Straight blade vertical axis wind turbine

Abstract

The present invention provides a straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine, wherein the pitch angle of the blades of the wind turbine can be adjusted, and the wind turbine includes a pitch angle control unit for adjusting the pitch angle of the blades of the generator, wherein the pitch angle control unit includes a connecting mechanism that forms a movable connection with the blades; and a guide mechanism installed at the bottom end of the blades, wherein the guide mechanism includes a control ring and a control track arranged below the blades, wherein the control ring and the control track cooperate so that the pitch angle of the blades can be changed when the blades rotate, wherein the control track is an annular track with a variable polar diameter; and a wind direction control unit and a blade load-bearing unit.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of the invention patent application with application number 202010138846.7, application date March 3, 2020, and invention name “Straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine”. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, in particular to a straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine generator. Background Art

[0003] In recent years, horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs) have been widely used and commercially successful worldwide due to their mature technology. However, the increasing demand for high energy production has led to a trend toward further increases in the size and weight of HAWTs, resulting in numerous challenging issues, such as high bending moments at the cantilever blade roots, high overturning moments at the tower base, unbearable noise levels, and high maintenance costs. Meanwhile, vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their advantages of being insensitive to wind direction, easy to install, low maintenance costs, and low aerodynamic noise. However, fixed-pitch, straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbines (SBVAWTs) experience continuous changes in the blade angle of attack due to their rotational pattern, resulting in low energy production and poor self-starting capability. Furthermore, the cantilevered blade support limits the size of current SBVAWTs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention is proposed to solve all or at least one of the above-mentioned problems. The technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention provides a straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine, wherein the pitch angle of the blades of the wind turbine is adjustable, and the wind turbine includes a pitch angle control unit for adjusting the pitch angle of the blades of the turbine.

[0005] The pitch angle control unit includes: a connecting mechanism that forms a movable connection with the blade; and a guide mechanism installed at the bottom end of the blade, the guide mechanism includes a control ring and a control track arranged below the blade, the control ring and the control track cooperate so that the pitch angle of the blade can be changed when the blade rotates, wherein the control track is a ring track with a variable polar diameter.

[0006] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes: a first connecting member forming a movable connection with the upper end of the blade; and a second connecting member forming a movable connection with the lower end of the blade, wherein the movable connection of the first connecting member to the upper end of the blade and the movable connection of the second connecting member to the lower end of the blade enable the blade to rotate and allow the pitch angle of the blade to be adjusted.

[0007] Preferably, the first connecting member and the second connecting member include a bearing and a connecting plate, respectively.

[0008] Preferably, the control ring is disc-shaped, and the control track is fixed on the control ring and has a rectangular cross-section.

[0009] Preferably, the guide mechanism also includes a control rod, one end of which is installed at the tail of the bottom end of the blade, and the other end is installed on the control track. When the control rod runs along the control track, the tail of the blade swings left and right around the movable connection point between the blade and the connecting member (support arm) to change the pitch angle.

[0010] Preferably, a guide wheel is installed on the other end of the control rod, and the guide wheel is clamped on both sides of the control track to run on the control track.

[0011] Preferably, the wind turbine further comprises a blade supporting unit for supporting the blades, wherein the blade supporting unit comprises a main supporting mechanism, which is disposed outside a main shaft of the wind turbine and fixed to a base built on the ground.

[0012] Preferably, the main shaft is provided on the main support structure through a plurality of rolling bearings and is supported by the plurality of rolling bearings.

[0013] Preferably, the blade supporting unit further comprises a blade supporting mechanism, one end of the blade supporting mechanism is fixed to the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the other end forms the movable connection with the blade via the connecting mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the blade supporting unit further comprises a rolling element and a rolling element mating element, wherein the rolling element is arranged at the bottom end of the blade, and the rolling element mating element is arranged above the ground, and the rolling element rolls on the rolling element mating element to realize the rotation of the blade.

[0015] Preferably, the pitch angle control unit further comprises an orienting member, one end of the orienting member is connected to the mounting seat of the rolling element, and the other end of the orienting member is connected to the blade supporting structure included in the blade supporting unit.

[0016] Preferably, the wind turbine further comprises a wind direction control unit, wherein the wind direction control unit is configured to rotate the control ring to a position corresponding to the inflow wind according to an angle of the inflow wind.

[0017] Preferably, the wind direction control unit includes a sensing mechanism, a processor and a driving mechanism, wherein:

[0018] The sensing unit senses an angle of inflowing wind, the processor calculates a rotation angle of the control ring according to the angle of inflowing wind, and the driving mechanism drives the control ring to rotate by the calculated rotation angle.

[0019] Through the technical solution of the first aspect of the present invention, the pitch angle of the blades of the wind turbine can be adjusted conveniently and quickly, thereby improving the energy generation efficiency. In addition, the weight of the blades is borne by the ground, which can reduce the size of the blade support arms to reduce air resistance. At the same time, a larger wind turbine diameter can be achieved, the wind receiving area of the wind turbine is increased, and the output power of the wind turbine is increased. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For those skilled in the art or ordinary technicians, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 The structure of a straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine according to the present invention is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 2 The blade arrangement diagram of the straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine according to the present invention is illustrated.

[0023] Figure 3(a) and 3(b) A structural diagram illustrating a connecting mechanism according to the present invention is shown.

[0024] Figure 3(c) and 3(d) Another structural diagram illustrating the connection mechanism according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating a guide mechanism and a blade pitch angle adjustment mechanism according to the present invention is shown.

[0026] Figure 5 A top view of some components of a straight-blade wind turbine according to the present invention is illustrated.

[0027] Figure 6 The structural diagram of the wind direction control unit according to the present invention is illustrated.

[0028] Figure 7 The state diagrams before and after directional control according to the present invention are illustrated.

[0029] Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating pitch angle calculation according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and that the means for solving the problems according to the present invention do not necessarily require all combinations of the various aspects described in the following embodiments. For simplicity, the same symbols or reference numerals are used for the same structural parts or steps, and their descriptions are omitted.

[0031] [First embodiment]

[0032] [Structure of a straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine]

[0033] The straight-blade vertical-axis wind turbine of the present invention includes a pitch angle control unit, a blade support and load-bearing unit, and a wind direction control unit. Each of these units will be described below. Please note that the turbine of the present invention does not necessarily require all three of these units; it can include one or more of them.

[0034] Refer to the following Figure 1 The overall structure of the generator of the present invention is described, in which the various components correspond to: 1 straight blades; 2 upper support arm; 3 lower support arm; 4 connecting plate; 5 bearing; 6 main shaft; 7 main support tube; 8 rolling bearing; 9 steel frame; 10 ground; 11 steel wheel; 12 steel ring; 13 column; 14 guide wheel; 15 control track; 16 control ring; 17 worm turbine; 18 control system; 19 generator; 20 elastic coupling; 21 upper outer hoop; 22 upper connecting plate; 23 lower outer hoop; 24 lower connecting plate; 25 stepping motor; 26 directional rod; 27 control rod; 28 plane bearing; 29 spherical bearing; 30 connecting rod between control ring and worm gear; 31 worm gear; 32 first drive bearing; 33 worm; 34 second drive bearing; 35 fixed base plate; 36 drive; 37 anemometer; 38 A / D; 39 computer; 40 D / A; 41 control ring direction; 42 rotating main axis.

[0035] [Pitch angle control unit]

[0036] The pitch angle control unit of the present invention is first described below. The pitch angle control unit includes a connecting mechanism and a guiding mechanism.

[0037] See also Figure 1, the connecting mechanism realizes the movable connection between the blade (the straight blade 1 is taken as an example in the present invention) and the upper support arm 2 of the fan, and (or) the movable connection between the blade 1 and the lower support arm 3 of the fan, and the movable connection can be, for example, a pin connection. Specifically, the connection between the straight blade 1 and other components, such as the upper support arm 2 and the lower support arm 3, is realized by a bearing connected to the upper end / lower end of the straight blade 1. Among them, the position of the connecting plate 4 can be set to the minimum stress position. For example, in order to reduce the bending stress of the blade caused by centrifugal force and aerodynamic force, according to mechanical calculations, the connection installation height position when the maximum stress point on the blade is at the minimum value can be calculated. This position is the position of the pin connection between the blade and the support arm. From the cross section of the blade, this position can be between the centrifugal force center and the aerodynamic center of the blade.

[0038] The number of blades can be multiple, such as 3 or more, and the arrangement of the blades can be single row, multi-row or other arrangement. Figure 2 The present invention is illustrated by the blade distribution structure in FIG. , which includes three blades arranged in a single row, and the three blades are evenly distributed at intervals of 120 degrees.

[0039] The connection mechanism in the present invention includes, for example, bearings, connecting plates and outer hoops, etc., to achieve the connection between the blade and the upper support arm and the lower support arm. Figure 3(a) and 3(b) As an example, please note Figure 3(a) and 3(b) The connection relationship shown is merely an example; in addition to the illustrated method, the present invention may also employ other connection methods. The upper support arm 2 is connected to the upper end of the straight blade 1 via a bearing 5. The bearing 5 may be, for example, a self-aligning ball bearing. The upper support arm 2 is secured to the upper connecting plate 22 via the ball bearing, and the upper connecting plate 22 is secured to the upper outer hoop 21, for example, by welding. The upper outer hoop 21 is disposed on the periphery of the upper portion of the blade 1 and enables connection between the blade 1 and the upper support arm 2 via the bearing.

[0040] The connection between the blade and the lower support arm is Figure 3(c) and 3(d) To illustrate, please note that the connection relationship shown in the figure is only an example. In addition to the method shown in the figure, the present invention can also adopt other connection methods. The lower support arm 3 is connected to the lower connection point of the straight blade 1 through a bearing (such as a ball bearing). This can ensure that the blade can rotate around the connection point during operation to achieve the purpose of changing the pitch angle. The lower support arm 3 is fixed to the lower connecting plate 24 through a ball bearing, and the lower connecting plate 24 is fixed to the lower outer hoop 23. The fixing method can be welding, for example. The lower outer hoop 23 is arranged on the periphery of the upper part of the blade 1, and it can realize the connection between the blade 1 and the lower support arm 3.

[0041] like Figures 3(a)-3(d) As shown, the upper support arm 2 and the lower support arm 3 are movably connected to the upper end / lower end of the straight blade 1 via a bearing and a connecting plate, respectively, so as to allow the blade 1 to rotate and its pitch angle to be adjusted.

[0042] The pitch angle control unit of the present invention may further include a guide mechanism, which can guide the blades to enable the blades to rotate around the main axis at a predetermined pitch angle. Figure 4 The structural diagram of the guide mechanism according to the present invention is illustrated (the structural diagram of the guide wheel 14 and the control track 15 on the control ring 16). At the same time, the principle of blade pitch angle adjustment according to the present invention is also shown (the steel wheel 11, the load-bearing steel ring 12, the control track 15 and other components). Figure 4 and Figure 5 Regarding the guide mechanism of the present invention, the guide mechanism may include, for example, a control ring, a control track, and a control rod disposed below the blade 1. The control ring 16 may be a circular steel ring made of a metal such as steel, and the control track 15 may be a metal ring with a rectangular cross-section welded to the control ring. The control track may be an annular track made of a metal such as steel welded to the control ring 16. The guide mechanism guides the blade pitch angle in a manner such as follows: When the wind turbine rotates about the main axis of rotation 42 under the action of wind, the blade 1 rotates accordingly, and the control rod 27 fixedly mounted at the bottom end of the blade 1 rotates accordingly. The other end B of the control rod 27 is equipped with two bearing guide wheels, which are clamped on both sides of the annular track wall. Since the control track is not a circle, its diameter varies. Thus, when the control rod's end B moves along the track, it pulls the blade 1's tail inward or outward, causing the blade 1 to rotate about point A (5, bearing), thereby changing the blade's pitch angle. Alternatively, it can be said that when the control rod 27 moves along the control track 15, the tail of the blade 1 will swing left and right around the movable connection point between the blade 1 and the lower support arm, thereby changing the pitch angle. Figure 4 As shown, the stepper motor 25 is connected to the worm gear 17, the stepper motor 25 drives the worm gear 17, and the worm gear 17 pulls Figure 4 and Figure 5 The four connecting rods 30 connecting the worm gear and the control ring make the control ring 16 rotate along the bearing ring 12 with the main axis of the wind turbine as the center, so that the direction of the control ring is consistent with the direction of the wind. Figure 7 .

[0043] In addition, the pitch angle control unit of the present invention may further include a directional component, see Figure 3c, which can assist the bearing steel wheel to run in the tangential direction when rotating, i.e., the orientation function. An example of the orientation member is the orientation rod 26, one end of which is fixedly connected to the axle seat of the steel wheel 11, and the other end is fixedly connected to the lower support arm 3. The process of changing the pitch angle can be referred to Figure 4 To describe, a guide wheel 14 is installed at the bottom of the blade 1. A specially designed track, namely the control track 15, is installed on the control ring 16. The control track 15 is designed according to the pitch angle, especially the optimized pitch angle, and the optimized pitch angle is optimized according to the improved blade element theory based on the real-time measured forces (for example, tangential force and / or normal force) brought by the inflowing wind on the blade 1, and its specific design will be described in detail later. The control ring 16 can rotate around the main support tube 7, and it is arranged on the load-bearing steel ring 12 through multiple bearings, so that the control ring 16 can rotate relative to the ground. The guide wheel 14 moves along the control track 15, so that the pitch angle of the blade can be changed when the straight blade 1 rotates.

[0044] The following combination Figure 4 The pitch angle adjustment is described as follows: The pitch angle is defined as the angle between the chord line and the tangent line of the blade when the blade rotates. Figure 5 The blade is shown in a pitch adjustment state. The blade 1 is pulled by a control rod to change the pitch angle. One end of the control rod is connected to the bottom end of the blade 1, and the other end is connected to the control track 15.

[0045] Figure 5 The diagram shows the state when the pitch angle of blade 1 is changed. When the pitch angle of blade 1 is adjusted, the blade moves along the adjacent Figure 5 The angle between the tangent direction of the outermost ring and the chord line of the blade changes, which is the adjustment of the pitch angle.

[0046] The above are examples of the blade pitch angle control unit of the present invention, which are intended to be illustrative rather than limiting. According to the blade pitch angle control unit of the present invention, optimal pitch angle adjustment of the blade is achieved, thereby improving the efficiency of energy generation.

[0047] [Blade support unit]

[0048] The wind turbine generator of the present invention comprises a support unit, which includes a main support mechanism and a blade support mechanism.

[0049] The main support structure is disposed outside the main shaft 6 of the wind turbine and is fixed to a foundation built on the ground. The foundation can be a solid steel frame 9, or a concrete base or other form of foundation. The main support mechanism can be a frame or tube structure that provides support for the blades 1 and the like. Here, an example of the main support structure is the main support tube 7.

[0050] The wind turbine has a main shaft 6, such as Figure 1 As shown, the main shaft 6 is disposed on a main support tube 7 outside the shaft 6 via a plurality of rolling elements, such as rolling bearings 8. The main shaft 6 is supported by the rolling bearings 8. The main support tube 7 is fixed to a base constructed on the ground 10. The base can be made of metal or other solid materials. Here, a base made of metal is used as an example, specifically a steel frame 9. A generator 19, which converts kinetic energy from wind energy into electrical energy, is connected to the main shaft 6 (e.g., via an elastic coupling) and is mounted inside the steel frame 9.

[0051] The blade support mechanism includes an upper support arm 2 and a lower support arm 3. One end of the upper support arm 2 and the lower support arm 3 are respectively fixed to the main shaft 6, and the other end forms a movable connection with the blade 1. The movable connection can be achieved by the connection mechanism described above in the present invention.

[0052] The blade support mechanism also includes a rolling element and a rolling element mating element. The rolling element mating element can provide a rotation track for the blade 1 centered on the main axis 6. The rolling element is arranged at the bottom end of the blade, and the rolling element mating element is arranged above the ground. The rolling element rolls on the rolling element mating element, enabling the blade 1 to rotate around the main axis 6.

[0053] Examples of rolling elements include, but are not limited to, load-bearing wheels, which may be spherical steel wheels 11 with built-in bearings. Examples of rolling element mating parts include, but are not limited to, solid load-bearing steel rings 12, which may be an annular track centered on the main shaft 6. The spherical steel wheels 11 are mounted under the bottom of each blade 1, and the solid steel rings 12 are fixed to the ground 10 via supporting components such as support columns 13. The spherical steel wheels 11 roll on the tracks of the steel rings 12. In this way, the weight of the blades 1 can be supported by the ground through the steel rings and a series of columns, thereby enabling the upper support arm 2 and the lower support arm 3 to be smaller in size to reduce air resistance. At the same time, due to its self-supporting arrangement, the diameter of the wind turbine can be made very large, and the wind-receiving area of the wind turbine can be greatly increased, thereby greatly increasing the output power of the wind turbine.

[0054] [Wind direction control unit]

[0055] The wind direction control unit can control the angle of the incoming wind to rotate the control ring to the corresponding position. Since the angle of the incoming wind will change with factors such as weather and season, and the blades with fixed pitch angles cannot change the pitch angle as the wind direction changes, this will lead to low energy generation efficiency and even cause the wind turbine to fail to start automatically. The wind direction control unit in the present invention can adjust the control ring according to the angle of the incoming wind, so that the optimal pitch angle can be achieved for each azimuth angle and energy generation can be improved. The wind direction control unit may include a sensing mechanism, a processor and a driving mechanism. The sensing mechanism may include a sensor, the processor may include a computer, and the driving mechanism may include a driving motor. The following is an example of a wind direction control unit with reference to the figures.

[0056] like Figure 6 As shown, the wind direction control unit may include: a wind speed and direction sensor 37 , an A / D converter 38 , a computer 39 , a D / A converter 40 , a stepper motor driver 36 , a stepper motor 25 and a worm gear 17 .

[0057] The wind speed and direction sensor measures wind speed and direction and outputs the measurement result as an analog voltage signal to an A / D converter. The A / D converter converts the analog voltage signal into a digital signal and outputs it to a processor (e.g., computer 39). The processor analyzes the input data, determines the difference between the measured wind direction and the position of the control ring at that time, and calculates the angle and direction of rotation of the control ring. The direction of the control ring can be identified by the deviation angle of the control ring. For example, when the axis of the control ring direction faces due north, the angle of the control ring direction is 0°. When the axis of the control ring direction deflects by an angle α degrees toward the west, the direction of the control ring is -α degrees. When the central axis of the control ring deflects by an angle α degrees toward the east, the direction of the control ring is -α degrees or 360°-α degrees.

[0058] The processor then sends the calculated rotation direction and angle values to the D / A converter. The D / A converter converts it into an analog voltage signal and outputs it to the driver. The stepper motor immediately rotates the required angle according to the required direction, thereby driving the worm turbine to rotate, and finally causing the control ring connected to the turbine to rotate to the predetermined position. When the control ring is in the predetermined position, the direction of the incoming wind is consistent with the direction of the control ring. At this position, the wind turbine can start automatically and absorb wind energy with high efficiency. Figure 7 As shown, before wind direction control, the direction of the control ring 16 is, for example, north, and the angle between the inflow and true north is α. The wind direction control unit then determines the direction in which the control ring should rotate and rotates the control ring by angle α, so that the wind direction is consistent with the direction of the control ring.

[0059] Specifically, see Figure 2 、 56, a specially designed control track is installed on the control ring 16. The track is designed according to the pitch angle, and the pitch angle is optimized according to the improved blade element theory based on the measured forces on the blades. The control ring 16 can rotate around the main support tube 7, and the control ring 16 is set on the steel ring 12 through multiple bearings (not shown), so that the control ring 16 can rotate relative to the ground. The guide wheel 14 rolls along the control track 15, so that the pitch angle of the blade can change when the blade 1 rotates. The shape of the control track 15 is a ring with a variable polar diameter, and its properties can be designed according to a given optimal pitch angle, so that the optimal pitch angle can be achieved at each azimuth angle and energy generation can be improved. Since the control rail follows a specific reference direction relative to the inflowing wind, the control system is designed to implement it so that the control ring 16 can be rotated to a given position through the turbine transmission device for a given wind direction. This given position enables the wind turbine to achieve good self-starting performance and a larger power output.

[0060] The design of the control track can be combined with Figure 8 To illustrate, Figure 8 In the figure, blade 1 and various angles are identified from the top view. Point A is the connection point between the lower support arm and the blade; point B is the position of the control rod end point before pitch angle adjustment, and point B' is the position of the control rod end point after pitch angle adjustment. It is a point on the orbit that controls the blade pitch angle. Its position (coordinates x, y) is calculated by equations (1) to (5). The parameters include the blade pitch angle β. Position B' corresponds to the pitch angle β one-to-one. Conversely, point B' on the control orbit controls the blade pitch angle β.

[0061] The following describes the calculation process for control track design using equations (1)-(5). Once the wind turbine's rotor radius R and other relevant component parameters are selected, the control track can be designed based on the required optimal pitch angle β using the given equations. The optimal pitch angle varies with the azimuth angle; different locations have different pitch angles.

[0062] Figure 8 The parameters in represent:

[0063] α:β = 0, the angle between the line AB connecting the control rod end point B and the rotation point A and the straight line AD passing through point A and perpendicular to OA, where OA is the lower support arm.

[0064] β: pitch angle of the blade

[0065] γ: After β changes, the original control rod end point B shifts to B', and γ is the angle between the line OB' and OA.

[0066] θ is the azimuth angle of the lower support arm.

[0067] It is the angle between the line OB' and the coordinate axis ox.

[0068] Point A is the connection point between the lower support arm and the blade; Point B is the position of the control rod endpoint when β = 0. The following example calculates the pitch angle β using a wind turbine rotor radius of R = 1000 mm, OA = R-64 = 1000-64 = 936 mm, Ab = 150 mm, and Bb = 50 mm. In this case, for example, the pitch angle β < 0.

[0069]

[0070]

[0071]

[0072] When β=0

[0073]

[0074]

[0075]

[0076]

[0077] or

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] For other pitch angles, the calculation formulas (2), (3), (4), and (5) are the same.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to exemplary embodiments, the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent variations or modifications made based on the spirit and essence of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A control device for adjusting blades of a wind turbine, wherein the blades are capable of rotating around a main axis of the wind turbine at a certain pitch angle under the action of wind, the control device comprising: a control rod configured to pull the blades to change the pitch angle of the blades; a control ring configured to adjust the pitch angle of the blade relative to the inflowing wind, the control ring being connected to the tail of the blade via a control rod, the control ring being configured to rotate around the main axis according to a deflection angle calculated based on the inflowing wind, so that the direction of the control ring is consistent with the direction of the inflowing wind; as well as A control track is fixed on the control ring, and the control rod can move along the control track to change the pitch angle of the blade. Wherein, the control track is a circular track with a variable polar diameter, One end of the control rod is mounted on the tail of the blade, and the other end is mounted on the control track. When the control rod moves along the control track, the tail of the blade swings left and right to change the pitch angle. The blade is movably connected to the blade support structure, thereby allowing the blade to rotate and its pitch angle to be adjusted. A rolling element is provided under the bottom of the blade, and the rolling element rolls on a rolling element mating element fixed on the ground, so that the blade can rotate around the main axis.

2. The control device according to claim 1, wherein: The control track comprises track walls arranged opposite to each other on two sides and a track bottom surface between the track walls.

3. The control device according to claim 2, wherein: The other end of the control rod is provided with a guide wheel, which is clamped between the track walls of the control track and moves on the track bottom surface, so that the pitch angle of the blade can be changed.

4. The control device according to claim 1, wherein: The control ring is made of metal, and the control track is an annular track welded on the control ring.

5. The control device according to claim 1, wherein: The control loop is driven by a stepper motor.

6. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: A bearing is provided at the bottom of the control ring, and a wheel is provided at the bottom of the blade, so that the control ring and the blade can rotate on the same plane.

7. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The deflection angle is calculated based on the force brought by the inflow wind and borne by the blades, which is measured in real time.

8. A wind direction control device for controlling blades of a wind turbine, wherein the blades rotate around a main axis of the wind turbine, the wind direction control device comprising: A pitch angle control unit is configured to adjust the pitch angle of the blades of the wind turbine, the pitch angle unit comprising: a control ring configured to be rotatable about the main axis according to a deflection angle calculated based on an inflow wind so that a direction of the control ring is consistent with a direction of the inflow wind; and a control track fixed to the control ring and connected to the blade via a control rod, so that the pitch angle of the blade is changed by the cooperation between the control ring and the control track; a sensor configured to measure the wind speed and direction of the inflow wind and output the measurement result; a processor configured to analyze data based on the measurement results output by the sensor, determine the difference between the measured wind direction of the inflow and the position of the control ring, and calculate the angle and direction in which the control ring needs to rotate, One end of the control rod is mounted on the tail of the blade, and the other end is mounted on the control track. When the control rod moves along the control track, the tail of the blade swings left and right to change the pitch angle. The blade is movably connected to the blade support structure, thereby allowing the blade to rotate and its pitch angle to be adjusted. A rolling element is provided under the bottom of the blade, and the rolling element rolls on a rolling element mating element fixed on the ground, so that the blade can rotate around the main axis. 9 . The wind direction control device according to claim 8 , further comprising a driver configured to drive the control ring to rotate according to the required rotation angle and direction.

10. The wind direction control device according to claim 8, wherein: The control track is in the shape of a ring with a varying polar diameter.

11. The wind direction control device according to claim 8, wherein: The blade support structure includes an upper support arm and a lower support arm, which are movably connected to the upper and lower parts of the blade respectively, so that the blade can rotate around the connection point during rotation, thereby achieving adjustment of the pitch angle.

12. The wind direction control device according to claim 11, wherein: The adjusted pitch angle is determined as follows: Point A is the connection point between the lower support arm and the blade; Point B is the position of the control rod end point before the pitch angle adjustment, and Point B' is the position of the control rod end point after the pitch angle adjustment. B' is a point on the control track, and the position (x, y) of B' is calculated by the following equations (1) to (5): in: α: When β = 0, the angle between the line AB connecting the end of the control rod point B and the rotation point A and the line AD passing through point A and perpendicular to OA, where OA is the lower support arm; β: pitch angle of the blade; γ: After β changes, the original control rod end point B shifts to B', and γ is the angle between the line OB' and OA; θ is the azimuth angle of the lower support arm; φ is the angle between the line OB' and the coordinate axis ox; Point A is the connection point between the lower support arm and the blade; Point B is the position of the control rod end point when β = 0; When β=0 or

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