Fish scale-shaped erosion-resistant bionic mat and application method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of bridge engineering protection equipment, in particular to a fish scale-shaped anti-scouring bionic pad and an application method. The fish scale-shaped anti-scouring bionic pad comprises two steel wire meshes, a plurality of pile top sheaths are installed on the opposite sides of the two steel wire meshes at equal intervals, the plurality of pile top sheaths on one steel wire mesh are one-to-one corresponding to the plurality of pile top sheaths on the other steel wire mesh; the application method of the fish scale-shaped anti-scouring bionic pad comprises the following steps: S1, the sleeve pipe piece 6 at the lower end of the fish scale 2 is penetrated through the steel wire rope vertically arranged in the steel wire mesh 1, and the sleeve pipe piece 6 can only rotate by 180 DEG. The application is convenient for quick installation and fixation, can effectively clamp and fix the pile foundation, can play the anti-scouring role around the pile foundation, and can effectively guarantee the firmness of connection through the anti-skid rivets, and improve the safety in use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge engineering protection equipment technology, and in particular to a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge pier scour is a critical aspect of bridge design, and its damage to bridges is often sudden and unpredictable. Numerous factors influence pier scour, making accurate prediction difficult. Changes in hydrological phenomena lead to sudden and unpredictable damage to bridge structures, especially in locations with high current velocities near piers, downstream of reservoirs, dams, and power stations, where the impact on piers and abutments is significant and difficult to predict. The depth and severity of pier scour directly threaten the safety of the pier foundation. Scour itself is a complex and multifaceted process influenced by numerous factors. Scour damage to the foundation structure is one of the leading causes of structural failure and loss of safety performance in modern bridges.

[0003] Bionic aquatic plants for erosion control have limited applicability, proving less effective in narrow mountain valleys with rapid currents, and are also relatively expensive. Rockfill protection is easy to construct, but maintenance costs are high, the cycle is short, and its erosion control effect is poor. Enlarging the bridge pier foundation increases the water-blocking area, which can affect navigation; in situations with high water velocity in front of the pier or significant water level drops due to upstream dam discharges, it can actually accelerate erosion. Using concrete blocks is similar to rockfill, with poor effectiveness and high investment. Grouting to reinforce the riverbed for erosion control causes significant pollution to the river flow, is difficult to implement due to high water velocity, requires high investment, and has limited applicability, so it is rarely used. Open-joint protection, pile front-row pile protection, and submerged sill protection are limited by the direction of water flow and are mainly suitable for erosion protection of pile piers in rivers; their protective effect is not significant in certain special environments.

[0004] The existing technology, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN216999267U, describes a bridge pier anti-scour device. This device is an anti-scour structure installed on the water-facing side of a bridge pier, comprising pile foundations and a cap. Three pile foundations are arranged in a triangle, along the water-facing side of the bridge pier or the upstream side of the bridge pier body, with two piles near the pier and one pile further away. The cap connects the tops of the three pile foundations into a single unit. This invention offers better anti-scour effects on bridge piers downstream of rivers and reservoirs than conventional methods such as riprap placement, enlarged pier foundations, concrete block protection, and riverbed grouting reinforcement. The shape of the pile foundations and cap effectively diverts river flow, reduces water obstruction, and minimizes scour, while also effectively protecting the main structure of the bridge pier. The novel anti-scour device features a simple pile foundation and cap structure, allowing for simultaneous design and implementation with the bridge piers and abutments, resulting in smooth project implementation, a simple method, short construction period, and cost savings.

[0005] Current research on pile foundation scour mainly relies on field monitoring and model tests, with the latter being the primary method. Practical application is limited, while theoretical research dominates, making it difficult to develop effective protection measures. Commonly used scour protection measures in China include rock dumping, soil stabilization, and geotextile compaction. However, rock dumping is prone to erosion and secondary scour, requiring significant maintenance; soil stabilization requires large amounts of solidifying agents, causing severe pollution to the underwater environment; and geotextile compaction carries the risk of sand loss under repeated scour. Therefore, we propose a fish-scale-shaped biomimetic scour protection mat and its application method to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad and its application method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat includes two wire meshes. Multiple pile top sleeves are installed at equal intervals on opposite sides of the two wire meshes. Each pile top sleeve on one wire mesh corresponds one-to-one with a pile top sleeve on the other wire mesh. Corresponding pile top sleeves are detachably connected and share a common pile foundation. Multiple anti-slip rivets are installed at equal intervals on the wire meshes. The lower end of each anti-slip rivet extends to the lower end of the wire mesh, and the upper end of each anti-slip rivet is flush with the upper end of the wire mesh. Multiple fish-scale-like scales are rotatably sleeved at equal intervals on the wire meshes, with each scale located above the anti-slip rivets on the same wire mesh.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, this application facilitates quick installation and fixation, and can effectively clamp and fix the pile foundation to prevent erosion around the pile foundation. At the same time, the anti-slip rivets can effectively ensure the firmness of the connection and improve the safety of use.

[0010] Preferably, both ends of the pile top sheath are fixed with clamps. On one wire mesh, the clamps at both ends of multiple pile top sheaths are located on the outside of the pile top sheath, while on the other wire mesh, the clamps at both ends of multiple pile top sheaths are located inside the pile top sheath. The two clamps on the same side of the corresponding two pile top sheaths are interlocked.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, it can be fully guaranteed that the two corresponding pile top sleeves can be interlocked, which facilitates effective connection and fixation with the pile foundation.

[0012] Preferably, a ring is fixed to one side of the lower end of the pile top sheath, and the ring is fixedly connected to the wire mesh on one side thereof.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the strength of the connection can be guaranteed.

[0014] Preferably, sleeves are fixed on both sides of the lower end of the imitation fish scales, and the sleeves are fitted onto vertically arranged steel wire ropes inside the steel wire mesh connected to them.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, excessive movement of parts can be effectively avoided, while ensuring that the fish scale-like scales can rotate 180°.

[0016] Preferably, each of the four corners of the upper end of the anti-slip rivet is fixed with a fixing buckle, and two fixing buckles on the same side form a group. The two groups of fixing buckles are respectively fixed to two vertically arranged steel wire ropes inside the wire mesh on both sides of the anti-slip rivet.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the fastening buckle can ensure the firmness of the anti-slip rivet connection.

[0018] Preferably, the anti-slip rivet is tapered and filled with sand.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the weight can be increased by using sand and gravel, thus better ensuring stability.

[0020] Preferably, the pile top sheath is covered with a rubber protective layer.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solutions, it is helpful to fully protect the pile foundation, and at the same time, the rubber protective layer can achieve compression deformation, which can better adapt to the pile foundation.

[0022] This invention also proposes a method for applying a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S1. Pass the sleeve at the lower end of the imitation fish scale through the vertically installed steel wire rope inside the wire mesh, and make the sleeve only rotate 180°.

[0024] S2. The fixing buckle can connect and fix the anti-slip rivet to two adjacent steel wire ropes, and make it correspond to the imitation fish scales on the steel wire rope, so as to cover it.

[0025] S3. Connect the edges of the pile top sheath and the wire mesh using a ring buckle;

[0026] S4. When using, fill the anti-slip rivets with sand and gravel to facilitate connection with the base layer. At the same time, set two wire meshes on both sides of the pile foundation and make the pile top sleeves on the two wire meshes correspond to the pile foundation.

[0027] S5. The clamps allow the corresponding pile top sleeves on the two wire meshes to be inserted into each other, which facilitates the pile top sleeves to fully clamp the pile foundation and achieve the anti-scouring function.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] 1. Connect the sleeve fitting with the imitation fish scales, and connect the anti-slip rivets in series with the anti-slip rivet fixing buckle to form a row of fish scale-shaped anti-erosion bionic pads. Connect multiple rows of anti-slip rivets with fixing buckles, and splice the two anti-erosion bionic pads with pile top sleeves together with clamps to form an integral anti-erosion pad.

[0030] 2. The imitation fish scales are fixed to the pile foundation through the pile top sleeve, that is, the river channel around the pile foundation, to cover the pile foundation. The two parts of the pile top sleeve are fixed together with pliers to finally form a pile foundation anti-scour protection device.

[0031] 3. Through the action of the imitation fish scales and the sleeve fittings, the reciprocating rotation of the sleeve fittings can be effectively realized, which can well cope with the impact of water flow, help to provide a certain resistance, and reduce the erosion of the pile foundation. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad proposed in this invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the anti-slip rivet of a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad proposed in this invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the anti-slip rivet filling structure of a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad proposed in this invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the pile top sheath and clamp of a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad proposed in this invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the vertical state of the fish scale-like biomimetic pad for anti-erosion proposed in this invention.

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Wire mesh, 2. Imitation fish scales, 3. Anti-slip rivets, 4. Pile foundation, 5. Pile top protective sleeve, 6. Pipe fittings, 7. Fixing buckle, 8. Filling sand, 9. Caliper, 10. Rubber protective layer, 11. Ring buckle. Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0039] Reference Figure 1-5A fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat includes two wire meshes 1. Each wire mesh 1 consists of a wire loop and multiple vertically arranged wire ropes connected to the wire loop. Multiple pile top sleeves 5 are installed at equal intervals on opposite sides of the two wire meshes 1. The pile top sleeves 5 on one wire mesh 1 correspond one-to-one with the pile top sleeves 5 on the other wire mesh 1. Corresponding pile top sleeves 5 are detachably connected, and a pile foundation 4 is sandwiched between the corresponding pile top sleeves 5. Multiple anti-slip rivets 3 are installed at equal intervals on the wire mesh 1. The nail 3 is set between two adjacent vertically arranged steel wire ropes. The lower end of the anti-slip rivet 3 extends to the lower end of the wire mesh 1 to facilitate connection with the base layer. At the same time, the tapered shape facilitates better connection with the base layer. The upper end of the anti-slip rivet 3 is flush with the upper end of the wire mesh 1 to help ensure a flat surface. Multiple imitation fish scales 2 are rotatably sleeved on the wire mesh 1 at equal intervals. The multiple imitation fish scales 2 on the same wire mesh 1 are located above the multiple anti-slip rivets 3 on the wire mesh 1. The setting of the imitation fish scales 2 allows the imitation fish scales 2 to rotate 180°.

[0040] Reference Figure 4 Both ends of the pile top sheath 5 are fixed with clamps 9. On one wire mesh 1, the clamps 9 at both ends of multiple pile top sheaths 5 are located on the outside of the pile top sheath 5. On the other wire mesh 1, the clamps 9 at both ends of multiple pile top sheaths 5 are located inside the pile top sheath 5. The two clamps 9 on the same side of the corresponding two pile top sheaths 5 are interlocked with each other. Through the action of the clamps 9, they can be inserted into each other for connection and fixation. The two inward-turning clamps 9 will be inserted into the two outward-turning clamps 9 respectively.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , 4 A ring 11 is fixed to one side of the lower end of the pile top sheath 5. The ring 11 is fixedly connected to the wire mesh 1 on one side of it, which can connect the ring 11 and the wire mesh 1, fully ensuring the stability of the position of the pile top sheath 5. It can also better clamp the pile foundation 4 with the two pile top sheaths 5. The pile top sheath 5 is covered with a rubber protective layer 10, which can improve the protection capability. At the same time, due to the function of the rubber protective layer 10, it can effectively adapt to the small errors of the pile foundation 4, ensuring the firmness of the connection and improving practicality.

[0042] Reference Figure 3 , 5 Both sides of the lower end of the imitation fish scale 2 are fixed with sleeves 6. The sleeves 6 are fitted onto the vertically arranged steel wire rope inside the steel wire mesh 1 connected to them. The sleeves 6 are pipes that can only rotate 180°, which can effectively limit the rotation range of the imitation fish scale 2, and can play a good role in resisting the water flow, reducing the impact of the water flow, and better protecting the pile foundation 4 and the bridge pier components.

[0043] Reference Figure 3The upper four corners of the anti-slip rivet 3 are all fixed with fixing buckles 7. Two fixing buckles 7 on the same side form a group. The two groups of fixing buckles 7 are respectively fixed inside the wire mesh 1 on the two vertically arranged steel wire ropes on both sides of the anti-slip rivet 3. This can fully ensure the firmness of the connection, facilitate the formation of a whole with the wire mesh 1, and avoid loosening.

[0044] Reference Figure 3 The anti-slip rivet 3 is tapered and is filled with sand 8. The sand increases the weight, improves contact with the base layer, and increases friction.

[0045] This invention also proposes a method for applying a fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat, comprising the following steps:

[0046] S1. Pass the sleeve 6 at the lower end of the imitation fish scale 2 through the vertically installed steel wire rope inside the wire mesh 1, and make the sleeve 6 only rotate 180°.

[0047] S2. The anti-slip rivet 3 can be connected and fixed to two adjacent steel wire ropes by the fixing buckle 7, and it can correspond to the imitation fish scale 2 on the steel wire rope to cover it.

[0048] S3. Connect the edges of the pile top sheath 5 and the wire mesh 1 through the ring buckle 11;

[0049] S4. When using, fill the anti-slip rivets 4 with sand and gravel to facilitate connection with the base layer. At the same time, set two wire meshes 1 on both sides of the pile foundation 4, and make the pile top sheaths 5 on the two wire meshes 1 correspond to the pile foundation 4. The pile foundation 4 can be a bridge pile foundation structure.

[0050] S5. The clamps 9 allow the two corresponding pile top sleeves 5 on the two wire meshes 1 to be inserted into each other, so that the pile top sleeves 5 can fully clamp the pile foundation 4 and achieve the anti-scouring function.

[0051] In this invention, the sleeve 6 at the lower end of the imitation fish scale 2 is connected to the steel wire rope in the wire mesh 1 and is connected to the steel wire rope through a 180° rotating shaft, allowing it to swing freely 180° in the direction of water flow. The sleeve 6 is made of high-strength plastic, and the 180° swing is achieved through the sleeve 6. The imitation fish scale 2 is made of ultra-thin, high-toughness rubber. The anti-slip rivet 3 is made of high-strength rubber and is hollow and filled with sand and gravel to increase counterweight, serving to adhere to and fix the imitation fish scale 2 to the ground. The anti-slip rivet 3 includes a rivet wall, a fixing buckle, and sand and gravel filling. The fixing buckle 7 is a fixing buckle. Made of rubber, it is heat-fused to the anti-slip rivet 3 wall for connecting the steel wire rope with imitation fish scales 2. The pile top sheath 5 is welded to the fixing buckle 7. The pile top sheath 5 is made of high-strength plastic steel. The inner side of the pile top sheath 5 is attached with a rubber protective layer 10. The pile top sheath 5 and the rubber protective layer 10 are bonded by heat fusion. The pile top sheath 5 is connected to the two parts of the pile top sheath 5 by the clamp 9 to form a complete protective device. The lower part of the pile top sheath 5 is equipped with a ring buckle 11, which is made of high-toughness rubber. The vertical steel wire rope in the steel wire mesh 1 is connected to the pile top sheath 5 in series through the ring buckle 11.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat, comprising two wire meshes (1), characterized in that: Multiple pile top sleeves (5) are installed at equal intervals on opposite sides of two wire meshes (1). Each pile top sleeve (5) on one wire mesh (1) corresponds one-to-one with a pile top sleeve (5) on the other wire mesh (1). Corresponding pile top sleeves (5) are detachably connected, and a pile foundation (4) is sandwiched between them. Multiple anti-slip rivets (3) are installed at equal intervals on the wire meshes (1). The lower end of the rivet (3) extends to the lower end of the wire mesh (1). The upper end of the anti-slip rivet (3) is flush with the upper end of the wire mesh (1). Multiple imitation fish scales (2) are rotatably sleeved on the wire mesh (1) at equal intervals. Multiple imitation fish scales (2) on the same wire mesh (1) are located at the upper ends of multiple anti-slip rivets (3) on the wire mesh (1). The anti-slip rivet (3) is cone-shaped and is filled with filling sand (8).

2. The fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the pile top sheath (5) are fixed with clamps (9). The clamps (9) at both ends of multiple pile top sheaths (5) on one wire mesh (1) are located on the outside of the pile top sheath (5). The clamps (9) at both ends of multiple pile top sheaths (5) on the other wire mesh (1) are located inside the pile top sheath (5). The two clamps (9) on the same side of the corresponding two pile top sheaths (5) are interlocked.

3. The fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad according to claim 2, characterized in that: A ring (11) is fixed to one side of the lower end of the pile top sheath (5), and the ring (11) is fixedly connected to the wire mesh (1) on one side thereto.

4. The fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the lower end of the imitation fish scale (2) are fixed with sleeves (6), and the sleeves (6) are sleeved on the vertically arranged steel wire rope inside the steel wire mesh (1) connected to them.

5. The fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper four corners of the anti-slip rivet (3) are all fixed with buckles (7). Two buckles (7) on the same side form a group. The two groups of buckles (7) are respectively fixed on two vertically arranged steel wire ropes inside the wire mesh (1) on both sides of the anti-slip rivet (3).

6. The fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic mat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile top sheath (5) is covered with a rubber protective layer (10).

7. A method for applying the fish-scale-shaped anti-erosion biomimetic pad according to claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Pass the sleeve (6) at the lower end of the imitation fish scale (2) through the vertically installed steel wire rope inside the wire mesh (1), and make the sleeve (6) only rotate 180°. S2. The anti-slip rivet (3) and the two adjacent steel wire ropes can be connected and fixed by the fixing buckle (7), and it can correspond to the imitation fish scales (2) on the steel wire rope to provide cover. S3. Connect the edges of the pile top sheath (5) and the wire mesh (1) by means of the ring buckle (11); S4. When using, fill the anti-slip rivets (3) with sand and gravel to facilitate connection with the base layer. At the same time, set two wire meshes (1) on both sides of the pile foundation (4) and make the pile top sleeves (5) on the two wire meshes (1) correspond to the pile foundation (4). S5. The clamp (9) allows the two corresponding pile top sleeves (5) on the two wire meshes (1) to be inserted into each other, so that the pile top sleeves (5) can fully clamp the pile foundation (4) and realize the anti-scouring function.

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