Vehicle collision energy absorbing device and vehicle

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and discloses a vehicle collision energy absorption device and a vehicle, including a base plate and a fixed plate and an anti-collision plate fixed on the base plate mounting surface and arranged relatively to each other; a first energy absorption component that absorbs energy along a first direction; the first direction is the direction of the anti-collision plate toward the fixed plate; a second energy absorption component that is arranged between the fixed plate and the anti-collision plate and absorbs energy by converting the collision energy in the first direction into a force perpendicular to the first direction; the present application can absorb the energy of the anti-collision plate for the first time through the first energy absorption component, and then the collision force received by the anti-collision plate can be reduced again through the second energy absorption component, thereby achieving the effect of absorbing the energy generated during the vehicle collision multiple times and reducing the loss of the vehicle after the collision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a vehicle collision energy absorption device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As the number of household vehicles increases exponentially, the probability of vehicle collisions on the road is also increasing. In order to minimize the impact of vehicle collisions on drivers and passengers, it is necessary to install a vehicle collision energy absorption device inside the vehicle to reduce the energy generated during a vehicle collision.

[0003] Existing vehicle collision energy absorption devices are usually composed of a fixed plate, an anti-collision plate and a spring structure connected between the fixed plate and the anti-collision plate. When the anti-collision plate receives a collision force, the spring structure can contract to absorb the energy generated by the collision, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the collision force borne by the fixed plate.

[0004] However, the design of the existing structure cannot fully weaken the collision force. The reason is that the energy that the spring structure can absorb is limited, and the number of springs is restricted by the angle at which the springs are set. When the angle between the spring angle and the collision force is too large, more springs cannot be set, resulting in the inability to fully absorb the energy generated by the collision. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle collision energy absorption device and a vehicle, which are used to solve the problem that the energy generated by the collision cannot be fully absorbed in the prior art.

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle collision energy absorbing device, comprising:

[0007] Base plate;

[0008] A fixing plate fixed to the mounting surface of the base plate;

[0009] An anti-collision plate located on the mounting surface of the bottom plate and arranged opposite to the fixing plate;

[0010] A first energy absorbing component is provided on the anti-collision plate, and the first energy absorbing component is used to absorb energy along a first direction; the first direction is the direction of the anti-collision plate toward the fixed plate;

[0011] The second energy absorbing component is arranged between the fixing plate and the anti-collision plate, and is used for converting the collision energy in the first direction into a force perpendicular to the first direction for energy absorption.

[0012] In an optional manner, the second energy absorbing component includes an energy releasing portion connected to the anti-collision plate, and the energy releasing portion and the anti-collision plate can move synchronously along the first direction;

[0013] The second energy absorbing component also includes an energy absorbing part arranged on the fixed plate, which is arranged perpendicular to the movement axis of the energy releasing part and can interfere with the energy releasing part, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the energy releasing part into a force perpendicular to the first direction for energy absorption when the energy absorbing part interferes with the energy releasing part.

[0014] In an optional manner, the energy absorbing part includes:

[0015] A first groove body is provided on a side of the fixing plate facing the anti-collision plate;

[0016] A second tank body is disposed on the inner side wall of the first tank body;

[0017] An interference member and a buffer member are disposed in the second slot body; one end of the buffer member is connected to the bottom of the second slot body, and the other end is connected to the interference member;

[0018] When the energy release portion contacts the interference member, the interference member moves in a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the buffer member, and the buffer member absorbs the power of the interference member.

[0019] In an optional manner, the energy release portion includes:

[0020] A connecting rod perpendicular to the anti-collision plate, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the anti-collision plate, and the other end of the connecting rod extends toward the first slot body;

[0021] The energy release plate is arranged at one end of the connecting rod close to the first groove body and can extend into the first groove body; when the energy release plate is extended into the first groove body driven by the connecting rod, it interferes with the interference part, so that the interference part moves in a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the buffer part, and the buffer part absorbs the power of the interference part.

[0022] In an optional manner, a plurality of second slot bodies are provided in each first slot body, and the plurality of second slot bodies are distributed in a ring array with the central axis of the first slot body as the center.

[0023] In an optional manner, a plurality of first slots are provided on the fixed plate, and the plurality of first slots are distributed in a matrix on the fixed plate.

[0024] In an optional manner, the first energy absorbing component includes an elastic energy absorbing component distributed along a first direction; one end of the elastic energy absorbing component is connected to the anti-collision plate, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate or the fixed plate; the anti-collision plate can move along the first direction, and the kinetic energy of the anti-collision plate moving along the first direction is absorbed by the elastic energy absorbing component.

[0025] In an optional manner, the first energy absorbing component includes a material layer energy absorbing component provided on a side of the anti-collision plate facing away from the fixed plate; the material layer energy absorbing component includes at least one energy absorbing material layer.

[0026] In an optional manner, a top groove extending along a first direction is provided on the bottom plate; the elastic energy absorbing component includes:

[0027] An elastic member is located in the top groove and arranged along the first direction, one end of the elastic member is fixed to the side wall of the top groove, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the anti-collision plate.

[0028] In an optional manner, a plurality of friction plates are fixed to the side of the bottom plate facing away from the fixed plate, one end of the friction plate is connected to the bottom plate, and the other end extends away from the bottom plate; the positions where the plurality of friction plates are connected to the bottom plate are equidistantly distributed.

[0029] Another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention further provides a vehicle, comprising the vehicle collision energy absorbing device of the first aspect.

[0030] In the scheme of the embodiment of the present application, by setting a first energy absorbing component that absorbs energy along a first direction, and a second energy absorbing component that decomposes the direction of the collision energy from the first direction into a direction perpendicular to the first direction and absorbs the collision energy along the first direction perpendicular to the first direction, the first energy absorbing component can first absorb the energy of the anti-collision plate, and then the second energy absorbing component can reduce the collision force on the anti-collision plate again. On the one hand, it can achieve the effect of secondary absorption of the energy generated during the vehicle collision and reduce the loss of the vehicle after the collision. On the other hand, since the collision energy in the present application has different directions, the energy absorption direction is also different, so that the setting position or the internal structure movement direction of the first energy absorbing component and the second energy absorbing component are different, thereby improving the space utilization of the two groups of energy absorbing components, and thus the energy absorption effect can be improved as much as possible within a limited space.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the present invention, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. In addition, the same reference symbols are used to represent the same components throughout the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of an energy absorbing part in a vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention in one embodiment is shown;

[0035] Figure 3A schematic structural diagram of an energy release portion in a vehicle collision energy absorption device provided by the present invention in one embodiment is shown;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the energy absorption process of the second energy absorbing component in the vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention is shown;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the second slot body in the first slot body of the vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention under an embodiment;

[0038] Figure 6 Another perspective view of the vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention is shown;

[0039] Figure 7 A diagram showing the working process of the vehicle collision energy absorption device provided by the present invention in one embodiment.

[0040] In the figure:

[0041] 1-bottom plate, 11-top groove, 12-friction plate, 2-fixed plate, 21-energy absorbing part, 211-first groove body, 212-second groove body, 213-connecting plate, 214-buffer, 215-squeezing ball, 3-anti-collision plate, 31-energy release part, 311-connecting rod, 312-energy release plate, 4-buffer pad, 5-rubber pad, 6-spring pad, 7-elastic rod, 8-elastic part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0043] Before explaining the solution of the present application, it should be noted that the vehicle mentioned in the present application can be considered as all motor vehicles for industrial, agricultural, household and other fields, and also includes collision test devices designed to simulate collision processes.

[0044] In order to solve the deficiencies of existing collision energy absorbing devices in practical applications, the present application provides a vehicle collision energy absorbing device.

[0045] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the vehicle collision energy absorption device provided by the present invention.

[0046] Depend on Figure 1 It can be seen that a vehicle collision energy absorption device provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0047] Bottom plate 1: The bottom plate 1 is used to provide support for other components. During use, the bottom plate 1 can be arranged along a horizontal plane as shown in the accompanying drawings, or can be adaptively fixed to a certain component of the vehicle at a certain angle according to the internal structure of the vehicle, such as vertical placement. The area, thickness and material of the bottom plate 1 are not limited in this embodiment. It should be considered that the structural strength of the bottom plate and the placement and movement range of other components can be met.

[0048] The device of the present application also includes a fixing plate 2 fixed on the mounting surface of the bottom plate 1; in the present embodiment, the fixing plate 2 provides a part of the energy absorption function. In practical applications, the other side of the fixing plate 2 can be connected to other parts of the vehicle body. Due to the partial energy absorption function of the fixing plate 2, the collision energy transmitted from the anti-collision plate 3 to the fixing plate 2 is partially absorbed by the fixing plate 2, thereby minimizing the impact on the vehicle body parts. Among them, the mounting surface is a definition used for convenience of description and should not be used as a limitation on a specific surface. It should be considered that the side of the bottom plate 1 used to install the fixing plate 2 and the anti-collision plate 3 is called the mounting surface.

[0049] The device of the present application also includes an anti-collision plate 3 located on the mounting surface of the base plate 1 and arranged opposite to the fixed plate 2; in the present embodiment, the anti-collision plate 3 is used to bear the collision force, and in actual application, it is usually directly connected to the bumper of the vehicle. When a collision occurs, the anti-collision plate 3 directly bears the collision force (collision energy). If the force is directly transmitted to the fixed plate 2, it will cause greater damage to the vehicle body. Therefore, in the present embodiment, by setting the first energy absorption component and the second energy absorption component, the anti-collision plate 3 absorbs the collision energy in stages during the process of moving toward the fixed plate 2.

[0050] Specifically, by Figure 1 It can be seen that in this embodiment, the first energy absorbing component is a first-level energy absorbing structure, which is arranged on the anti-collision plate 3. Its function is that when the anti-collision plate 3 is just hit, it will move towards the direction of the fixed plate 2 under the action of the collision, or have a tendency to move towards the fixed plate 2. For the convenience of description, the direction of the anti-collision plate 3 toward the fixed plate 2 is defined as the first direction in this application, that is, the first energy absorbing component absorbs energy along the first direction. When the first energy absorbing component just starts to absorb energy, the second energy absorbing component is not working yet, and the energy release part 31 on the anti-collision plate 3 has not yet contacted the energy absorbing part 21 on the fixed plate 2. During the movement, the first energy absorbing component can first absorb the collision energy, so that when the anti-collision plate 3 contacts the parts of the fixed plate 2, a stage of energy absorption process has been carried out.

[0051] As the first stage of energy absorption proceeds, the anti-collision plate 3 continues to move toward the fixed plate 2 until the two are in contact, at which time the second stage of energy absorption begins. The second energy absorption process is completed by the second energy absorption component and the first energy absorption component provided between the fixed plate 2 and the anti-collision plate 3. Figure 1 It can be known that the second energy absorbing component converts the collision energy in the first direction into a force perpendicular to the first direction for energy absorption, and specifically includes an energy absorbing portion 21 arranged on the fixed plate 2, and also includes an energy releasing portion 31 arranged on the anti-collision plate 3 and corresponding to the energy absorbing portion 21. In the initial state where no collision occurs, the energy absorbing portion 21 and the energy releasing portion 31 are arranged at intervals. After the collision occurs, the energy releasing portion 31 and the anti-collision plate 3 can move synchronously along the first direction toward the fixed plate 2, and the energy releasing portion 31 is used to release energy to the energy absorbing portion 21 when it contacts the energy absorbing portion 21.

[0052] In this embodiment, the shape of the energy release part 31 provided on the anti-collision plate 3 matches the shape of the energy absorption part 21. Specifically, the energy release part 31 may be a protruding end. The energy absorption part 21 is provided perpendicular to the movement axis of the energy release part 31 and can interfere with the energy release part 31, and is used to convert the kinetic energy of the energy release part 31 into a force perpendicular to the first direction for energy absorption when the energy absorption part 21 interferes with the energy release part 31. At the same time, since the first energy absorption component is still in the working process during this process, the energy absorption process in the second stage can be regarded as a process in which the two energy absorption components act together.

[0053] It can be seen from the above technical solution that in the solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first energy absorbing component can absorb the energy of the anti-collision plate for the first time, and then the second energy absorbing component can reduce the collision force on the anti-collision plate again, so as to achieve the effect of secondary absorption of the energy generated during the vehicle collision and reduce the loss after the vehicle collision. In addition, in the present application, the positions of the two energy absorption processes are different, the energy absorption directions are also different, and due to the design of the structure, there is no problem of space occupation between the two sets of energy absorbing components, so the energy absorption effect can be improved as much as possible in a limited space.

[0054] Furthermore, since there are various structures for realizing energy absorption, in order to achieve a higher energy absorption effect, in some other embodiments, each component in the present application may be described in detail. Several feasible embodiments are described separately below according to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] See also Figure 2 , is a schematic structural diagram of an energy absorbing part in a vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention under an embodiment;

[0056] See also Figure 3 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the energy release portion of the vehicle collision energy absorption device provided by the present invention under an embodiment.

[0057] Depend on Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that, in a feasible embodiment, the energy absorbing portion 21 includes:

[0058] The first slot body 211 is provided on the side of the fixing plate 2 facing the anti-collision plate 3; wherein the number of the first slot body 211 may be one or more. Figure 2 What is shown in the figure is the case where there are multiple first slot bodies 211. When there are multiple first slot bodies 211, the multiple first slot bodies 211 can be optionally distributed in a matrix on the fixed plate 2. While facilitating processing, the collision energy can be distributed to multiple groups for absorption, thereby increasing the energy absorption structure.

[0059] In this embodiment, the first slot body 211 is a semi-open structure with a certain depth. The depth of the first slot body 211 should be sufficient to accommodate one or more second slot bodies. At the same time, the depth of the first slot body 211 should not be close to the thickness of the fixing plate 2 to prevent the first slot body from being punctured.

[0060] The energy absorbing part 21 further includes a second slot body 212 disposed on the side wall of the first slot body 211 along the extending direction of the first slot body 211; an interference piece and a buffer piece 214 are disposed in the second slot body 212; one end of the buffer piece 214 is connected to the bottom of the second slot body 212, and the other end is connected to the interference piece; when the energy releasing part 31 contacts the interference piece, the interference piece moves in a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the buffer piece 214, and the buffer piece 214 absorbs the power of the interference piece;

[0061] Furthermore, the interference member can be provided in a variety of forms. For example, in a feasible embodiment, at least a portion of the surface of the interference member facing the first groove body 211 is an arc surface, and the energy release portion 31 is used to contact the arc surface of the interference member so that the interference member can move from the inside of the first groove body 211 to the inside of the second groove body 212 along a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the energy release portion 31.

[0062] In some other embodiments, the interference member may also include a connecting plate 213 arranged in the second groove body 212; one side of the connecting plate 213 is connected to one end of the buffer member 214 close to the first groove body 211, and the other side is provided with a squeezing ball 215; specifically, the squeezing ball 215 can be hemispherical to provide the above-mentioned arc surface structure, so that when the squeezing ball 215 contacts the energy release part 31, the contact is point contact, and the direction of force decomposition is toward the direction of the buffer member 214; in the initial state, the squeezing ball 215 is located in the first groove body 211, and after the collision occurs, the energy release part 31 is used to contact the squeezing ball 215, so that the squeezing ball 215 squeezes the buffer member 214 under the abutment of the energy release part 31, and extends into the second groove body 212.

[0063] In this embodiment, when the first slot 211 is in an empty state (i.e., the fixing plate 2 is not in contact with the anti-collision plate 3), due to the length of the buffer 214 and the thickness of the connecting plate 213, the hemispherical part of the squeezing ball 215 will extend from the second slot 212 and enter into the first slot 211. Figure 2 When the space in the first slot 211 is gradually occupied by the energy release portion 31, the squeezing ball 215 is squeezed, which drives the connecting plate 213 and the buffer 214 to move inward, and the squeezing ball 215 is pressed into the second slot 212 along the depth direction of the second slot 212 (as shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown), the buffer member 214 is compressed, thereby further buffering the collision force received by the extrusion ball 215.

[0064] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the energy release unit 31 includes:

[0065] A connecting rod 311 perpendicular to the anti-collision plate 3, one end of the connecting rod 311 is fixedly connected to the anti-collision plate 3, and the other end of the connecting rod 311 extends toward the first slot body 211;

[0066] The energy release plate 312 is arranged at one end of the connecting rod 311 close to the first slot body 211 and can extend into the first slot body 211; the energy release plate 312 is used to interfere with the interference member when it extends into the first slot body 211 driven by the connecting rod 311, so that the interference member moves in a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the buffer member 214, and the buffer member 214 absorbs the power of the interference member.

[0067] The specific shape of the energy release plate 312 should be such that it can be inserted into the first slot 211 and can squeeze the squeezing ball 215 to move inward. Therefore, in different embodiments, the shape of the energy release plate 312 and the first slot 211 can be square, round, etc. Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the energy release plate 312 is a circular plate structure, and the corresponding first slot body 211 is also a circular hole. Compared with other shapes, the energy release plate 312 with a circular plate structure is less likely to get stuck when entering the corresponding first slot body 211. Moreover, when the energy release plate 312 is set as a circular plate, the second slot bodies 212 with multiple angles can be set in the circular hole of the first slot body 211 along the circumferential direction, which is more flexible, while the square first slot body 211 can only be set along the side length direction; at the same time, the connecting rod 311 can also be set as a cylindrical rod, and the connecting rod 311 passes through the center of the energy release plate 312, so as to ensure that the energy release plate 312 can be stably inserted into the first slot body 211.

[0068] Specifically, when the energy release plate 312 is inserted into the first slot 211, the energy absorption process can be Figure 4As shown, when the energy release plate 312 moves toward the fixed plate 2, the collision energy it carries is set to J0, and the direction of J0 is toward the bottom of the first slot 211; when the energy release plate 312 contacts the squeezing ball 215, since the movable direction of the squeezing ball 215 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the energy release plate 312, the squeezing ball 215 will be squeezed into the respective second slots 212 at this time, and then J0 will be absorbed from several directions along the surface direction of the fixed plate 2. Figure 4 FIG. 2 shows the case where four second slots 212 are provided, and the corresponding absorbed energies are in four directions, namely, J1, J2, J3, and J4. It can be seen that the more the number of second slots 212 is designed to be, the more energy is absorbed in the amount and direction, and the energy absorption effect is improved accordingly. At the same time, since the direction of energy absorption is along the direction of the plate surface, that is, the more energy is absorbed, the less the remaining collision energy in the direction of the original J0 is, and the easier it is to reduce the impact of the collision energy on the vehicle.

[0069] It can be seen that in the above embodiment, the number of the second slots 212 can be multiple, for example Figure 2 In the embodiment shown, there are four second slots 212, and accordingly, each second slot 212 is provided with a buffer 214, a connecting plate 213 and a squeezing ball 215; and the four squeezing balls 215 are respectively in four directions: upward, downward, leftward and rightward, representing energy absorption in four directions. In order to ensure the energy absorption effect, the second slots 212 can also be set to a larger number and in more directions, and it is necessary to ensure that the multiple second slots 212 are distributed in a circular array with the central axis of the first slot 211 as the center.

[0070] In addition, the second slot body 212 can be provided in multiple positions not only at the same hole depth position of the first slot body 211, but also at different hole depth positions. For example, Figure 5 In the illustrated embodiment, two groups of second slot bodies are arranged at different positions along the depth direction of the first slot body 211 ; the greater the number of second slot bodies, the higher the energy absorption effect is generally.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, the specific structure of the first energy absorbing component can be various depending on the working principle and the setting position. For example, the first energy absorbing component can be an elastic energy absorbing component that realizes energy absorption through the elastic force of a spring, or it can be a multi-layer energy absorbing component that realizes energy absorption by setting an energy absorbing layer on the impacted surface, or it can be a combination of the above two.

[0072] When the first energy absorbing component includes an elastic energy absorbing component distributed along the first direction; one end of the elastic energy absorbing component is connected to the anti-collision plate 3, and the other end is connected to the bottom plate 1 or the fixed plate 2; the anti-collision plate 3 can move along the first direction, and the kinetic energy of the anti-collision plate 3 moving along the first direction is absorbed by the elastic energy absorbing component.

[0073] For details, see Figure 1 In a feasible embodiment, a top groove 11 extending along a first direction is provided on the bottom plate 1, wherein the shape and the opening position of the top groove 11 are not limited to those shown in the figure, and the top groove 11 may also be provided on both sides of the bottom plate 1, and may also point to the direction of the fixed plate 2 at a certain inclination angle; at the same time, the number of the top grooves 11 may also be multiple; each top groove 11 may be provided with an elastic energy absorbing component; at this time, the elastic energy absorbing component may include:

[0074] An elastic member 8 is located in the top groove 11 and arranged along the first direction, and one end of the elastic member 8 is fixed to the side wall of the top groove 11, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the anti-collision plate 3. It should be noted that the side wall of the top groove 11 is not only the side wall at the end away from the fixed plate as shown in the accompanying drawings, but can also be the side wall at the end close to the fixed plate; in this embodiment, the elastic member 8 is used to provide energy absorption during the movement of the anti-collision plate 3 toward the fixed plate 2.

[0075] It should be noted that the elastic energy absorption component is not limited to the above-mentioned feasible embodiment. In some other embodiments, the elastic member 8 may not be arranged in the top groove 11, but may be arranged between the fixed plate 2 and the anti-collision plate 3, which can also play the same energy absorption role.

[0076] In some other embodiments, the first energy absorbing component further includes collision energy absorbing components distributed along the first direction, for example Figure 1 In the embodiment shown in the figure, the collision energy absorbing component can be an elastic rod 7 located in the extending direction of the elastic member 8, one end of the elastic rod 7 is fixed to the side wall of the top groove 11 close to the fixed plate 2, and the other end extends out of the mounting surface of the bottom plate 1 and is located between the fixed plate 2 and the anti-collision plate 3. When the anti-collision plate 3 approaches the fixed plate 2, the elastic rod 7 first contacts the anti-collision plate 3, thereby absorbing a certain degree of energy. The specific shape and location of the collision energy absorbing component should be considered not limited to Figure 1 It can also be a spring, an elastic curved plate or other forms, as long as it provides the same function as the spring rod 7.

[0077] Depend on Figure 3 As shown, when the first energy absorbing component includes a material layer energy absorbing component arranged on the side of the anti-collision plate 3 away from the fixed plate 2; the material layer energy absorbing component includes at least one layer of energy absorbing material layer; wherein, a possible combination of energy absorbing material layers is: the energy absorbing material layers are sequentially a buffer pad 4, a rubber pad 5 and a spring pad 6 along the direction away from the anti-collision plate 3, the combination of energy absorbing material layers can also be other combinations, and the number of energy absorbing material layers can also be increased according to actual needs, which is not limited here.

[0078] When the first energy absorbing component includes both an elastic energy absorbing component and a multi-layer energy absorbing component, the aforementioned two-stage energy absorption will be further transformed into a three-stage energy absorption, further improving the energy absorption effect. Figure 7 The working process of this embodiment is described as follows:

[0079] The energy absorption process of the first stage (from t0 to t1): wherein t0 is the moment when the collision occurs. At this time, the outermost energy-absorbing material layer of the material layer energy-absorbing assembly has just come into contact with the collision force, and energy absorption has not yet been carried out in the device; after t0, the collision force gradually applies pressure to the material layer energy-absorbing assembly. At this time, before the anti-collision plate 3 moves, the material layer energy-absorbing assembly can first absorb part of the collision force until the moment when the anti-collision plate 3 is about to move (t1).

[0080] The energy absorption process of the second stage (from moment t1 to moment t2): starting from moment t1, the anti-collision plate 3 begins to move toward the fixed plate 2 under the action of the collision force. At this time, since the elastic member 8 in the elastic energy absorption component is stretched, it can absorb part of the collision force. At the same time, since the energy absorption layer of the material layer energy absorption component can continue to be compressed to absorb energy, the second stage is an energy absorption stage in which the elastic energy absorption component and the material layer energy absorption component in the first energy absorption component work together.

[0081] The energy absorption process of the third stage (from moment t2 to moment t3): wherein, moment t2 is the moment when the energy release plate 312 just contacts the squeezing ball 215 but does not exert force on the squeezing ball 215. After the energy absorption of the first two stages, the collision force has been partially weakened, and the final energy absorption process is then carried out through the second energy absorption component. As the energy release plate 312 enters the first slot 211 until it is completely located inside the first slot 211, the energy release plate 312 continuously squeezes the squeezing ball 215, and then transfers the collision energy to the buffers 214 in each second slot 212; at the same time, since the energy absorption layer of the multi-layer energy absorption component can continue to be compressed to absorb energy, and the elastic member 8 of the elastic energy absorption component is further stretched, the third stage is an energy absorption stage in which the elastic energy absorption component, the second energy absorption component, and the material layer energy absorption component work together, and the overall energy absorption effect is the highest.

[0082] It should be noted that, for the above-mentioned embodiment which does not include a material layer energy-absorbing component, the energy absorption process should be understood as two stages, namely the second stage (not including the energy-absorbing effect of the material layer energy-absorbing component) and the third stage (not including the effect of the material layer energy-absorbing component). Please refer to the above for details and will not be elaborated here.

[0083] Further, in Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, when the energy absorbing material layer has multiple layers, the cross-sectional areas of the multiple energy absorbing material layers can be made the same, for example, they can be designed into rectangular layers with the same area, which is more conducive to absorbing collision forces from different positions.

[0084] See also Figure 6, is another perspective view of the vehicle collision energy absorbing device provided by the present invention;

[0085] Depend on Figure 6 It can be seen that in some embodiments, in order to increase the stability of the bottom plate 1 and prevent the bottom plate 1 from moving due to collision force, a plurality of friction plates 12 can be arranged on the side of the bottom plate 1 away from the fixed plate 2, one end of the friction plate 12 is connected to the bottom plate 1, and the other end extends away from the bottom plate 1; the positions where the plurality of friction plates 12 are connected to the bottom plate 1 are equidistantly distributed. The extension direction of the friction plate 12 can be set arbitrarily, for example, Figure 5 The two-by-two cross-arranged groups are arranged in an inward or outward eight-character shape, which can increase the friction force of the bottom plate 1 moving to both sides, thereby reducing the tendency of the bottom plate 1 to move to both sides.

[0086] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment, the side of the friction plate 12 away from the bottom plate 1 may be provided with anti-slip grooves to further increase the friction force.

[0087] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present application provides a vehicle collision energy absorption device. When a vehicle collides, a collision force will be generated, and the collision force will push the anti-collision plate. At this time, the collision force can be initially buffered by the spring pad, rubber pad and buffer pad. When the anti-collision plate moves, it can drive the connecting rod and the energy release plate to move, so that the energy release plate and the squeezing ball are offset. When the squeezing ball is squeezed, it will push the squeezing ball, the connecting plate and the buffer to move. Through the elastic force of the buffer and the squeezing ball, the collision force can be buffered again, and the elastic force of the rubber rod can be used to buffer the collision force received by the energy release plate. In addition, when the anti-collision plate moves, the elastic force of the connecting spring and the elastic rod can be used to further weaken the collision force received by the anti-collision plate, thereby absorbing the collision force generated by the collision.

[0088] The present application also provides a vehicle, comprising the vehicle collision energy absorption device in any of the above embodiments; the technical effects in this embodiment can be found in the description of any of the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0089] In the description provided herein, a large number of specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without these specific details. Similarly, in order to simplify the present invention and help understand one or more of the various inventive aspects, in the above description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the various features of the embodiments of the present invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. Wherein, the claims that follow the specific embodiment are hereby expressly incorporated into the specific embodiment, wherein each claim itself is a separate embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate the present invention rather than limit it, and that those skilled in the art may devise alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference symbol between brackets shall not be construed as a limitation on the claims. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "one" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising a number of different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a unit claim enumerating a number of devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third, etc. does not indicate any order. These words may be interpreted as names. The steps in the above embodiments, unless otherwise specified, should not be understood as limitations on the order of execution.

Claims

1. A vehicle collision energy absorption device, characterized in that: include: Bottom plate (1); A fixing plate (2) fixed to the mounting surface of the base plate (1); An anti-collision plate (3) located on the mounting surface of the bottom plate (1) and arranged opposite to the fixing plate (2); a first energy absorbing component provided on the anti-collision plate (3), the first energy absorbing component being used to absorb energy along a first direction; the first direction being the direction of the anti-collision plate (3) towards the fixing plate (2); a second energy absorbing component disposed between the fixing plate (2) and the anti-collision plate (3), the second energy absorbing component being used to convert collision energy in the first direction into a force perpendicular to the first direction for energy absorption; The second energy absorbing component comprises an energy releasing portion (31) connected to the anti-collision plate (3), and the energy releasing portion (31) and the anti-collision plate (3) can move synchronously along the first direction; The second energy absorbing component further comprises an energy absorbing portion (21) arranged on the fixing plate (2), wherein the energy absorbing portion (21) is arranged perpendicular to the movement axis of the energy releasing portion (31) and is capable of interfering with the energy releasing portion (31), and is used for converting the kinetic energy of the energy releasing portion (31) into a force perpendicular to the first direction for energy absorption when the energy absorbing portion (21) interferes with the energy releasing portion (31); The energy absorbing portion (21) comprises: A first groove (211) is provided on a side of the fixing plate (2) facing the anti-collision plate (3); A second groove body (212) is provided on the inner side wall of the first groove body (211); An interference piece and a buffer piece (214) are provided in the second groove body (212); one end of the buffer piece (214) is connected to the bottom of the second groove body (212), and the other end is connected to the interference piece; When the energy release portion (31) contacts the interference member, the interference member moves in a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the buffer member (214), and the buffer member (214) absorbs the power of the interference member; A plurality of the second slot bodies (212) are provided in each of the first slot bodies (211), and the plurality of the second slot bodies (212) are distributed in a ring array with the central axis of the first slot body (211) as the center; The second slot bodies (212) are divided into multiple groups, and the multiple groups of second slot bodies (212) are arranged at different positions along the depth direction of the first slot body (211).

2. The vehicle collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy release portion (31) comprises: A connecting rod (311) perpendicular to the anti-collision plate (3), one end of the connecting rod (311) being fixedly connected to the anti-collision plate (3) and the other end extending toward the first slot body (211); An energy release plate (312) is arranged at one end of the connecting rod (311) close to the first groove body (211) and can extend into the first groove body (211); when the energy release plate (312) is extended into the first groove body (211) driven by the connecting rod (311), it interferes with the interference member, so that the interference member moves in a direction perpendicular to the first direction under the action of the buffer member (214), and the buffer member (214) absorbs the power of the interference member.

3. The vehicle collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate (2) is provided with a plurality of first slot bodies (211), and the plurality of first slot bodies (211) are distributed in a matrix on the fixing plate (2).

4. The vehicle collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first energy absorbing component includes elastic energy absorbing components distributed along the first direction; One end of the elastic energy absorbing component is connected to the anti-collision plate (3), and the other end is connected to the bottom plate (1) or the fixed plate (2); the anti-collision plate (3) can move along the first direction, and the kinetic energy of the anti-collision plate (3) moving along the first direction is absorbed by the elastic energy absorbing component.

5. The vehicle collision energy absorbing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is provided with a top groove (11) extending along the first direction; the elastic energy absorbing component comprises: An elastic member (8) is located in the top groove (11) and arranged along the first direction, wherein one end of the elastic member (8) is fixed to the side wall of the top groove (11) and the other end is connected to the bottom of the anti-collision plate (3).

6. The vehicle collision energy absorbing device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The first energy absorbing component comprises a material layer energy absorbing component provided on a side of the anti-collision plate (3) facing away from the fixed plate (2); the material layer energy absorbing component comprises at least one energy absorbing material layer.

7. The vehicle collision energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: A plurality of friction plates (12) are fixed to a side of the bottom plate (1) facing away from the fixed plate (2); one end of the friction plate (12) is connected to the bottom plate (1), and the other end extends in a direction away from the bottom plate (1); the positions where the plurality of friction plates (12) are connected to the bottom plate (1) are equidistantly distributed.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: A vehicle collision energy absorbing device comprising any one of claims 1-7.

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