A slope protection structure and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a slope protection structure and its construction method, which includes a multi-level stepped slope formed by slope excavation; an integrated skeleton is fixed on each slope of the multi-level stepped slope; the integrated skeleton includes a plurality of vertical monomer structures and inclined monomer structures, and the plurality of vertical monomer structures are arranged at intervals on each slope of the multi-level stepped slope. Each vertical monomer structure includes at least two vertical drain pipes connected up and down by multiple second springs; each inclined monomer structure includes two inclined guide pipes arranged in an inverted V shape. The two inclined guide pipes arranged in an inverted V shape are semi-cylindrical pipes fixed perpendicular to the slope surface and opening upward; each inclined monomer structure is arranged between two adjacent vertical monomer structures and at the connection of two vertically connected vertical drain pipes. Water storage tanks are installed in the concrete shells on both sides of the vertical drain pipes. It takes into account drainage, water replenishment and stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of slope protection, and relates to a slope protection structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the process of building a slope, due to a large amount of precipitation or poor slope drainage, surface water accumulates on the slope surface, slope toe and other places and seeps into the underground layer of the slope, seriously affecting the slope stability. The instability of highway slopes will cause a series of disasters such as landslides and collapses. In recent years, the construction of highway projects has gradually increased, and there are more and more soft rock slopes that need to be excavated and filled. Soft rock is extremely easy to disintegrate when encountering water, and there are significant disintegration, swelling and cracking phenomena after humid heat action. Therefore, realizing stable drainage of the slope is particularly important for ensuring the slope stability.

[0003] Common slope surface protection forms can be divided into two categories: engineering protection and ecological slope protection. Among them, traditional slope protection is mostly engineering protection, mainly including masonry slope protection, retaining wall, shotcrete, shotcrete, lattice beam, etc. Ecological slope protection is a vegetation slope protection technology, which reinforces and stabilizes the slope surface in a way closer to nature. In general projects, retaining walls are built to cover the cut and fill slopes of various soft rock formations and relatively fractured rocks and to protect them from the influence of atmospheric factors. Retaining walls are mostly used in easily weathered mica schist, chlorite schist, argillaceous shale, phyllite and other severely weathered soft rock formations and relatively fractured rock sections. The forms of retaining walls include solid retaining walls, windowed retaining walls, arched retaining walls and ribbed retaining walls, etc. Such protection structures are generally formed by pouring ordinary concrete into grooves pre-opened on the slope surface. However, after being washed by rainwater, the soil at the lower part of this kind of protection structure is easily washed away by the water flow and continuously lost. As time goes by, the soil at the lower part of the structure is hollowed out, and the generated space makes the concrete skeleton unable to adhere tightly to the slope surface, resulting in the structure being suspended and stress concentration occurring. Under the conditions of falling rocks and the self-weight of the structure, uneven settlement, cracking and even breaking of the concrete skeleton will occur. Once these concrete skeletons appear cracked and broken and are not repaired in time, the rainwater converging from the upper slope surface will flow into the slope interior from the cracks and damaged surfaces, resulting in the loss of the drainage function of the skeleton structure, aggravating the erosion of the slope surface by rainwater and the erosion inside the slope, and ultimately endangering the stability of the roadbed slope and the safety of road surface driving. Using green plants for planting has a good effect on maintaining slope stability. However, in many areas, the rainfall is unstable. In the dry season with less rain, slope plants often wither and die due to lack of water, or the plants cannot achieve good slope protection effects due to lack of water, and it is easy to cause uneven growth density of slope plants due to uneven irrigation, affecting the beauty of the slope and not achieving the best slope protection effect.

[0004] A large number of engineering practices have proven that groundwater poses a great threat to the stability of slopes. For slopes with rich groundwater content, burying drain pipes inside the slope has a wide range of applications in draining groundwater in a timely and rapid manner, and can effectively improve the stability of the slope. However, after entering the operation period, the drainage function of the drain pipes will gradually weaken or even fail, which cannot guarantee the long-term effect of slope treatment projects and endangers the slope stability. Among them, the blockage problem of the drain pipes is the direct inducement for the weakened drainage effect of the drain pipes. Since the drain pipes inside the slope are buried inside the slope, sediment is always carried during drainage, and the sediment easily causes blockage of the drain pipes inside the slope and affects the normal drainage function. Currently, in engineering, the blockage problem of the drain pipes is mostly handled by manually dredging the drain pipes, replacing the drain pipes, or installing complex blockage cleaning mechanisms in the drain pipes. Using the method of manually dredging the drain pipes, due to the large length, high height of the slope, and numerous drain pipes, the cleaning cost is expensive, the efficiency is low, and it is time-consuming and laborious. Moreover, when the buried depth of the drain pipes is relatively deep, good cleaning and dredging effects cannot be achieved inside. Using the method of replacing the drain pipes causes a large disturbance to the slope and a large amount of engineering work. If replaced frequently, the later maintenance cost of the slope will increase significantly, and it is not conducive to the slope stability. Using the method of installing complex blockage cleaning mechanisms in the drain pipes, due to the pressure of the slope soil, the influence of the slurry during the grouting fixation of the drain pipes, and the problems that the mechanism is easily aged and damaged after being buried in the soil for a long time, the method of using the blockage cleaning mechanism cannot achieve good dredging effects. And if all the drain pipes are replaced with drain pipes with complex mechanisms, not only can they not be mass-produced, but the production cost will also increase exponentially. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a slope protection structure and its construction method to solve the problems that existing soft rock slopes are easily washed by rainwater, resulting in soil erosion, causing stress concentration in the concrete protection skeleton and leading to the destruction of the skeleton, thereby affecting the stability of the slope, the problem that the existing ecological slope protection structure has poor protection effect due to water shortage or uneven irrigation, and the problem that the drain pipes buried in the slope surface are easily blocked, resulting in high maintenance costs.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the embodiments of the present invention is: A slope protection structure, including:

[0007] Multi-level stepped slopes, formed by excavating the slope surface;

[0008] Integrated skeletons, fixed on each slope of the multi-level stepped slopes;

[0009] The integrated skeletons include multiple vertical monomer structures and inclined monomer structures, where:

[0010] Multiple vertical single structures are arranged at intervals on each level of a multi-level stepped slope. Each vertical single structure includes at least two vertical drain pipes connected up and down by multiple second springs;

[0011] Each inclined single structure includes two inclined guide drain pipes arranged in a V-shape. The two inclined guide drain pipes arranged in a V-shape are semi-cylindrical pipes that are vertically fixed to the slope surface and have openings facing upward;

[0012] Each inclined single structure is arranged between two adjacent vertical single structures and at the connection of two vertically connected vertical drain pipes. The bottom end of each inclined guide drain pipe of each inclined single structure is close to the ends of the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes corresponding to it. An expansion joint is arranged between each inclined guide drain pipe and the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes corresponding to it.

[0013] Further, the vertical drain pipe is a concrete structure with a concave cross-section. There is a drainage channel in the middle, and on both sides of the drainage channel are concrete shells with hollow interiors;

[0014] A water storage tank is installed inside the concrete shell.

[0015] Further, slow-rebound third springs are arranged at the bottom end inside the concrete shell, and the water storage tank is placed on the third springs;

[0016] A water diversion pipe is arranged on one side of the concrete shell close to the drainage channel, a first drainage hole is arranged on the side of the concrete shell far from the drainage channel, a second drainage hole is arranged on the side of the water storage tank far from the drainage channel, and both the side of the water storage tank close to the drainage channel and the side where the second drainage hole is arranged are in contact with the inner wall of the concrete shell;

[0017] When the water volume in the water storage tank is insufficient, the water outlet end of the water diversion pipe is correspondingly connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank, and the second drainage hole on the water storage tank is staggered from the first drainage hole on the concrete shell; after the water storage volume in the water storage tank reaches the standard amount, the water storage tank moves downward and compresses the third springs. After the water storage tank stops moving, the water outlet end of the water diversion pipe is staggered from the water inlet of the water storage tank, and the second drainage hole of the water storage tank coincides with the first drainage hole on the concrete shell.

[0018] Further, a rain automatic disconnection interface is arranged outside the first drainage hole of the concrete shell. During rain, the first drainage hole of the concrete shell is closed through the rain automatic disconnection interface, and during drought, the first drainage hole of the concrete shell is opened through the rain automatic disconnection interface to drain and irrigate the slope.

[0019] Further, the rain automatic disconnection interface includes:

[0020] A water guide box, the water guide box is sealed and fixed on the outside of each first drainage hole of the concrete shell, and the side of the water guide box close to the concrete shell is connected with the first drainage hole of the concrete shell, and the side of the water guide box away from the concrete shell is connected with the transverse drainage pipe;

[0021] A water holding box, the water holding box is arranged in the water guiding box and connected with the water guiding box by sliding up and down, the water holding box can move up and down and the top of the water holding box extends out of / enters the water guiding box; the water holding box is connected to the inner bottom of the water guiding box through a fourth spring at the bottom, a water inlet is arranged on the top of the water holding box / is directly open, and the side of the water holding box close to the concrete shell is attached to the concrete shell, the position of the water holding box is automatically controlled by the amount of water in the water holding box and the fourth spring, and the opening and closing of the first drainage hole of the concrete shell are automatically controlled by the position of the water holding box;

[0022] When it rains, the water in the water storage box will move down into the water guide box to block the first drainage hole of the concrete shell after reaching the water volume;

[0023] During drought, when the water in the water box evaporates and the water volume is insufficient, the water box moves upward under the action of the fourth spring to open the first drainage hole of the concrete shell.

[0024] Furthermore, a strip-shaped water inlet is provided on one side of the upper portion of the water storage tank close to the water diversion pipe, and the water outlet of the water diversion pipe is connected to the strip-shaped water inlet correspondingly.

[0025] Furthermore, each vertical monomer structure on each level of the slope includes two vertical drainage pipes connected up and down, wherein:

[0026] The bottom surface of the drainage channel of the upper vertical drainage pipe gradually decreases in thickness from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the drainage channel of the lower vertical drainage pipe gradually increases in thickness from top to bottom, so that the bottom surfaces of the drainage channels of the two vertical drainage pipes connected up and down are inclined in the direction of the second spring;

[0027] The top ends of the two oblique water guide pipes arranged in an eight-shaped shape in each oblique monomer structure are connected together through a first spring.

[0028] Furthermore, the slope protection structure further comprises a multi-outlet drainage pipe, one end of which is buried inside the slope surface of the multi-step stepped slope, and one end of the multi-outlet drainage pipe buried inside the slope is provided with at least two drainage outlets, at least one of which is sealed by a degradable material structure;

[0029] A vegetation soil layer is arranged on the multi-level stepped slope at a position avoiding the integrated frame and the multiple drainage pipes.

[0030] Another technical solution adopted by the embodiment of the present invention is: a construction method of a slope protection structure, which is carried out according to the following steps:

[0031] Step S1: Loft and determine the center line. According to the design requirements, first loft the top and bottom slopes, determine the construction positions of the top slope intercepting ditch and the bottom slope drainage ditch, and clean the trees, weeds, and surface soil and boulders within the excavation line.

[0032] Step S2: Excavate multi-level stepped slopes from the top slope according to the lofting and positioning conditions.

[0033] Step S3: Along the lofting and positioning points of the integrated skeleton, excavate the grooves of the integrated skeleton on the slope surface of each level and then level it.

[0034] Step S4: Excavate the top slope intercepting ditch and the bottom slope drainage ditch, and set corresponding drainage and seepage isolation facilities in the top slope intercepting ditch and the bottom slope drainage ditch.

[0035] Step S5: Drill holes on the surface of the slope body and lay multiple internal slope drain pipes.

[0036] Step S6: Lay the integrated skeleton and the rain-automatic disconnection interface on the slope surface.

[0037] Step S7: Weld multiple second springs at the reinforcing bars extending from the two vertically connected drain pipes, weld the first springs at the reinforcing bars extending from the tops of the two diagonal guide pipes of each diagonal monomer structure, and install the water storage tank from the top of the concrete shell of the vertical drain pipe.

[0038] Step S8: After the natural curing of the integrated skeleton of the multi-level stepped slope is completed, wire mesh is hung on each level of the slope. The wire mesh is unrolled in a way from top to bottom and from left to right.

[0039] Step S9: Mix the treated plant seeds with fiber tissue, gelling agent, water-retaining agent, nutrient fertilizer, and slurry evenly, and then spray the mixture evenly inside the integrated skeleton for slope protection and at the platforms of each level of the slope to form a vegetation soil layer.

[0040] Further, when laying the integrated skeleton on the slope surface in Step S6, vertical drain pipes and diagonal guide pipes are formed by on-site casting.

[0041] During on-site casting, segmented partitions are set at the junctions of the two vertically connected drain pipes and the diagonal guide pipes on their left and right, and the segmented partitions are removed before the concrete initial setting to form expansion joints.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are:

[0043] 1. Build the slope into a multi - level stepped form similar to steps and equip it with a series of drainage and water storage systems. These systems cooperate with each other to work together. Coupled with the significant anti - erosion ability of the stepped slope, taking into account drainage, water replenishment and stability, it reduces the scouring effect of rainwater on the slope, extends the service life of the slope protection structure, especially the integrated skeleton, and solves the problem that the existing soft rock slope is easily scoured by rainwater, leading to soil erosion, causing stress concentration in the concrete protection skeleton and resulting in the destruction of the skeleton, thus affecting the stability of the slope.

[0044] 2. The water storage tank in the integrated skeleton automatically stores water during rainfall and automatically irrigates plants during drought. The irrigation is more uniform, keeping the plant growth density on the slope consistent, ensuring the unified growth of the overall vegetation on the slope, improving the slope greening effect, greatly enhancing the stability of the slope, and solving the problem that the existing ecological slope protection structure has poor protection effect due to water shortage or uneven irrigation.

[0045] 3. Use multi - orifice slope - internal drain pipes for internal drainage of the slope. When the main drainage outlet is blocked, the degradable material of the secondary drainage outlet is completely degraded, and the main drainage outlet and the secondary drainage outlet are used for drainage simultaneously. The process of switching drainage outlets does not require manual intervention throughout, effectively extending the service life of the drain pipes. The drain pipes have higher utilization efficiency, better drainage effect, and low construction and maintenance costs, solving the problem that the drain pipes buried in the slope surface are easily silted up, resulting in high maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following - described drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the multi - level stepped slope in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the integrated skeleton in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical single - body structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the multi - orifice drain pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical drain pipe in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6It is a schematic structural diagram when the drainage holes of the vertical drain pipe in the embodiment of the present invention are staggered.

[0053] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram when the drainage of the vertical drain pipe in the embodiment of the present invention overlaps.

[0054] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the first state of the rain automatic disconnection interface in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the second state of the rain automatic disconnection interface in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] In the figure, 1. multi-level stepped slope, 2. horizontal drain pipe, 3. multi-port drain pipe, 4. degradable material structure, 5. inclined guide drain pipe, 6. first spring, 7. vertical drain pipe, 7-1. drainage channel, 7-2. concrete shell, 8. second spring, 9. water storage tank, 10. third spring, 11. water diversion pipe, 12. first drainage hole, 13. top slope intercepting ditch, 14. bottom slope drainage ditch, 15. platform drainage ditch, 16. rain automatic disconnection interface, 17. water guide box, 18. water receiving box, 19. second drainage hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] The embodiment of the present invention provides a slope protection structure, including:

[0060] A multi-level stepped slope 1, which is formed by slope excavation, as Figure 1 shown;

[0061] An integrated framework, which is fixed on each slope of the multi-level stepped slope 1;

[0062] The integrated framework includes a plurality of vertical monomer structures and inclined monomer structures, wherein:

[0063] As Figure 2 shown, each vertical monomer structure includes at least two vertical drain pipes 7 connected up and down by multiple second springs 8;

[0064] Each diagonal monomer structure includes two diagonal water conduits 5 arranged in a V shape. The two diagonal water conduits 5 arranged in a V shape are semi-cylindrical pipes that are vertically fixed to the slope surface with the openings facing upward, ensuring that the runoff water on the slope surface can directly enter the diagonal water conduits 5 of the diagonal monomer structure and flow out from the adjacent vertical drain pipes 7;

[0065] Multiple vertical monomer structures are arranged at intervals on each slope of the multi-level stepped slope 1. On each slope, the first vertical monomer structure is arranged at the leftmost side of the slope, and the last vertical monomer structure is arranged at the rightmost side of the slope;

[0066] Each diagonal monomer structure is arranged between two adjacent vertical monomer structures and at the connection of two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7. The bottom end of each diagonal water conduit 5 of each diagonal monomer structure is close to the ends of the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7 corresponding to it, reserving space for the thermal expansion and contraction of the diagonal water conduit 5 and the vertical drain pipe 7. A expansion joint is arranged between the bottom end of each diagonal water conduit 5 and the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7 adjacent to it, ensuring that the two diagonal water conduits 5 of the diagonal monomer structure drain the rainfall on the slope surface into the corresponding vertical drain pipes 7, and at the same time protecting the connection of the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7 to prevent the water in the upper vertical drain pipe 7 from overflowing from the connection, ensuring that the water discharged from the upper vertical drain pipe 7 is discharged from the lower vertical drain pipe 7 as much as possible.

[0067] The length of the integrated framework is greatly reduced compared with that of the general slope framework. Due to the connection of the first spring 6 and the second spring 8, when the soil at the lower part of the integrated framework is washed away, the lower part of the integrated framework is suspended, and then the second spring 8 will be bent under the self-weight of the vertical drain pipe 7, making the integrated framework fit the slope surface again, protecting the integrated framework from stress concentration and breakage, which may cause further damage and instability of the slope, ensuring a certain degree of slope protection and drainage effect. After artificial repair of the damaged slope, the integrated framework can be used continuously without spending a large amount of time and cost to remake the integrated framework.

[0068] In some embodiments, except for the first-level slope at the bottom of the slope, a flat drainage ditch 15 is dug on the bottom platform of each slope. The bottom of the integrated framework, that is, the vertical monomer structure, on each slope is communicated with the corresponding flat drainage ditch 15, and the discharged water is discharged through the flat drainage ditch 15, as Figure 1 shown.

[0069] In some embodiments, the tops of the two diagonal water conduits 5 arranged in a V shape of each diagonal monomer structure are connected together by a first spring 6.

[0070] In some embodiments, as Figure 2As shown, the two inclined water conduits 5 of each inclined monomer structure are arranged in a figure-eight shape on the slope surface at an inclination angle of 5-10°.

[0071] In some embodiments, steel bars protrude from the connection end of the vertical drain pipe 7, and the second spring 8 is welded to the protruding steel bars at the connection end of the vertical drain pipe 7, as Figure 3 shown; steel bars protrude from the top end of the inclined water conduit 5, and both ends of the first spring 6 are welded to the protruding steel bars of the corresponding inclined water conduit 5.

[0072] In some embodiments, the slope ratio of each slope of the multi-level stepped slope 1 gradually decreases or remains unchanged from top to bottom.

[0073] In some embodiments, the height of each slope of the multi-level stepped slope 1 is 1.5-2.5 m, the slope ratio is 1:0.75-1:1.5, and the width of the platform at the bottom of each slope is 0.75-1.5 m, effectively reducing the scouring effect of rainwater on the slope.

[0074] In this embodiment, the overall slope surface is set as a multi-level stepped slope 1 similar to a stepped structure, avoiding landslides caused by the long-term exposure or excessive height of the slope, facilitating construction, saving construction costs, effectively avoiding long-distance material transfer in the height direction, strictly controlling the slope ratio, slowing down the scouring force of the water flow at the bottom of the slope and improving the stability of the slope.

[0075] In some embodiments, steel bars protrude from both ends of the first spring 6 and the second spring 8 to form a spring-steel bar integrated structure, which is convenient for welding with the protruding steel bars on the inclined water conduit 5 and the vertical drain pipe 7.

[0076] In some embodiments, the protruding steel bars of the inclined water conduit 5, the vertical drain pipe 7, the first spring 6 and the second spring 8, as well as the first spring 6 and the second spring 8 are all subjected to anti-rust treatment. After the anti-rust treatment, the spring has high hardness, good toughness, resistance to bending and impact, is hard but not brittle, and has good resistance to water, acids, alkalis and many organic solvents, which can effectively prevent the rust problem of the integrated skeleton caused by the continuous scouring of rainwater during use and improve the bendability of the spring connection.

[0077] In some embodiments, the vertical drain pipe 7 is a concrete structure with a concave cross-section. The middle is a drainage channel 7-1, and both sides of the drainage channel 7-1 are concrete shells 7-2 with a hollow interior, as Figure 3 shown, and a water storage tank 9 is installed in the concrete shell 7-2 to store enough water.

[0078] In some embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, each vertical monomer structure on each slope level includes two vertical drain pipes 7 connected up and down. Among them, the bottom surface of the drainage channel 7-1 of the upper vertical drain pipe 7 gradually decreases in thickness from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the drainage channel 7-1 of the lower vertical drain pipe 7 gradually increases in thickness from top to bottom. Thus, the bottom surfaces of the drainage channels 7-1 of the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7 are inclined towards the second spring 8, enabling water to better enter the lower vertical drain pipe 7 from the upper vertical drain pipe 7 at the connection of the second spring 8, preventing water from overflowing from the drainage channel of the vertical drain pipe 7, ensuring the drainage effect, and facilitating the stable and smooth drainage of the entire slope surface.

[0079] In some embodiments, as Figures 5 - 7 shown, slower-rebound third springs 10 are arranged at the inner bottom ends of the concrete shells 7-2 on both sides of the vertical drain pipe 7, and the water storage tank 9 is placed on the third springs 10. A water diversion pipe 11 is arranged on one side of the concrete shell 7-2 close to the drainage channel 7-1; a first drainage hole 12 is provided on the side of the concrete shell 7-2 away from the drainage channel 7-1, and a second drainage hole 19 is provided on the side of the water storage tank 9 away from the drainage channel 7-1. Both the side of the water storage tank 9 close to the drainage channel 7-1 and the side where the second drainage hole 19 is provided are in contact with the inner wall of the concrete shell 7-2; when the water volume in the water storage tank 9 is insufficient, the water outlet end of the water diversion pipe 11 corresponds to and is connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank 9, and the second drainage hole 19 on the water storage tank 9 is staggered from the second drainage hole 12 on the concrete shell 7-2, so that the water storage tank 9 and the concrete shell 7-2 form a water storage structure that cannot drain water; after the water storage volume in the water storage tank 9 reaches the standard volume, the water storage tank 9 moves downward and compresses the third springs 10. After the water storage tank 9 stops moving, the water outlet end of the water diversion pipe 11 is staggered from the water inlet of the water storage tank 9, and the water storage tank 9 no longer stores water. At this time, the second drainage hole 19 of the water storage tank 9 coincides with the first drainage hole 12 on the concrete shell 7-2. When the first drainage hole 12 on the concrete shell 7-2 is opened, water can be drained outwards; due to the slow-rebound property of the third springs 10, only after the water in the water storage tank 9 is completely drained will the third springs 10 push the water storage tank 9 upwards, and the water storage tank 9 is staggered from the first drainage hole 12 on the concrete shell 7-2 again for water storage.

[0080] In some embodiments, a rain automatic disconnection interface 16 is provided outside the first drainage hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2, and water can be drained outwards under the condition that the rain automatic disconnection interface is connected. The rain automatic disconnection interface 16 includes:

[0081] A water guide box 17, which is hermetically fixed outside each first drainage hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2, and the side of the water guide box 17 close to the concrete shell 7-2 is communicated with the first drainage hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2, and the side of the water guide box 17 away from the concrete shell 7-2 is communicated with the horizontal drain pipe 2;

[0082] A water receiving box 18 is arranged in the water guiding box 17 and is slidably connected to the water guiding box 17 up and down. The water receiving box 18 can move up and down, and its top extends into / enters the water guiding box 17. The water receiving box 18 is connected to the inner bottom of the water guiding box 17 through a fourth spring at the bottom. The top of the water receiving box 18 is provided with a water inlet / opened directly, and the side of the water receiving box 18 close to the concrete shell 7-2 fits against the concrete shell 7-2. The position of the water receiving box 18 is automatically controlled by the water volume in the water receiving box 18 and the fourth spring, and the opening and closing of the first drain hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2 are automatically controlled by the position of the water receiving box 18.

[0083] During rainfall, after the water volume in the water receiving box 18 reaches a certain level, it will move down into the water guiding box 17 to block the first drain hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2, as Figure 8 shown, to prevent the water in the water storage tank 9 from draining out through the first drain hole 12 after it moves into place.

[0084] During the dry period, when the water in the water receiving box 18 is evaporated and the water volume is insufficient, the water receiving box 18 moves up under the action of the fourth spring, opening the first drain hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2. The water storage tank 9 drains water through the first drain hole 12, the water guiding box 17, and the horizontal drain pipe 2 to irrigate the slope, as Figure 9 shown.

[0085] In some embodiments, the bottom of the horizontal drain pipe 2 is provided with evenly distributed third drain holes. The water guiding box 17 sprinkles water evenly on the plants at the slope through the horizontal drain pipe 2 to complete the plant irrigation work. At this time, the first drain holes 12 on the concrete shells 7-2 of the vertical drain pipes 7 of two adjacent vertical monomer structures are connected through a horizontal drain pipe 2 correspondingly.

[0086] In some embodiments, the water inlet pipe 11 is a semi-cylindrical structure obtained by cutting a cylinder in half along the normal direction of the slope and with the opening facing upward. A filter screen is arranged at the junction of the water inlet pipe 11 and the concrete shell 7-2. The angle between the water inlet pipe 11 and the horizontal direction is 20~30°, which is convenient for collecting water into the water storage tank 9, and the rainwater is collected from the middle drainage channel 7-1 into the water storage tank 9 by the water inlet pipe 11.

[0087] In some embodiments, the drainage channel 7-1 of the vertical drain pipe 7 and the concrete shells 7-2 on both sides are integrally formed.

[0088] In some embodiments, a long strip-shaped water inlet is arranged on one side of the upper part of the water storage tank 9 close to the water inlet pipe 11. The water outlet of the water inlet pipe 11 is correspondingly connected to the long strip-shaped water inlet, so that when the water storage tank 9 moves, the water inlet pipe 11 can still store water into the water storage tank 9. When the water storage tank 9 moves to the lowest position, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 11 is staggered from the long strip-shaped water inlet.

[0089] In some embodiments, the drainage system further includes a catch drain 13 at the top of the slope and a drainage ditch 14 at the bottom of the slope. The integrated framework, the multi-port drain pipe 3, and the catch drain 13 at the top of the slope and the drainage ditch 14 at the bottom of the slope cooperate with the multi-level stepped slope 1 to enable good slope drainage, anti-seepage, and slope erosion prevention, improving the service life and stability of the slope.

[0090] In some embodiments, the slope protection structure further includes a multi-port drain pipe 3, and one end of the multi-port drain pipe 3 is buried inside the slope surface of the multi-level stepped slope 1;

[0091] At least two drain openings are provided at the end of the multi-port drain pipe 3 buried in the slope, and at least one of the drain openings is sealed by a degradable material structure 4, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0092] In some embodiments, there are two drain openings at the end of the multi-port drain pipe 3 buried in the slope, namely a main drain opening and a secondary drain opening. The degradable material structure 4 is arranged at the secondary drain opening. The degradable material structure 4 is a sealing film structure formed by applying PLA (polylactic acid) degradable material on a net structure fixed at the secondary drain opening. It takes about 5 to 10 years for the PLA degradable material to complete degradation. During the use of the multi-port drain pipe 3, when the main drain opening is severely blocked, the PLA degradable material at the secondary drain opening has been degraded, and the secondary drain opening is unsealed, and normal drainage work can continue through the secondary drain opening, thereby effectively improving the service life of the drain pipe inside the slope and ensuring a stronger drainage function.

[0093] Compared with the method of setting independent and adjacent main and secondary pipes, the use of the multi-port drain pipe 3 reduces the number of drilling holes in the slope during construction, improves the construction efficiency of burial, reduces the impact on the internal stability of the slope, and the volume of the multi-port drain pipe 3 in this embodiment is greatly reduced, reducing the volume required for drilling holes in the slope and retaining more original slope performance to improve the stability of the slope. In the later stage of the use of the multi-port drain pipe 3, although the main and secondary drain openings are blocked, the drainage capacity of the multi-port drain pipe 3 is still stronger than that of an ordinary drain pipe when it is blocked. The process of switching the drain opening of the multi-port drain pipe 3 does not require manual intervention, greatly reducing the cost and manpower of slope maintenance in the later stage. PLA is a kind of degradable chemically synthesized polymer material made from renewable resources such as straw and corn. Its products can be finally degraded into CO2 and H2O under the action of water, bacteria, and microorganisms. The polylactic acid (PLA) degradable material used at the secondary drain opening is one of the most widely studied bio-based and biodegradable materials at present, with advantages such as high mechanical strength, high melting temperature, good biodegradability, good sustainability, and low cost, achieving zero pollution inside the slope.

[0094] In some embodiments, a vegetation planting soil layer is provided at a position on the multi-level stepped slope 1 that avoids the integrated framework and the positions of the multiple drain pipes 3. The vegetation planting soil layer is formed by evenly spraying a mixture of plant seeds, fiber tissue, gelling agent, water retaining agent, nutrient fertilizer, and slurry.

[0095] Embodiment 2

[0096] A construction method for a slope protection structure is specifically carried out according to the following steps:

[0097] Step S1: Set out the center line by lofting. According to the design requirements, first release the top and bottom slope lines to determine the construction positions of the top slope intercepting ditch 13 and the bottom slope drainage ditch 14, and clean the trees, weeds, and surface soil blocks and stones with a particle size greater than 1 cm within the excavation line.

[0098] Step S2: Excavate the multi-level stepped slope 1 from the top slope according to the lofting fixed points. In order to reduce over-excavation and disturbance to the slope, first use mechanical excavation and reserve a 0.5 m thick protective layer, and then manually excavate to the design position, correct the slope, remove the loose and fallen rocks on the surface from top to bottom, and layer by layer build a construction platform along the corrected slope surface.

[0099] Step S3: After excavating and leveling the trench of the integrated framework on the slope surface, excavate and arrange the trenches for the vertical drain pipes 7 and the inclined guide drain pipes 5 along the lofting fixed points of the vertical drain pipes 7 and the inclined guide drain pipes 5 to a depth of 40 - 50 cm and a width of 40 - 50 cm.

[0100] Step S4: Excavate the top slope intercepting ditch 13 and the bottom slope drainage ditch 14. The top slope intercepting ditch 13 is generally set at the rear edge and its surrounding of the landslide body, on the stable soil body not less than 5 m outside the range from the slope surface, and its plane position is in a broken line shape or a circular shape; Lay permeable geotextiles on both sides of the bottom slope drain pipe 14, and sequentially set drain pipes, gravel layers, and permeable concrete on the permeable geotextiles; Set a seepage isolation layer on the backwater surface ditch wall of the top slope intercepting ditch 13 facing the direction of underground water flow to prevent the underground water from seeping into the landslide body after passing through the intercepting ditch. The seepage isolation layer can be made of clay, clay mixture, or masonry rubble, and its thickness is generally 0.3 - 0.5 m; Set an anti-filter layer on the front of the intercepting ditch, and its thickness is generally 45 - 60 cm; The base of the drainage ditch should be buried in an impervious layer or bedrock below an aquifer to intercept the underground water flowing into the landslide body and drain it outside the landslide body; The outlet of the intercepting ditch should be smoothly connected with other drainage facilities, and at the same time, attention should be paid to anti-seepage treatment, and a drop water or a chute can be set if necessary;

[0101] Step S5: Drill holes on the surface of the slope body and lay multiple drain pipes 3 inside the slope. The drilling requires dry drilling, and water drilling is prohibited to ensure that the drilling construction will not deteriorate the engineering geological conditions of the slope rock mass and ensure the bonding performance of the hole wall. The angle between the drilling axis and the ground horizontal line is 2 - 3°. The inner diameter of the drill hole is 0.5 - 1 cm smaller than the outer diameter of the multiple drain pipes 3. When the drilling depth reaches the design requirement, increase the drilling radius. After drilling reaches the design depth, do not stop drilling immediately. It is required to drill steadily for 1 - 2 minutes to prevent the tip of the hole bottom from disappearing and not reaching the design hole diameter. There shall be no sediment and water sticking on the hole wall, and it must be cleaned thoroughly. After the drilling is completed, use high-pressure air (wind pressure 0.2 - 0.4 MPa) to remove all the rock powder and water in the hole outside the hole to avoid reducing the bonding strength between the cement mortar and the rock and soil mass of the hole wall when fixing the multiple drain pipes 3. Except for the anchorage of relatively hard and intact rock masses, high-pressure water flushing shall not be used;

[0102] Step S6: Lay the integrated framework on the slope surface, which is divided into the following steps:

[0103] a. Measure the structural dimensions to be poured and set points;

[0104] b. Use a string line to draw and then brush the slope. Pay attention to the smooth, flowing, and beautiful linearity during slope brushing;

[0105] c. Dig cylindrical fixing holes at the positions of the integrated framework on the leveled slope surface. The fixing holes are dug to a depth of 0.3 m and a diameter of 0.15 m. Place the hollow ring into the fixing hole. The height of the hollow ring is 0.6 m and the diameter is 0.13 m;

[0106] d. Set segmented partitions at the junctions of two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7 and the diagonal guide drain pipes 5 on their left and right;

[0107] e. The length of a single vertical drain pipe 7 is between 75 - 95 cm. The distance between two vertically connected vertical drain pipes 7 is 15 - 20 cm. Place the template of the integrated framework, and first prefabricate and install the steel bars. The steel bar joints need to be staggered;

[0108] f. Use concrete for integral pouring. When pouring concrete, first lay the composite geomembrane, which mainly plays the roles of drainage, filtration, and separation. In the area with dense steel bars, it is necessary to vibrate carefully and compact thoroughly to ensure the quality and form the vertical drain pipes 7 and the diagonal guide drain pipes 5. There are multiple steel bars extending from the concave cross-section bottom of the vertically disconnected vertical drain pipes 7. The outer extension root steel bars at the bottom are equally spaced and symmetrically arranged to facilitate the overall stability after welding the springs later;

[0109] g. Remove the segmented partition before the initial setting of the concrete to form an expansion joint; after the initial setting of the concrete layer, remove the hollow ring, drive the soil nail into the fixing hole until the outermost end of the soil nail is flush with the bottom surface of the drainage channel 7-2 of the vertical drain pipe 7; after driving the soil nail, inject cement slurry from the opening of the soil nail and wait for the cement to solidify;

[0110] h. Hermetically fix the rain automatic disconnection interface 16 outside the first drainage hole 12 of the concrete shell 7-2 of the vertical drain pipe 7;

[0111] Step S7: Weld multiple second springs 8 at the steel bars protruding from the upper and lower vertical drain pipes 7 so that the upper and lower two vertical drain pipes 7 form a vertical single structure through the second springs 8; weld the first spring 6 at the steel bars protruding outside the top of the inclined guide drain pipe 5, and the first spring 6 is horizontally arranged; and install the water storage tank 9 from the top of the concrete shell 7-2 of the vertical drain pipe 7;

[0112] Step S8: After the natural curing of the integral integrated framework of the multi-level stepped slope 1 is completed, wire mesh is hung on each slope. The wire mesh is unrolled from top to bottom and from left to right. The adjacent wire meshes on the same slope layer are bound with iron wires or U-shaped nails;

[0113] Step S9: Mix the treated plant seeds evenly with fiber tissue, gelling agent, water retaining agent, nutrient fertilizer, and slurry, and then evenly spray the mixture onto the inside of the integrated framework for slope protection and at each slope platform through a spraying machine to form a vegetation soil layer. The spraying thickness is 3-5 cm. The spraying sequence is from top to bottom and from left to right. When spraying, the spray gun nozzle is about 1 m away from the slope surface, and spray vertically on the slope to avoid upward spraying, downward spraying, or diagonal spraying. Moreover, the spraying process should be repeated back and forth and should not be carried out at a certain point. And spray the mixture evenly onto the slope surface in two times to further prevent soil erosion and reduce slope erosion through plant ecological protection.

[0114] Furthermore, the first spring 6 and the second spring 8 are prefabricated, using engineering machinery springs, with steel bars welded at both ends, and have undergone anti-rust pretreatment. For the first spring 6 and the second spring 8, a process of phosphating first and then painting can be adopted to improve the adhesion and anti-corrosion ability of the paint, and then spray painting treatment is carried out with epoxy paint; the materials of the first spring 6 and the second spring 8 can be silicon chromium, stainless steel, etc.

[0115] Further, for the anti-rust treatment of the steel bars extending outside the inclined guide water pipe 5, the vertical drain pipe 7, the first spring 6, and the second spring 8: After the steel bars extending outside are processed, the rust-free steel parts with water film after degreasing are immersed in the water distribution tank containing the steel anti-rust liquid, left standing for a period of time, and then the steel bars are taken out. The steel bars should be dried as soon as possible after being taken out, and the dried steel bars should be stored in a ventilated and dry room. At the same time, they should be protected from the erosion of human sweat, high temperature, corrosive gases, etc. to ensure the best anti-rust effect.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present invention, the slope is excavated into a multi-level stepped slope 1 similar to a stepped shape. Since the height of each level of slope is significantly reduced compared to a common slope, the amount of earthwork excavated for each level of slope is significantly reduced, effectively reducing the scouring effect of rainwater on the slope, preventing soil loss on the slope, and avoiding phenomena such as uneven settlement and cracking of the slope surface skeleton, greatly increasing the service life of the skeleton, and enhancing the safety and stability of the slope. Moreover, the height of each level of the multi-level stepped slope 1 is small, strengthening the stability of the slope surface and making it not easy to collapse. The integrated skeleton is fixed by soil nails, and there is no need to install an anchoring structure for the whole slope, protecting the integrity of the slope and reducing construction. For the adopted integrated skeleton, when the water flow washes away the soil under the integrated skeleton, the integrated skeleton becomes suspended. In this case, due to the bendable performance of the second spring 8 and the small size of the integrated skeleton under its own weight, the integrated skeleton can be flexibly bent at the second spring 8, enabling the structure to fit back on the slope surface after the soil has been washed away, avoiding excessive stress concentration at the junction between the suspended part and the slope surface, continuing the drainage function, preventing the skeleton from breaking under the further scouring of the water flow, and avoiding greater potential safety hazards such as structural damage and slope instability, and increasing the service life of the slope surface drainage structure. Moreover, the volume of the integrated skeleton is much smaller than that of a general slope surface skeleton, making it easier to construct and maintain and less likely to crack. During rainfall, water can be continuously stored in the water storage tank 9 through the water diversion pipe 11 in the drainage channel 7-1. When the water storage tank 9 is full, it can irrigate the slope plants during the dry period. And the irrigation is more uniform, keeping the growth density of the plants on the slope consistent and ensuring the unified growth of the overall vegetation on the slope.

[0117] The integrated skeleton and the multi-level stepped slope 1 cooperate with each other, making the construction more convenient. Since the integrated skeleton is assembled, if there is any damage, only the damaged structure needs to be replaced, greatly increasing the utilization rate of the structure. And the earthwork volume of one level of slope is small. In case of landslide, only this level of slope needs to be refilled, reducing the maintenance cost of the subsequent slope.

[0118] In some embodiments, different multi-level step heights are formulated according to the hardness and weathering degree of the slope rock, and an integrated skeleton with corresponding dimensions is formulated. The number of springs to be used is determined according to the size of the integrated skeleton and the height of the slope. The higher the slope classification height, the larger the size of the corresponding integrated skeleton. As the size of the integrated skeleton increases, the overall quality improves, and the slope surface area increases. If slope soil erosion occurs, the amount of soil may also increase. Therefore, the connection of the second spring 8 must be increased, and a suitable spring specification must be selected. In an embodiment of a slope where the slope rock is hard rock and the weathering degree is slightly weathered, the multi-level stepped slope classification height is 2.0 m, and the platform width is 1.2 m. The size of the integrated skeleton suitable for each slope height is designed. And in the construction step S7 of the multi-level stepped slope 1, when prefabricating and installing steel bars, four outstretched steel bars are used at the vertical bottom of the concave cross-section, and two outstretched steel bars are respectively arranged on the left and right sides and are symmetrically arranged. Increasing the classification height can improve the construction efficiency while taking into account the good anti-scouring performance of the multi-level stepped slope 1 and improve the stability of the slope. Appropriately increasing the number of springs can improve the overall stiffness of the integrated skeleton and ensure that the springs have sufficient elastic potential energy to control the bending of the integrated skeleton.

[0119] In some embodiments, in step S8, when the second spring 8 is connected to the outstretched steel bar of the vertical drain pipe 7, sleeve connection can be used, which is more convenient for construction, and the connection of the vertical drain pipes 7 of multiple vertical monomer structures can be carried out simultaneously, reducing the construction time. The specific construction is as follows:

[0120] (1) When connecting steel bars, the specifications of the steel bars and the connecting sleeves are the same, and the type, pitch, and outer diameter of the steel bar threads should match the connecting sleeve. And ensure that the threads of the steel bar connecting sleeve are clean and intact;

[0121] (2) Align the steel bar at the outstretched part of the upper vertical drain pipe 7 with the axis of the sleeve and screw the steel bar into the connecting sleeve A. Align the steel bar at the outstretched part of the lower vertical drain pipe 7 with the axis of the sleeve and screw the steel bar into the connecting sleeve B;

[0122] (3) Screw the upper steel bar of the second spring 8 into the connecting sleeve A and the lower steel bar into the connecting sleeve B;

[0123] (4) After the joint splicing is completed, the two thread ends should be tightly pressed against each other at the central position of the sleeve, and there should be no more than one complete thread exposed at each end of the sleeve.

[0124] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slope protection structure, characterized in that, Comprising: A multi - level stepped slope (1), which is formed by slope surface excavation; An integrated framework, which is fixed on each level of the multi - level stepped slope (1); The integrated framework includes a plurality of vertical monomer structures and inclined monomer structures, where: A plurality of vertical monomer structures are arranged at intervals on each level of the multi - level stepped slope (1), and each vertical monomer structure includes at least two vertical drain pipes (7) connected up and down by a plurality of second springs (8); Each inclined monomer structure includes two inclined guide drain pipes (5) arranged in a V - shape. The two inclined guide drain pipes (5) arranged in a V - shape are semi - cylindrical pipes fixed perpendicular to the slope surface and opening upward; Each inclined monomer structure is arranged between two adjacent vertical monomer structures, at the connection of two vertically connected vertical drain pipes (7), and the bottom end of each inclined guide drain pipe (5) of each inclined monomer structure is close to the end of the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes (7) corresponding thereto. A telescopic joint is arranged between each inclined guide drain pipe (5) and the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes (7) corresponding thereto; The vertical drain pipe (7) is a concrete structure with a concave - shaped cross - section, with a drainage channel (7 - 1) in the middle and concrete outer shells (7 - 2) with hollow interiors on both sides of the drainage channel (7 - 1); A water storage tank (9) is installed in the concrete outer shell (7 - 2); At the bottom end inside the concrete outer shell (7 - 2), a slow - rebound third spring (10) is arranged, and the water storage tank (9) is placed on the third spring (10); On one side of the concrete outer shell (7 - 2) close to the drainage channel (7 - 1), a water inlet pipe (11) is arranged. On the side of the concrete outer shell (7 - 2) far from the drainage channel (7 - 1), a first drainage hole (12) is provided. On the side of the water storage tank (9) far from the drainage channel (7 - 1), a second drainage hole (19) is provided. On the side of the water storage tank (9) close to the drainage channel (7 - 1) and on the side where the second drainage hole (19) is provided, they are both in contact with the inner wall of the concrete outer shell (7 - 2); When the water volume in the water storage tank (9) is insufficient, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (11) is correspondingly connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank (9), and the second drainage hole (19) on the water storage tank (9) is staggered from the first drainage hole (12) on the concrete outer shell (7 - 2). After the water storage volume in the water storage tank (9) reaches the standard amount, the water storage tank (9) moves downward and compresses the third spring (10). After the water storage tank (9) stops moving, the water outlet end of the water inlet pipe (11) is staggered from the water inlet of the water storage tank (9), and the second drainage hole (19) of the water storage tank (9) coincides with the first drainage hole (12) on the concrete outer shell (7 - 2); Outside the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete outer shell (7 - 2), a rain - automatic disconnection interface (16) is provided. During rain, the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete outer shell (7 - 2) is closed through the rain - automatic disconnection interface (16). During drought, the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete outer shell (7 - 2) is opened through the rain - automatic disconnection interface (16) to drain and irrigate the slope.

2. The slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rain automatic disconnection interface (16) comprises: A water guide box (17), the water guide box (17) being sealed and fixed on the outside of each first drainage hole (12) of the concrete shell (7-2), and the side of the water guide box (17) close to the concrete shell (7-2) is connected to the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete shell (7-2), and the side of the water guide box (17) away from the concrete shell (7-2) is connected to the transverse drainage pipe (2); A water storage box (18), the water storage box (18) is arranged in the water guide box (17) and is connected to the water guide box (17) by sliding up and down, and the top of the water storage box (18) can move up and down to extend out of / enter the water guide box (17); the water storage box (18) is connected to the inner bottom of the water guide box (17) via a fourth spring at the bottom, a water inlet is arranged at the top of the water storage box (18) / is directly open, and the side of the water storage box (18) close to the concrete shell (7-2) is in contact with the concrete shell (7-2), the position of the water storage box (18) is automatically controlled by the amount of water in the water storage box (18) and the fourth spring, and the opening and closing of the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete shell (7-2) are automatically controlled by the position of the water storage box (18); When it rains, the water in the water storage box (18) reaches a certain amount of water and moves downward into the water guide box (17) to block the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete shell (7-2); During a drought period, when the water in the water box (18) evaporates and the water volume is insufficient, the water box (18) moves upward under the action of the fourth spring, opening the first drainage hole (12) of the concrete shell (7-2).

3. A slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A long strip water inlet is provided on one side of the upper part of the water storage tank (9) close to the water diversion pipe (11), and the water outlet of the water diversion pipe (11) is connected to the long strip water inlet correspondingly.

4. A slope protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Each vertical single structure on each level of the slope includes two vertical drainage pipes (7) connected up and down, wherein: The bottom surface of the drainage channel (7-1) of the vertical drainage pipe (7) located at the upper part gradually decreases in thickness from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the drainage channel (7-1) of the vertical drainage pipe (7) located at the lower part gradually increases in thickness from top to bottom, so that the bottom surfaces of the drainage channels (7-1) of the two vertical drainage pipes (7) connected up and down are inclined in the direction of the second spring (8); The top ends of the two oblique water guide pipes (5) arranged in an eight-shaped shape in each oblique monomer structure are connected together via a first spring (6).

5. A slope protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It also comprises a multi-outlet drainage pipe (3), one end of which is buried inside the slope surface of the multi-step stepped slope (1), and the end of the multi-outlet drainage pipe (3) buried inside the slope is provided with at least two drainage outlets, at least one of which is sealed by a degradable material structure (4); A vegetation soil layer is provided on the multi-step stepped slope (1) at a position away from the integrated frame and the multiple drainage pipes (3).

6. The construction method of a slope protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Follow these steps: Step S1, laying out and determining the center line. According to the design requirements, first lay out the top and bottom lines of the slope, determine the construction positions of the top intercepting ditch (13) and the bottom drainage ditch (14), and clear the trees, weeds and topsoil and rocks within the excavation line; Step S2, excavating a multi-level stepped slope from the top of the slope according to the set-out point situation (1); Step S3: After excavating the grooves of the slope surface integrated framework at the lofting fixed points along the integrated framework and leveling them on each level of the slope; Step S4: Excavate the top slope intercepting drain (13) and the bottom slope drain (14), and install corresponding drainage and seepage isolation facilities in the top slope intercepting drain (13) and the bottom slope drain (14); Step S5: Drill holes on the surface of the slope body and lay multiple internal slope drain pipes (3); Step S6: Lay the integrated framework and the rain automatic disconnect interface (16) on the slope surface; Step S7: Weld multiple second springs (8) at the steel bars protruding from the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes (7), weld the first springs (6) at the steel bars protruding from the tops of the two diagonal guide pipes (5) of each diagonal monomer structure, and install the water storage tank (9) from the top of the concrete shell (7-2) of the vertical drain pipe (7); Step S8: After the natural curing of the integrated framework of the multi-level stepped slope (1) is completed, install wire meshes on each level of the slope. The wire meshes are unrolled in a way from top to bottom and from left to right; Step S9: After evenly mixing the treated plant seeds with fiber tissue, gelling agent, water retaining agent, nutrient fertilizer, and slurry, evenly spray the mixture inside the integrated framework for slope protection and at the platforms of each level of the slope to form a vegetation soil layer.

7. The construction method of a slope protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, When performing Step S6 to lay the integrated framework on the slope surface, the vertical drain pipes (7) and the diagonal guide pipes (5) are formed by on-site casting; During on-site casting, set segmented partition plates at the junctions of the two vertically connected vertical drain pipes (7) and the diagonal guide pipes (5) on their left and right, and remove the segmented partition plates before the concrete initial setting to form expansion joints.

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