Space environment monitoring device and space environment monitoring method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of space environment monitoring device and space environment monitoring method, space environment monitoring device includes shell, direct current motor and turntable, the outer surface of shell is equipped with multiple microswitch, direct current motor is fixed in shell and power output shaft is worn out shell and is fixedly connected with the center of turntable, the side surface of turntable close to microswitch is abutted with multiple microswitch and is used to trigger microswitch, the side surface of turntable close to microswitch is also equipped with multiple pits;Turntable is also equipped with multiple exposure holes that are arranged at equal intervals in circumferential direction, multiple sensor assembly slots that are arranged at equal intervals in circumferential direction are provided in shell, turntable can cover all sensor assembly slots or one or more sensor assembly slots is exposed from corresponding exposure hole;Wherein, when turntable is in monitoring state, corresponding microswitch enters corresponding pit and cancels triggering, at least two sensor assembly slots and at least two exposure holes are arranged one by one at this time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of space environment monitoring, and particularly relates to a space environment monitoring device and a space environment monitoring method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current research mainly takes the on-orbit passive exposure test of the material as the main means, and the active real-time monitoring is less. The space environment monitoring currently applied adopts the on-orbit passive monitoring means, and does not have the capability of active real-time monitoring data downlink. Moreover, the existing on-orbit passive monitoring device only has one sensor, and does not have the shortcomings of on-orbit exposure at the right moment and short exposure time. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve one or several technical problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a space environment monitoring device and a space environment monitoring method.

[0004] The technical scheme for solving the above technical problems is as follows: a space environment monitoring device, comprising a shell, a direct current motor and a rotating disc, a plurality of micro switches are installed on the outer surface of the shell, the direct current motor is fixed in the shell and the power output shaft penetrates out of the shell and is fixedly connected with the center of the rotating disc, the rotating disc covers the plurality of micro switches, the side surface of the rotating disc close to the micro switches abuts against the plurality of micro switches and is used for triggering the micro switches, and a plurality of pits are further arranged on the side surface of the rotating disc close to the micro switches.

[0005] A plurality of exposure holes arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction are further arranged on the rotating disc, a plurality of sensor assembly grooves arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction are arranged in the shell, environment monitoring sensors are arranged in the sensor assembly grooves, and the rotating disc can shield all the sensor assembly grooves or expose one or more sensor assembly grooves from the corresponding exposure holes; wherein when the rotating disc is in the original state to the monitoring state, all the micro switches enter the corresponding pits to cancel the triggering; when the rotating disc is in the monitoring state, the corresponding micro switches enter the corresponding pits to cancel the triggering, at least two sensor assembly grooves and two exposure holes are arranged in one-to-one correspondence at this time, and the environment monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes; when the rotating disc is in the rotating state, all the micro switches are in contact with the rotating disc and are triggered.

[0006] The space environment monitoring device of the present application can achieve the purpose of rotating exposure of the environment monitoring sensors by adopting the direct current motor to drive the rotating disc to rotate and monitoring the position of the rotating disc by the state of the micro switch, on the one hand, the on-orbit real-time monitoring time is prolonged, and on the other hand, the exposure at the right moment is realized, the environment monitoring sensors to be exposed are exposed by the rotating disc in the period when the exposure is needed, the environment monitoring sensors are shielded and protected by the rotating disc when the exposure is not needed, the exposure is not performed, and the service life of the environment monitoring sensors is prolonged.

[0007] Based on the technical scheme, the application can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Further, the shell is provided with a sensor mounting block, and a plurality of sensor assembly grooves are formed in the sensor mounting block.

[0009] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that the environmental monitoring sensors can be arranged in the sensor assembly grooves, and when any one of the environmental monitoring sensors works, the other environmental monitoring sensors can not be exposed for monitoring, thereby prolonging the service life and monitoring time of the environmental monitoring sensors.

[0010] Further, the shell is provided with a sensor mounting block, and a plurality of sensor assembly grooves are formed in the sensor mounting block.

[0011] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that the environmental monitoring sensors can be arranged in the sensor assembly grooves, and when any one of the environmental monitoring sensors works, the other environmental monitoring sensors can not be exposed for monitoring, thereby prolonging the service life and monitoring time of the environmental monitoring sensors.

[0012] Further, the shielding block is in a circular arc structure.

[0013] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that the circular arc structure facilitates the arrangement of the plurality of sensor shielding holes according to the positions of the exposure holes.

[0014] Further, the center of mass of the rotating disc is located at the center of the rotating disc.

[0015] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that the center of mass of the rotating disc is located at the center, so that the rotation is more stable.

[0016] Further, the rotating disc is provided with four exposure holes, and the shell is provided with four sensor assembly grooves; and the micro switch is three.

[0017] Further, the rotating disc is made of wear-resistant material, or the side of the rotating disc close to the micro switch has a wear-resistant layer.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the further scheme is that since the rotating disc is in contact with the shielding block and the micro switch during rotation, excessive wear is avoided.

[0019] Further, the recesses are multiple groups, and the multiple groups of recesses are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc; each group of recesses comprises two recesses, and the two recesses of each group are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotating disc; and multiple micro switches are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc, and each micro switch is arranged on the circumference of the rotating disc where a group of recesses is located.

[0020] Further, the shell further comprises a control circuit board and an acquisition circuit board, the control circuit board is connected to the acquisition circuit board in a plug-in manner, the control circuit board is electrically connected to the DC motor and the micro switch respectively, and the environmental monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the acquisition circuit board; and the control circuit board is connected to the upper computer through an RS422 interface circuit.

[0021] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that the control circuit board can communicate with the upper computer through the RS422 interface circuit and transmit data to the ground in real time.

[0022] Further, the environmental monitoring sensor comprises one reference sensor and multiple monitoring sensors, one sensor assembly groove located at the edge is provided with the reference sensor, and the reference sensor is sealed in the sensor assembly groove; and the other sensor assembly grooves are provided with monitoring sensors.

[0023] The beneficial effect of the above further scheme is that by arranging the reference sensor, the reference sensor can be used to monitor the change of the environmental temperature, and when the other monitoring sensors monitor the environmental data, the temperature change data monitored by the reference sensor can be removed, so that the measurement accuracy is more accurate and reliable.

[0024] A space environmental monitoring method is implemented by using the above space environmental monitoring device, and comprises the following steps.

[0025] The space environmental monitoring device has an in-situ state and N monitoring states, and the number of the monitoring sensors is N.

[0026] The DC motor drives the rotating disc to rotate from the in-situ state in the A direction as the rotating direction to enter the first monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor and the adjacent first monitoring sensor are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes to collect data, and after the exposure is completed, the DC motor drives the rotating disc to continue to rotate in the A direction as the rotating direction to the in-situ state;

[0027] The DC motor continues to drive the rotating disc to rotate from the in-situ state in the A direction as the rotating direction to enter the second monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor and the adjacent two monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes, the reference sensor and the second monitoring sensor arranged at intervals collect data, and after the exposure is completed, the DC motor drives the rotating disc to continue to rotate in the A direction as the rotating direction to the in-situ state.

[0028] The direct current motor continues to drive the rotating disc to rotate from the original position state with the A direction as the rotating direction, enters the third monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor and the three adjacent monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes, the reference sensor and the third monitoring sensor arranged at intervals collect data, after the exposure is finished, the direct current motor drives the rotating disc to continue to rotate with the A direction as the rotating direction to the original position state;

[0029] By analogy, the direct current motor continues to drive the rotating disc to rotate from the original position state with the A direction as the rotating direction, enters the Nth monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor and the N adjacent monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes, the reference sensor and the Nth monitoring sensor arranged at intervals collect data, after the exposure is finished, the direct current motor drives the rotating disc to continue to rotate with the A direction as the rotating direction to the original position state.

[0030] The space environment monitoring method has the advantages that the N monitoring sensors are used in turn, the monitoring time of the environmental parameters is prolonged, and the service life of each monitoring sensor is prolonged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a perspective exploded structure schematic view of the space environment monitoring device of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a perspective structure schematic view of the rotating disc of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a front view structure schematic view of the space environment monitoring device of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a perspective structure schematic view of the space environment monitoring device of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a structure schematic view of the first working state of the space environment monitoring device of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a structure schematic view of the second working state of the space environment monitoring device of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structure schematic view of the third working state of the space environment monitoring device of the present application.

[0038] In the drawings, the component list represented by each sign is as follows:

[0039] 1, shell body; 11, upper cover plate; 12, lower cover plate; 13, motor assembly groove; 14, sensor mounting block; 15, shielding block; 16, stop opening; 17, sensor assembly groove; 18, sensor shielding hole;

[0040] 2, acquisition circuit board; 3, control circuit board;

[0041] 4. Micro switch; 5. DC motor; 6. Turntable; 61. Exposure hole; 62. Recess;

[0042] 7. Reference sensor; 71. First monitoring sensor; 72. Second monitoring sensor; 73. Third monitoring sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a space environment monitoring device according to this embodiment includes a housing, a DC motor 5 and a turntable 6. Multiple microswitches 4 are installed on the outer surface of the housing. The DC motor 5 is fixed inside the housing and its power output shaft passes through the housing and is fixedly connected to the center of the turntable 6. The turntable 6 covers the multiple microswitches 4. The side of the turntable 6 near the microswitches 4 abuts against the multiple microswitches 4 and is used to trigger the microswitches 4. The side of the turntable 6 near the microswitches 4 is also provided with multiple pits 62 for identifying the state of the microswitches.

[0045] The turntable 6 is also provided with a plurality of exposure holes 61 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference. The housing is provided with a plurality of sensor mounting slots 17 arranged at equal intervals along the circumference. The sensor mounting slots 17 are equipped with environmental monitoring sensors. The turntable 6 can cover all sensor mounting slots 17 or expose one or more sensor mounting slots 17 from the corresponding exposure holes 61. When the turntable 6 is in the original position, all microswitches 4 enter the corresponding recesses 62 to cancel triggering. When the turntable 6 is in the monitoring state, the corresponding microswitches 4 enter the corresponding recesses 62 to cancel triggering. At this time, at least two sensor mounting slots 17 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two exposure holes 61, so that the environmental monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes 61. When the turntable 6 is in the rotating state, all microswitches 4 contact the turntable 6 and are triggered.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the housing in this embodiment is provided with a sensor mounting block 14, and the sensor mounting block 14 has multiple sensor assembly slots 17. The upper and lower surfaces of the sensor mounting block 14 can be flush with the upper and lower end faces of the housing, so that the depth of the sensor assembly slots 17 is maximized. Environmental monitoring sensors can be placed in the sensor assembly slots. When any one environmental monitoring sensor is working, the other environmental monitoring sensors do not need to be exposed for monitoring, thus extending the service life and monitoring duration of the environmental monitoring sensors.

[0047] like Figure 1、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in

[0048] As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 The shielding block 15 of the embodiment is in a circular arc structure. The circular arc structure facilitates the arrangement of the plurality of sensor shielding holes according to the positions of the exposure holes.

[0049] The center of mass of the rotating disc 6 is located at the center of the rotating disc 6. The center of mass of the rotating disc is located at the center, so that the rotation is more stable.

[0050] As shown in Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 The rotating disc 6 is provided with four exposure holes 61, and the shell is provided with four sensor assembly grooves 17. The micro switch 4 is three.

[0051] In one preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, the rotating disc 6 is made of wear-resistant material, or the side of the rotating disc 6 close to the micro switch 4 has a wear-resistant layer. Since the rotating disc is in contact with the shielding block and the micro switch during rotation, excessive wear is avoided.

[0052] In a further embodiment of the present embodiment, the recesses 62 are in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of recesses 62 are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc 6. Each group of recesses 62 includes two recesses, and the two recesses 62 of each group are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating disc 6. A plurality of micro switches 4 are arranged along the radial direction of the rotating disc 6, and each micro switch 4 is arranged on the circumference of a group of recesses 62. Figure 2As shown, the three microswitches can be placed on different rotation radii of the turntable 6. Corresponding to the three microswitches, three sets of recesses 62 can be set, each set including two recesses 62. The three sets of recesses 62 are located on different radii of the turntable 6, namely the inner ring recess, the outer ring recess, and the middle ring recess. The radius of the turntable where each set of recesses 62 is located is the same as the radius of the turntable where one microswitch 4 is located. When the turntable 6 is in its original position, all three microswitches 4 are inserted into one of the inner ring recesses at the radius of the turntable 6. During the rotation of the turntable 6, the three microswitches 4 are not in the recesses and are in contact with the turntable 6. When the turntable 6 rotates to the first monitoring state, one microswitch 4 located in the inner ring can be rotated into the other recess of the two inner ring recesses, while the microswitches 4 located in the middle and outer rings do not enter the corresponding recesses, i.e., they are still in contact with the turntable. When the turntable rotates to the second monitoring state, one microswitch 4 located in the middle ring can be rotated into the other recess of the two middle ring recesses, while the microswitches 4 located in the inner and outer rings do not enter the corresponding recesses, i.e., they are still in contact with the turntable. When the turntable rotates to the third monitoring state, one microswitch 4 located in the outer ring rotates into the other recess of the two outer ring recesses, while the microswitches 4 located in the inner and middle rings do not enter the corresponding recesses, i.e., they are still in contact with the turntable.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the housing in this embodiment also includes a control circuit board 3 and a data acquisition circuit board 2. The control circuit board 3 and the data acquisition circuit board 2 are connected by a plug-in interface. The control circuit board 3 is electrically connected to the DC motor 5 and the micro switch 4, respectively. The environmental monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition circuit board 2. The data acquisition circuit board 2 is mainly used to acquire the frequency of the environmental monitoring sensor. The control circuit board 3 is connected to the host computer via an RS422 interface circuit. The control circuit board can communicate with the host computer via the RS422 interface circuit and transmit data to the ground in real time.

[0054] In one specific embodiment, the environmental monitoring sensor includes a reference sensor and multiple monitoring sensors. The reference sensor is housed in one of the edge sensor assembly slots 17, which is sealed within it. Monitoring sensors are housed in the other sensor assembly slots 17. By using the reference sensor, changes in ambient temperature can be monitored. Once other monitoring sensors have collected environmental data, the temperature change data monitored by the reference sensor can be removed, resulting in more accurate and reliable measurements.

[0055] Specifically, the monitoring sensor can be a quartz crystal sensor or other types of sensors, used to monitor space environmental parameters, such as environmental parameters like pollution deposition.

[0056] One specific solution in this embodiment is as follows:Figures 1-4 As shown, the shell of the embodiment adopts a cubic structure, and the shell includes a shell body 1, an upper cover plate 11, and a lower cover plate 12, the upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12 are connected with the shell body 1 by means of a stopper 16, and the connection strength and the anti-vibration capability between the plates are enhanced. The shell adopts a plate type component, and a material with high thermal conductivity can be selected, and the plates are connected with each other by means of screws to form a box. The shell is a thin-walled structure with reinforcing ribs, which not only reduces the structural weight, but also ensures that the shell has good rigidity, strength, and processability. The shell body 1 of the embodiment adopts an integrated structure, which reduces the thermal resistance of the conduction path, and the lower cover plate 12 is in direct contact with the shell body 1, which increases the heat conduction efficiency. On the premise of ensuring the weight, the embodiment tries to increase the effective heat transfer thickness of the shell wall, and the design of the shell is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the components, and the weight reduction measures of the shell will not cut off the heat dissipation path or make the total thermal resistance of the heat sink larger. Further preferably, the material of the shell can be selected from aluminum alloy 7075. The shell body 1 is provided with a motor assembly groove 13, and the direct current motor 5 can be installed in the motor assembly groove 13.

[0057] The space environment monitoring device of the embodiment rotates the turntable by using a direct current motor, and monitors the position of the turntable by using a micro switch, so as to achieve the purpose of rotating exposure of the environmental monitoring sensor. On the one hand, the in-orbit real-time monitoring time is prolonged, and on the other hand, the exposure can be realized at the right moment. In the period when exposure is needed, the environmental monitoring sensor to be exposed is exposed by rotating the turntable, and when exposure is not needed, the environmental monitoring sensor is protected and not exposed by shielding the turntable, thereby prolonging the service life of the environmental monitoring sensor.

[0058] The embodiment also provides a space environment monitoring method, which is realized by using the above-mentioned space environment monitoring device and includes the following steps.

[0059] The space environment monitoring device has an in-situ state and N monitoring states, and the number of the monitoring sensors is N. In the in-situ state, the direct current motor 5 does not drive the turntable 6 to rotate, and the micro switch 4 enters the corresponding pit on the turntable 6 and is in a cancel trigger state. When the direct current motor 5 drives the turntable 6 to rotate, all the micro switches 4 abut against the turntable 6 and are triggered. When the turntable 6 rotates to the position where the pit 62 of the turntable 6 is correspondingly arranged with the micro switch 4, that is, when the micro switch 4 enters the pit 62, the micro switch 4 is in a closed state, and the turntable stops rotating. The positions of the turntable 6 can be judged by the different states of the micro switches 4.

[0060] As Figure 5As shown, the DC motor 5 drives the rotating disc 6 to rotate from the original position state with the A direction as the rotating direction, enters the first monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor 7 and the adjacent first monitoring sensor 71 are exposed from the corresponding exposure hole 61, data is collected, and at the same time, the micro switch 4 located in the inner circle of the rotating disc is in the corresponding pit 62, and the other micro switches 4 continue to abut against the rotating disc 6 and are in the triggered state, after the exposure is completed, the DC motor 5 drives the rotating disc 6 to continue to rotate with the A direction as the rotating direction to the original position state; at this time, the first monitoring sensor 71 ends its life.

[0061] As shown in Figure 6 , the DC motor 5 continues to drive the rotating disc 6 to rotate from the original position state with the A direction as the rotating direction, enters the second monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor 7 and the adjacent two monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure hole 61, at the same time, the micro switch 4 located in the second circle of the rotating disc is in the corresponding pit 62, and the other micro switches 4 continue to abut against the rotating disc 6 and are in the triggered state, the reference sensor and the second monitoring sensor 72 arranged at intervals collect data, after the exposure is completed, the DC motor 5 drives the rotating disc 6 to continue to rotate with the A direction as the rotating direction to the original position state; at this time, the second monitoring sensor 72 ends its life.

[0062] As shown in Figure 7 , the DC motor 5 continues to drive the rotating disc 6 to rotate from the original position state with the A direction as the rotating direction, enters the third monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor 7 and the adjacent three monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure hole 61, at the same time, the micro switch 4 located in the third circle of the rotating disc is in the corresponding pit 62, and the other micro switches 4 continue to abut against the rotating disc 6 and are in the triggered state, the reference sensor and the third monitoring sensor 73 arranged at intervals collect data, after the exposure is completed, the DC motor 5 drives the rotating disc 6 to continue to rotate with the A direction as the rotating direction to the original position state; at this time, the third monitoring sensor 73 ends its life.

[0063] By analogy, the DC motor 5 continues to drive the rotating disc 6 to rotate from the original position state with the A direction as the rotating direction, enters the Nth monitoring state, at this time, the reference sensor and the adjacent N monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure hole 61, at the same time, the micro switch 4 located in the Nth circle of the rotating disc is in the corresponding pit 62, and the other micro switches 4 continue to abut against the rotating disc 6 and are in the triggered state, the reference sensor and the Nth monitoring sensor arranged at intervals collect data, after the exposure is completed, the DC motor 5 drives the rotating disc 6 to continue to rotate with the A direction as the rotating direction to the original position state.

[0064] Among them, the A direction is that the DC motor 5 drives the rotating disc 6 to rotate in the clockwise direction or the counterclockwise direction. Figures 1-7 As shown, the space environment monitoring device has three monitoring states in total, that is, N is 3.

[0065] The space environment monitoring method of the embodiment can utilize the N monitoring sensors to work in turn, prolong the monitoring time of the environment parameters, and prolong the service life of each monitoring sensor.

[0066] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0067] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0068] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or can be integrated; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise explicitly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0069] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature "below", "under" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or only indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0070] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, the person skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limiting the present application, and those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A space environment monitoring device, characterized in that, The device includes a housing, a DC motor, and a turntable. Multiple microswitches are mounted on the outer surface of the housing. The DC motor is fixed inside the housing, and its power output shaft extends out of the housing and is fixedly connected to the center of the turntable. The turntable covers the multiple microswitches. The side of the turntable near the microswitches abuts against the multiple microswitches and is used to trigger the microswitches. Multiple recesses are also provided on the side of the turntable near the microswitches. The turntable is also provided with multiple exposure holes arranged at equal intervals along the circumference. The housing is provided with multiple sensor mounting slots arranged at equal intervals along the circumference. Environmental monitoring sensors are installed in the sensor mounting slots. The turntable can cover all sensor mounting slots or expose one or more sensor mounting slots from the corresponding exposure holes. When the turntable is in its original position, all microswitches enter the corresponding recesses to cancel triggering. When the turntable is in monitoring mode, the corresponding microswitches enter the corresponding recesses to cancel triggering. At this time, at least two sensor mounting slots are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with at least two exposure holes, so that the environmental monitoring sensors are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes. When the turntable is rotating, all microswitches contact the turntable and are triggered.

2. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing contains a sensor mounting block, which has multiple sensor assembly slots.

3. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the housing is also provided with a shielding block. The shielding block is located between the turntable and the outer surface of the housing and is in contact with the turntable. The shielding block is provided with a plurality of sensor shielding holes arranged at equal intervals along the upper circumference. The plurality of sensor shielding holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of sensor assembly slots.

4. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The blocking block has an arc-shaped structure.

5. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center of mass of the turntable is located at the center of the turntable; the turntable is made of wear-resistant material, or the side of the turntable near the micro switch has a wear-resistant layer.

6. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The turntable has four exposure holes, and the housing has four sensor mounting slots; there are three microswitches.

7. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pits are in multiple groups, arranged radially along the turntable; each group contains two pits, and the two pits in each group are spaced apart circumferentially along the turntable; multiple microswitches are arranged radially along the turntable, and each microswitch is correspondingly set on the circumference of the turntable where a group of pits is located.

8. The space environment monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing also includes a control circuit board and a data acquisition circuit board. The control circuit board and the data acquisition circuit board are connected by plug-in connection. The control circuit board is electrically connected to the DC motor and the micro switch respectively. The environmental monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the data acquisition circuit board. The control circuit board is connected to the host computer through an RS422 interface circuit.

9. A space environment monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring sensor includes a reference sensor and multiple monitoring sensors. The reference sensor is located in one of the sensor assembly slots at the edge of the multiple sensor assembly slots and is sealed in the sensor assembly slot. The monitoring sensors are located in the other sensor assembly slots.

10. A method for monitoring the space environment, characterized in that, The space environment monitoring device described in claim 9 is used to achieve this, comprising the following steps: The space environment monitoring device has an in-situ state and N monitoring states, and the number of monitoring sensors is N; The DC motor drives the turntable to rotate from its original position in the direction of rotation A, entering the first monitoring state. At this time, the reference sensor and the adjacent first monitoring sensor are exposed from the corresponding exposure holes to collect data. After the exposure ends, the DC motor drives the turntable to continue rotating in the direction of rotation A back to its original position. The DC motor continues to drive the turntable to rotate from its original position in the direction of rotation A, entering the second monitoring state. At this time, the reference sensor and two adjacent monitoring sensors are exposed from their corresponding exposure holes. The reference sensor and the second monitoring sensors set at intervals collect data. After the exposure ends, the DC motor drives the turntable to continue rotating in the direction of rotation A back to its original position. The DC motor continues to drive the turntable to rotate from its original position in the direction of rotation A, entering the third monitoring state. At this time, the reference sensor and three adjacent monitoring sensors are exposed from their corresponding exposure holes. The reference sensor and the third monitoring sensor set at intervals collect data. After the exposure ends, the DC motor drives the turntable to continue rotating in the direction of rotation A back to its original position. Similarly, the DC motor continues to drive the turntable to rotate from its original position in the direction of A, entering the Nth monitoring state. At this time, the reference sensor and the N adjacent monitoring sensors are exposed from their corresponding exposure holes. The reference sensor and the Nth monitoring sensor set at intervals collect data. After the exposure ends, the DC motor drives the turntable to continue rotating in the direction of A back to its original position.

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