Atmospheric VOCs Pollution Early Warning and Disposal Method for Industrial Parks Based on Environmental Health Impacts

Abstract

The invention discloses an early warning and disposal method for atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts, comprising: surveying the distribution of environmental risk sources, monitoring sites and surrounding sensitive points in the industrial park, constructing a VOCs pollution source spectrum and a pollution source emission inventory, and calculating the pollution source strength of VOCs pollution factors of enterprises in the industrial park; calculating the maximum diffusion concentration of pollution factors emitted by pollution sources reaching sensitive points through a Gaussian diffusion model according to the distribution of monitoring sites and surrounding sensitive points and the pollution source strength of VOCs pollution factors of enterprises; judging whether to initiate an early warning for pollution factors emitted by pollution sources based on air environment target values; judging the disposal time according to the maximum diffusion concentration of pollution factors at sensitive points, combining the pollution factor diffusion time with human health impact and the exposure time obtained by the pollution historical emission impact assessment, and sending the disposal time to the polluting enterprises, requiring the polluting enterprises to complete the pollution disposal within the disposal time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and specifically relates to a method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs (volatile organic compounds) pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous advancement of the industrialization process, environmental pollution problems in industrial parks have become increasingly prominent. In particular, the emissions of VOCs with characteristics such as toxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, and mutagenicity will pose hazards to the health of surrounding residents. For people exposed to pollutant environments, both the exposure concentration and dose will affect the long-term health status of the human body. Therefore, in the atmospheric VOCs pollution monitoring and early warning system of industrial parks, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the concentration and dose of pollutants.

[0003] In the prior art, most of the atmospheric pollution early warning systems in industrial parks usually only monitor the outlet concentration, and then conduct diffusion speculation, early warning judgment, and source tracing analysis based on this. For example, the VOCs regional online monitoring and early warning system disclosed in CN106383205A, a method for grid monitoring, diffusion early warning, and source tracing of unorganized VOCs in industrial enterprises disclosed in CN 114371260 A, a method for automatic monitoring, early warning, and source tracing of atmospheric VOCs in industrial parks and its method disclosed in CN106841436A, etc. are all similar means and routes. These methods are difficult to relate factors such as the environmental health impacts of pollutants and the pollution situations of enterprises, and lack systematic judgment of early warning thresholds and disposal durations.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts, which can, according to the pollutant emission concentration, historical pollution situation, pollution diffusion time, etc., and aiming at the environmental health impacts of different VOCs pollutants, realize systematic early warning of the overall annual exposure situation of atmospheric VOCs pollution in the park and determination of the disposal duration.

[0006] A method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts includes the steps of:

[0007] S1: Investigate the distribution of environmental risk sources, monitoring stations, and surrounding sensitive points in the industrial park, construct a VOCs pollution source spectrum and a pollution source emission list, and calculate the source strength Q of the VOCs pollution factors of the park enterprises;

[0008] S2: According to the distribution of monitoring stations, surrounding sensitive points, and the source strength Q of the enterprise's VOC pollution factors obtained in step S1, calculate the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factors emitted by the pollution source at the sensitive point through the Gaussian diffusion model. p ;

[0009] S3: Based on the air environment target value (AMEG), determine whether to initiate a warning for the pollution factors emitted by the pollution source;

[0010] S4: According to the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factor at the sensitive point p , combined with the diffusion duration T1 of the pollution factor and the exposure duration T2 obtained by evaluating the impact on human health and historical pollution emissions, determine the disposal duration T and send it to the polluting enterprise, requiring the polluting enterprise to complete pollution disposal within the disposal duration T.

[0011] Preferably, step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0012] S11: Investigate the exhaust stack height of enterprises in the industrial park, the monitored pollution factors, the geographical information of the monitoring stations, and the distribution of surrounding sensitive points, and establish a VOC pollution factor fingerprint database;

[0013] S12: Adopt a method combining material balance algorithm and on-site investigation and monitoring. On the basis of step S11, construct the pollution source spectra of each environmental risk source, quantitatively analyze the pollution component spectra of enterprise VOC emissions, and establish a VOC pollution emission list;

[0014] S13: Calculate the source strength of the pollution factor according to the VOC pollution emission list established in step S12.

[0015] Preferably, step S13 is divided into the following two situations:

[0016] Situation 1: The existing monitoring conditions meet the pollution factors X1, X2... X n screened in the VOC pollution emission list, and calculate the source strength of each pollution factor in real time and dynamically based on the monitored pollution factor concentration and emission rate data of the monitoring stations in the industrial park enterprises

[0017]

[0018] In the formula: c Xn is the real-time monitored concentration of the X n pollution factor, mg / m 3 ; v Xn is the emission rate of the X n pollution factor, m 3 / s;

[0019] Case 2: The existing monitoring conditions cannot meet the pollution factors Y1, Y2... Y selected in the VOCs pollution emission list n , based on the concentration ratios r1, r2... r of the pollution factors in the pollution composition spectrum of the park enterprises n , calculate the pollution source strength of each pollution factor respectively by converting according to the real-time monitoring concentration and emission rate of the total volatile organic compound TVOC

[0020]

[0021] In the formula: c TVOC is the real-time monitoring concentration of the total volatile organic compound TVOC, mg / m 3 ; v TVOC is the emission rate of TVOC, m 3 / s; r Yn is the concentration ratio of the pollution factor Y n in the enterprise pollution composition spectrum.

[0022] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] S21: Calculate the angle θ between the line connecting the pollution source and the sensitive point and the due north direction;

[0024] S22: According to the current wind direction angle σ, calculate the angle δ between the wind direction angle σ and the angle θ, and judge whether the sensitive point is within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion according to the size of the angle δ;

[0025] δ = |σ - θ|

[0026] S23: Calculate the distance between the pollution source P(x p , y p ) and the sensitive point (x Pn , y Pn ) within the influence range of the diffusion of the pollution source P, select the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance, and use the Gaussian diffusion model to calculate the maximum diffusion concentration c p of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P reaching the sensitive point A.

[0027] Preferably, in step S22, if δ ≤ 22.5°, it is considered that the sensitive point is within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion; if δ > 22.5°, it is considered that the sensitive point is not within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion.

[0028] Preferably, in step S23, according to the actual meteorological conditions, the maximum diffusion concentration c is calculated separately in two cases: the downwind point source diffusion model when the meteorological condition wind speed ≥ 1.5 m / s and the point source diffusion model when the wind speed is light or calm, i.e., the meteorological condition wind speed < 1.5 m / s. p Calculate;

[0029] Assume that the pollution source P is a continuous and constant emission. Based on the Gaussian diffusion model, when the meteorological condition wind speed ≥ 1.5 m / s, the following formula is used to calculate the pollutant concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P diffused to the sensitive point A: p :

[0030]

[0031] In the formula:

[0032] Q P is the pollution intensity of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P, mg / s;

[0033] y1 is the projection distance between the sensitive point A and the pollution source P in the crosswind direction, m;

[0034] u is the average wind speed in the downwind direction, m / s;

[0035] He P is the effective height of the pollution source P, m, with the results of the investigation in step S1 as the data source. He P is the chimney height of the discharge port where the pollution source P is located;

[0036] σ y is the diffusion parameter in the crosswind direction, and σ z is the diffusion parameter in the vertical direction; σ y and σ z can be determined by the method recommended in "Technical Methods for Formulating Local Air Pollutant Emission Standards" (GB / T 13201-91);

[0037] When the meteorological condition wind speed < 1.5 m / s, the simplified plume estimation method is used to calculate the pollutant concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P diffused to the sensitive point A: p :

[0038]

[0039] In the formula:

[0040] r a is the distance between the sensitive point A and the pollution source P, m;

[0041] u a is the wind speed at the sensitive point A, m / s;

[0042] Q PIt is the pollution intensity of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P, mg / s;

[0043] σ z It is the diffusion parameter in the vertical direction and can be determined by the method recommended in "Technical Methods for Formulating Local Ambient Air Quality Standards" (GB / T 13201-91);

[0044] He P It is the effective height of the pollution source P, m, and the result of the investigation in step S1 is used as the data source. He P It is the chimney height of the discharge port where the pollution source P is located.

[0045] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] S31: Determine the air environment target value according to the following formula:

[0047]

[0048] In the formula: AMEG is the air environment target value, that is, the daily maximum allowable concentration in the air of residents, mg / m 3 ; LD50 is the median lethal dose of rats by oral administration of poison, mg / kg;

[0049] S32: When the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source reaches the sensitive point p is higher than the air environment target value, start the early warning.

[0050] Preferably, in step S4, the determination of the disposal duration includes the following steps:

[0051] S41: Calculate the time T1 when the pollutant diffuses from the pollution source P(x p , y p ) to the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance within the influence range:

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] In the formula:

[0055] Ln is the distance between the pollution source P(x p , y p ) and the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion, m;

[0056] T1 is the time for the pollution factor to diffuse from the pollution source P to the sensitive point A, min;

[0057] ucosδ is the projected wind speed of the average wind speed u in the downwind direction on the straight line between the pollution source P and the sensitive point A, m / s;

[0058] S42: Obtain the carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters and non-carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters of the pollution factors, and identify whether the harm of the pollution factors belongs to carcinogenic toxicity effect or non-carcinogenic toxicity effect; the carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters include the carcinogenic slope factor SF; the non-carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters include the non-carcinogenic reference dose RfC;

[0059] S43: Identify the carcinogenic toxicity effect or non-carcinogenic toxicity effect of the pollution factor pi for which the early warning is initiated in step S3, and conduct a health risk assessment on the concentration of the pollution factor pi diffused to the sensitive point A. Using the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR and the hazard index HI as the measurement indicators, determine the basic exposure duration T';

[0060] For the pollution factor with carcinogenic toxicity effect, according to the definition of the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR, when LCR > 10 -4 it indicates that the pollution factor has a great carcinogenic risk and must be taken seriously. Therefore, in the present invention, the value of LCR is assigned 10 -4 ; The basic exposure duration T' determined according to the carcinogenic slope factor SF of the pollution factor 致癌 is:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, SF is the carcinogenic slope factor of the pollution factor, mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83 m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25 a; EF is the exposure frequency, which can be taken as 365 d·a -1 ; LCR is the lifetime carcinogenic risk, taken as 10 -4 ; BW is the body mass of the human body, and the empirical value is 65 kg; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 70 a when conducting a carcinogenic risk assessment;

[0063] For the pollution factor with non-carcinogenic toxicity effect, according to the concept of the hazard index HI, when the sum of the HIs of all pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxicity effects HI 总 > 1, it indicates that the pollution factor will cause harm to human health and there is a carcinogenic risk. Therefore, in the present invention, the value of HI 总 is assigned 1; The basic exposure duration T' determined according to the non-carcinogenic reference dose RfC of the pollution factor 非致癌 is:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula, c pi is the concentration of the pollution factor pi with non-carcinogenic toxic effects diffusing to the sensitive point A, mg·m -3 ; RfC i is the non-carcinogenic reference dose of the pollution factor pi, mg / m 3 ; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 25a when conducting non-carcinogenic risk assessment; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25a; EF is the exposure frequency, which can be taken as 365d·a -1 ; BW is the body mass of the human body, and the empirical value is 65kg; n represents the number of pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects; HI 总 represents the sum of the hazard indices HI of n pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, and the assigned value is 1;

[0066] S43: Considering the impact of the historical pollution situation of the current year on environmental health, introduce the coefficient N to correct the basic exposure duration;

[0067] For the pollution factor with carcinogenic toxic effects, since the object of the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR assessment is a single pollutant, it is necessary to calculate the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR that may be generated by the historical exposure of this pollution factor in the current year a , and obtain the carcinogenic effect coefficient N1 of the pollution factor by comparing with the assigned value of LCR of 10 -4 :

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, LCR a is the lifetime carcinogenic risk that may be generated by the early warning exposure of this pollution factor in the current year, dimensionless; SF is the carcinogenic slope factor of this pollution factor, mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ; c pf is the concentration of the f-th early warning of this pollution factor in the current year, mg·m -3 ; m represents the number of early warnings generated in the current year; t f is the exposure duration of the f-th early warning of this pollution factor in the current year, h·a -1 ; BW is the body mass of the human body, and the empirical value is 65kg; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25a; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 70a when conducting carcinogenic risk assessment; LCR takes 10 -4 ;

[0071] For pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, since the hazard index HI 总 is the sum of multiple pollution factors for the evaluation object, it is necessary to calculate the hazard index HIa that may be generated by the current-year exposure of all target pollution factors with non-carcinogenic effects 总 , and obtain the non-carcinogenic effect coefficient N2 by comparing with the assigned value of 1 for HI:

[0072]

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, HI ai is the non-carcinogenic risk that may be generated by the current-year early warning exposure of pollution factor pi; HI a总 is the sum of HI ai of all pollution factors pi with non-carcinogenic effects; RfC i is the non-carcinogenic reference dose of pollution factor pi; c pfi is the concentration of the f-th early warning of pollution factor pi in the current year, mg·m -3 ; m represents the number of early warnings generated in the current year; n represents the number of types of pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects; t fi is the exposure duration of the f-th early warning of pollution factor pi in the current year, h·a -1 ; BW is the human body mass, and the empirical value is 65 kg; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83 m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25 a; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 25 a when conducting non-carcinogenic risk assessment; HI is taken as 1;

[0076] When the calculation results of N1 and N2 are less than 0, take 0;

[0077] S44: By introducing a coefficient N to correct the exposure duration for the basic exposure duration T', the exposure duration T2 is obtained:

[0078] T2 = N × T′

[0079] In the formula, when calculating the exposure duration of the carcinogenic effect of the pollution factor, N is selected as the carcinogenic effect coefficient N1, and the basic exposure duration T' is selected as T' 致癌 ; when calculating the exposure duration of the non-carcinogenic effect of the pollution factor, N is selected as the non-carcinogenic effect coefficient N2, and the basic exposure duration T' is selected as T' 非致癌 ;

[0080] If a pollution factor has both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic toxic effects, after calculating in two ways, select the value with the shorter exposure duration as T2; when the total volatile organic compound TVOC exceeds the standard, select the value with the shortest exposure duration among the VOCs pollution factors as T2;

[0081] S45: Determine the treatment duration T by combining the pollution factor diffusion time and the exposure duration:

[0082] T = T1 + T2

[0083] S46: When the pollution factor in step S3 triggers a warning, synchronously push the treatment duration T to the polluting enterprise. If the polluting enterprise fails to complete the pollution treatment within the treatment duration T, a reminder instruction will be issued to it.

[0084] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0085] 1. By investigating the distribution of environmental risk sources, monitoring stations and surrounding sensitive points in the industrial park, the present invention constructs a VOCs pollution source spectrum and a pollution source emission inventory to ensure the accuracy of the subsequent evaluation of the treatment duration of VOCs pollutants.

[0086] 2. Calculate the concentration of the pollution factor when it reaches the sensitive point through the Gaussian diffusion model, and use the air environment target value AMEG determined based on LD50 as the basis for triggering the warning of the pollution factor in the pollution source emission, so as to avoid the acute impact of the pollution factor on human health.

[0087] 3. Considering the pollutant diffusion duration, the pollution situation of the enterprise in the current year and the impact on health risks comprehensively, a method is provided for the reasonable evaluation of the treatment duration. When the enterprise fails to complete the treatment within the limited duration T, it indicates that there may be a lifelong health risk to the surrounding residents, and a reminder instruction will be issued to prompt the enterprise to speed up the warning treatment and avoid long-term impacts on the surrounding residents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0088] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for warning and disposing of atmospheric VOCs pollution in an industrial park based on environmental health impacts in the specific embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0089] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0090] As Figure 1 shown, a method for warning and disposing of atmospheric VOCs pollution in an industrial park based on environmental health impacts includes the steps:

[0091] S1: Survey the distribution of environmental risk sources, monitoring sites and surrounding sensitive points in the industrial park, build a VOCs pollution source spectrum and pollution source emission inventory, and calculate the pollution source intensity Q of the VOCs pollution factor of enterprises in the park;

[0092] S2: According to the distribution of monitoring stations and surrounding sensitive points in step S1 and the pollution source strength Q of the enterprise VOCs pollution factor obtained, the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source reaching the sensitive point is calculated through the Gaussian diffusion model p ;

[0093] S3: Determine whether to initiate an early warning based on the air environment target value (AMEG) of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source;

[0094] S4: According to the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factor at the sensitive point p , combining the pollution factor diffusion time T1 with the exposure time T2 obtained from the human health impact and historical pollution emission impact assessment, the disposal time T is determined and sent to the polluting enterprise, requiring the polluting enterprise to complete the pollution disposal within the disposal time T.

[0095] Step S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0096] S11: Investigate the height of exhaust chimneys of enterprises in the industrial park, the monitored pollution factors, the geographical information of monitoring sites and the distribution of surrounding sensitive points, and establish a VOCs pollution factor fingerprint database;

[0097] S12: Using a method combining material balance and field investigation and monitoring, on the basis of step S11, the pollution source spectrum of each environmental risk source is constructed, the pollution component spectrum of the enterprise's VOCs emission source is quantitatively analyzed, and a VOCs pollution emission inventory is established;

[0098] S13: Calculate the pollution source strength of the pollution factor according to the VOCs pollution emission inventory established in step S12.

[0099] Step S13 is divided into the following two cases:

[0100] Case 1: The existing monitoring conditions meet the pollution factors X1, X2, ... X selected in the VOCs pollution emission inventory n Based on the pollution factor concentration and emission rate data monitored by the monitoring stations of the park enterprises, the pollution source intensity of each pollution factor is calculated dynamically in real time.

[0101]

[0102] Where: c Xn For X n Real-time monitoring concentration of pollution factors, mg / m 3 ;vXn is X n Emission rate of pollution factor, m 3 / s;

[0103] Case 2: The existing monitoring conditions cannot meet the pollution factors Y1, Y2... Y screened in the VOCs pollution emission list n , based on the concentration ratios r1, r2... r of the pollution factors in the pollution composition spectrum of the park enterprises n , calculate the source strengths of each pollution factor by conversion according to the real-time monitoring concentration and emission rate of the total volatile organic compound TVOC

[0104]

[0105] In the formula: c TVOC is the real-time monitoring concentration of the total volatile organic compound TVOC, mg / m 3 ; v TVOC is the emission rate of TVOC, m 3 / s; r Yn is the concentration ratio of the Y n pollution factor in the enterprise pollution composition spectrum.

[0106] Step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0107] S21: Calculate the angle θ between the line connecting the pollution source and the sensitive point and the due north direction;

[0108] S22: According to the current wind direction angle σ, calculate the angle δ between the wind direction angle σ and the angle θ, and judge whether the sensitive point is within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion according to the size of the angle δ;

[0109] δ = |σ - θ|

[0110] S23: Calculate the distance between the pollution source P(x p , y p ) and the sensitive point (x Pn , y Pn ) within the influence range of the pollution source P diffusion, select the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance, and use the Gaussian diffusion model to calculate the maximum diffusion concentration c p at the sensitive point A where the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P arrives.

[0111] In step S22, if δ ≤ 22.5°, it is considered that the sensitive point is within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion; if δ > 22.5°, it is considered that the sensitive point is not within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion.

[0112] In step S23, according to the actual meteorological conditions, the maximum diffusion concentration c is calculated separately for two cases: the downwind point source diffusion model when the meteorological condition wind speed ≥ 1.5 m / s and the point source diffusion model when the wind speed is light or calm, i.e., the meteorological condition wind speed < 1.5 m / s. p Calculation;

[0113] Assume that the pollution source P is a continuous and constant emission. Based on the Gaussian diffusion model, when the meteorological condition wind speed ≥ 1.5 m / s, the following formula is used to calculate the pollutant concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P diffusing to the sensitive point A: p :

[0114]

[0115] In the formula:

[0116] Q P is the pollution intensity of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P, mg / s;

[0117] y1 is the projection distance between the sensitive point A and the pollution source P in the crosswind direction, m;

[0118] u is the average wind speed in the downwind direction, m / s;

[0119] He P is the effective height of the pollution source P, m, with the results of the investigation in step S1 as the data source. He P is the chimney height of the discharge port where the pollution source P is located;

[0120] σ y is the diffusion parameter in the crosswind direction, and σ z is the diffusion parameter in the vertical direction; σ y and σ z can be determined by the method recommended in "Technical Methods for Formulating Local Air Pollutant Emission Standards" (GB / T 13201-91);

[0121] When the meteorological condition wind speed < 1.5 m / s, the simplified plume estimation method is used to calculate the pollutant concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P diffusing to the sensitive point A: p :

[0122]

[0123] In the formula:

[0124] r a is the distance between the sensitive point A and the pollution source P, m;

[0125] u a is the wind speed at the sensitive point A, m / s;

[0126] Q PIt is the pollution intensity of the pollution factor emitted by pollution source P, mg / s;

[0127] σ z It is the diffusion parameter in the vertical direction and can be determined by the method recommended in "Technical Methods for Formulating Local Air Pollutant Emission Standards" (GB / T 13201-91);

[0128] He P It is the effective height of pollution source P, m, with the results obtained from the investigation in step S1 as the data source, He P It is the chimney height of the outlet where pollution source P is located.

[0129] Step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0130] S31: Determine the air environment target value according to the following formula:

[0131]

[0132] In the formula: AMEG is the air environment target value, that is, the daily maximum allowable concentration in the air of residents, mg / m 3 ; LD50 is the median lethal dose of rats by oral administration of poison, mg / kg;

[0133] S32: When the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source reaches the sensitive point p is higher than the air environment target value, start the early warning.

[0134] In step S4, the determination of the disposal duration includes the following steps:

[0135] S41: Calculate the time T1 when the pollutant diffuses from pollution source P(x p , y p ) to the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance within the influence range:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] In the formula:

[0139] Ln is the distance between pollution source P(x p , y p ) and the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion, m;

[0140] T1 is the time for the pollution factor to diffuse from pollution source P to sensitive point A, min;

[0141] ucosδ is the projected wind speed of the average wind speed u in the downwind direction on the straight line between the pollution source P and the sensitive point A, in m / s;

[0142] S42: Obtain the carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters and non-carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters of the pollution factors, and identify whether the harm of the pollution factors belongs to carcinogenic toxicity effect or non-carcinogenic toxicity effect; the carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters include the carcinogenic slope factor SF; the non-carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters include the non-carcinogenic reference dose RfC;

[0143] S43: Identify the carcinogenic toxicity effect or non-carcinogenic toxicity effect of the pollution factor pi for which early warning is initiated in step S3, and conduct a health risk assessment on the concentration of the pollution factor pi spreading to the sensitive point A. Using the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR and the hazard index HI as the measurement indicators, determine the basic exposure duration T';

[0144] For the pollution factor with carcinogenic toxicity effect, according to the definition of the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR, when LCR > 10 -4 it indicates that there is a great carcinogenic risk for this pollution factor and attention must be paid. Therefore, in the present invention, the value of LCR is assigned as 10 -4 ; the basic exposure duration T' determined according to the carcinogenic slope factor SF of the pollution factor 致癌 is:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, SF is the carcinogenic slope factor of the pollution factor, in mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83 m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25 a; EF is the exposure frequency, which can be taken as 365 d·a -1 ; LCR is the lifetime carcinogenic risk, taken as 10 -4 ; BW is the body mass of a human, and the empirical value is 65 kg; AT is the average lifespan of a human, which can be taken as 70 a when conducting a carcinogenic risk assessment;

[0147] For the pollution factor with non-carcinogenic toxicity effect, according to the concept of the hazard index HI, when the sum of the HIs of all pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxicity effects HI 总 > 1, it indicates that this pollution factor will cause harm to human health and there is a carcinogenic risk. Therefore, in the present invention, the value of HI 总 is assigned as 1; the basic exposure duration T' determined according to the non-carcinogenic reference dose RfC of the pollution factor 非致癌 is:

[0148]

[0149] Where c pi is the concentration of the pollution factor pi with non-carcinogenic toxic effects diffusing to the sensitive point A, mg·m -3 ; RfC i is the non-carcinogenic reference dose of the pollution factor pi, mg / m 3 ; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 25a when conducting non-carcinogenic risk assessment; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25a; EF is the exposure frequency, which can be taken as 365d·a -1 ; BW is the human body mass, and the empirical value is 65kg; n represents the number of pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects; HI 总 represents the sum of the hazard indices HI of n pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, and the assigned value is 1;

[0150] S43: Considering the impact of the historical pollution situation of the current year on environmental health, introduce the coefficient N to correct the basic exposure duration;

[0151] For pollution factors with carcinogenic toxic effects, since the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR assessment object is a single pollutant, it is necessary to calculate the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR that may be generated by the historical exposure of this pollution factor in the current year a , and obtain the carcinogenic effect coefficient N1 of the pollution factor by comparing with the assigned value of LCR of 10 -4 :

[0152]

[0153]

[0154] Where LCR a is the lifetime carcinogenic risk that may be generated by the early warning exposure of this pollution factor in the current year, dimensionless; SF is the carcinogenic slope factor of this pollution factor, mg·kg -1 ·d -1 ; c pf is the concentration of the f-th early warning of this pollution factor in the current year, mg·m -3 ; m represents the number of early warnings that have occurred in the current year; t f is the exposure duration of the f-th early warning of this pollution factor in the current year, h·a -1 ; BW is the human body mass, and the empirical value is 65kg; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25a; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 70a when conducting carcinogenic risk assessment; LCR takes 10 -4 ;

[0155] For pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, since the hazard index HI总 The evaluation object is the sum of multiple pollution factors. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the hazard index HIa that may be generated by the exposure of all target pollution factors with non-carcinogenic effects in the current year. 总 The non-carcinogenic effect coefficient N2 is obtained by comparing with the assigned value of HI:

[0156]

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] In the formula, HI ai is the non-carcinogenic risk that may be generated by the early warning exposure of pollution factor pi in the current year; HI a总 is the sum of HI of all pollution factors pi with non-carcinogenic effects ai ; RfC i is the non-carcinogenic reference dose of pollution factor pi; c pfi is the concentration of the f-th early warning of pollution factor pi in the current year, mg·m -3 ; m represents the number of early warnings generated in the current year; n represents the number of types of pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects; t fi is the exposure duration of the f-th early warning of pollution factor pi in the current year, h·a -1 ; BW is the human body mass, and the empirical value is 65 kg; IR is the absorption rate of adults, which can be taken as 0.83 m·h -1 ; ED is the exposure duration, which can be taken as 25 a; AT is the average lifespan of the human body, which can be taken as 25 a when conducting non-carcinogenic risk assessment; HI is taken as 1;

[0160] When the calculation results of N1 and N2 are less than 0, take 0;

[0161] S44: By introducing a coefficient N to correct the exposure duration of the basic exposure duration T’, the exposure duration T2 is obtained:

[0162] T2 = N × T′

[0163] In the formula, when calculating the exposure duration of the carcinogenic effect of the pollution factor, N is selected as the carcinogenic effect coefficient N1, and the basic exposure duration T’ is selected as T’ 致癌 ; when calculating the exposure duration of the non-carcinogenic effect of the pollution factor, N is selected as the non-carcinogenic effect coefficient N2, and the basic exposure duration T’ is selected as T’ 非致癌 ;

[0164] If the pollution factor has both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic toxic effects at the same time, select the shorter value of the exposure duration calculated in two ways as T2; in the case of excessive total volatile organic compounds TVOC, select the shortest value of the exposure duration among the VOCs pollution factors as T2;

[0165] S45: Determine the disposal duration T by combining the diffusion time and exposure duration of the pollution factor:

[0166] T = T1 + T2

[0167] S46: When the pollution factor starts to give an early warning in step S3, synchronously push the disposal duration T to the polluting enterprise. If the polluting enterprise fails to complete the pollution disposal within the disposal duration T, a reminder instruction will be issued to it.

[0168] In addition, it should be understood that after reading the above description of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims

1. An early warning and disposal method for atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts, characterized in that, Includes steps: S1: Survey the distribution of environmental risk sources, monitoring sites and surrounding sensitive points in the industrial park, build a VOCs pollution source spectrum and pollution source emission inventory, and calculate the pollution source intensity Q of the VOCs pollution factor of enterprises in the park; S2: According to the distribution of monitoring sites, surrounding sensitive points in step S1 and the source strength Q of the enterprise's VOCs pollution factors obtained, calculate the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factors emitted by the pollution source reaching the sensitive point through the Gaussian diffusion model p ; S3: Determine whether to initiate an early warning based on the pollution factors emitted by the pollution source based on the air environment target value; S4: Determine the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factor at the sensitive point p , and in combination with the diffusion duration T1 of the pollution factor and the exposure duration T2 obtained from the assessment of the impact on human health and the impact of historical emissions of pollution, determine the treatment duration T and send it to the polluting enterprise, requiring the polluting enterprise to complete pollution treatment within the treatment duration T; In step S4, the determination of the treatment duration includes the following steps: S41: Calculate the time T1 when the pollutant diffuses from the pollution source P(x p , y p ) to the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance within the affected range: Where: Ln is the distance, in m, between the pollution source P(x p , y p ) and the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion; T1 is the time it takes for the pollution factor to diffuse from the pollution source P to the sensitive point A, min; ucosδ is the projection wind speed of the average downwind wind speed u on the straight line between the pollution source P and the sensitive point A, m / s; S42: Obtain carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters and non-carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters of the pollutant factors, and identify whether the hazards of the pollutants belong to carcinogenic toxicity effects or non-carcinogenic toxicity effects; the carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters include the carcinogenic slope factor SF; the non-carcinogenic toxicity effect parameters include the non-carcinogenic reference dose RfC; S43: Identify the carcinogenic toxic effect or non-carcinogenic toxic effect of the pollutant pi for which the warning is initiated in step S3, and conduct a health risk assessment on the concentration of the pollutant pi diffused to the sensitive point A, and determine the basic exposure duration T' using the lifetime carcinogenic risk LCR and the hazard index HI as measurement indicators; For a pollutant factor with carcinogenic toxic effects, the basic exposure duration T' determined according to the carcinogenic slope factor SF of the pollutant factor 致癌 is as follows: Wherein, SF is the carcinogenic slope factor of the pollution factor; IR is the absorption rate of adults; ED is the exposure duration; EF is the exposure frequency; LCR is the lifetime carcinogenic risk, taking 10 -4 ; BW is the body mass; AT is the average lifespan of the human body; For a pollutant factor with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, the basic exposure duration T' determined according to the non-carcinogenic reference dose RfC of the pollutant factor 非致癌 is as follows: where c pi is the concentration of the pollution factor pi with non-carcinogenic toxic effects diffusing to the sensitive point A, mg·m -3 ; RfC i is the non-carcinogenic reference dose of the pollution factor pi; AT is the average lifespan of the human body; IR is the absorption rate of adults; ED is the exposure duration; EF is the exposure frequency; BW is the body mass of the human body; n represents the number of pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects; HI 总 represents the sum of the hazard indices HI of n pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, assigned a value of 1; S43: Considering the impact of historical pollution on environmental health, the coefficient N is introduced to correct the basic exposure duration; For pollution factors with carcinogenic toxic effects, since the lifetime carcinogenic risk (LCR) assessment object is a single pollutant, it is necessary to calculate the LCR of the pollution factor generated by historical exposure in the current year. a , by comparing with the assigned value of LCR, which is 10 -4 , the carcinogenic effect coefficient N1 of the pollution factor can be obtained: where LCR a is the lifetime carcinogenic risk caused by the early warning exposure of the pollution factor in that year, dimensionless; SF is the carcinogenic slope factor of the pollution factor; c pf is the concentration of the f-th early warning of the pollution factor in that year, mg·m -3 ; m represents the number of early warnings generated in that year; t f is the exposure duration of the f-th early warning of the pollution factor in that year, h·a -1 ; BW is the body mass; IR is the absorption rate of adults; ED is the exposure duration; AT is the average lifespan of the human body; LCR takes 10 -4 ; For pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects, since the hazard index HI 总 is the sum of multiple pollution factors for the assessment object, it is necessary to calculate the hazard index HIa generated by the current exposure of all target pollution factors with non-carcinogenic effects 总 , and obtain the non-carcinogenic effect coefficient N2 by comparing it with the assigned value of 1 for HI: Wherein, HI ai is the non-carcinogenic risk generated by the early warning exposure of the pollution factor pi in the current year; HI a总 is the sum of the HIs of all pollution factors pi with non-carcinogenic effects ai ; RfC i is the non-carcinogenic reference dose of the pollution factor pi; c pfi is the concentration of the f-th early warning of the pollution factor pi in the current year, mg·m -3 ; m represents the number of early warnings generated in the current year; n represents the number of types of pollution factors with non-carcinogenic toxic effects; t fi is the exposure duration of the f-th early warning of the pollution factor pi in the current year, h·a -1 ; BW is the human body mass; IR is the absorption rate of adults; ED is the exposure duration; AT is the average lifespan of the human body; HI takes 1; When the calculated results of N1 and N2 are less than 0, they are taken as 0; S44: Modify the exposure time by introducing coefficient N into the basic exposure time T' to obtain exposure time T2: T2=N×T′ In the formula, when calculating the exposure duration of the carcinogenic effect of the pollution factor, N selects the carcinogenic effect coefficient N1, and the basic exposure duration T' selects T'. 致癌 When calculating the exposure duration of the non-carcinogenic effect of the pollution factor, N selects the non-carcinogenic effect coefficient N2, and the basic exposure duration T' selects T'. 非致癌 ; If the pollution factor has both carcinogenic toxic effects and non-carcinogenic toxic effects, the value with the shorter exposure time is selected after calculation in two ways. If the total volatile organic compound TVOC exceeds the standard, the value with the shortest exposure time among the VOCs pollution factors is selected as T2. S45: Determine the treatment time T based on the diffusion time and exposure time of the pollution factor: T=T1+T2 S46: When the pollution factor in step S3 initiates an early warning, the treatment time T is simultaneously pushed to the polluting enterprise. If the polluting enterprise fails to complete the pollution treatment within the treatment time T, a reminder instruction is issued to it.

2. The method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts according to claim 1, wherein Step S1 specifically includes the following steps: S11: Investigate the height of exhaust chimneys of enterprises in the industrial park, the monitored pollution factors, the geographical information of monitoring sites and the distribution of surrounding sensitive points, and establish a VOCs pollution factor fingerprint database; S12: Using a method combining material balance and field investigation and monitoring, on the basis of step S11, the pollution source spectrum of each environmental risk source is constructed, the pollution component spectrum of the enterprise's VOCs emission source is quantitatively analyzed, and a VOCs pollution emission inventory is established; S13: Calculate the pollution source strength of the pollution factor according to the VOCs pollution emission inventory established in step S12.

3. The method for warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S13 is divided into the following two cases: Case 1: The existing monitoring conditions meet the pollution factors X1, X2... X selected in the VOCs pollution emission list n , and the source strength Q of each pollution factor is calculated in real time and dynamically based on the monitored pollution factor concentration and emission rate data of the enterprise monitoring stations in the park Xn : Q Xn = c Xn × v Xn Where: c Xn is the real-time monitored concentration of the X n pollution factor, mg / m 3 ; v Xn is the emission rate of the X n pollution factor, m 3 / s; Case 2: The existing monitoring conditions cannot meet the pollution factors Y1, Y2... Y selected in the VOCs pollution emission list n , based on the concentration ratios r1, r2... r of the pollution factors in the pollution composition spectrum of the park enterprises n , calculate the source strength Q of each pollution factor respectively by converting according to the real-time monitoring concentration and emission rate of the total volatile organic compound TVOC Yn : Q Yn = c TVOC × v TVOC × r Yn Where: c TVOC is the real-time monitored concentration of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), mg / m 3 ; v TVOC is the emission rate of TVOC, m 3 / s; r Yn is the concentration proportion of the Y n pollution factor in the enterprise pollution component spectrum.

4. The method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21: Calculate the angle θ between the line connecting the pollution source and the sensitive point and the true north direction; S22: Calculate the angle δ between the wind direction angle σ and the included angle θ according to the current wind direction angle σ, and determine whether the sensitive point is within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion according to the size of the angle δ; δ=|σ-θ| S23: Calculate the distance between the pollution source P(x p , y p ) and the sensitive point (x Pn , y Pn ) within the influence range of the diffusion of the pollution source P. Select the sensitive point A(x Pa , y Pa ) with the minimum straight-line distance, and use the Gaussian diffusion model to calculate the maximum diffusion concentration c p of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P reaching the sensitive point A.

5. The method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S22, if δ ≤ 22.5°, it is considered that the sensitive point is within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion; if δ > 22.5°, it is considered that the sensitive point is not within the influence range of the pollution source diffusion.

6. The method for warning and disposing of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that In step S23, according to the actual meteorological conditions, the maximum diffusion concentration c is calculated separately in two cases: the downwind point source diffusion model when there is wind, i.e., the wind speed of the meteorological conditions ≥ 1.5 m / s, and the point source diffusion model when there is light wind or calm wind, i.e., the wind speed of the meteorological conditions < 1.5 m / s. p Calculation; Assume that the pollution source P emits continuously and steadily. Based on the Gaussian diffusion model, when the meteorological condition is that the wind speed ≥ 1.5 m / s, the following formula is used to calculate the pollutant concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P diffusing to the sensitive point A p : Where: Q P is the pollution intensity of the pollution factor discharged from the pollution source P, mg / s; y1 is the projected distance between the sensitive point A and the pollution source P in the cross-wind direction, in m; u is the average wind speed in the downwind direction, in m / s; He P is the effective height of pollution source P, in m, with the investigation results in step S1 as the data source, He P is the chimney height of the outlet where pollution source P is located; σ y is the diffusion parameter in the cross-wind direction, and σ z is the diffusion parameter in the vertical direction; When the meteorological condition is that the wind speed < 1.5 m / s, the simplified plume estimation method is used to calculate the pollutant concentration c of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P spreading to the sensitive point A p : Where: r a is the distance between the sensitive point A and the pollution source P, in m; u a is the wind speed at the sensitive point A, m / s; Q P is the pollution intensity of the pollution factor emitted by the pollution source P, mg / s; σ z is the diffusion parameter in the vertical direction; He P is the effective height of pollution source P, in m, with the investigation results in step S1 as the data source, He P is the chimney height of the outlet where pollution source P is located.

7. The method for early warning and disposal of atmospheric VOCs pollution in industrial parks based on environmental health impacts according to claim 1, wherein Step S3 specifically includes the following steps: S31: Determine the air environment target value according to the following formula: In the formula: AMEG is the air environment target value, that is, the daily maximum allowable concentration in the air for residents, mg / m 3 ; LD50 is the median lethal dose of rats by oral administration of poison, mg / kg; S32: When the maximum diffusion concentration c of the pollution factors emitted by the pollution source at the sensitive point p is higher than the air environment target value, a warning is initiated.

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