A dust suppression structure and method for port loading and unloading

Abstract

This invention discloses a dust suppression structure for port loading and unloading, belonging to the field of dust suppression in port loading and unloading. The structure includes: a funnel for materials; a retaining ring detachably connected to the upper side of the funnel; rounded corners disposed on the inner side of the retaining ring; multiple feed grids circumferentially fixed to the retaining ring; a first connecting assembly circumferentially fixed to the feed grids; a second connecting assembly fixedly disposed between two adjacent first connecting assemblies; an adjusting plate rotatably disposed on the second connecting assembly; a guide block fixedly disposed on the adjusting plate, with both sides of the guide block inclined; and a feed assembly disposed between two adjacent adjusting plates, with the feed assembly in contact with the adjusting plates. This invention effectively diverts materials, preventing material accumulation and increased impact force on the funnel, thereby effectively improving its dust suppression effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of port loading and unloading dust suppression technology, and in particular to a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure and its dust suppression method. Background Art

[0002] With rapid economic development, my country's demand for energy and raw materials is increasing, resulting in a situation where coal is transported from west to east, from north to south, and imported ore is increasing dramatically. Waterway transportation, as a convenient and economical mode of transport, has driven the rapid development of my country's ports, but it has also caused environmental pollution problems. In particular, dust generated during the loading, unloading, and transportation of bulk cargo such as stone and coal constitutes the main source of port pollution, thus requiring the use of dust suppression devices.

[0003] Currently, grid-shaped gratings are installed inside unloading hoppers to reduce dust by decreasing the impact force between the material and the hopper. However, the gratings in the unloading hoppers at domestic ports are all ordinary grid-shaped structures with vertically installed grating plates. To ensure the required specifications of the grating holes, the grating plates are installed at a high density, resulting in high weight and significant waste. When the grab bucket is loading and unloading, large pieces of material directly impact the grating, causing severe wear on the upper part of the grating plates, and even deformation or twisting, while the lower part of the grating plates is basically undamaged. In addition, because a large amount of material rushes directly from the center of the grid openings into the hopper, it creates a huge impact. The powerful impact kinetic energy causes a large amount of dust to spill out, seriously polluting the environment.

[0004] In the prior art, patent publication number CN215666051U, publication date 2022-01-28, relates to a dust suppression structure for port loading and unloading. The dust suppression structure is installed in the port material hopper and includes several dust suppression chambers arranged in a matrix, formed by splicing together horizontal and vertical grids. This utility model effectively reduces the impact of falling materials on the grid plates, reduces the number of grid plates, improves the utilization efficiency of the entire grid plate, and slows down the falling speed of materials. In addition, under the guidance of the inclined angle of the grid, the materials gather towards the center, reducing kinetic energy. During the falling process, the airflow forms turbulence below the grid, which is conducive to the natural settling of dust.

[0005] The aforementioned patent effectively solves the problem of high grid installation density. However, during unloading, the different positions of the material grippers may result in a larger amount of material in some areas, which may increase the impact force on the funnel, thus requiring further improvement in dust reduction effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a port loading and unloading dust reduction structure that can overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] A dust suppression structure for port loading and unloading includes: a hopper for materials; a retaining ring detachably connected to the upper side of the hopper; rounded corners disposed on the inner side of the retaining ring; a plurality of feed grids circumferentially and equidistantly fixed to the retaining ring; a first connecting assembly circumferentially fixed to the feed grids; a second connecting assembly fixedly disposed between two adjacent first connecting assemblies; an adjusting plate rotatably disposed on the second connecting assembly; a guide block fixedly disposed on the adjusting plate, with both sides of the guide block inclined; and a feed assembly disposed between two adjacent adjusting plates, wherein the feed assembly is in contact with the adjusting plate.

[0009] To facilitate the connection between the snap ring and the funnel, preferably, the snap ring has an annular groove, and a support ring matching the annular groove is fixedly connected to the upper side of the funnel.

[0010] To prevent damage to the upper edge of the funnel, preferably, a plurality of shock-absorbing sleeves arranged in a circular pattern are fixedly connected to the support ring, a support rod is slidably arranged inside the shock-absorbing sleeve, and a spring is fixedly connected between the support rod and the shock-absorbing sleeve.

[0011] To facilitate connection to the feed grid, preferably, the first connecting assembly includes a baffle rod fixedly mounted on the feed grid, the baffle rod being configured as a triangular prism.

[0012] To facilitate limiting the position of the adjusting plate, preferably, the second connecting assembly includes a fixing block fixedly mounted on two adjacent baffles, a baffle symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixing block, a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the two baffles, a connecting block fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and one side of the connecting block fixedly connected to the adjusting plate.

[0013] To facilitate material diversion, preferably, the feeding assembly includes a first baffle plate, a second baffle plate, and a third baffle plate that are fixedly mounted on a baffle rod in sequence. A first feeding trough is provided between multiple sets of the third baffle plates, a second feeding trough is provided between the second baffle plate and the third baffle plate, the second feeding trough is matched with a guide block, and a third feeding trough is provided between the second baffle plate and the first baffle plate, the third feeding trough being matched with a guide block.

[0014] To facilitate material receiving, preferably, the guide block has an arc surface on the side near the first feed trough and an arc-shaped inclined surface on the side away from the first feed trough, and the arc-shaped inclined surface matches the third feed trough.

[0015] To facilitate the blocking of smoke and dust, preferably, a baffle cone is provided inside the funnel, a fixing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed grid, a plurality of connecting rods arranged in a circular pattern are provided between the baffle cone and the fixing ring, an upper opening matching the first feed groove is provided on the baffle cone, and a lower opening matching the funnel is provided on the side of the baffle cone away from the upper opening.

[0016] To reduce the impact of materials on the funnel, a trapezoidal feed trough is provided inside the feed grid, which is matched with the funnel.

[0017] A method for dust suppression during port loading and unloading mainly includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Attach the snap ring to the funnel;

[0019] Step 2: Use the gripping claws to grab the material onto the upper side of the funnel, and then gradually open the gripping claws to let the material fall downwards;

[0020] Step 3: The material falls onto the guide block for guidance. When there is too much material in the middle, the adjusting plate rotates to make the material fall to the other side of the guide block.

[0021] Step 4: The guide block gradually becomes balanced, allowing the material to fall through the feed grid and feed assembly onto the hopper.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The dust suppression structure for loading and unloading at this port uses an adjusting plate that rotates along the axis of the rotating shaft. At this time, the guide block rotates along the axis of the rotating shaft, bringing the guide block closer to the axis of the funnel. Material falls onto the guide block and the adjusting plate, causing the side of the adjusting plate away from the funnel axis to gradually become heavier. At this time, some material falls downward through the feeding assembly, while some material continues to accumulate on the adjusting plate, causing the side of the adjusting plate away from the funnel axis to become heavier. The adjusting plate rotates along the axis of the rotating shaft, and the material on the adjusting plate falls onto the feeding assembly and the feeding grid, effectively diverting the material and preventing the material accumulation from increasing the impact force on the funnel.

[0024] 2. The dust suppression structure for loading and unloading at this port uses a support rod that slides into the shock-absorbing sleeve and a spring to buffer the snap ring, thereby effectively preventing material from falling in a concentrated manner and causing damage to the outer edge of the funnel.

[0025] 3. The dust suppression structure for loading and unloading at this port works by having materials fall onto the arc-shaped inclined surface of the guide block. The materials on the arc-shaped inclined surface fall into the second feed chute. As the amount of material on the side of the adjusting plate away from the funnel axis increases, the adjusting plate tilts in the opposite direction. At this time, the first feed chute gradually enlarges, facilitating the downward fall of materials and effectively reducing the impact force of materials on the funnel. As the adjusting plate tilts in the opposite direction, some of the material on the adjusting plate slides into the third feed chute. Finally, the adjusting plate collides with the feed grid, causing the material on the adjusting plate to fall into the feed grid. This evenly distributes the materials, reduces the impact force between the materials and the funnel, and effectively improves the dust suppression effect.

[0026] The parts of this device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. This invention effectively diverts materials, preventing material accumulation from increasing the impact force on the funnel, thereby effectively improving its dust reduction effect. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure proposed in this invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure proposed in this invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the snap ring of a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure proposed in this invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting plate of a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed block of a port loading and unloading dust suppression structure proposed in this invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This invention proposes a dust suppression structure for port loading and unloading. Figure 5 Enlarged diagram of point A in the middle.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Funnel; 101. Support ring; 102. Shock-absorbing sleeve; 103. Spring; 104. Support rod; 2. Snap-fit ​​ring; 201. Annular groove; 202. Rounded corner; 203. Feed grid; 204. Trapezoidal feed chute; 205. Fixing ring; 206. Connecting rod; 207. Stop cone; 208. Upper opening; 209. Lower opening; 3. Stop rod; 301. First stop plate; 302. Second stop plate; 303. Third stop plate; 304. First feed chute; 305. Second feed chute; 306. Third feed chute; 4. Fixing block; 401. Stop block; 402. Rotating shaft; 403. Connecting block; 404. Adjusting plate; 5. Guide block; 501. Arc-shaped inclined surface; 502. Circular arc surface. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Example 1: Refer to Figures 1-6 A dust suppression structure for port loading and unloading includes: a hopper 1 for materials; a retaining ring 2 detachably connected to the upper side of the hopper 1; a rounded corner 202 disposed on the inner side of the retaining ring 2; multiple feed grids 203 circumferentially and equidistantly fixed on the retaining ring 2; a first connecting assembly circumferentially fixed on the feed grids 203; a second connecting assembly fixedly disposed between two adjacent first connecting assemblies; an adjusting plate 404 rotatably disposed on the second connecting assembly; a guide block 5 fixedly disposed on the adjusting plate 404, with both sides of the guide block 5 inclined; and a feed assembly disposed between two adjacent adjusting plates 404, with the feed assembly in contact with the adjusting plate 404.

[0037] The snap ring 2 has an annular groove 201, and the upper side of the funnel 1 is fixedly connected to a support ring 101 that matches the annular groove 201.

[0038] Multiple shock-absorbing sleeves 102 arranged in a circular pattern are fixedly connected to the support ring 101. A support rod 104 is slidably arranged inside the shock-absorbing sleeve 102. A spring 103 is fixedly connected between the support rod 104 and the shock-absorbing sleeve 102.

[0039] The second connecting component includes a fixing block 4 fixedly mounted on two adjacent baffle bars 3. A baffle 401 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixing block 4. A rotating shaft 402 is rotatably mounted on the two baffle bars 401. A connecting block 403 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 402. One side of the connecting block 403 is fixedly connected to the adjusting plate 404.

[0040] When unloading cargo at the port to reduce dust, snap ring 2 is snapped onto support ring 101;

[0041] The gripper claws pick up the material to be unloaded and release them directly above the funnel 1, causing the material to fall in a dispersed manner. When the amount of material falling in the middle is large, the adjusting plate 404 rotates along the axis of the rotating shaft 402. At this time, the guide block 5 rotates along the axis of the rotating shaft 402, bringing the guide block 5 closer to the axis of the funnel 1. The material then falls onto the guide block 5 and the adjusting plate 404, causing the side of the adjusting plate 404 away from the axis of the funnel 1 to gradually become heavier. At this time, some material falls downward through the feeding assembly, while some material continues to accumulate on the adjusting plate 404, causing the side of the adjusting plate 404 away from the axis of the funnel 1 to become heavier. The adjusting plate 404 rotates along the axis of the rotating shaft 402, and the material on the adjusting plate 404 falls onto the feeding assembly and the feeding grid 203, effectively diverting the material and preventing the accumulation of material from increasing the impact force on the funnel 1.

[0042] When the material falls into the regulating plate 404 and the feed grid 203, the downward impact force of the snap ring 2 increases, and the support rod 104 slides into the shock-absorbing sleeve 102. The snap ring 2 is buffered by the spring 103, thereby effectively preventing the concentrated falling of material from damaging the outer edge of the funnel 1.

[0043] Example 2: Refer to Figures 1-6 A port loading and unloading dust suppression structure is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. Further, the first connecting component includes a baffle rod 3 fixedly installed on the feed grid 203, and the baffle rod 3 is configured as a triangular prism.

[0044] The feeding assembly includes a first baffle plate 301, a second baffle plate 302, and a third baffle plate 303, which are fixedly mounted on the baffle rod 3 in sequence. A first feeding groove 304 is provided between multiple sets of third baffle plates 303. A second feeding groove 305 is provided between the second baffle plate 302 and the third baffle plate 303. The second feeding groove 305 matches the guide block 5. A third feeding groove 306 is provided between the second baffle plate 302 and the first baffle plate 301. The third feeding groove 306 matches the guide block 5.

[0045] The guide block 5 has an arc surface 502 on the side close to the first feed trough 304, and an arc-shaped inclined surface 501 on the side away from the first feed trough 304. The arc-shaped inclined surface 501 matches the third feed trough 306.

[0046] When the adjusting plate 404 tilts towards the axis of the funnel 1, the material falls onto the arc-shaped inclined surface 501 on the guide block 5. The material on the arc-shaped inclined surface 501 falls into the second feed trough 305. As the material on the side of the adjusting plate 404 away from the axis of the funnel 1 increases, the adjusting plate 404 tilts in the opposite direction. At this time, the first feed trough 304 gradually becomes larger, which facilitates the material falling downward and effectively reduces the impact force of the material on the funnel 1. As the adjusting plate 404 tilts in the opposite direction, some of the material on the adjusting plate 404 slides into the third feed trough 306. Finally, the adjusting plate 404 collides with the feed grid 203, causing the material on the adjusting plate 404 to fall into the feed grid 203, thereby evenly diverting the material and reducing the impact force of the material on the funnel 1, thus effectively improving its dust suppression effect.

[0047] The material in the second feed trough 305 and the third feed trough 306 is diverted a second time by the triangular prism-shaped baffle rod 3, thereby effectively reducing the impact of the material on the funnel 1 and thus effectively improving its dust reduction effect.

[0048] Example 3: Reference Figures 1-6 A port loading and unloading dust suppression structure is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1. In a further embodiment, a baffle cone 207 is provided in the funnel 1, a fixing ring 205 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feed grid 203, a plurality of connecting rods 206 arranged in a circle are provided between the baffle cone 207 and the fixing ring 205, an upper opening 208 matching the first feed trough 304 is provided on the baffle cone 207, and a lower opening 209 matching the funnel 1 is provided on the side of the baffle cone 207 away from the upper opening 208.

[0049] The upper opening 208 of the baffle cone 207 has the same diameter as the lower discharge port of the funnel 1.

[0050] A trapezoidal feed trough 204 is provided inside the feed grid 203, and the trapezoidal feed trough 204 is matched with the funnel 1.

[0051] When materials fall from the first feed trough 304, the second feed trough 305, and the third feed trough 306, the materials first collide with the baffle cone 207 and slide along the side of the baffle cone 207 onto the funnel 1. At this time, the materials are diverted again by the connecting rod 206, thereby effectively reducing their impact on the funnel 1. The baffle cone 207 blocks the dust on the lower side of the funnel 1, thereby effectively improving its dust suppression effect.

[0052] Example 4: A method for dust suppression during port loading and unloading, mainly including the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Attach the snap ring 2 to the funnel 1;

[0054] Step 2: Use the gripping claws to grab the material onto the upper side of hopper 1, and then gradually open the gripping claws to let the material fall downwards;

[0055] Step 3: The material falls onto the guide block 5 for guidance. When there is too much material in the middle, the adjusting plate 404 rotates to make the material fall to the other side of the guide block 5.

[0056] Step 4: The guide block 5 gradually becomes balanced, and the material falls onto the funnel 1 through the feed grid 203 and the feed assembly.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression structure for port loading and unloading, comprising: The funnel (1) for materials is characterized by further comprising: A snap ring (2) is detachably connected to the upper side of the funnel (1); A rounded corner (202) is provided on the inner side of the snap ring (2); Multiple feed grids (203) are fixed circumferentially at equal intervals on the snap ring (2); The first connecting component is circumferentially fixed to the feed grid (203); The second connecting component is fixedly disposed between two adjacent first connecting components; Adjustment plate (404) is rotatably mounted on the second connecting assembly; The guide block (5) is fixedly installed on the adjusting plate (404), and both sides of the guide block (5) are inclined. A feeding assembly is disposed between two adjacent adjusting plates (404), and the feeding assembly is in contact with the adjusting plates (404); The first connecting component includes a baffle rod (3) fixedly mounted on the feed grid (203), and the baffle rod (3) is configured as a triangular prism. The feeding assembly includes a first baffle plate (301), a second baffle plate (302), and a third baffle plate (303) that are fixedly mounted on the baffle rod (3) in sequence. A first feeding groove (304) is provided between multiple sets of the third baffle plates (303). A second feeding groove (305) is provided between the second baffle plate (302) and the third baffle plate (303). The second feeding groove (305) matches the guide block (5). A third feeding groove (306) is provided between the second baffle plate (302) and the first baffle plate (301). The third feeding groove (306) matches the guide block (5). The guide block (5) has an arc surface (502) on the side close to the first feed trough (304), and an arc-shaped inclined surface (501) on the side away from the first feed trough (304). The arc-shaped inclined surface (501) matches the third feed trough (306). The funnel (1) is provided with a baffle cone (207), and the bottom of the feed grid (203) is fixedly connected with a fixing ring (205). Multiple sets of connecting rods (206) arranged in a circle are provided between the baffle cone (207) and the fixing ring (205). The baffle cone (207) is provided with an upper opening (208) matching the first feed groove (304), and the side of the baffle cone (207) away from the upper opening (208) is provided with a lower opening (209) matching the funnel (1).

2. The port loading and unloading dust suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The snap ring (2) has an annular groove (201) and the upper side of the funnel (1) is fixedly connected with a support ring (101) that matches the annular groove (201).

3. The port loading and unloading dust suppression structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, A plurality of shock-absorbing sleeves (102) arranged in a circular pattern are fixedly connected to the support ring (101). A support rod (104) is slidably arranged inside the shock-absorbing sleeve (102). A spring (103) is fixedly connected between the support rod (104) and the shock-absorbing sleeve (102).

4. The port loading and unloading dust suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second connecting component includes a fixing block (4) fixedly mounted on two adjacent baffles (3), a baffle (401) symmetrically fixedly connected to the fixing block (4), a rotating shaft (402) rotatably mounted on the two baffles (401), a connecting block (403) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (402), and one side of the connecting block (403) fixedly connected to the adjusting plate (404).

5. A port loading and unloading dust suppression structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed grid (203) is provided with a trapezoidal feed trough (204), which is matched with the funnel (1).

6. A method for dust suppression during port loading and unloading, employing the port loading and unloading dust suppression structure described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main steps include: Step 1: Attach the snap ring (2) to the funnel (1); Step 2: Grab the material with the gripping claws and place it on the upper side of the funnel (1). Then, gradually open the gripping claws to let the material fall downwards. Step 3: The material falls onto the guide block (5) for guidance. When there is too much material in the middle, the adjusting plate (404) rotates to make the material fall to the other side of the guide block (5). Step 4: The guide block (5) gradually balances and allows the material to fall onto the funnel (1) through the feed grid (203) and the feed assembly.

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