A method of polishing a structural ceramic

Abstract

The application discloses a polishing method of structural ceramics, which comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing alumina grinding balls with different particle sizes according to a certain weight ratio and placing the alumina grinding balls in a first tank-shaped roller; then, adding grinding liquid and diamond powder; finally, placing the structural ceramics into the first tank-shaped roller, rotating the first tank-shaped roller, and coarsely polishing the structural ceramics; filtering out the alumina grinding balls after the coarse polishing, placing the alumina grinding balls into a second tank-shaped roller, adding alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size in the coarse polishing and the grinding liquid and diamond powder, and performing middle polishing; filtering out the alumina grinding balls after the middle polishing, placing the alumina grinding balls into a third tank-shaped roller, adding the grinding liquid and zirconia powder, and performing fine polishing; filtering out the alumina grinding balls after the fine polishing, placing the alumina grinding balls into a fourth tank-shaped roller, adding alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size in the fine polishing, the grinding liquid and the zirconia powder, and performing fine polishing; and performing scanning polishing and cleaning after the fine polishing. The alumina grinding balls are repeatedly used, and the material cost is reduced without reducing the polishing effect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of polishing process, in particular to a polishing method of structural ceramics. BACKGROUND

[0002] Structural ceramics belong to a kind of gap uniform ceramics, which has superior strength, hardness, insulation, heat conduction, high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high temperature strength and other characteristics. In the processing method of structural ceramics, polishing is an important process, which usually includes rough polishing, medium polishing, fine polishing and precision polishing. In the existing technology, specific single particle size grinding balls are added in the steps of rough polishing, medium polishing, fine polishing and precision polishing to achieve the purpose of polishing by impacting and rubbing contact between the grinding balls and the surface of structural ceramics. However, the particle size of the grinding balls will gradually decrease after a period of use, which cannot meet the specific particle size requirement. Especially in the traditional fine polishing or precision polishing process, a large number of single particle size grinding balls with a diameter of 12 mm are needed. If the particle size of the grinding balls decreases due to wear, the new grinding balls need to be discarded and replaced, resulting in high cost. Therefore, it is an urgent technical problem to reduce the material cost while ensuring the polishing effect does not decrease by improving the structural ceramic polishing method. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of polishing process, in particular to a polishing method of structural ceramics.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a polishing method of structural ceramics, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: first, mix a plurality of particle size alumina grinding balls according to a certain weight ratio and place them in a first tank-shaped roller; then add a grinding liquid so that the grinding liquid covers the surface of the grinding balls, and then add diamond powder; finally, put the structural ceramics into the first tank-shaped roller and rotate the first tank-shaped roller to perform rough polishing on the structural ceramics.

[0006] Step 2: filter the first tank-shaped roller after rough polishing, take out the structural ceramics and filter out a certain proportion of alumina grinding balls, the particle size of which is reduced, and then mix the alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size in step 1 according to a certain proportion and place them in a second tank-shaped roller; then add a grinding liquid so that the grinding liquid covers the surface of the grinding balls, and then add diamond powder; finally, put the structural ceramics after rough polishing into the second tank-shaped roller and rotate the second tank-shaped roller to perform medium polishing on the structural ceramics.

[0007] Step 3: filter the second tank-shaped roller after the intermediate polishing, take out the structural ceramics and filter out a certain proportion of the alumina grinding balls, and place all the filtered alumina grinding balls in the third tank-shaped roller; then add the grinding liquid so that the grinding liquid covers the surface of the grinding balls, add the zirconium oxide powder, and finally put the structural ceramics after the intermediate polishing into the third tank-shaped roller, rotate the third tank-shaped roller, and polish the structural ceramics;

[0008] Step 4: filter the third tank-shaped roller after the fine polishing, take out the structural ceramics and filter out a certain proportion of the alumina grinding balls, then add the alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size in step 3 according to a certain proportion for mixing, and place them in the fourth tank-shaped roller; then add the grinding liquid so that the grinding liquid is flush with the surface of the grinding balls, add the zirconium oxide powder, and finally put the structural ceramics after the fine polishing into the fourth tank-shaped roller, rotate the fourth tank-shaped roller, and polish the structural ceramics;

[0009] Step 5: fix the structural ceramics after the fine polishing on the grinding jig plate using wax, continuously drip the silica grinding liquid, and sequentially perform coarse, medium and fine polishing.

[0010] Step 6: use an ultrasonic cleaning machine to wash the wax attached to the surface of the structural ceramics, then wipe it with alcohol, and obtain the polished structural ceramics.

[0011] Further, the alumina grinding balls in step 1 include No. 20 alumina grinding balls, No. 15 alumina grinding balls, No. 12 alumina grinding balls, No. 10 alumina grinding balls, and No. 8 alumina grinding balls, and are mixed according to a weight ratio of 1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.7-0.8.

[0012] In step 2, the first tank-shaped roller filters out No. 15 alumina grinding balls, No. 12 alumina grinding balls, No. 10 alumina grinding balls, No. 8 alumina grinding balls, and No. 6 alumina grinding balls according to a weight ratio of 1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1, and a certain amount of No. 20 alumina grinding balls are added for mixing, so that the weight ratio of No. 20 alumina grinding balls, No. 15 alumina grinding balls, No. 12 alumina grinding balls, No. 10 alumina grinding balls, No. 8 alumina grinding balls, and No. 6 alumina grinding balls in the second tank-shaped roller is 0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1.

[0013] In step 3, the second tank-shaped roller filters out No. 15 alumina grinding balls, No. 12 alumina grinding balls, No. 10 alumina grinding balls, No. 8 alumina grinding balls, No. 6 alumina, and No. 5 alumina grinding balls according to a weight ratio of 0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6.

[0014] In step 4, the third canister-shaped drum filters out alumina grinding balls of No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, No. 5, and No. 3 in a weight ratio of 0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:1.4–1.6. A certain amount of No. 15 alumina grinding balls is then added and mixed, so that the weight ratio of the No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, No. 5, and No. 3 alumina grinding balls in the fourth canister-shaped drum is 0.7–0.8:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:1.4–1.6.

[0015] Furthermore, the particle size ratio of the No. 20 alumina grinding ball, No. 15 alumina grinding ball, No. 12 alumina grinding ball, No. 10 alumina grinding ball, No. 8 alumina grinding ball, No. 6 alumina grinding ball, No. 5 alumina grinding ball, and No. 3 alumina grinding ball is 20:15:12:10:8:6:5:3.

[0016] Furthermore, the particle sizes of the No. 20 alumina grinding ball, No. 15 alumina grinding ball, No. 12 alumina grinding ball, No. 10 alumina grinding ball, No. 8 alumina grinding ball, No. 6 alumina grinding ball, No. 5 alumina grinding ball, and No. 3 alumina grinding ball are 20mm, 15mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 5mm, and 3mm, respectively.

[0017] Furthermore, the diamond powder added in step 1 has a particle size of 140-160 mesh, and the weight ratio of the diamond powder to the alumina grinding ball with the largest particle size is 0.9-1.1:3000-3600; the corundum added in step 2 has a particle size of 140-160 mesh, and the weight ratio of the corundum to the alumina grinding ball with the largest particle size is 0.9-1.1:600-730; the zirconium oxide powder added in steps 3 and 4 has a particle size of 1400-1600 mesh, and the weight ratio of the zirconium oxide powder to the alumina grinding ball with the largest particle size is 0.9-1.1:180-220.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 5, after the finely polished structural ceramic is fixed onto the upper plate of the grinding jig with wax, coarse abrasive is used with a weight of 28-32 kg, and silica polishing slurry is continuously dripped at a speed of 35-45 rpm for coarse polishing; then medium abrasive is used with a weight of 28-32 kg, and silica polishing slurry is continuously dripped at a speed of 35-45 rpm for medium polishing; finally, wool abrasive is used with a weight of 23-27 kg, and silica polishing slurry is continuously dripped at a speed of 35-45 rpm for fine polishing.

[0019] Furthermore, the silica polishing slurry used for coarse polishing is as follows: silica and pure water are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:200 to form the base polishing slurry, and aluminum powder with a particle size of 850μm is added at a ratio of 3g / kg polishing slurry, as well as diamond powder with a particle size of 850μm at a ratio of 5g / kg polishing slurry. Finally, the mixture is thoroughly stirred and homogenized before being used as the polishing droplet for the polishing machine.

[0020] Furthermore, the silica polishing slurry used for intermediate polishing is as follows: silica is mixed with pure water at a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base polishing slurry, and then aluminum powder with a particle size of 6000μm is added at a ratio of 3g / kg polishing slurry, and diamond powder with a particle size of 6000μm is added at a ratio of 5g / kg polishing slurry. Finally, the mixture is thoroughly stirred and homogenized before being used as the polishing droplet for the polishing machine.

[0021] Furthermore, the silica polishing slurry used for fine polishing is as follows: silica and pure water are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:200 to form a base polishing slurry, and then aluminum powder with a particle size of 12000μm is added at a ratio of 3g / kg of polishing slurry. Finally, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and evenly with a mixer before being used as the polishing droplet for the polishing machine.

[0022] After adopting the above solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention mixes alumina grinding balls of various particle sizes in a specific ratio, and then, with the aid of grinding fluid, diamond powder, corundum, and zirconium oxide powder, performs four polishing processes—rough polishing, medium polishing, fine polishing, and finishing—on structural ceramics to ensure polishing effect. After finishing polishing, the structural ceramics undergo three more finishing processes—rough finishing, medium finishing, and fine finishing—to further improve the polishing effect. After rough polishing, the particle size of all alumina grinding balls is reduced. For example, alumina grinding balls with a particle size of 20mm are reduced to 15mm, 15mm to 12mm, and so on. The particle size of each alumina grinding ball is correspondingly reduced, which precisely meets the requirements for finer polishing. Therefore, the maximum particle size of the alumina grinding balls filtered in step 2 is smaller than that in step 1, and the filtered alumina grinding balls can be directly used in step 2. Since medium polishing requires oxygen... Since the alumina grinding balls have a relatively large particle size, a certain amount of alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size from step 1 needs to be added for mixing. This mixture is then placed into the second can-shaped roller for intermediate polishing. After intermediate polishing, the particle size of all the alumina grinding balls filtered out will decrease, which just meets the requirements for fine polishing. The filtered alumina grinding balls are then placed into the third can-shaped roller for fine polishing. After fine polishing, the filtered alumina grinding balls are mixed with a certain amount of alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size from step 3 and then placed into the fourth can-shaped roller for fine polishing. This invention greatly reduces material costs by reusing alumina grinding balls, and the polishing effect does not decrease. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] The particle size ratio of the No. 20, No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, No. 5, and No. 3 alumina grinding balls described in this invention is 20:15:12:10:8:6:5:3. Taking the No. 20 alumina grinding ball with a particle size of 20mm as an example, the particle sizes of the other alumina grinding balls are 15mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 5mm, and 3mm, respectively.

[0027] This invention provides a polishing method for structural ceramics, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0028] Step 1: First, mix alumina grinding balls of various particle sizes in a certain weight ratio. Specifically, mix No. 20 alumina grinding balls, No. 15 alumina grinding balls, No. 12 alumina grinding balls, No. 10 alumina grinding balls, and No. 8 alumina grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.7-0.8, and place them in the first canister-shaped drum. Next, add grinding fluid to cover the grinding ball surface, and then add diamond powder with a particle size of 140-160 mesh. The weight ratio of the diamond powder to the No. 20 alumina grinding ball is 0.9-1.1:3000-3600. Finally, place the structural ceramic into the first canister-shaped drum and rotate the first canister-shaped drum to coarsely polish the structural ceramic.

[0029] Step 2: Filter the first canister-shaped drum after coarse polishing, removing the structural ceramic and alumina grinding balls. After coarse polishing, the alumina grinding balls in the first canister-shaped drum will have a smaller particle size. For example, a No. 20 alumina grinding ball will be reduced to a No. 15 alumina grinding ball, and so on. The filtered alumina grinding balls will no longer contain the largest No. 20 alumina grinding ball, and the smallest No. 8 alumina grinding ball will be reduced to a No. 6 alumina grinding ball, resulting in an additional No. 6 alumina grinding balls. The total weight ratio is 1.4–1.6:1.4–1.6:1.1–1.3:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1 for No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, and No. 6 alumina grinding balls. Place these alumina grinding balls into the second canister-shaped drum; due to the intermediate polishing... The required alumina grinding balls have a relatively large particle size. To meet the needs of intermediate polishing, a certain amount of alumina grinding balls with the largest particle size from step 1, namely No. 20 alumina grinding balls, needs to be added. The No. 20, No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, and No. 6 alumina grinding balls in the second canister-shaped drum are mixed in a weight ratio of 0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:1.4–1.6:1.1–1.3:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1. Next, grinding fluid is added to cover the grinding ball surface. Then, diamond abrasive with a particle size of 140–160 mesh is added, with a weight ratio of diamond abrasive to No. 20 alumina grinding balls of 0.9–1.1:600–730. Finally, the coarsely polished structural ceramic is placed into the second canister-shaped drum, and the drum is rotated to perform intermediate polishing.

[0030] Step 3: Filter the second canister-shaped drum after intermediate polishing, and remove the structural ceramic and alumina grinding balls. The alumina grinding balls in the second canister-shaped drum, after intermediate polishing, will no longer contain the largest particle size (No. 20 alumina grinding balls), and will contain additional No. 5 alumina grinding balls converted from No. 6 alumina grinding balls. The total number of alumina grinding balls (No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, and No. 8) will be present, with a weight ratio of 0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:1.1–1.3:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6. Aluminum grinding balls, No. 6 alumina grinding balls, and No. 5 alumina grinding balls are used. The alumina grinding balls with smaller particle size have a higher specific gravity, which just meets the requirements for fine polishing. Therefore, these alumina grinding balls are directly placed into the third canister-shaped drum. Next, grinding fluid is added so that it covers the surface of the grinding balls. Then, zirconia powder with a particle size of 1400-1600 mesh is added. The weight ratio of the zirconia powder to the No. 15 alumina grinding ball is 0.9-1.1:180-220. Finally, the structural ceramic that has been intermediately polished is placed into the third canister-shaped drum, and the third canister-shaped drum is rotated to perform fine polishing on the structural ceramic.

[0031] Step 4: Filter the finely polished third canister-shaped drum, removing the structural ceramic and alumina grinding balls. The alumina grinding balls in the third canister-shaped drum, after fine polishing, will no longer contain the largest particle size (No. 15 alumina grinding balls), but will contain additional No. 3 alumina grinding balls converted from No. 5 alumina grinding balls. The total weight ratio is 0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:1.4–1.6 for No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, No. 5, and No. 3 alumina grinding balls. Place these alumina grinding balls into the fourth canister-shaped drum. These alumina grinding balls have relatively small particle sizes, meeting the requirements for fine polishing, but a certain amount of the largest particle size alumina grinding balls from Step 3 still needs to be added. The process involves mixing alumina grinding balls (number 15, 12, 10, 8, 6, 5, and 3) in a weight ratio of 0.7–0.8:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:0.9–1.1:0.9–1.1:1.4–1.6:1.4–1.6. Next, grinding fluid is added until it is level with the grinding balls. Then, zirconia powder with a particle size of 1400–1600 mesh is added, with a weight ratio of zirconia powder to alumina grinding ball number 15 of 0.9–1.1:180–220. Finally, the finely polished structural ceramic is placed into the fourth can-shaped drum, and the drum is rotated to perform fine polishing.

[0032] Step 5: Fix the finely polished structural ceramic onto the grinding jig using wax. Use coarse abrasive pads, weighing 28-32 kg, and continuously drip silica polishing slurry at a speed of 35-45 rpm for coarse polishing. The silica polishing slurry has a lubricating effect on the structural ceramic. The silica polishing slurry used for coarse polishing is: silica and pure water mixed at a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base slurry, then aluminum powder with a particle size of 850 μm is added at a ratio of 3 g / kg of slurry, and diamond powder with a particle size of 850 μm is added at a ratio of 5 g / kg of slurry. Finally, use a mixer to mix thoroughly and evenly before using it as the polishing dripping slurry in the polishing machine.

[0033] Next, using a medium-grit abrasive pad with a weight of 28-32 kg, continuously dripping silica polishing slurry at a speed of 35-45 rpm, a medium-grit polishing process is performed. The silica polishing slurry used for medium-grit polishing is a base slurry made by mixing silica with purified water at a weight ratio of 1:200, then adding aluminum powder with a particle size of 6000 μm at a ratio of 3 g / kg of polishing slurry, and diamond powder with a particle size of 6000 μm at a ratio of 5 g / kg of polishing slurry. Finally, the mixture is thoroughly stirred and homogenized before being used as the polishing slurry for the polishing machine.

[0034] Finally, wool abrasive is used, with a weight of 23-27 kg, and silica polishing slurry is continuously dripped at a speed of 35-45 rpm for fine polishing. The silica polishing slurry used for fine polishing is: silica and pure water are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base slurry, and then aluminum powder with a particle size of 12000μm is added at a ratio of 3g / kg of slurry. Finally, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and evenly with a mixer before being used as the polishing slurry for the polishing machine.

[0035] Step 6: Use an ultrasonic cleaner to remove the wax adhering to the surface of the structural ceramic, and then wipe it with alcohol to obtain the polished structural ceramic.

[0036] This invention adds 140-160 mesh diamond powder to the coarse polishing process. After mixing with the polishing fluid and alumina grinding balls, the diamond powder covers the surface of the alumina grinding balls. The diamond powder has high hardness and large particle size, which has an auxiliary polishing effect on structural ceramics and also has a buffering and lubricating effect on structural ceramics during coarse polishing. In the intermediate polishing process, this invention adds 140-160 mesh large-particle-size corundum. Corundum has high hardness and large particle size, and has the same effect as diamond powder, but its hardness is slightly less than that of diamond powder, so it is suitable for intermediate polishing. However, since diamond powder and corundum have relatively high hardness, a small amount of diamond powder and corundum should be added to avoid affecting the polishing effect. Therefore, the weight ratio of diamond powder to No. 20 alumina grinding balls in step 1 is 0.9-1.1:3000-3600, and the weight ratio of corundum to No. 20 alumina grinding balls in step 2 is 0.9-1.1:600-730. In this invention, 1400-1600 mesh zirconia powder is added in the subsequent fine polishing and finishing processes. The function of zirconia powder is the same as that of diamond powder and corundum, but zirconia powder has the smallest hardness and particle size, making it suitable for fine polishing and finishing processes with more delicate processes. In addition, the low hardness of zirconia powder has a good auxiliary effect, and the amount added can be more than that of diamond powder and corundum. Therefore, the weight ratio of zirconia powder to No. 15 alumina grinding ball in steps 3 and 4 is 0.9-1.1:180-220.

[0037] Furthermore, the particle size of diamond powder decreases after coarse polishing, which will not affect the subsequent medium, fine, and high-precision polishing effects. Similarly, corundum will not affect the subsequent fine and high-precision polishing effects.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] Step 1: First, mix alumina grinding balls of sizes 20mm, 15mm, 12mm, 10mm, and 8mm in a weight ratio of 1.5:1.5:1:1:0.75 and place them in the first canister-shaped drum. Next, add grinding fluid to cover the grinding ball surface, and then add diamond powder with a particle size of 150 mesh. The weight ratio of the diamond powder to the alumina grinding balls of size 20 is 1:3300. Finally, place the structural ceramic into the first canister-shaped drum and rotate the drum to perform coarse polishing on the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0040] Step 2: Filter the first canister-shaped drum after coarse polishing, removing the structural ceramic and alumina grinding balls. After coarse polishing, the particle size of the alumina grinding balls in the first canister-shaped drum will decrease; the No. 20 alumina grinding balls will be reduced to No. 15 alumina grinding balls. Place the No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, and No. 6 alumina grinding balls (with a weight ratio of 1.5:1.5:1.2:1.0:1.0) into the second canister-shaped drum. Then add a certain amount of No. 20 alumina grinding balls. The following steps are performed: 1. Mix No. 20, No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, and No. 6 alumina grinding balls in the second canister-shaped drum at a weight ratio of 1.0:1.5:1.5:1.2:1.0:1.0; 2. Add grinding fluid to cover the grinding balls, then add 150-mesh diamond abrasive, with a weight ratio of diamond abrasive to No. 20 alumina grinding balls of 1:660; finally, place the coarsely polished structural ceramic into the second canister-shaped drum and rotate it to perform a medium polishing process for 15 minutes.

[0041] Step 3: Filter the second canister-shaped roller after intermediate polishing, and remove the structural ceramic and alumina grinding balls. After intermediate polishing, remove the alumina grinding balls from the second canister-shaped roller, which do not contain No. 20 alumina grinding balls, but only have No. 15, No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, and No. 5 alumina grinding balls with a weight ratio of 1.0:1.5:1.2:1.0:1.0:1.5. Place these alumina grinding balls into the third canister-shaped roller; then add grinding fluid to cover the grinding ball surface, and then add zirconia powder with a particle size of 1500 mesh, wherein the weight ratio of zirconia powder to No. 15 alumina grinding balls is 1:200; finally, place the intermediate polished structural ceramic into the third canister-shaped roller, rotate the third canister-shaped roller, and finely polish the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0042] Step 4: Filter the finely polished third canister-shaped roller, removing the structural ceramic and alumina grinding balls. The alumina grinding balls in the third canister-shaped roller, after fine polishing, will no longer contain No. 15 alumina grinding balls, but will only contain No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, No. 5, and No. 3 alumina grinding balls in a weight ratio of 1.0:1.5:1.0:1.0:1.5:1.5. These alumina grinding balls will be placed into the fourth canister-shaped roller; then, a certain amount of No. 15 alumina grinding balls will be added, ensuring the No. 15 alumina grinding balls in the fourth canister-shaped roller are properly arranged. Alumina grinding balls No. 12, No. 10, No. 8, No. 6, No. 5, and No. 3 were mixed in a weight ratio of 0.75:1.0:1.5:1.0:1.0:1.5:1.5. Next, grinding fluid was added, leveling it with the surface of the grinding balls. Then, zirconia powder with a particle size of 1500 mesh was added, with a weight ratio of zirconia powder to No. 15 alumina grinding ball of 1:200. Finally, the finely polished structural ceramic was placed in a fourth canister-shaped drum, and the drum was rotated to perform fine polishing on the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0043] Step 5: Fix the finely polished structural ceramic onto the grinding jig using wax. Using coarse abrasive pads with a weight of 30 kg, continuously drip silica polishing slurry at a speed of 40 rpm for coarse polishing. The silica polishing slurry used for coarse polishing is: silica and pure water mixed at a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base slurry, then aluminum powder with a particle size of 850 μm is added at a ratio of 3 g / kg of slurry, and diamond powder with a particle size of 850 μm is added at a ratio of 5 g / kg of slurry. Finally, mix thoroughly and evenly with a mixer before using it as the polishing slurry for the polishing machine.

[0044] Next, using a medium-grit abrasive pad with a weight of 30 kg, a silica polishing slurry is continuously dripped in at a speed of 40 rpm for medium-level polishing. The silica polishing slurry used for medium-level polishing is a base slurry made by mixing silica with purified water at a weight ratio of 1:200, then adding aluminum powder with a particle size of 6000 μm at a ratio of 3 g / kg of polishing slurry, and diamond powder with a particle size of 6000 μm at a ratio of 5 g / kg of polishing slurry. Finally, the mixture is thoroughly stirred and homogenized before being used as the polishing slurry for the polishing machine.

[0045] Finally, using wool abrasive, with a weight of 25kg, and continuously dripping silica polishing slurry at a speed of 40 rpm, fine polishing is performed. The silica polishing slurry used for fine polishing is: silica and pure water are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base slurry, and then aluminum powder with a particle size of 12000μm is added at a ratio of 3g / kg of slurry. Finally, the mixture is stirred thoroughly and evenly before being used as the polishing slurry for the polishing machine.

[0046] Step 8: Use an ultrasonic cleaner to remove the wax adhering to the surface of the structural ceramic, and then wipe it with alcohol to obtain the polished structural ceramic.

[0047] The following comparative analysis uses examples and comparative cases for further comparison:

[0048] Comparative Example 1:

[0049] Step 1: First, place No. 12 alumina grinding balls with a particle size of 12mm into a can-shaped drum; then add polishing slurry to cover the surface of the grinding balls, and then add zirconia powder with a particle size of 1500 mesh. The weight ratio of the zirconia powder to the No. 12 alumina grinding balls is 1:200; finally, place the structural ceramic into the can-shaped drum, rotate the can-shaped drum, and polish the structural ceramic for 60 minutes.

[0050] Step 2: Fix the polished structural ceramic onto the grinding jig using wax. Use coarse abrasive pads with a weight of 30 kg and continuously drip silica polishing slurry at a speed of 40 rpm for coarse polishing. Then use wool abrasive pads with a weight of 25 kg and continuously drip silica polishing slurry at a speed of 40 rpm for fine polishing.

[0051] Step 3: Use an ultrasonic cleaner to remove the wax adhering to the surface of the structural ceramic, and then wipe it with alcohol to obtain the polished structural ceramic.

[0052] Comparative Example 2:

[0053] Step 1: First, place No. 20 alumina grinding balls with a particle size of 20mm into the first canister-shaped drum; then add grinding fluid to cover the grinding ball surface, and then add diamond powder with a particle size of 150 mesh. The weight ratio of the zirconium oxide powder to the No. 20 alumina grinding balls is 1:3300; finally, place the structural ceramic into the first canister-shaped drum, rotate the first canister-shaped drum, and perform rough polishing on the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0054] Step 2: First, place No. 15 alumina grinding balls with a particle size of 15mm into the second can-shaped roller. Then, add grinding fluid to cover the surface of the grinding balls. Next, add diamond abrasive with a particle size of 150 mesh. The weight ratio of the zirconium oxide powder to the No. 15 alumina grinding balls is 1:660. Finally, remove the structural ceramic from the first can-shaped roller and place it into the second can-shaped roller. Rotate the second can-shaped roller to perform intermediate polishing on the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0055] Step 3: First, place No. 12 alumina grinding balls with a particle size of 12mm into the third canister-shaped roller. Then, add grinding fluid to cover the surface of the grinding balls. Next, add zirconia powder with a particle size of 15,000 mesh. The weight ratio of the zirconia powder to the No. 12 alumina grinding balls is 1:200. Finally, remove the structural ceramic from the second canister-shaped roller and place it into the third canister-shaped roller. Rotate the third canister-shaped roller to finely polish the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0056] Step 4: First, place No. 10 alumina grinding balls with a particle size of 10mm into the fourth canister-shaped roller. Then, add grinding fluid to cover the grinding ball surface. Next, add zirconia powder with a particle size of 15,000 mesh. The weight ratio of zirconia powder to No. 10 alumina grinding balls is 1:200. Finally, remove the structural ceramic from the third canister-shaped roller and place it into the fourth canister-shaped roller. Rotate the fourth canister-shaped roller to perform fine polishing on the structural ceramic for 15 minutes.

[0057] Step 5: Fix the polished structural ceramic onto the grinding jig with wax. Use sandpaper with a weight of 30kg and continuously drip silica polishing slurry at a speed of 40 rpm for coarse polishing. Then use wool abrasive with a weight of 25kg and continuously drip silica polishing slurry at a speed of 40 rpm for fine polishing.

[0058] Step 6: Use an ultrasonic cleaner to remove the wax adhering to the surface of the structural ceramic, and then wipe it with alcohol to obtain the polished structural ceramic.

[0059] Compared to Comparative Example 1, Example 1 repeatedly uses multiple alumina grinding balls of different particle sizes to polish the structural ceramics multiple times, reducing costs. The reduced particle size of the alumina grinding balls precisely meets the requirements for finer polishing. Therefore, this invention precisely proportions the alumina grinding balls of different particle sizes in each polishing stage, performing coarse, medium, fine, and high-precision polishing on the structural ceramics. This results in a better polishing effect than Comparative Example 1, which uses a single-particle-size alumina grinding ball for only one polishing stage. Furthermore, in Comparative Example 1, which uses a single-particle-size alumina grinding ball, the particle size of the alumina grinding ball decreases after polishing for a period of time, leading to a decline in polishing effect. The polishing effect is not as good as that of Example 1. Moreover, the alumina grinding balls polished in Comparative Example 1 are discarded due to the decline in polishing effect, resulting in material waste and being less environmentally friendly.

[0060] Compared to Comparative Example 2, although Comparative Example 2 also performed coarse, medium, fine, and high-precision polishing on structural ceramics, it used only alumina grinding balls of a single particle size in each polishing stage. After polishing for a period of time, the particle size of the alumina grinding balls would decrease, the polishing effect would decline, and the used alumina grinding balls would be discarded. New alumina grinding balls had to be used for each polishing stage, which was too costly. In Example 1, alumina grinding balls of different particle sizes were used for each polishing stage, and the different particle sizes of alumina grinding balls were proportioned according to the needs of each polishing stage. Even if the particle size of the alumina grinding balls decreased after polishing for a certain period of time, the polishing effect would not decline. The alumina grinding balls with smaller particle sizes could just meet the polishing needs of the next stage, and alumina could be reused. While maintaining the polishing effect, the material cost was greatly reduced.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the design of this case. All equivalent changes made based on the key design features of this case shall fall within the protection scope of this case.

Claims

1. A method of polishing a structural ceramic, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: first, 20# alumina grinding balls, 15# alumina grinding balls, 12# alumina grinding balls, 10# alumina grinding balls and 8# alumina grinding balls are mixed in a weight ratio of 1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:0.7-0.8 and are placed in a first tank-shaped roller; then, a grinding liquid is added to cover the surface of the grinding balls, diamond powder is added, and finally, structural ceramics are placed in the first tank-shaped roller, and the first tank-shaped roller is rotated to coarsely polish the structural ceramics; Step 2: the first tank-shaped roller after coarse polishing is filtered, the structural ceramics are taken out, and 15# alumina grinding balls, 12# alumina grinding balls, 10# alumina grinding balls, 8# alumina grinding balls and 6# alumina grinding balls with a weight ratio of 1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1 are filtered out, the particle sizes of the alumina grinding balls correspondingly decrease, 20# alumina grinding balls are added for mixing, and the second tank-shaped roller is placed, so that the weight ratio of the 20# alumina grinding balls, the 15# alumina grinding balls, the 12# alumina grinding balls, the 10# alumina grinding balls, the 8# alumina grinding balls and the 6# alumina grinding balls in the second tank-shaped roller is 0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1; then, a grinding liquid is added to cover the surface of the grinding balls, diamond powder is added, and finally, the structural ceramics after coarse polishing are placed in the second tank-shaped roller, and the second tank-shaped roller is rotated to polish the structural ceramics; Step 3: the second tank-shaped roller after medium polishing is filtered, the structural ceramics are taken out, and 15# alumina grinding balls, 12# alumina grinding balls, 10# alumina grinding balls, 8# alumina grinding balls, 6# alumina and 5# alumina grinding balls with a weight ratio of 0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:1.1-1.3:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6 are filtered out, and all the filtered alumina grinding balls are placed in a third tank-shaped roller; then, a grinding liquid is added to cover the surface of the grinding balls, zirconia powder is added, and finally, the structural ceramics after medium polishing are placed in the third tank-shaped roller, and the third tank-shaped roller is rotated to finely polish the structural ceramics. Step 4: the third tank roller is filtered, the structural ceramics are taken out, and the 12th, 10th, 8th, 6th, 5th and 3rd alumina balls are filtered out in a weight ratio of 0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6, then the 15th alumina ball is added for mixing, and the structural ceramics are placed in the fourth tank roller, so that the weight ratio of the 15th, 12th, 10th, 8th, 6th, 5th and 3rd alumina balls in the fourth tank roller is 0.7-0.8:0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:0.9-1.1:0.9-1.1:1.4-1.6:1.4-1.6; then the grinding liquid is added, the grinding liquid is leveled with the surface of the ball, then the zirconia powder is added, and finally the fine-polished structural ceramics are placed in the fourth tank roller, and the fourth tank roller is rotated to polish the structural ceramics; Step 5: the fine-polished structural ceramics are fixed on the grinding jig plate with wax, the silica grinding liquid is continuously dropped, and the coarse, medium and fine polishing are carried out in sequence; Step 6: the wax attached to the surface of the structural ceramics is washed with an ultrasonic cleaner, and then the structural ceramics are obtained after being cleaned with alcohol.

2. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size ratio of the 20th, 15th, 12th, 10th, 8th, 6th, 5th and 3rd alumina balls is 20:15:12:10:8:6:5:

3.

3. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the 20th, 15th, 12th, 10th, 8th, 6th, 5th and 3rd alumina balls is 20mm, 15mm, 12mm, 10mm, 8mm, 6mm, 5mm and 3mm in sequence.

4. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: The particle size of the diamond powder added in step 1 is 140-160 mesh, and the weight ratio of the diamond powder to the alumina ball with the largest particle size is 0.9-1.1:3000-3600; the particle size of the corundum added in step 2 is 140-160 mesh, and the weight ratio of the corundum to the alumina ball with the largest particle size is 0.9-1.1:600-730; the particle size of the zirconia powder added in steps 3 and 4 is 1400-1600 mesh, and the weight ratio of the zirconia powder to the alumina ball with the largest particle size is 0.9-1.1:180-220.

5. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 1, wherein: In step 5, after the fine polished structure ceramic is fixed on the polishing fixture with wax, coarse abrasive is used, the pressure is 28-32kg, the speed is 35-45rpm, the silica polishing liquid is continuously dripped, and coarse polishing is carried out; then medium abrasive is used, the pressure is 28-32kg, the speed is 35-45rpm, the silica polishing liquid is continuously dripped, and medium polishing is carried out; finally wool abrasive is used, the pressure is 23-27kg, the speed is 35-45rpm, the silica polishing liquid is continuously dripped, and fine polishing is carried out.

6. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 5, wherein: The silica polishing liquid for coarse polishing is: silica and pure water are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base polishing liquid, then 850μm aluminum powder is added in a ratio of 3g / kg of the polishing liquid, 850μm diamond powder is added in a ratio of 5g / kg of the polishing liquid, and finally the mixer is used for sufficient and uniform stirring, and the polishing liquid is used for the polishing machine.

7. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 5 wherein: The silica polishing liquid for medium polishing is: silica and pure water are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base polishing liquid, then 6000μm aluminum powder is added in a ratio of 3g / kg of the polishing liquid, 6000μm diamond powder is added in a ratio of 5g / kg of the polishing liquid, and finally the mixer is used for sufficient and uniform stirring, and the polishing liquid is used for the polishing machine.

8. A method of polishing a structural ceramic according to claim 5, wherein: The silica polishing liquid for fine polishing is: silica and pure water are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:200 as the base polishing liquid, then 12000μm aluminum powder is added in a ratio of 3g / kg of the polishing liquid, and finally the mixer is used for sufficient and uniform stirring, and the polishing liquid is used for the polishing machine.

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