Sand dust separation unit
By designing a sand and dust separation unit, the performance degradation caused by inconsistent back pressure in the vortex tube was solved, achieving efficient separation and low loss during takeoff, landing and flight, thus improving the flight safety and performance of the helicopter.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202211441275.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2022-11-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2042-11-17
AI Technical Summary
The performance of the vortex tube in the existing helicopter sand control device is degraded due to inconsistent back pressure, and there is a contradiction in the intake pressure loss during takeoff, landing and flight, making it difficult to achieve the requirements of efficient separation and low loss.
Design a sand and dust separation unit, including an upstream pipe, a bypass channel, a downstream pipe, a sand discharge channel, and a controller. The controller controls the position change of the lower mounting edge. During takeoff and landing, the bypass channel is closed and the vortex channel separates sand and dust. During flight, the bypass channel is opened and air directly enters the engine through the bypass channel.
Improve separation efficiency during takeoff and landing, reduce the design difficulty of sand discharge channels, and reduce intake pressure loss during flight to improve flight performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN116197115B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of electromechanical engineering, and more specifically to a sand and dust separation unit. Background Technology
[0002] As an important aerial platform, helicopters frequently need to hover, take off, and land near the ground. Due to the influence of downwash, sand, dust, rain, snow, and other foreign objects in the environment can easily enter the engine through the air intake during takeoff and landing, posing a significant threat to the engine's safe operation. Therefore, to ensure the flight safety and performance of helicopters, existing helicopters are generally equipped with sand protection devices.
[0003] The most widely used air intake sand control device for helicopters is the multi-tube sand control device. The vortex tube is the core unit of the multi-tube sand control device. Sand particles move along the tube wall in the vortex tube due to centrifugal force, and finally enter the sand discharge chamber through the channel between the upstream and downstream tubes of the vortex tube and are discharged outside the machine. Clean air enters the engine through the downstream tube.
[0004] However, due to limitations in air intake volume and installation space, the currently used scroll tubes are cylindrical with a constant cross-section, such as... Figure 1 As shown. For a helicopter, the sand shield panel needs to integrate a large number of vortex tubes of the same specifications and with the same design points (usually in the thousands). When the engine intake volume is large, the number of vortex tubes required will be even greater, and the space occupied by the vortex tubes along the flight direction will also be larger. This means that many vortex tubes cannot meet the optimal design point due to different back pressures, ultimately leading to increased pressure loss and decreased separation efficiency. This situation is particularly prominent at high aircraft speeds. One possible way to solve this problem is to deploy vortex tubes of different specifications, but the corresponding flow field design and manufacturing costs would be too high, making it difficult to implement. At the same time, the sand and dust inside the vortex tubes also need to be discharged from the fuselage through the sand discharge channel. With a large number of vortex tubes, the design and manufacturing difficulty of the sand discharge channel is also greatly increased to ensure the sand discharge effect.
[0005] Furthermore, the sand filter is only activated during helicopter takeoff and landing. While the airflow passing through the vortex tube can remove sand and dust, it will cause some intake pressure loss. During flight, although the sand and dust environment is removed, the airflow passing through the vortex tube will still cause some pressure loss, resulting in unnecessary intake pressure loss and engine power loss, leading to a decrease in flight performance. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This invention provides a sand and dust separation unit that solves the problem of performance degradation caused by inconsistent back pressure in a large number of vortex tubes in existing sand control devices. It also resolves the "demand contradiction" during takeoff, landing and flight phases, and has great application potential in the field of sand control devices.
[0007] Technical solution: The sand dust separation unit includes an upstream pipe 1, a bypass flow channel 2, a downstream pipe 3, a sand discharge channel 4, a controller 5, an upper mounting edge 6 and a lower mounting edge 7.
[0008] The upper mounting edge 6 and the lower mounting edge 7 are the upper edge and the lower edge of the sand dust separation unit respectively; the upstream pipe 1 is fixed on the upper mounting edge 6, and the downstream pipe 3 is fixed on the lower mounting edge 7; the upstream pipe 1 is coaxially arranged with the downstream pipe 3; the upstream pipe 1 is a horn-shaped pipe structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part; the vortex blade 101 and the hollow bypass flow channel 2 with the same diameter are arranged in the upstream pipe 1 along the central axial direction; the bypass flow channel 2 is a hollow pipe structure; the bypass flow channel 2 has a support rod 201 inside along the central axial direction; the upper end of the support rod 201 is fixedly connected with a plug cover 202; the lower end of the support rod 201 is fixedly connected with the inlet face of the downstream pipe 3; the downstream pipe 3 is a hollow pipe structure with the same diameter; the sand discharge channel 4 is an annular gap arranged between the upstream pipe 1 and the lower mounting edge 7, and is used for the flow of air containing sand; the controller 5 is arranged outside the lower mounting edge 7; the controller 5 is connected with an on-board power supply, and is used for controlling the position change of the lower mounting edge.
[0009] Preferably, the ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area of the bypass flow channel 2 to the inlet cross-sectional area of the vortex flow channel 102 is 1:1.
[0010] Preferably, the ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area of the bypass flow channel 2 to the outlet cross-sectional area of the downstream pipe 3 is 1:1.
[0011] Preferably, the expansion angle of the vortex flow channel 102 ranges from 10° to 20°, so as to ensure that the sand dust separation area deviates from the downstream pipe as much as possible.
[0012] Preferably, the distance between the outlet cross section of the upstream pipe 1 and the inlet cross section of the downstream pipe 3 does not exceed the radius distance of the downstream pipe 3.
[0013] Preferably, during the take-off and landing stage, the plug cover 202 performs air sealing on the bypass flow channel 2 through the tensioning force; the bypass flow channel 2 is closed; the sand dust in the air rotates at high speed in the vortex flow channel 102; and the sand dust flows to the sand discharge channel 4 in a position close to the outer wall of the vortex flow channel under the action of the centrifugal force.
[0014] Preferably, during the flight stage, the controller 5 drives the lower mounting edge 7 to move, so that the lower mounting edge 7 drives the downstream pipe 3 to press and seal the bottom surface of the bypass flow channel 2 of the upstream pipe; the downstream pipe 3 pushes the plug cover 202 to move outward through the support rod 201, so that the bypass flow channel 2 is opened, and most of the air enters from the bypass flow channel 2.
[0015] Preferably, the shape of the plug cover 202 matches the shape of the inlet of the bypass flow channel 2.
[0016] In summary, this invention provides a sand and dust separation unit. Based on existing sand control devices, it designs a sand and dust separation unit with a larger inlet cross-sectional area and a certain tilt angle. Only four to five sand and dust separation units are needed per aircraft, depending on the air intake volume, significantly reducing the design difficulty of the sand discharge channel. The sand and dust separation unit includes a vortex channel and a bypass channel. During takeoff and landing, the bypass channel is closed, and sand and dust in the air are separated through the vortex channel. The downstream sand and dust separation area of the vortex channel is offset from the clean air intake to improve separation efficiency. Simultaneously, due to the smaller number of sand and dust separation units, consistent back pressure is easily achieved, ensuring the separation effect of each unit. During flight, the bypass channel is opened, and the vortex channel is closed, allowing air to directly enter the engine through the bypass channel, reducing intake pressure loss and improving flight performance. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 The vortex tube in existing sand control devices;
[0018] Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the working principle of a sand and dust separation unit during the take-off and landing phase;
[0019] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a sand and dust separation unit during flight.
[0020] Among them: 1-upstream pipe, 101-vortex blade, 102-vortex flow channel, 2-bypass flow channel, 201-support rod, 202-plug, 3-downstream pipe, 4-sand discharge channel, 5-controller, 6-upper mounting edge, 7-lower mounting edge. Detailed Implementation
[0021] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a sand and dust separation unit comprising an upstream pipe 1, a bypass channel 2, a downstream pipe 3, a sand discharge channel 4, a controller 5, an upper mounting edge 6, and a lower mounting edge 7, wherein:
[0022] The upper mounting edge 6 and the lower mounting edge 7 are the upper edge and the lower edge of the sand-dust separation unit respectively; the upstream pipe 1 is fixed on the upper mounting edge 6, and the downstream pipe 3 is fixed on the lower mounting edge 7; the upstream pipe 1 is a horn-shaped pipe structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part; the vortex blade 101 and the bypass flow channel 2 with a hollow equal diameter are arranged in the upstream pipe 1 along the central axial direction; the bypass flow channel 2 is a hollow pipe structure, and the bypass flow channel 2 has a support rod 201 inside along the central axial direction; the upper end of the support rod 201 is fixedly connected with a plug cover 202, and the lower end of the support rod 201 is fixedly connected with the inlet face of the downstream pipe 3; the downstream pipe 3 is a hollow pipe structure with an equal diameter; the sand discharge channel 4 is an annular gap arranged between the upstream pipe 1 and the lower mounting edge 7, and is used for the flow of air containing sand; the controller 5 is arranged outside the lower mounting edge 7, and the controller 5 is connected with an on-board power supply and is used for controlling the position change of the lower mounting edge.
[0023] Preferably, the ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area of the bypass flow channel 2 to the inlet cross-sectional area of the vortex flow channel 102 is 1:1.
[0024] Preferably, the ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area of the bypass flow channel 2 to the outlet cross-sectional area of the downstream pipe 3 is 1:1.
[0025] Preferably, the expansion angle of the vortex flow channel 102 ranges from 10° to 20°, so as to ensure that the sand-dust separation area deviates from the downstream pipe as much as possible.
[0026] Preferably, the distance between the outlet cross section of the upstream pipe 1 and the inlet cross section of the downstream pipe 3 does not exceed the radius distance of the downstream pipe 3.
[0027] Preferably, during the take-off and landing stage, the plug cover 202 performs air sealing on the bypass flow channel 2 through tensioning force, the bypass flow channel 2 is closed, the sand and dust in the air rotate at high speed in the vortex flow channel 102, and flow to the sand discharge channel 4 in a position close to the outer wall of the vortex flow channel under the action of centrifugal force.
[0028] Preferably, during the flight stage, the controller 5 drives the lower mounting edge 7 to move, so that the lower mounting edge 7 drives the downstream pipe 3 to press and seal the bottom face of the bypass flow channel 2 of the upstream pipe; the downstream pipe 3 pushes the plug cover 202 to move outward through the support rod 201, so that the bypass flow channel 2 is opened, and most of the air enters from the bypass flow channel 2.
[0029] Preferably, the shape of the plug cover 202 matches the shape of the inlet of the bypass flow channel 2.
[0030] Figure 2The working principle schematic diagram of the sand dust separation unit in the take-off and landing stage is shown. In the take-off and landing stage, the blocking cover 202 seals the bypass flow channel 2 by tension force, the bypass flow channel is closed, the sand dust in the air rotates at high speed in the vortex flow channel 102, and flows to the sand discharge channel 4 in a position close to the outer wall of the vortex flow channel under the action of centrifugal force. The downstream pipe is far away from the outer wall, and the sand dust is not easy to flow out of the downstream pipe, so that the overall separation efficiency is high. At the same time, because the sand dust separation unit is less, the consistency of the back pressure of the sand dust separation unit is easy to realize on the whole machine, and the design difficulty of the sand discharge channel is also reduced.
[0031] Figure 3 The working principle schematic diagram in the flight stage is shown. In the flight stage, the lower mounting edge 7 is driven to move by the controller 5, so that the lower mounting edge drives the downstream pipe 3 to press and seal the bottom surface of the bypass flow channel 2 of the upstream pipe. The downstream pipe 3 pushes the blocking cover 202 to move outward through the supporting rod 201, so that the bypass flow channel is opened and the vortex flow channel is closed. At this time, the air directly enters the engine through the bypass flow channel, reduces the inlet pressure loss, and improves the flight performance.
[0032] In summary, the sand dust separation unit is provided, on the basis of the existing sand prevention device, the sand dust separation unit with a large inlet cross-sectional area and a certain inclination angle is designed, and four to five sand dust separation units are arranged according to the air inlet amount for one machine, so that the design difficulty of the sand discharge channel is greatly reduced. The sand dust separation unit comprises a vortex flow channel and a bypass flow channel. In the take-off and landing stage, the bypass flow channel is closed, the sand dust in the air is separated through the vortex flow channel, the downstream sand dust separation area of the vortex flow channel deviates from the air inlet of the clean air to improve the separation efficiency, and because the sand dust separation unit is less, the consistency of the back pressure is easy to realize, and the separation effect of each unit is ensured. In the flight stage, the bypass flow channel is opened, the vortex flow channel is closed, the air directly enters the engine through the bypass flow channel, the inlet pressure loss is reduced, and the flight performance is improved. The present application solves the performance decline caused by the inconsistent back pressure of a large number of vortex pipes in the existing sand prevention device, solves the “contradiction” in the take-off and landing and flight stages, and has great application potential in the sand prevention device field.
Claims
1. A sand dust separation unit, characterized by, The dust separator comprises an upstream pipe (1), a bypass flow channel (2), a downstream pipe (3), a sand discharge channel (4), a controller (5), an upper mounting edge (6), and a lower mounting edge (7). The upper mounting edge (6) and the lower mounting edge (7) are the upper edge and the lower edge of the dust separator, respectively; the upstream pipe (1) is fixed to the upper mounting edge (6), and the downstream pipe (3) is fixed to the lower mounting edge (7); the upstream pipe (1) is coaxially arranged with the downstream pipe (3); the upstream pipe (1) is a trumpet-shaped pipe structure with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part; the vortex blade (101) and the hollow bypass flow channel (2) are arranged in the upstream pipe (1) along the central axial direction; the bypass flow channel (2) is a hollow pipe structure; the bypass flow channel (2) has a support rod (201) arranged in the bypass flow channel (2) along the central axial direction; the upper end of the support rod (201) is fixedly connected to a cover (202); the lower end of the support rod (201) is fixedly connected to the inlet face of the downstream pipe (3); the ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area of the bypass flow channel (2) to the inlet cross-sectional area of the vortex flow channel (102) is 1:1; the expansion angle of the vortex flow channel (102) ranges from 10° to 20°; the downstream pipe (3) is a hollow pipe structure with an equal diameter; the sand discharge channel (4) is an annular gap arranged between the upstream pipe (1) and the lower mounting edge (7) and is used for the flow of air containing sand; the controller (5) is arranged outside the lower mounting edge (7) and is connected to an on-board power supply and used for controlling the position change of the lower mounting edge.
2. The sand dust separation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the inlet cross-sectional area of the bypass flow channel (2) to the outlet cross-sectional area of the downstream pipe (3) is 1:
1.
3. The sand dust separation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the outlet cross section of the upstream pipe (1) and the inlet cross section of the downstream pipe (3) is not more than the radius of the downstream pipe (3).
4. The sand dust separation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the take-off and landing stage, the cover (202) tightly seals the bypass flow channel (2) through tension, the bypass flow channel (2) is closed, the sand and dust in the air rotate at a high speed in the vortex flow channel (102), and the sand and dust flow to the sand discharge channel (4) in a position close to the outer wall of the vortex flow channel under the action of centrifugal force.
5. The sand dust separation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the flight stage, the lower mounting edge (7) is moved by the controller (5), so that the lower mounting edge (7) drives the downstream pipe (3) to press and seal the bottom surface of the bypass flow channel (2) of the upstream pipe; the downstream pipe (3) drives the cover (202) to move outward through the support rod (201), so that the bypass flow channel (2) is opened, and most of the air enters from the bypass flow channel (2).
6. The sand dust separation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the cover (202) matches the shape of the inlet of the bypass flow channel (2).
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Engine air inlet system integrating sand prevention, ice prevention and bypass functions
CN210622926U