Apparatus for degradation of biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharges

Abstract

This invention discloses a device for degrading biochemical warfare agents using positive and negative pulse discharge. The device includes a positive and negative pulse drive power supply that self-excites to generate narrow pulse signals, converts mains power to DC power, and then chops the DC power to output high-voltage positive and negative pulses. A reactor includes a reaction vessel and an inner electrode core, with the inner electrode core fixed inside the reaction vessel. The reaction vessel has a wastewater inlet pipe and a clean water outlet pipe. The wastewater inlet pipe receives tap water containing the biochemical warfare agent, and the clean water outlet pipe connects to a clean water tank. The inner electrode core is filled with an inner stainless steel wire mesh, which is connected to the positive and negative pulse drive power supply via an insulated wire. The outside of the reaction vessel is wrapped with an outer stainless steel wire mesh, which is grounded via a wire. This invention achieves rapid wastewater purification and good degradation effect of biochemical warfare agents through high-voltage positive and negative pulse discharge using the positive and negative pulse drive power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drinking water disinfection technology, and in particular to a device for degrading biochemical warfare agents using positive and negative pulse discharge. Background Technology

[0002] Water is the source of life and a vital component of national security; the safety of drinking water is closely related to people's health. To ensure drinking water safety, it needs to be disinfected before being delivered to urban pipe networks. Water purifiers on the market mainly use membrane technology, ceramic filter technology, and activated carbon technology for deep purification of drinking water. While reverse osmosis can produce pure water, it consumes a lot of water and electricity, resulting in high costs. Furthermore, it is not corrosion-resistant and is easily decomposed by bacteria and other microorganisms, leading to a shortened lifespan. Activated carbon adsorption technology cannot remove pathogenic microorganisms from water.

[0003] The war environment is particularly dangerous because it contains biological and chemical warfare agents that are harmful to humans. Biological warfare agents are mainly bacteria and viruses, such as anthrax bacilli, plague bacilli, smallpox virus, and hemorrhagic fever virus; chemical warfare agents include nerve agents, vesicants, systemic agents, asphyxiating agents, and incapacitating agents.

[0004] Biological warfare agents are typically in gaseous, liquid, or solid states. When used, they are usually dispersed into vapor, droplets, aerosols (mist, toxic fumes, smoke, etc.) and fine powders using various techniques. They are then mixed with air or dispersed on object surfaces, causing poisoning through the respiratory tract, skin, eyes, mouth, etc.

[0005] Biological warfare agents can easily destroy and kill DNA and cell nuclei, while chemical warfare agents have strong molecular bonds and must be broken down and degraded into non-toxic and harmless small molecular compounds using strong oxidizing agents such as hydroxyl radicals (OH-). Examples include water and carbon dioxide. Existing water purification methods include physical and chemical purification; however, chemical purification is slow and difficult to separate substances. For instance, a Chinese patent document, CN1791442, discloses an "activation steam treatment for neutralizing chemical warfare agents," in which hydrogen peroxide is vaporized and mixed with ammonia in a ratio of 1:1 to 1:0.0001. The mixture of peroxide and ammonia vapor is then conveyed to a treatment area to neutralize type V, H, and G chemical warfare agents, as well as pathogens, biotoxins, spores, protein infectious agents, and lipids. For type G chemical warfare agents, ammonia is the primary deactivator, while peroxide acts as an accelerator. For type V and type H chemical warfare agents and pathogens, biological toxins, spores, and protein infectious agents, peroxides are used as the main deactivating agents, and ammonia acts as an accelerator in at least part of the peroxide deactivation reaction.

[0006] This method neutralizes biological warfare agents through chemical means, but the purification rate is slow. It is difficult to quickly and effectively disinfect and purify water sources containing biological warfare agents.

[0007] To prevent water contamination by chemical warfare agents used in bacteriological warfare, it is essential to improve the ability of water purifiers to eliminate viruses and bacteria in wastewater. Referring to US Patent 7102052B2 and International Patent Application WO2005 / 035067A2, methods for decontaminating surfaces contaminated with both biological and chemical warfare agents are described in detail. These methods utilize hydrogen peroxide vapor mixed with ammonia or other nitrogen-containing compounds for chemical decontamination. The advantages of the technology described in these US and international patent applications are that the gas can be applied from an external source to the enclosure or generated within it; there are no residues or liquids to be removed at the end of the decontamination process; and because it is a gaseous process with only oxygen and water vapor as byproducts, it does not damage sensitive equipment. The disadvantage of the above methods is that, according to data from the international application, decontamination with chemical warfare agent VX takes up to 24 hours. Such a long timeframe is undesirable, especially if a large number of equipment items require disinfection. Any technology that can shorten this timeframe in the face of repeated or widely distributed chemical and biological attacks would offer advantages.

[0008] Reference application number: 201710925957.0, application date: October 5, 2017, invention title: A novel water purifier for sterilizing and disinfecting drinking water. The disclosed solution includes a base, a first purification tank, and a second purification tank. A metal tank is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first purification tank. An ultraviolet lamp is fixedly installed between the top and bottom plates of the metal tank. A water inlet pipe is opened at the top of the metal tank, and the end of the water inlet pipe away from the metal tank passes through the first purification tank and extends to the outside of the first purification tank. A partition is provided inside the second purification tank, located below the connecting water pipe, and a gas nozzle is provided on the partition. An ozone generator is fixedly installed at the top of the second purification tank, and the outlet of the ozone generator is connected to the inlet of the gas nozzle through a first connecting pipe. An ozone recovery device is fixedly installed on the back side of the second purification tank, and the inlet of the ozone recovery device is connected to a second connecting pipe. The end of the second connecting pipe away from the ozone recovery device passes through the top plate of the second purification tank and extends into the interior of the second purification tank. This device allows drinking water to undergo initial disinfection via ultraviolet lamps inside a first purification tank, followed by a second disinfection in a second purification tank where ozone gas is introduced. This results in more thorough disinfection and increased safety. However, the device lacks a purification module, failing to effectively remove fine particulate matter and some organic matter, potentially leading to the generation of disinfection byproducts during subsequent ozone disinfection. Furthermore, ozone can affect the taste of the water, damage the gastric mucosa, and increase free radicals, posing a health risk. The ultraviolet sterilizer requires weekly cleaning of the quartz sleeve; otherwise, bacterial secretions and dead bacteria will form a protective film on the tube, significantly reducing or eliminating the sterilization effect. Therefore, in practical applications, the treatment effect and efficiency are limited, and the operating cost is relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention primarily addresses the problem of poor disinfection effects of existing technologies on biological and chemical warfare agents in water. It provides a device for degrading biological and chemical warfare agents through positive and negative pulse discharge. By using chemical degradation and physical disinfection, a strong electric field acts on the water to generate hydroxyl radicals, which inactivate bacteria and viruses and oxidize the chemical warfare agents into non-toxic and harmless inorganic substances. This effectively shortens the disinfection time. At the same time, the device has a simple structure, high working efficiency, and low production cost.

[0010] The above-mentioned technical problems of the present invention are mainly solved by the following technical solution: a device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge, comprising a positive and negative pulse driving power supply, which self-excites to generate narrow pulse signals, converts mains power into DC power, and then chops the DC power to output high-voltage positive pulses and high-voltage negative pulses; a reactor, comprising a reaction tank and an inner electrode core, wherein the inner electrode core is fixed inside the reaction tank, the reaction tank is provided with a sewage inlet pipe and a clean water outlet pipe, the sewage inlet pipe flows into tap water containing biochemical warfare agents, the clean water outlet pipe is connected to a clean water tank, the inner electrode core is filled with an inner stainless steel wire mesh, the stainless steel wire mesh of the inner electrode core is connected to the positive and negative pulse driving power supply through an insulated wire, the outer side of the reaction tank is wrapped with an outer stainless steel wire mesh, and the outer stainless steel wire mesh is grounded through a wire. The inner stainless steel wire mesh has a variable-shape rhomboid grid, woven from interlaced stainless steel wires, resulting in a cylindrical shape. The outer stainless steel wire mesh, when unfolded, also has a variable-shape rhomboid grid, woven from interlaced stainless steel wires, resulting in a ring-shaped column. The inner stainless steel wire mesh serves as the discharge electrode, and the outer stainless steel wire mesh serves as the grounding electrode, forming a discharge electrode plate. When the positive and negative pulse driving power supply outputs positive and negative pulses, an instantaneous high-voltage electric field is generated between the electrodes. This field acts on the water between the electrodes, generating hydroxyl radicals that destroy the cell walls of bacteria, causing them to dehydrate and die. It also destroys the ribonucleic acid of viruses, killing them, and performs an oxidation-reduction reaction on chemical warfare agents, transforming them into non-toxic and harmless inorganic substances.

[0011] Preferably, the positive and negative pulse driving power supply includes: a rectifier circuit that takes AC power as input and converts it into DC power; a complementary multivibrator that self-excites to generate a narrow pulse signal, with a first output terminal outputting a first modulation signal and a second output terminal outputting a second modulation signal, wherein the second modulation signal is at a low level when the first modulation signal is at a high level and at a high level when the first modulation signal is at a low level; a first output circuit that takes the first modulation signal as input and converts the DC power output from the rectifier circuit to output a positive pulse current; and a second output circuit that takes the second modulation signal as input and converts the DC power output from the rectifier circuit to output a negative pulse current.

[0012] Preferably, the complementary multivibrator includes a DC power supply, a self-excited oscillation circuit, and an RS flip-flop. The DC power supply powers the self-excited oscillation circuit and the RS flip-flop. The self-excited oscillation circuit generates a narrow pulse signal and transmits it to the signal input terminal of the RS flip-flop. The first output terminal of the RS flip-flop is connected to a first output circuit, and the second output terminal of the RS flip-flop is connected to a second output circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the self-excited oscillation circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a first diode, and an adjusting resistor. The base of the second transistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor and the first end of the adjusting resistor. The second end of the adjusting resistor is connected to the adjusting terminal of the adjusting resistor and one end of the first resistor. The other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and a DC power supply. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the emitter of the first transistor. The base of the first transistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor. The collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of the third resistor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the cathode of the first diode and the signal input terminal of the RS flip-flop. The anode of the first diode, the emitter of the second transistor, and the other end of the third resistor are all grounded. The first diode is used to shorten the pulse edge recovery time.

[0014] Preferably, the first output circuit includes a first pulse switch, a positive pulse boost circuit, and a first rectifier diode. The control terminal of the first pulse switch is connected to the first output terminal of the complementary multivibrator. The first terminal of the first pulse switch is connected to the primary coil of the positive pulse boost circuit. The second terminal of the first pulse switch is connected to one end of a first protection resistor, and the other end of the first protection resistor is grounded. The secondary coil of the positive pulse boost circuit is connected to the anode of the first rectifier diode, and the cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected to the load.

[0015] Preferably, the second output circuit includes a second pulse switch, a negative pulse boost circuit, and a second rectifier diode. The control terminal of the second pulse switch is connected to the second output terminal of the complementary multivibrator. The first terminal of the second pulse switch is connected to the primary coil of the negative pulse boost circuit. The second terminal of the second pulse switch is connected to one end of a second protection resistor, and the other end of the second protection resistor is grounded. The secondary coil of the negative pulse boost circuit is connected to the cathode of the second rectifier diode, and the anode of the second rectifier diode is connected to the load.

[0016] Preferably, the reaction vessel is a quartz vessel, which consists of a main body and a lid placed on top of the main body. The inner electrode core comprises a quartz glass tube. When the electrodes are energized, corona discharge generates blue light, which can be clearly observed through the quartz vessel.

[0017] Preferably, an upper support is fixed inside the reaction tank near the lower side of the purified water outlet pipe, and a lower support is provided inside the reaction tank near the upper side of the sewage inlet pipe, with the inner electrode core being inserted between the upper and lower supports.

[0018] Preferably, the upper support includes an upper support cylinder and a plurality of upper support support columns vertically fixed on the upper support cylinder. The plurality of upper support support columns are symmetrical about the axis of the upper support cylinder. The inner diameter of the upper support cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the inner electrode core. The lower support includes a lower support cylinder and a plurality of lower support support columns vertically fixed on the lower support cylinder. The plurality of lower support support columns are symmetrical about the axis of the lower support cylinder. The inner diameter of the lower support cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the inner electrode core. The can lid has a can opening. A cork is fitted on the can opening. The cork has an inner hole. The inner electrode core passes through the inner hole of the cork, the upper support cylinder, and the lower support cylinder in sequence. The cork is interference-fitted with the inner electrode core. An anti-fall ring is provided on the outer side of the port of the inner electrode core.

[0019] Preferably, the interior of the reaction vessel is provided with a plurality of upper support fixing blocks corresponding to the upper support column, and the interior of the reaction vessel is provided with a plurality of lower support fixing blocks corresponding to the lower support column. The upper support fixing blocks are provided with a first arc-shaped groove, and the lower support fixing blocks are provided with a second arc-shaped groove. The first arc-shaped groove is interference-fitted with the upper support column, and the second arc-shaped groove is interference-fitted with the lower support column.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By generating a square wave signal through a complementary multivibrator and performing delay control, the output circuit stably outputs high-voltage positive and negative pulses with a stable interval distribution. This eliminates the need for a microcontroller chip, resulting in low cost, simple structure, and small overall circuit size. The generated square wave signal features high peak power and concentrated energy, eliminating the need for secondary frequency modulation and saving significant circuit space. After selection by a flip-flop, it directly acts on the output circuit, making the circuit structure more compact and effectively reducing the overall circuit size. Because the square wave signal is selected and output through an RS flip-flop, the two output terminals of the RS flip-flop output peak signals sequentially. Therefore, the conduction of the first and second pulse switches has a certain delay interval, ensuring that the high-voltage positive and negative pulses are distributed evenly. The outputs will not occur simultaneously, effectively delaying and isolating high-voltage positive and negative pulses, achieving the function of a symmetrical bipolar pulse power supply. Both the inner and outer electrodes are made of elastic stainless steel wire mesh, tightly attached to the reaction tank wall and inner electrode core without gaps, resulting in good corona discharge and facilitating real-time observation of the blue light emission state during operation. High-voltage positive and negative pulse discharge is achieved through positive and negative pulse drive power supply, realizing rapid purification of sewage and good degradation effect of biochemical warfare agents. When domestic water contaminated by biochemical warfare agents flows through the reaction tank of this invention, the inner and outer electrodes are isolated by DBD dual medium, and the electrode discharge is not affected. An unexpected effect is that the ultraviolet light in the purple-blue spectrum generated during the DBD discharge process contains bactericidal and organic matter-degrading ultraviolet rays, further improving the bactericidal and organic matter-degrading effect by about 20%. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the deformation process of the stainless steel wire mesh in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stainless steel wire mesh structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper and lower support structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a circuit structure block diagram of the driving power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a pulse waveform diagram generated by the self-excited oscillation circuit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10a This is a diagram of the positive pulse waveform output from the first output terminal of the RS flip-flop in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 10b This is a waveform diagram of the negative pulse output from the second output terminal of the RS flip-flop in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a square wave diagram composed of positive and negative high-voltage pulses according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 12 This is an electromagnetic compatibility anti-interference report diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] The components include: 1. Reaction vessel; 2. Upper support; 3. Lower support; 4. Inner electrode core; 5. Inner stainless steel wire mesh; 6. Outer stainless steel wire mesh; 7. Positive and negative pulse drive power supply; 8. Clean water outlet pipe; 9. Sewage inlet pipe; 10. Inner metal clamp; 11. Outer metal clamp; 12. Clean water valve; 13. Sewage valve; 14. Drain pipe; 15. Drain valve; 16. Drain angled outlet; 17. Outer support; 18. Tank cover; 19. First corrugated pipe; 20. Second corrugated pipe; 21. Cork stopper; 22. Anti-fall ring; 61. EMC filter; 62. Rectifier circuit; 63. Filter circuit; 64. DC power supply; 65. Self-excited oscillation circuit; 66. RS trigger; 67. First output circuit; 68. Second output circuit; 69. Reactor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] A device for degrading biochemical warfare agents using positive and negative pulse discharge, such as Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a positive and negative pulse drive power supply 7 and a reactor 69. The reactor includes a reaction vessel 1 and an inner electrode core 4, which is fixed inside the reaction vessel. The reaction vessel is equipped with a sewage inlet pipe 9 and a clean water outlet pipe 8. The sewage inlet pipe 9 allows tap water containing a biochemical warfare agent to flow in, and the clean water outlet pipe 8 connects to a clean water tank (not shown in the figure). The inner electrode core is filled with an inner stainless steel wire mesh 5, which is connected to the positive and negative pulse drive power supply via an insulated wire. The outside of the reaction vessel is wrapped with an outer stainless steel wire mesh 6, which is grounded via a wire. The positive and negative pulse drive power supply self-excites to generate narrow pulse signals, converts the mains power to DC power, and then chops the DC power to output high-voltage positive pulses and high-voltage negative pulses.

[0038] The reaction vessel 1 is a quartz vessel, which consists of a main vessel body and a lid 18 that is fastened to the top of the main vessel body. The inner electrode core 4 is a quartz glass tube. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the inner stainless steel wire mesh 5 has a variable-shape rhomboid mesh, woven from interlaced stainless steel wires. After weaving, the inner stainless steel wire mesh 5 is sheet-like. The outer stainless steel wire mesh 6, when unfolded, also has a variable-shape rhomboid mesh, woven from interlaced stainless steel wires. After weaving, the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 is ring-shaped. An inner metal clamp 10 is provided at one end of the inner stainless steel wire mesh 5 near the purified water outlet pipe 8. The inner metal clamp 10 is connected to the power supply 7 via an insulated wire. The outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 has several outer metal clamps 11, which are grounded via wires.

[0039] In this embodiment, the inner stainless steel wire mesh 5 has a variable-shape rhombus. After weaving, the inner stainless steel wire mesh 5 is sheet-like. The inner core 4 is a quartz glass tube. The stainless steel wire mesh 5 needs to be rolled into thin strips before being filled into the quartz glass tube. One end is fixed and led out with an insulated wire connected to the power supply 7. The other end is pushed into the bottom of the quartz glass tube. Then, under the action of elastic force, the rolled-up thin strips of stainless steel wire mesh 5 radially spread, making the stainless steel wire mesh 5 tightly adhere to the inner wall of the quartz glass tube. Figure 3 As shown, the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 unfolds into a rhomboid shape, woven from interlaced stainless steel wires, forming a ring shape after weaving. Refer to the following when using it. Figure 3First, the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 needs to be compressed so that its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the reaction vessel 1. Then, the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 is fitted onto the outer wall of the reaction vessel 1, and then the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 is stretched radially to reduce its inner diameter until the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the reaction vessel 1. Finally, the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 is fixed with an outer metal clamp 11. In this embodiment, the axial length of the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6 is greater than the axial length of the stainless steel wire mesh 5, and the working surface of the stainless steel wire mesh 5 should be located within the working surface of the outer stainless steel wire mesh 6.

[0040] This invention utilizes high-voltage positive and negative pulse electrolysis generated by a positive and negative pulse driving power supply 7 to kill bacteria, viruses, and chemical warfare agents in wastewater, thereby purifying the wastewater. Both the inner and outer electrodes of this invention are made of elastic stainless steel wire mesh, tightly attached to the wall of the reaction vessel 1 and the inner electrode core 4 without gaps, resulting in good corona discharge effect and facilitating real-time observation of the blue luminescence state during operation.

[0041] The reaction vessel 1 of this invention serves as the main body for winding the external electrode, and the inner electrode core serves as the main body for winding the internal electrode. The use of quartz material aims to isolate it from toxic and harmful liquids, ensuring no corrosion, no wear, and a long service life. Furthermore, the quartz vessel 1 facilitates real-time observation of the blue light emission during operation. The separate design of the quartz vessel in this invention facilitates the installation of the inner electrode core 4 within it.

[0042] Example 2:

[0043] This embodiment improves the fixing method of the inner electrode core 4 based on embodiment 1, as follows: an upper bracket 2 is fixed on the lower side of the reaction tank 1 near the clean water outlet pipe 8, and a lower bracket 3 is provided on the upper side of the reaction tank 1 near the sewage inlet pipe 9. The inner electrode core 4 is locked between the upper bracket 2 and the lower bracket 3.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the upper support 2 includes an upper support cylinder and several upper support support columns vertically fixed on the upper support cylinder. The several upper support support columns are symmetrical about the axis of the upper support cylinder. The inner diameter of the upper support cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pole core 4. The lower support 3 includes a lower support cylinder and several lower support support columns vertically fixed on the lower support cylinder. The several lower support support columns are symmetrical about the axis of the lower support cylinder. The inner diameter of the lower support cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pole core 4. The can lid 18 is provided with a can opening. A cork stopper 21 is fitted on the can opening. The cork stopper 21 is provided with an inner hole. The inner pole core 4 passes through the inner hole of the cork stopper 21, the upper support cylinder, and the lower support cylinder in sequence. The cork stopper 21 and the inner pole core 4 are interference-fitted. A fall protection ring 22 is provided on the outer side of the port of the inner pole core 4.

[0045] Inside the reaction vessel 1, there are several upper support fixing blocks corresponding to the upper support column, and inside the reaction vessel 1, there are several lower support fixing blocks corresponding to the lower support column. The upper support fixing blocks are provided with a first arc-shaped groove, and the lower support fixing blocks are provided with a second arc-shaped groove. The first arc-shaped groove is interference-fitted with the upper support column, and the second arc-shaped groove is interference-fitted with the lower support column.

[0046] The installation process in this embodiment is as follows:

[0047] 1. Place the lower bracket 3 onto the lower bracket fixing block, and then place the upper bracket 2 onto the upper bracket fixing block;

[0048] 2. Insert the cork stopper 21 into the opening of the jar lid 18;

[0049] 3. Insert the inner electrode core 4, i.e. the quartz glass tube, into the inner hole of the cork stopper 21, the upper support tube, and the lower support tube in sequence until the anti-fall ring 22 contacts the cork stopper 21, thereby fixing the inner electrode core 4, i.e. the quartz glass tube.

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] This embodiment adds flow regulation and device cleaning structures based on Embodiments 1 and 2, as detailed below:

[0052] The bottom of the reaction tank 1 is equipped with a drain pipe 14, which is connected to a drain valve 15. The clean water outlet pipe 8 is connected to a clean water valve 12, and the sewage inlet pipe 9 is connected to a sewage valve 13. The other end of the clean water valve 12 is connected to a first corrugated pipe 19, and the other end of the sewage valve 13 is connected to a second corrugated pipe 20.

[0053] The first corrugated pipe 19 can be connected to a device for subsequent purified water storage, and the second corrugated pipe 20 can be connected to a device for wastewater supply.

[0054] A drain outlet 16 is provided at the connection between the drain pipe 14 and the interior of the reaction vessel 1. The function of the drain outlet 16 in this invention is to guide the dead bacteria and viruses after inactivation, so as to avoid them from accumulating at the bottom of the quartz tank and to prevent the formation of a mucous membrane layer at the bottom of the reaction vessel by bacterial secretions and dead bacteria. The reaction vessel can be cleaned by water rinsing alone, which facilitates the maintenance of the reaction vessel in the future.

[0055] The bottom of the reaction vessel 1 is equipped with an external support 17. Since the main structure of the reaction vessel 1 is made of quartz glass, the external support 17 is provided to prevent it from directly contacting the ground, which makes the use process safer. At the same time, the external support 17 provides some operating space for the drain valve 15 when the drain pipe is draining water.

[0056] Example 4:

[0057] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the positive and negative pulse drive power supply of the present invention includes an EMC filter 61, a rectifier circuit 62, a filter circuit 63, a complementary multivibrator, a first output circuit 67, and a second output circuit 68. The input terminal of the EMC filter receives 220V AC mains power for surge absorption, noise suppression, and high-frequency harmonics suppression. The output terminal of the EMC filter is connected to the input terminal of the rectifier circuit, which converts AC power to DC power and then supplies it to the first and second output circuits. Figure 9 As shown, a complementary multivibrator self-excites to generate a narrow pulse signal. Figure 10a As shown, the first output terminal outputs the first modulation signal, as follows: Figure 10b As shown, the second output terminal outputs a second modulation signal. When the first modulation signal is high, the second modulation signal is low, and when the first modulation signal is low, the second modulation signal is high. The first output circuit receives the first modulation signal, converts the DC output from the rectifier circuit, and outputs a positive pulse current. The second output circuit receives the second modulation signal, converts the DC output from the rectifier circuit, and outputs a negative pulse current. Figure 11 As shown, the positive pulse current and the negative pulse current form a square wave current output.

[0058] The EMC filter mainly consists of a differential-mode inductor, a differential-mode capacitor, a common-mode inductor, and a common-mode capacitor. The rectifier circuit consists of diodes D2, D3, D4, and D5, and the filter circuit is an active filter circuit.

[0059] A stable DC power is output from the active filter circuit to the first output circuit and the second output circuit. The square wave control of the complementary multivibrator ensures that the first output circuit and the second output circuit are always in a periodic alternation state. When the first output circuit outputs a high voltage pulse, the second output circuit is in an energy storage state, and when the second output circuit outputs a high voltage pulse, the first output circuit is in an energy storage state.

[0060] The complementary multivibrator includes a DC power supply 64, a self-excited oscillation circuit 65, and an RS flip-flop 66. The DC power supply DC powers the self-excited oscillation circuit and the RS flip-flop. The self-excited oscillation circuit generates a narrow pulse signal and transmits it to the signal input terminal of the RS flip-flop. The first output terminal of the RS flip-flop is connected to the first output circuit, and the second output terminal of the RS flip-flop is connected to the second output circuit.

[0061] The self-excited oscillation circuit includes a first transistor VT1 (PNP type), a second transistor VT2 (NPN type), a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first capacitor C1, a first diode D1, and an adjusting resistor Rx. The base of the second transistor VT2 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and the first end of the adjusting resistor Rx. The second end of the adjusting resistor Rx is connected to the adjusting terminal of the adjusting resistor Rx and one end of the first resistor R1. The other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and a DC power supply. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the emitter of the first transistor VT1. The base of the first transistor VT1 is connected to the collector of the second transistor VT2. The collector of the first transistor VT1 is connected to one end of the third resistor R3. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the signal input terminal of the RS flip-flop. The anode of the first diode D1, the emitter of the second transistor VT2, and the other end of the third resistor R3 are all grounded. Figure 4 As shown, the self-excited oscillation circuit generates a high-frequency narrow pulse signal. The first diode D1 is used to shorten the pulse edge recovery time, resulting in a narrower pulse with a steeper output edge.

[0062] The period of a narrow pulse signal is calculated as: 0.7*(R1+Rx)*C1.

[0063] The first output circuit includes a first pulse switch Q1, a positive pulse boost circuit, and a first rectifier diode D10. The gate of the first pulse switch Q1 is connected to the first output terminal of the complementary multivibrator. A resistor R6 is connected between the gate of the first pulse switch Q1 and the first output terminal of the complementary multivibrator. The drain of the first pulse switch Q1 is connected to the same-name terminal of the primary coil L2 of the positive pulse boost circuit. The source of the first pulse switch Q1 is connected to one end of the first protection resistor, and the other end of the first protection resistor is grounded. The secondary coil of the positive pulse boost circuit is connected to the anode of the first rectifier diode D10, and the cathode of the first rectifier diode D10 is connected to the load reactor 69.

[0064] The positive pulse boost circuit includes diodes D8 and D9, capacitor C3, primary coil L2, and secondary coil L3. The anode of diode D8 is connected to the same-name terminal of primary coil L2. The cathode of diode D8 is connected to the anode of diode D9 and one end of capacitor C3. The cathode of diode D9, the opposite-name terminal of primary coil L2, and the other end of capacitor C3 are connected to the output terminal of active filter circuit APF. The same-name terminal of secondary coil L3 is connected to the anode of first rectifier diode D10. The opposite-name terminal of secondary coil L3 is grounded. Primary coil L2 and secondary coil L3 are configured in the same direction.

[0065] When the first modulation signal is at a high level, the first pulse switch Q1 closes and conducts. The primary coil L2 of the positive pulse boost circuit acts as an energy storage inductor, storing the DC current converted by the rectifier circuit in the form of magnetic energy. When the first modulation signal is at a low level, the first pulse switch Q1 opens and is cut off. The voltage polarity of the primary coil L2 of the positive pulse boost circuit changes in the opposite direction and releases the stored energy instantaneously. This causes the secondary coil L3 of the positive pulse boost circuit to generate a positive electromotive force, which in turn generates a positive pulse current that flows through the first rectifier diode D10 and rectifier diode D11 and is then supplied to the load reactor.

[0066] The second output circuit includes a second pulse switch Q2, a negative pulse boost circuit, and a second rectifier diode D11. The gate of the second pulse switch Q2 is connected to the second output terminal of the complementary multivibrator. A resistor R5 is connected between the gate of the second pulse switch Q2 and the second output terminal of the complementary multivibrator. The drain of the second pulse switch Q2 is connected to the same-name terminal of the primary coil L4 of the negative pulse boost circuit. The source of the second pulse switch Q2 is connected to one end of the second protection resistor, and the other end of the second protection resistor is grounded. The secondary coil of the negative pulse boost circuit is connected to the cathode of the second rectifier diode D11, and the anode of the second rectifier diode D11 is connected to the load reactor.

[0067] The negative pulse boost circuit includes diodes D6 and D7, capacitor C2, primary coil L4, and secondary coil L5. The anode of diode D7 is connected to the same-name terminal of primary coil L4. The cathode of diode D7 is connected to the anode of diode D6 and one end of capacitor C2. The cathode of diode D6, the opposite-name terminal of primary coil L4, and the other end of capacitor C2 are connected to the output terminal of active filter circuit APF. The opposite-name terminal of secondary coil L5 is connected to the cathode of second rectifier diode D12. The same-name terminal of secondary coil L5 is grounded. Primary coil L4 and secondary coil L5 are reversed.

[0068] When the second modulation signal is at a high level, the second pulse switch Q2 closes and conducts. The primary coil L4 of the negative pulse boost circuit acts as an energy storage inductor, storing the DC current converted by the rectifier circuit in the form of magnetic energy. When the second modulation signal is at a low level, the second pulse switch Q2 opens and is cut off. The voltage polarity of the primary coil L4 of the negative pulse boost circuit changes in the opposite direction and releases the stored energy instantaneously, causing the secondary coil L5 of the negative pulse boost circuit to generate a reverse electromotive force, which in turn generates a negative pulse current.

[0069] In this invention, the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor can be separate grounding protection resistors or they can be set as the same resistor. In this embodiment, both the first protection resistor and the second protection resistor are resistors R7.

[0070] In this embodiment, in order to further reduce the circuit size and cost, the primary coil L2 and secondary coil L3 of the positive pulse boost circuit and the primary coil L4 and secondary coil L5 of the negative pulse boost circuit can be set in the same transformer, which can effectively reduce the transformer cost and achieve the same effect.

[0071] In this embodiment, the transformer's step-up ratio is 1:50, and the transformer's power capacity design meets the following requirements:

[0072]

[0073] Among them, P T This refers to the nominal power of the transformer.

[0074] η is the transformer efficiency;

[0075] f is the frequency of the square wave in the full-bridge inverter;

[0076] B m The maximum magnetic flux density;

[0077] δ is the winding current density;

[0078] K m The fill factor for the window wires;

[0079] K c For the ferrite system number.

[0080] In this embodiment, the nominal power of the transformer is 3000W, the transformer efficiency is 95%, the full-bridge inverter square wave frequency is 40KHz, the window conductor fill factor is 0.9, and the ferrite system number is 1.0.

[0081] like Figure 8 As shown, furthermore, the primary coil L2, primary coil L4, secondary coil L3, and secondary coil L5 can be wound in segments. The secondary coils are connected to diodes D12 and D13. High-frequency, high-voltage diodes isolate each winding segment. The primary winding is wound with copper foil, and the conductors consist of 3 to 5 wires. The transformer uses... The transformer features a flattened center mirror surface, a magnetic gap ≤70μm, leakage inductance ≤0.1μH, and secondary duty cycle loss below 0.03. High-voltage positive and negative pulses are synthesized in the pulse boost transformer, reducing the probability of magnetic saturation, decreasing the core cross-sectional area, and lowering the requirements for core quality; transformer efficiency is increased by approximately 10%; and the addition of magnetic pillars in the primary and secondary windings reduces leakage inductance. The magnetic pillars on both sides provide magnetic shielding, and their anti-interference performance is far superior to that of existing power supplies.

[0082] like Figure 12As shown in the figure, the electromagnetic interference immunity test curves obtained from the power supply of this embodiment are as follows: curve a represents the peak threshold, curve b represents the baseline threshold, curve c represents the test peak curve, and curve d represents the test baseline curve. It can be seen from the figure that the difference between the electromagnetic interference immunity performance of the power supply of this embodiment and the threshold is at least 16dB, indicating that its immunity performance is far superior to other power supplies. Within the frequency range of 0.009-30MHz, its electromagnetic compatibility indicators comply with relevant domestic and international regulations.

[0083] This embodiment uses an RS flip-flop to select different peak segments of the output signal. Unlike traditional bipolar high-voltage pulse power supplies that use a microcontroller combined with two PWM waveforms for output, this invention effectively reduces circuit costs and eliminates chip program control. The appropriate pulse frequency can be adjusted by setting the resistance and capacitance values ​​of the self-excited oscillation circuit. In this embodiment, the square wave frequency is 40KHz.

[0084] Example 5:

[0085] This embodiment adds a detection sensor and a controller for feedback regulation based on embodiment 4. Specifically, a flow sensor is installed at the sewage inlet pipe to detect the sewage inflow status and transmit the sewage inflow information to the controller. A level sensor is installed in the reaction tank for level detection. When the flow sensor transmits the sewage inflow information, the controller calculates the sewage inflow height in the reaction tank and verifies it in conjunction with the level sensor. If the inflow flow is greater than the actual level height, a drain valve is checked to determine if there is a leak. When the level information transmitted by the level sensor reaches a preset value, the controller controls the positive and negative pulse drive power supply to work, generating high-voltage positive and negative pulses to discharge the inner electrode core for sewage purification. At the same time, the purification valve is opened. At this time, the sewage has already started to be purified before the level height reaches the purification outlet pipe. Therefore, as sewage continues to flow into the sewage inlet pipe, the level height continues to rise, and the water reaching the purification outlet pipe is already purified water, preventing unpurified water from flowing out of the purification outlet pipe.

[0086] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Other variations and modifications are possible without departing from the technical solutions described in the claims.

Claims

1. An apparatus for degradation of biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge, characterized in that, The equipment for degrading biochemical warfare agent by positive and negative pulse discharge comprises a positive and negative pulse driving power supply, a reactor and a sewage inlet pipe. The reactor comprises a reaction tank and an inner electrode core fixed in the reaction tank, the reaction tank is provided with the sewage inlet pipe for flowing in tap water containing biochemical warfare agent and a clean water outlet pipe connected with a clean water pool, the inner electrode core is filled with an inner stainless steel wire mesh, the inner stainless steel wire mesh is connected with the positive and negative pulse driving power supply through an insulating wire, the outer side of the reaction tank is wrapped with an outer stainless steel wire mesh connected with the ground through a wire, the reaction tank is a quartz tank, the inner electrode core is a quartz glass tube, the meshes of the inner and outer stainless steel wire meshes are variable rhombohedrons, the inner and outer electrodes are separated by a DBD double dielectric, and one end of the inner stainless steel wire mesh close to the clean water outlet pipe is provided with an inner metal clamp.

2. The equipment for degrading biochemical warfare agent by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 1, wherein the positive and negative pulse driving power supply comprises a rectifier circuit, a complementary multivibrator and a first output circuit and a second output circuit.

3. The equipment for degrading biochemical warfare agent by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 2, wherein the complementary multivibrator comprises a DC power supply, a self-oscillation circuit and an RS flip-flop, the DC power supply supplies power to the self-oscillation circuit and the RS flip-flop, the self-oscillation circuit generates a narrow pulse signal and transmits the signal to the signal input end of the RS flip-flop, the first output end of the RS flip-flop is connected with the first output circuit, and the second output end of the RS flip-flop is connected with the second output circuit.

4. The equipment for degrading biochemical warfare agent by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 3, wherein ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ The self-excitation oscillation circuit comprises a first triode, a second triode, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a first capacitor, a first diode and an adjusting resistor, the base of the second triode is connected with one end of the first capacitor and the first end of the adjusting resistor respectively, the second end of the adjusting resistor is connected with the adjusting end of the adjusting resistor and one end of the first resistor respectively, the other end of the first resistor is connected with one end of the second resistor and a direct current power supply respectively, the other end of the second resistor is connected with the emitter of the first triode, the base of the first triode is connected with the collector of the second triode, the collector of the first triode is connected with one end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the cathode of the first diode and the signal input end of the RS flip-flop respectively, the anode of the first diode, the emitter of the second triode and the other end of the third resistor are grounded, and the first diode is used for shortening the pulse edge recovery time.

5. The device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first output circuit comprises a first pulse switch, a positive pulse boost circuit and a first rectifier diode, the control end of the first pulse switch is connected with the first output end of the complementary multivibrator, the first end of the first pulse switch is connected with the primary coil of the positive pulse boost circuit, the second end of the first pulse switch is connected with one end of the first protective resistor, the other end of the first protective resistor is grounded, the secondary coil of the positive pulse boost circuit is connected with the anode of the first rectifier diode, and the cathode of the first rectifier diode is connected with the load.

6. The device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The second output circuit comprises a second pulse switch, a negative pulse boost circuit and a second rectifier diode, the control end of the second pulse switch is connected with the second output end of the complementary multivibrator, the first end of the second pulse switch is connected with the primary coil of the negative pulse boost circuit, the second end of the second pulse switch is connected with one end of the second protective resistor, the other end of the second protective resistor is grounded, the secondary coil of the negative pulse boost circuit is connected with the cathode of the second rectifier diode, and the anode of the second rectifier diode is connected with the load.

7. The device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction tank is a quartz tank, the quartz tank is divided into a main tank body and a tank cover buckled on the upper side of the main tank body, and the inner pole core comprises a quartz glass tube.

8. The device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 7, characterized in that, An upper support is fixed on the lower side of the reaction tank close to the clean water outlet pipe, a lower support is arranged on the upper side of the reaction tank close to the sewage inlet pipe, and the inner pole core is clamped between the upper support and the lower support.

9. The device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 8, characterized in that, The upper support includes an upper support cylinder and a plurality of upper support support columns fixed vertically on the upper support cylinder, the plurality of upper support support columns are symmetrical along the axis of the upper support cylinder, the inner diameter of the upper support cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pole core, the lower support includes a lower support cylinder and a plurality of lower support support columns fixed vertically on the lower support cylinder, the plurality of lower support support columns are symmetrical along the axis of the lower support cylinder, the inner diameter of the lower support cylinder is equal to the outer diameter of the inner pole core, the tank cover is provided with a tank opening, the tank opening is sleeved with a cork, the cork is provided with an inner hole, the inner pole core passes through the inner hole of the cork, the upper support cylinder and the lower support cylinder in turn, the cork is in interference fit with the inner pole core, and the outer side of the inner pole core port is provided with a falling prevention ring.

10. The device for degrading biochemical warfare agents by positive and negative pulse discharge according to claim 9, characterized in that, The inside of the reaction tank is provided with a plurality of upper support fixing blocks corresponding to the upper support support columns, and a plurality of lower support fixing blocks corresponding to the lower support support columns, the upper support fixing blocks are provided with first arc-shaped grooves, the lower support fixing blocks are provided with second arc-shaped grooves, the first arc-shaped grooves are in interference fit with the upper support support columns, and the second arc-shaped grooves are in interference fit with the lower support support columns.

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