the same; The lower rectangular inner rails (11) are four in number, two of which are fixed on the arc surface of the lower slide plate (5) located on the lower seat plate (1) along the direction of the slide arc surface and are in close contact with the two sides of the lower slider (7) located on the lower slide plate (5), and the other two are fixed on the arc surface of the lower slide plate (5) located on the first middle seat plate (2) along the direction of the slide arc surface and are in close contact with the two sides of the lower slider (7) located on the lower slide plate (5); the upper rectangular inner rails (12) are four in number, two of which are fixed on the arc surface of the upper slide plate (6) located on the upper seat plate (4) along the direction of the slide arc surface and are in close contact with the two sides of the upper slider (8) located on the upper slide plate (6), and the other two are fixed on the arc surface of the upper slide plate (6) located on the second middle seat plate (3) along the direction of the slide arc surface and are in close contact with the two sides of the upper slider (8) located on the upper slide plate (6); the sizes of the lower rectangular inner rails (11) and the upper rectangular inner rails (12) are exactly the same; The anti-pullout member is composed of a lower T-shaped rail (13), an upper T-shaped rail (14), a lower anti-pullout hook (15) and an upper anti-pullout hook (16); the cross-sections of the lower T-shaped rail (13) and the upper T-shaped rail (14) are T-shaped and arc-shaped along the length direction; the arc radius of the lower T-shaped rail (13) and the upper T-shaped rail (14) is equal to the arc radius of the seat plate; there are four lower T-shaped rails (13), two of which are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the lower seat plate (1) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate, and the other two are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the first middle seat plate (2) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate; there are four upper T-shaped rails (14), two of which are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the upper seat plate (4) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate, and the other two are fixed on both sides of the arc surface of the second middle seat plate (3) along the arc surface direction of the seat plate; the sizes of the lower T-shaped rail (13) and the upper T-shaped rail (14) are exactly the same; The lower anti-pullout hook (15) and the upper anti-pullout hook (16) have the same structure and size, and both have a rectangular pull block in the middle, and both ends are U-shaped pull hooks with openings facing outwards, and the U-shaped pull hooks are provided with a fastening portion; the U-shaped pull hook is arc-shaped along the length direction; the arc radius of the U-shaped pull hook is equal to the radius of the T-shaped track; there are two lower anti-pullout hooks (15) and two upper anti-pullout hooks (16); the U-shaped pull hook of each lower anti-pullout hook (15) is buckled on two upper and lower adjacent lower T-shaped tracks (13); the U-shaped pull hook of each upper anti-pullout hook (16) is buckled on two upper and lower adjacent upper T-shaped tracks (14); the U-shaped pull hook slides along the track of the buckled T-shaped track and does not fall off; The radii of the arc surfaces of the seat plate, the slide plate, the slider, the guide member and the anti-pull member are all equal; the arc surface area of ​​the slider is smaller than the arc surface area of ​​the slide plate; the arc surface area of ​​the slide plate is smaller than the arc surface area of ​​the seat plate; the seat plate changes thickness along the arc surface; the slide plate has a constant thickness along the arc surface; the slider maintains a constant height; the lower rectangular outer rail (9) and the upper rectangular outer rail (10) have a constant thickness along the arc surface, and their length is less than or equal to the arc surface length of the seat plate; the lower rectangular inner rail (11) and the upper rectangular inner rail (12) The thickness along the arc surface is equal, and its length is less than or equal to the arc surface length of the slide; the lower T-shaped track (13) and the upper T-shaped track (14) are of equal thickness along the arc surface, and their length is less than or equal to the arc surface length of the seat plate; the height of the lower anti-pullout hook (15) and the upper anti-pullout hook (16) are respectively the net distance between the lower seat plate (1) and the first middle seat plate (2), and the second middle seat plate (3) and the upper seat plate (4) at the center axis of the arc surface when the support is in the initial state, and the net distance is equal to the height of the slider + the thickness of the two slides; The lower seat plate (1), the first middle seat plate (2), the lower slide plate (5), the lower slider (7), the lower rectangular outer rail (9), the lower rectangular inner rail (11), the lower T-shaped rail (13) and the lower anti-pullout hook (15) together constitute the lower layer; the upper seat plate (4), the second middle seat plate (3), the upper slide plate (6), the upper slider (8), the upper rectangular outer rail (10), the upper rectangular inner rail (12), the upper T-shaped rail (14) and the upper anti-pullout hook (16) together constitute the upper layer; the component composition and structural form of the lower layer are exactly the same as those of the upper layer; the lower layer is orthogonal to the upper layer in spatial position, and the sliding direction of the lower layer is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the upper layer; the lower layer and the upper layer are both independently formed into a single-layer, unidirectionally movable anti-pullout type multi-stage friction pendulum support.

2. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two lower slides (5) slide along the length direction of the lower rectangular outer rails (9) on both sides thereof, respectively, on the arc surface of the lower seat plate (1) and the first middle seat plate (2) without falling off; the two upper slides (6) slide along the length direction of the upper rectangular outer rails (10) on both sides thereof, respectively, on the arc surface of the upper seat plate (4) and the second middle seat plate (3) without falling off.

3. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower slider (7) slides on the arc surface of the lower slide plate (5) along the length direction of the lower rectangular inner rails (11) on both sides without falling off; the upper slider (8) slides on the arc surface of the upper slide plate (6) along the length direction of the upper rectangular inner rails (12) on both sides without falling off.

4. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The friction layer is located in the arc surface sliding area defined by the guide member, and the friction material is polytetrafluoroethylene.

5. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner cross-sectional dimension of the U-shaped hook of the lower anti-pullout hook (15) is equal to the T-shaped cross-sectional dimension of the lower T-shaped track (13); the inner cross-sectional dimension of the U-shaped hook of the upper anti-pullout hook (16) is equal to the T-shaped cross-sectional dimension of the upper T-shaped track (14).

6. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower rectangular outer rail (9), the upper rectangular outer rail (10), the lower T-shaped rail (13) and the upper T-shaped rail (14) are all fixed on the arc surface of each layer of the seat plate; the lower rectangular inner rail (11) and the upper rectangular inner rail (12) are all fixed on the arc surface of each layer of the slide plate.

7. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lower rectangular outer rail (9), the upper rectangular outer rail (10), the lower rectangular inner rail (11), the upper rectangular inner rail (12), the lower T-shaped rail (13) and the upper T-shaped rail (14) are all parallel to each other and symmetrical about the central axis of the seat plate arc surface.

8. The vertical pull-out resistant double-layer bidirectional movable friction pendulum bearing according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The initial positions of the lower slide plate (5), the upper slide plate (6), the lower slider (7), the upper slider (8), the lower anti-pullout hook (15) and the upper anti-pullout hook (16) are all on the central axis of the seat plate arc surface and are symmetrical about the central axis.

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