Intralayer interval, interlayer staggered hollow block facade wall and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of masonry walls, specifically relates to a kind of layer interval, interlayer staggered hollow block facade wall and its construction method, including facade wall structure frame and the masonry structure of masonry in the interior of facade wall structure frame;Masonry structure includes several layers of block layer and is set between the steel plate of adjacent two layers of block layer;Steel plate passes through the center line of adjacent block layer, and cement mortar layer is applied between block layer and steel plate;Block layer includes hollow block and fixed head;Fixed head includes the embedded segment and spiral segment connected, and hollow block is set with embedded hole matched with embedded segment in end face center;The embedded segment of fixed head is embedded in the embedded hole of hollow block, and fixed head is fixed by screwing with steel plate;The both ends of steel plate are fixedly connected with facade wall structure frame by fixing piece.Compared with prior art, the present application can realize masonry wall on the basis of guaranteeing connection integrity and structural strength, and also can shape wall modeling simultaneously.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a masonry wall, specifically to a hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and staggered interlayer spacing, and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Normal partition walls or exterior facades of buildings are often constructed using brick masonry. This type of brick masonry is made of loose blocks and has poor overall integrity. Therefore, building codes require the installation of structural columns at regular horizontal intervals during the construction of exterior or partition walls, and the reinforcing steel in these columns must be connected to the main structure. If a single wall is too tall, a ring beam is required at regular heights. Furthermore, reinforcing steel bars extend from the structural columns and are embedded in the mortar joints of the masonry wall at certain height intervals to further enhance the integrity of the brick wall. It is evident that due to the poor overall integrity and seismic performance of this common brick masonry material, building codes have implemented numerous measures to increase its integrity with the main structure, ensuring that the structural integrity meets safety standards.

[0003] Normal partition walls use solid blocks as the masonry material, with each block tightly connected to the surrounding blocks and bound together with mortar to form a whole. Even when hollow blocks are used, holes are often built in between, and then steel bars are inserted and mortar is poured in to improve the overall integrity. However, for some street-facing buildings, the facade serves not only a structural support function but also a decorative one. Therefore, architects often design facades made of hollow blocks with large gaps, which alters the overall structural integrity and safety. These hollow blocks with large gaps have no horizontal connection, making their overall integrity worse than that of solid bricks without gaps. Furthermore, from a vertical projection perspective, the overlap area between upper and lower layers of blocks is also very small, resulting in weak connections between the blocks and a weaker structural strength for the facade wall.

[0004] Current improvements to masonry primarily focus on thermal insulation and other properties, as seen in patents such as CN201611108651.8 and CN201110286479.6. However, there is limited research into connections and structural strength. Chinese patent CN201410571000.7 discloses a hollow block, but the presence of bolted components in this structure prevents the formation of openwork or spaced shapes in the masonry wall, thus failing to meet aesthetic design requirements.

[0005] Therefore, the above problems urgently need to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and interlayer staggering to solve at least one of the above problems, and its construction method. This solves the problem that the existing technology cannot meet the requirements of the integrity of connection and structural strength of masonry walls when they are hollowed out and spaced. It can make the masonry wall shape while ensuring the integrity of connection and structural strength.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] The first aspect of the present invention discloses a hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and interlayer staggering, including a facade wall structural frame and a masonry structure built inside the facade wall structural frame.

[0009] The masonry structure includes several layers of blocks and a steel plate placed between two adjacent layers of blocks; the steel plate passes through the center line of the adjacent blocks, and a layer of cement mortar is applied between the blocks and the steel plate.

[0010] The block layer includes hollow blocks and a fixing head; the fixing head includes a connected embedding section and a spiral section, and the hollow block has an embedding hole at the center of its end face that matches the embedding section; the embedding section of the fixing head is fitted and fixed in the embedding hole of the hollow block, and the fixing head is screwed to a steel plate through the spiral section.

[0011] The steel plate is fixedly connected to the facade wall structure frame at both ends by fasteners;

[0012] Hollow blocks are arranged alternately in each block layer, and hollow blocks are arranged alternately in adjacent block layers.

[0013] Preferably, the hollow blocks arranged at intervals in the block layer are set at variable angles.

[0014] Preferably, there is a rotation angle of 0-30° between adjacent hollow blocks in the block layer.

[0015] Preferably, the steel plate is an irregularly shaped steel plate, and the shape of the steel plate is the envelope formed by the projection of two adjacent upper and lower block layers.

[0016] Preferably, the surface of the steel plate is coated with an anti-rust coating.

[0017] Preferably, the steel plate has a thickness of 5 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the facade wall structure frame is composed of a lower frame beam, side columns, and an upper frame beam fixedly connected.

[0019] Preferably, the fastener is an angle steel, one leg of which is welded to the steel plate and fixed, and the other leg is driven into the side column for fixation by expansion bolts.

[0020] Preferably, the side columns are frame columns or structural columns.

[0021] A second aspect of this invention discloses a construction method for a hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1: Prefabricate steel plates, fixing heads, and fasteners according to design dimensions;

[0023] S2: Construct the bottom layer of masonry blocks inside the structural frame of the facade wall according to the design;

[0024] S3: Make a fixing hole at the center of the upper end face of each hollow block in the block layer, which matches the fixing section of the fixing head, and apply a layer of cement mortar to the upper end face of each hollow block.

[0025] S4: The steel plate is fixed by screwing the screw head through the spiral section on the lower surface of the steel plate, and the steel plate is placed on the block layer so that the embedded section is fitted and fixed in the embedded hole;

[0026] S5: The steel plate is fixedly connected to the facade wall structural frame using fasteners;

[0027] S6: The upper surface of the steel plate is fixed by screwing the head with a spiral section and then applying a layer of cement mortar.

[0028] S7: Build a layer of blocks on the upper surface of the steel plate to fix the embedded section in the embedded hole;

[0029] S8: Repeat steps S3-S7 until the entire hollow block facade wall is completed.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] (1) The steel plate has strong rigidity out of plane, so the whole wall is not easy to collapse out of plane when an earthquake occurs and deformation can be effectively controlled.

[0032] (2) A strong connection can be achieved between the steel plate and the block through the fixing head;

[0033] (3) Even if the upper layer of blocks and the adjacent lower layer blocks do not have an overlapping area of ​​projection, the steel plate can still bear the weight of the blocks, which can greatly meet the needs of the building in terms of shape.

[0034] (4) Since the steel plate has a good connection with the masonry block and the main structural frame on both sides and has a large rigidity, it can break through the requirements of the specification for the spacing of structural columns and can not set structural columns in a considerable range, thus realizing the requirements of the building facade shape. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1This is a top view of the structure of adjacent masonry block layers;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the superimposed projections of adjacent block layers;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the outer rectangular steel plate after the projection of adjacent masonry block layers is superimposed;

[0038] Figure 4 To and Figure 1 A top view of the irregularly shaped steel plates that match the envelope of adjacent masonry block layers;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram showing the location of the threaded holes on the irregularly shaped steel plate;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed head structure;

[0041] Figure 7 A structural diagram for constructing the bottom layer of masonry blocks;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a side view of the steel plate structure.

[0043] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a structure for applying a layer of cement mortar to the bottom layer of masonry blocks;

[0044] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a structure in which steel plates are installed on a block layer;

[0045] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a structure in which steel plates are fixed by fasteners;

[0046] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a structure in which a fixing head is fixed to a steel plate and a layer of cement mortar is applied;

[0047] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of a structure with a block layer installed on a steel plate;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a structural schematic diagram of the hollow block facade wall after its completion.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the steel plate and the adjacent masonry block layer;

[0050] Figure 16 This is a top view of the hollow block structure.

[0051] In the diagram: 1-Face wall structural frame; 11-Lower frame beam; 12-Side column; 13-Upper frame beam; 2-Block layer; 21-Hollow block; 211-Fixing hole; 22-Fixing head; 221-Fixing section; 222-Spiral section; 3-Steel plate; 31-Rust-proof coating; 4-Cement mortar layer; 5-Factor. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] A type of hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and staggered interlayer spacing, such as Figure 1-16 As shown, it includes a facade wall structural frame 1 and a masonry structure built inside the facade wall structural frame 1.

[0055] The masonry structure includes several layers of blocks 2 and a steel plate 3 placed between two adjacent layers of blocks 2; the steel plate 3 passes through the center line of the adjacent blocks 2, and a cement mortar layer 4 is applied between the blocks 2 and the steel plate 3.

[0056] The block layer 2 includes hollow blocks 21 and fixing heads 22; the fixing head 22 includes a connected embedding section 221 and a spiral section, the hollow block 21 has an embedding hole 211 at the center of its end face that matches the embedding section 221; the embedding section 221 of the fixing head 22 is fitted and fixed in the embedding hole 211 of the hollow block 21, and the fixing head 22 is screwed and fixed to the steel plate 3 through the spiral section;

[0057] The steel plate 3 is fixedly connected to the facade wall structure frame 1 at both ends by fasteners 5;

[0058] Hollow blocks 21 are arranged at intervals in each block layer 2, and hollow blocks 21 in adjacent block layers 2 are arranged alternately.

[0059] More specifically, in this embodiment:

[0060] This embodiment provides a masonry wall of large-gap variable-angle hollow bricks arranged in an alternating pattern, which is composed of an external facade wall structure frame 1 and a masonry structure built inside the facade wall structure frame 1.

[0061] The facade wall structure frame 1 is formed by fixing the lower frame beam 11, side columns 12 (which can be frame columns or structural columns, depending on the actual construction location) and the upper frame beam 13 in the existing manner.

[0062] The masonry structure inside the facade wall frame 1 is formed by multiple layers of block layers 2 and steel plates 3 between the block layers 2. Each block layer 2 consists of several hollow blocks 21 arranged at intervals. The hollow blocks 21 in each block layer 2 are spaced apart, and there is a rotation angle of 0-30° between adjacent hollow blocks 21 (the rotation angle calculated with the center line of the hollow block 21 as the axis of rotation). The hollow blocks 21 between adjacent block layers 2 are arranged in a staggered manner, that is, the hollow blocks 21 of the upper / lower layer are placed between two adjacent hollow blocks 21 in the middle layer, such as... Figure 1 As shown. The steel plate 3 is arranged through the center line of the block layer 2 (connected by the centroids of each hollow block 21), and the steel plate 3 is fixedly connected to each hollow block 21 by a fixing head 22; specifically, the fixing head 22 includes an integrally integrated embedding section 221 and a spiral section (with external threads), as shown. Figure 6 As shown, a fixing hole 211 matching the fixing section 221 is provided at the center of the upper and lower end faces of the hollow block 21, as shown. Figure 15 Threaded holes are machined on the steel plate 3 according to the designed arrangement of the hollow blocks 21 at corresponding locations using a lathe. The helical section of the fixing head 22 is first screwed into the threaded holes of the steel plate 3. Then, the steel plate 3, with the fixing head 22, is aligned with each fixing hole 211 and placed on the block layer 2, forming a fixation between the steel plate 3 and the block layer 2, thus limiting the horizontal position of the steel plate 3. Furthermore, at both ends, the steel plate 3 is also fixedly connected to the side columns 12 of the facade wall structure frame 1 through fasteners 5, achieving fixation of the steel plate 3 in the front-back and vertical directions. Combined with the limiting position of the fixing head 22 and the block layer 2, a complete whole is formed, such as... Figure 16 The fastener 5 is made of angle steel. One leg of the angle steel is welded to the end of the steel plate 3, and the other leg is fixed by an expansion bolt driven into the side column 12. A cement mortar layer 4 is also applied between the steel plate 3 and the block layer 2 to form an adhesive layer to further enhance the overall integrity and structural strength.

[0063] Furthermore, steel plate 3 can be made of, for example... Figure 4 The irregularly shaped steel plate 3 shown has an outline that matches the projection envelope of the adjacent block layer 2, ensuring that the steel plate 3 and each hollow block 21 have a larger overlap area on the projection plane. This irregularly shaped steel plate 3 uses... Figure 1-5 The process involves several steps. First, the projections of adjacent upper and lower block layers 2 are determined according to the design drawings, such as... Figure 1 Subsequently, the envelope graphics of the two-layer projection were obtained using drawing software. Figure 2 Based on the obtained outer contour of the projection envelope, select an outer rectangular steel plate 3 of corresponding size (reference). Figure 3 ), and through precision machining and cutting, an irregularly shaped steel plate 3 with an irregular outer contour is obtained, see Figure 4Finally, based on the corresponding positions of the centroids of the hollow blocks 21 in the upper and lower block layers 2 on the steel plate 3, the corresponding threaded holes are machined on the lathe to complete the fabrication of the irregular steel plate 3.

[0064] Furthermore, an anti-rust coating 31 can be applied to the surface of the steel plate 3 as needed to ensure long-term use and structural strength. The specific specifications and dimensions of the steel plate 3 can be determined according to the actual construction requirements. Under normal conditions, a 5mm steel plate 3 is sufficient to meet the structural requirements.

[0065] A construction method for a hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and staggered interlayer spacing includes the following steps:

[0066] (1) According to the variable-angle hollow block 21 in the architectural design drawings Figure 1 In the drawing software, draw the outer contour of the projected envelope of the hollow block 21 with varying angles in adjacent upper and lower block layers 2. Figure 2 Based on the circumscribed rectangle of the projected outer contour, purchase rectangular steel plates of the corresponding size 3 ( Figure 3 Cut out the corresponding irregular outer contour from the rectangular steel plate 3. Figure 4 According to the design dimensions, threaded holes are machined at the centroid position of each hollow block 21 using a lathe. Figure 5 ). And so on, each layer of irregularly shaped steel plates is prefabricated in the factory;

[0067] (2) Prefabricate the fixing head 22, end angle steel and end expansion bolts according to the design dimensions;

[0068] (3) Transport the relevant prefabricated materials to the construction site;

[0069] (4) Lay the hollow blocks 21 of the first layer on the beam according to the spacing and angle required by the architectural design, such as... Figure 7 ;

[0070] (5) Apply anti-rust coating to the surface of the irregular steel plate 3 to form an anti-rust coating 31, such as Figure 8 ;

[0071] (6) A fixing hole 211 adapted to the fixing section 221 of the fixing head 22 is opened on the upper surface of the bottom first layer of hollow blocks 21, and cement mortar is applied to the upper surface of the hollow blocks 21 to form a cement mortar layer 4 with a certain degree of adhesion, such as Figure 9 ;

[0072] (7) Screw the fixing head 22, corresponding to the position of the lower hollow block 21, into the lower surface of the irregular steel plate 3, and place the irregular steel plate 3 on the upper surface of the bottom first hollow block 21, so that each fixing head 22 can be embedded in the corresponding fixing hole 211, such as... Figure 10 ;

[0073] (8) Weld one leg of the end angle steel, which serves as the fastener 5, to the irregularly shaped steel plate 3, and drive the other leg into the side column 12 (within the frame column or structural column) of the facade wall structural frame 1 using expansion bolts to fix the steel plate 3, such as... Figure 11 ;

[0074] (9) Screw the fixing head 22, corresponding to the position of the upper hollow block 21, into the upper surface of the irregular steel plate 3, and apply cement mortar to form a cement mortar layer 4 with a certain degree of adhesion, such as Figure 12 ;

[0075] (10) Construct the upper layer of hollow blocks 21 according to the building requirements. The position of the hollow blocks 21 should allow the upper layer of hollow blocks 21 to be embedded in the corresponding fixing heads 22, such as... Figure 13 ;

[0076] (11) Repeat steps (5) to (10) until the entire wall section is constructed, as follows: Figure 14 .

[0077] Figure 14 The facade shown is for illustrative purposes only; actual construction can be carried out according to the design. Because steel plates 3 are used for interlayer support in the facade of this structure, the overall structural strength is maintained even with large intervals between the hollow blocks 21 in the same block layer 2. Furthermore, due to the high rigidity of the steel plates 3 and their excellent structural connection with the block layer 2 and the facade frame 1, the wall can be designed with large spans while ensuring structural strength. Based on these two points, the facade of this structure can be extended into various shapes, providing designers with a basis and space for creativity. As a street-facing exterior wall, it can ensure structural integrity and strength while also providing a certain degree of aesthetics and design flexibility.

[0078] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and staggered interlayer spacing, characterized in that, It includes the facade wall structural frame (1) and the masonry structure built inside the facade wall structural frame (1); The masonry structure includes several layers of blocks (2) and a steel plate (3) placed between two adjacent layers of blocks (2); the steel plate (3) passes through the center line of the adjacent blocks (2), and a cement mortar layer (4) is applied between the blocks (2) and the steel plate (3); The block layer (2) includes hollow blocks (21) and fixing heads (22); the fixing head (22) includes a connected embedding section (221) and a spiral section (222); the hollow block (21) has an embedding hole (211) at the center of its end face that matches the embedding section (221); the embedding section (221) of the fixing head (22) is fitted and fixed in the embedding hole (211) of the hollow block (21); the fixing head (22) is screwed and fixed to the steel plate (3) through the spiral section (222); The steel plate (3) is fixedly connected to the facade wall structure frame (1) at both ends by fasteners (5); Hollow blocks (21) of each block layer (2) are arranged at intervals, and hollow blocks (21) of adjacent block layers (2) are arranged alternately.

2. The hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow blocks (21) arranged at intervals in the block layer (2) are set at variable angles.

3. A hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in claim 2, characterized in that, There is a rotation angle of 0-30° between adjacent hollow blocks (21) in the block layer (2).

4. A hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The steel plate (3) is an irregularly shaped steel plate, and the shape of the steel plate (3) is the envelope formed by the projection of the adjacent upper and lower block layers (2).

5. A hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The steel plate (3) is coated with an anti-rust coating (31).

6. A hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The steel plate (3) has a thickness of 5 mm.

7. A hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The facade wall structure frame (1) is formed by a fixed connection of a lower frame beam (11), side columns (12) and an upper frame beam (13).

8. A hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and interlayer staggering as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The fastener (5) is an angle steel. One leg of the angle steel is welded and fixed to the steel plate (3), and the other leg is fixed to the side column (12) by an expansion bolt.

9. A hollow block facade wall with interlayer spacing and interlayer staggering as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The side column (12) is a frame column or a structural column.

10. A construction method for a hollow block facade wall with intra-layer spacing and inter-layer staggering as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Prefabricate steel plates (3), fixing heads (22), and fasteners (5) according to the design dimensions; S2: Construct the bottom layer of blocks (2) inside the facade wall structural frame (1) according to the design; S3: A fixing hole (211) matching the fixing section (221) of the fixing head (22) is opened at the center of the upper end face of each hollow block (21) in the block layer (2), and a cement mortar layer (4) is applied to the upper end face of each hollow block (21). S4: The fixing head (22) is screwed onto the lower surface of the steel plate (3) through the spiral section (222), and the steel plate (3) is placed on the block layer (2), so that the embedding section (221) is fitted and fixed in the embedding hole (211); S5: The steel plate (3) is fixedly connected to the facade wall structural frame (1) by means of fastener (5); S6: The fixing head (22) is screwed onto the upper surface of the steel plate (3) through the spiral section (222) and a cement mortar layer (4) is applied. S7: A layer of blocks (2) is built on the upper surface of the steel plate (3) so that the embedded section (221) is fitted and fixed in the embedded hole (211); S8: Repeat steps S3-S7 until the entire hollow block facade wall is completed.

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