A particle material impact wear testing machine

Abstract

A particle material impact wear testing machine includes a rotating wheel, a fixed wheel, and a fixed bracket. The rotating wheel is coaxially sleeved on the fixed wheel, and the rotating wheel can rotate relative to the fixed wheel around the center through a driving mechanism. The interiors of both the rotating wheel and the fixed wheel are hollow. Inside the rotating wheel, a plurality of partition blades extending radially are symmetrically arranged around the rotation axis. The partition blades divide the inner cavity of the rotating wheel into a plurality of material lifting chambers along the circumferential direction. An opening is provided on one side of each material lifting chamber facing the fixed wheel. The inner cavity of the fixed wheel is a testing area. A circulating feed hopper is provided at the top of the fixed wheel, and a circulating discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fixed wheel. The material lifting chambers are communicated with the circulating feed hopper and the circulating discharge port. A sample support structure is arranged in the testing area. A sample clamp is provided at the top of the sample support structure. The outlet of the material guiding channel is arranged directly above the sample clamp. The present invention realizes the process of simulating the continuous impact of abrasive on the sample through the same batch of abrasive, reducing the waste amount of particulate material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a particle material impact wear testing machine. Background Art

[0002] Impact wear is one of the main wear forms of particle materials on equipment. Impact wear refers to the phenomenon of material loss or spalling on the surface of an object caused by repeated impacts between two objects, and it is one of the main failure forms of workpieces. For example, 1. The transportation of ores requires the use of equipment such as conveyors and bucket elevators. These equipment need to withstand the impact of ores during the transportation process, which is prone to cause wear of the equipment; 2. During the processing of ores, equipment such as ball mills are required. These equipment are constantly impacted by ores during the processing process and are prone to wear. The wear of mining and mineral processing equipment caused by impact wear will not only cause frequent replacement of vulnerable parts of mineral processing and handling equipment, increase maintenance costs, but also reduce the operating efficiency of the equipment and increase the downtime. Therefore, it is very necessary to study impact wear.

[0003] Existing impact wear testing machines can be roughly divided into: servo motor - electromagnet type, lever type, spring cylinder type, free fall type, air gun injection type according to their structures. Most of these machines are developed by experimenters or companies themselves, and the working conditions they can simulate are different. There are problems such as low automation, low efficiency, and inability to control the intensity of impact wear. However, there is no simulation test device that can truly simulate the wear of mining and mineral processing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a particle material impact wear testing machine that can more truly simulate the abrasive conveying and processing process, realize the recycling of particle materials, and reduce the waste amount of particle materials to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention first proposes a particle material impact wear testing machine, including a rotating wheel, a fixed wheel, and a fixed bracket. The fixed wheel is fixed to the ground through the fixed bracket. The rotating wheel is annular, the inner diameter of the rotating wheel matches the outer diameter of the fixed wheel, the rotating wheel is coaxially sleeved on the fixed wheel, and the rotating wheel can rotate relative to the fixed wheel around the center. The rotating wheel is driven to rotate by a driving mechanism. The interiors of both the rotating wheel and the fixed wheel are hollow. Inside the rotating wheel, a plurality of radially extending partition blades are symmetrically arranged around the rotation axis. The partition blades divide the inner cavity of the rotating wheel into a plurality of material lifting cavities along the circumferential direction. Each material lifting cavity is provided with an opening on the side facing the fixed wheel. The inner cavity of the fixed wheel is a testing area. A circulating feed hopper is provided at the top of the fixed wheel, a circulating discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fixed wheel, a switchable protective door is provided in the middle of the side of the fixed wheel and communicates with the testing area, and a feeding and discharging mechanism is provided at the top of the side of the fixed wheel and is connected to the inlet of the circulating feed hopper. When the material lifting cavity in the rotating wheel rotates to the inlet of the circulating feed hopper and the circulating discharge port, the material lifting cavity communicates with the circulating feed hopper and the circulating discharge port. The outlet of the circulating feed hopper communicates with the testing area through a guiding channel. A sample support structure is arranged in the testing area, a sample clamp is provided at the top of the sample support structure, and the outlet of the guiding channel is arranged directly above the sample clamp.

[0006] In this embodiment, the protective door is made of a transparent material.

[0007] In this embodiment, the rotating wheel includes a first housing, the fixed wheel includes a second housing, and the two side walls of the first housing are respectively connected to the outer wall of the second housing through bearings.

[0008] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism includes a motor and a friction wheel. Two friction wheels are fixed on the ground. The friction wheels are parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating wheel. The two friction wheels are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating wheel and are in contact with the outer wall of the first housing of the rotating wheel. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the rotation axis of one of the friction wheels. By driving the friction wheel to rotate through the motor, the rotating wheel is driven to rotate.

[0009] In this embodiment, a dust suction hole communicating with the testing area is further provided on the side wall of the fixed wheel.

[0010] In this embodiment, crushing material collection boxes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circulating discharge port inside the fixed wheel. The top of the crushing material collection box is a sieve plate and a closed collection cavity is formed inside. The sieve plate is inclined towards the circulating discharge port. A dust removal port communicating with the collection cavity is provided on the side of the fixed wheel, and a detachable closing door is installed on the dust removal port.

[0011] In this embodiment, the feeding and discharging mechanism includes a feeding channel and a discharging channel. The feeding channel is provided with a feeding port, a first outlet and a second outlet. The first outlet and the second outlet of the feeding channel are close to each other. The first outlet of the feeding channel is communicated with the inlet of the circulating feeding hopper, and the second outlet is connected to the inlet of the discharging channel. A guiding flap is arranged in the feeding channel. One end of the guiding flap is hinged between the first outlet and the second outlet of the discharging channel, and the other end is a free moving end. In the feeding state, the guiding flap rotates around the hinge point into the feeding channel to close the second outlet. In the discharging state, the guiding flap rotates around the hinge point into the circulating feeding hopper to close the inlet of the circulating feeding hopper.

[0012] In this embodiment, the sample support structure includes a sample clamp, a lifting mechanism and an angle adjusting mechanism. The lifting mechanism is fixed inside the fixed wheel. The angle adjusting mechanism is fixed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism. The sample clamp is fixed on the moving end of the angle adjusting mechanism.

[0013] In this embodiment, at least one vertically arranged baffle is provided on the top surface of the sample clamp. The baffle divides the sample clamp into multiple sample placement areas, and a force sensor is provided at the bottom of each sample placement area.

[0014] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism includes a top plate, a lifting arm, a lead screw and a base. The top plate is connected to the base through the lifting arm. The lifting arm is driven by the lead screw to lift. A guide rail is fixed above the circulating discharge port inside the fixed wheel. A clamping groove matching the guide rail is provided at the bottom of the base. The base is fixed on the guide rail through the clamping groove, and the position of the base on the guide rail can be adjusted through the clamping groove.

[0015] The angle adjusting mechanism includes a support seat and an angle disk. The support seat is fixed on the top plate. A semi-circular angle disk is fixed at the bottom of the sample clamp. The angle disk is vertically arranged with the sample clamp. The bottom of the sample clamp is hinged to the top of the support seat. Scales corresponding to the rotation angle are provided on the angle disk. Positioning holes corresponding to the scales are provided on the angle disk. Pin holes corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle disk are provided on the support seat. The rotation angle of the sample clamp around the support seat is fixed by inserting pins into the positioning holes and the pin holes.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The device is provided with a fixed wheel, a rotating wheel, and a sample fixture. When conducting the impact wear test on the sample, the abrasive accurately falls from the top of the fixed wheel onto the sample in the sample fixture through the feeding channel, and then the abrasive falls into the material lifting chamber from the circulating discharge port. Through the uniform rotation of the rotating wheel, the abrasive is transported back to the circulating feeding hopper at the top of the fixed wheel through the material lifting chamber and then re-enters the feeding channel from the circulating feeding hopper. In this way, through the same batch of abrasives, the process of continuously impacting the sample by the simulated abrasives is realized, greatly reducing the waste amount of the abrasives. There is no need to set up a separate storage space for the abrasives, reducing the volume of the mechanism. During the whole process, the abrasives are always inside the machine without contacting the outside world, reducing the dust emission and protecting the environment of the experimental site.

[0018] 2. The sample support structure of the device can realize lifting and angle adjustment. When conducting the impact wear test, the impact of the abrasives on the sample at different angles can be simulated by rotating the angle adjustment mechanism, and the impact force can be adjusted by the lifting mechanism, thus improving the simulation range of the testing machine.

[0019] 3. By setting up the feeding and discharging mechanism, the two actions of feeding and discharging of the feeding and discharging mechanism are realized through the guiding flap. In this way, there is no need to set up a separate loading and unloading device. The loading and unloading actions do not require additional motor drive, the structure is simple and reliable, reducing the volume of the device and saving energy consumption.

[0020] In summary, on the one hand, this device can simulate the working conditions of impacts at different angles, and the simulated working conditions are more in line with the process of abrasive transportation and treatment. On the other hand, it can be well applied to the heavy-load impact wear experiment, realizing the recycling of abrasives, greatly reducing the waste amount of abrasives, saving energy consumption. During the whole testing process, the abrasives are always inside the machine, greatly reducing the dust emission. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is the longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is the three-dimensional view of the sample support structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 is the front view of the sample support structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is the structure diagram of the feeding state of the feeding and discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the discharging state of the feeding and discharging mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] In the accompanying drawings, 1, runner; 11, first housing; 12, partition blade; 13, material lifting chamber; 2, fixed wheel; 21, second housing; 22, circulating feeding hopper; 23, material guiding channel; 24, broken material collecting box; 25, collecting chamber; 26, guide rail; 27, protective door; 28, circulating discharging port; 29, dust removal port; 3, fixed bracket; 4, driving mechanism; 41, motor; 42, friction wheel; 5, feeding and discharging mechanism; 51, feeding channel; 52, discharging channel; 53, material guiding device; 531, material guiding flap; 54, feeding port; 55, discharging port; 6, sample support structure; 61, sample clamp; 611, clamping plate; 62, baffle; 63, lifting mechanism; 631, top plate; 632, lifting arm; 633, lead screw; 634, guiding device; 635, base; 636, clamping groove; 64, angle adjusting mechanism; 641, angle plate; 642, support seat; 643, plug pin; 7, sample. Specific embodiments

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the protection scope required by the present invention.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1-7, a particle material impact wear testing machine, comprising a rotating wheel 1, a fixed wheel 2 and a fixed bracket 3. The fixed wheel 2 is fixed to the ground through the fixed bracket 3. The rotating wheel 1 is annular, and the inner diameter of the rotating wheel 1 matches the outer diameter of the fixed wheel 2. The rotating wheel 1 is coaxially sleeved on the fixed wheel 2 and can rotate relative to the fixed wheel 2 around the center. The rotating wheel 1 is rotated by a driving mechanism 4 (in this embodiment, the rotating wheel 1 includes a first housing 11, and the fixed wheel 2 includes a second housing 21. The two side walls of the first housing 11 are respectively connected to the outer wall of the second housing 21 through bearings; this enables the rotating wheel 1 to rotate stably on the fixed wheel 2). The interiors of both the rotating wheel 1 and the fixed wheel 2 are hollow. A plurality of radially extending partition blades 12 are symmetrically arranged in the rotating wheel 1 with the rotation axis as the center. The partition blades 12 divide the inner cavity of the rotating wheel 1 into a plurality of material lifting chambers 13 along the circumferential direction. An opening is formed on the side of the material lifting chamber 13 facing the fixed wheel 2 (in this embodiment, the rotating wheel 1 only has an outer wall and side walls, and no inner wall. The partition blades 12 are welded to the outer wall and the two side plates respectively, thereby forming a material lifting chamber 13 with an opening on one side. Moreover, the side of the partition blade 12 close to the fixed wheel 2 is bent along the circumferential direction to form an arc plate, and the bending direction of the arc plate is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating wheel 1). The inner cavity of the fixed wheel 2 is a test area for impact wear testing. A circulating feed hopper 22 is provided at the top of the fixed wheel 2, a circulating discharge port 28 is provided at the bottom of the fixed wheel 2, and an openable protective door 27 is provided in the middle of the side of the fixed wheel 2 and communicates with the test area. A dust suction hole communicating with the test area is also provided on the side wall of the fixed wheel 2. In this embodiment, the protective door 27 is made of a transparent material (such as glass). An inlet and outlet mechanism 5 is provided at the top of the side of the fixed wheel 2 and is connected to the inlet of the circulating feed hopper 22. The inlet of the circulating feed hopper 22 and the circulating discharge port 28 both communicate with the material lifting chamber 13. The outlet of the circulating feed hopper 22 communicates with the test area through a guide channel 23. A sample support structure 6 is provided in the test area. A sample clamp 61 is provided at the top of the sample support structure 6. The guide channel 23 is provided directly above the sample clamp 61;

[0032] Inside the fixed wheel 2, crushing material collection boxes 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circulating discharge port 28. The top of the crushing material collection box 24 is a sieve plate, and a collection cavity 25 is formed inside. The sieve plate is inclined, so that large-particle materials can be introduced into the circulating discharge port 28, while smaller broken particles that do not meet the test requirements enter the collection cavity 25 through the sieve plate. A dust removal port 29 communicating with the collection cavity 25 is provided on the side of the fixed wheel 2. A detachable closing door is installed on the dust removal port 29. When in use, the closing door is opened, and a vacuum cleaner is directly connected to the dust removal port 29 to discharge the broken materials in the collection cavity 25.

[0033] Such as Figure 4 、5 As shown, the sample support structure 6 includes a sample fixture 61, a lifting mechanism 63, and an angle adjustment mechanism 64. At least one vertically arranged baffle 62 is provided on the top surface of the sample fixture 61. The baffle 62 divides the sample fixture 61 into multiple sample placement areas. A force sensor is provided at the bottom of each sample placement area. The sample fixture 61 is provided with multiple clamping plates 611 in each sample placement area. Fixing holes are provided on the clamping plates 611. After the sample is placed in the sample placement area, it can be fixed by the clamping plates 611, and the sample is further locked in the sample placement area by passing a set screw through the fixing hole to prevent the sample from moving.

[0034] The lifting mechanism 63 includes a top plate 631, a lifting arm 632, a lead screw 633, a guiding device 634, and a base 635. The lifting arm 632 has four sections and is hinged to form a rhombic scissor structure. The bottom end of the lifting arm 632 is hinged to the base 635, and the top end of the lifting arm 632 is hinged to the top plate 631. The middle part of the lifting arm 632 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 633 at each two-hinged position along the diagonal of the rhombus. In this way, by rotating the lead screw 633, the lifting arm 632 can be moved between the raised state and the retracted state to achieve the lifting function. The guiding device 634 is installed between the top plate and the base to ensure the stability of the top plate during lifting. A guide rail 26 is fixed above the circulating discharge port 28 inside the fixed wheel 2. A clamping groove 636 matching the guide rail 26 is provided at the bottom of the base 635. The base 635 is fixed on the guide rail 26 through the clamping groove 636, and the position of the base 635 on the guide rail 26 can be adjusted through the clamping groove 636.

[0035] The angle adjustment mechanism 64 includes a support base 642 and an angle disk 641. The support base 642 is fixed on the top plate 631. A semi-circular angle disk 641 is fixed at the bottom of the sample fixture 61. The angle disk 641 is vertically arranged with the sample fixture 61. The bottom of the sample fixture 61 is hinged to the top of the support base 642. Scales corresponding to the rotation angle are provided on the angle disk 641. Positioning holes corresponding to the scales are provided on the angle disk 641. Pin holes corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle disk 641 are provided on the support base 642. The rotation angle of the sample fixture 61 around the support base 642 is fixed by inserting a pin 643 into the positioning hole and the pin hole.

[0036] The feeding and discharging mechanism 5 includes a feeding channel 51 and a discharging channel 52. The feeding channel 51 is provided with a feeding port 54, a first outlet and a second outlet. The horizontal height of the feeding port 54 is higher than that of the first outlet and the second outlet. The first outlet and the second outlet of the feeding channel 51 are close to each other. The first outlet of the feeding channel 51 is communicated with the inlet of the circulating feeding hopper 22, and the second outlet is connected with the inlet of the discharging channel 52. The discharging port of the discharging channel 52 is arranged at a position close to the ground. A material guiding device 53 is arranged in the feeding channel 51. The material guiding device 53 includes a material guiding flap 531 and a push rod for conveniently rotating the material guiding flap 531. One end of the material guiding flap 531 is hinged between the first outlet and the second outlet of the discharging channel 52. As Figure 6 , 7 shown, in the feeding state, the push rod drives the flap 531 to rotate around the hinge point into the feeding channel 51 to close the second outlet. In the discharging state, the push rod drives the material guiding flap 531 to rotate around the hinge point into the circulating feeding hopper 22 to close the inlet of the circulating feeding hopper 22. The feeding and discharging of the feeding and discharging mechanism 5 are realized by a set of devices of the material guiding flap 531.

[0037] The driving mechanism 4 includes a motor 41 and a friction wheel 42. Two friction wheels 42 are fixed on the ground. The friction wheels 42 are parallel to the rotating shaft of the runner 1. The two friction wheels 42 are respectively arranged on both sides of the runner 1 and are in contact with the runner 1. The output shaft of the motor 41 is connected with the rotating shaft of one of the friction wheels 42. The motor 41 drives the friction wheel 42 to rotate, so as to drive the runner 1 to rotate.

[0038] Working principle:

[0039] In use, first, weigh the sample and take a photo to ensure that there is no debris on the plane of the sample fixture 61. Open the protective door 27, install the sample on the sample fixture 61. The optional sizes of the sample are 300×300mm or two samples of 150×300mm (when there are two or more samples, a sample fixture 61 with a partition is required. The partition divides the sample fixture 61 into two sample placement areas matching the sample size, so as to realize independent tests of multiple samples). The sample size can also be adjusted according to actual needs. Ensure that the sample is horizontal and the locking bolt is tightened. The force sensor will collect the impact force shown by the sample during the experiment. Then adjust the angle adjustment mechanism 64 to adjust the inclination angle of the sample fixture 61. After the angle selection is completed, lock the inclination angle of the sample fixture 61 through the pin 643. Then rotate the lead screw 633 to lift the sample fixture 61 to the specified height, and close the protective door 27.

[0040] Record the initial mass of the granular material. Rotate the guiding and turning flap 531 so that the feeding and discharging mechanism 5 is in the feeding state. Turn on the driving mechanism 4 and control the slow rotation of the runner 1. Use a forklift to pour the granular material from the feeding port 54 of the feeding and discharging mechanism 5. Then connect the dust suction hole to the dust suction equipment. After the feeding process is completed, adjust the speed of the runner 1 to the speed required for the impact test and maintain uniform rotation, waiting for the end of the experimental period.

[0041] After the impact wear test is completed, in the unloading stage, adjust the speed of the runner 1 so that the runner 1 rotates slowly. Place a collector for the material under the feeding and discharging mechanism 5. Rotate the guiding and turning flap 531 so that the feeding and discharging mechanism 5 is in the discharging state. The granular material enters the granular material collector through the feeding and discharging mechanism 5. Record the mass of the granular material after the experiment is completed. After ensuring that the unloading of the granular material is completed, stop the driving mechanism 4. After ensuring that there is no obvious dust in the test area, turn off the external dust suction equipment, open the protective door 27, take out the sample, wash, dry it, weigh it, record and take pictures. Open the dust removal port 29 to remove the fine granular material in the debris collection box 24 and weigh it. Analyze this impact wear test by comparing the weights and surface wear conditions of the samples before and after, and combining the impact force data recorded by the force sensor.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made under the concept of the present invention by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A particle material impact wear testing machine, characterized in that: It includes a rotating wheel (1), a fixed wheel (2) and a fixed bracket (3). The fixed wheel (2) is fixed on the ground through the fixed bracket (3). The rotating wheel (1) is annular. The inner diameter of the rotating wheel (1) matches the outer diameter of the fixed wheel (2). The rotating wheel (1) is coaxially sleeved on the fixed wheel (2), and the rotating wheel (1) is driven by a driving mechanism (4) to rotate relative to the fixed wheel (2) around the central axis. The interiors of both the rotating wheel (1) and the fixed wheel (2) are hollow. Inside the rotating wheel (1), a plurality of partition blades (12) extending radially are symmetrically arranged around the rotation axis. The partition blades (12) divide the inner cavity of the rotating wheel (1) into a plurality of material lifting cavities (13) in the circumferential direction. An opening is provided on one side of each material lifting cavity (13) facing the fixed wheel (2). The inner cavity of the fixed wheel (2) is a test area for impact wear testing. A circulating feed hopper (22) is provided at the top of the fixed wheel (2), and a circulating discharge port (28) is provided at the bottom of the fixed wheel (2). A switchable protective door (27) is provided in the middle of the side of the fixed wheel (2) and communicates with the test area. An inlet and outlet mechanism (5) is provided at the top of the side of the fixed wheel (2) and is connected to the inlet of the circulating feed hopper (22). When the material lifting cavity (13) in the rotating wheel (1) rotates above the inlet of the circulating feed hopper (22) and below the circulating discharge port (28), the material lifting cavity (13) communicates with the circulating feed hopper (22) and the circulating discharge port (28). The outlet of the circulating feed hopper (22) communicates with the test area through a material guiding channel (23). A sample support structure (6) is provided in the test area. A sample clamp (61) is provided at the top of the sample support structure (6). The outlet of the material guiding channel (23) is provided directly above the sample clamp (61).

2. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective door (27) is made of a transparent material.

3. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating wheel (1) includes a first housing (11), and the fixed wheel (2) includes a second housing (21). The two side walls of the first housing (11) are respectively connected to the outer wall of the second housing (21) through bearings.

4. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) includes a motor (41) and a friction wheel (42). Two friction wheels (42) are fixed on the ground. The friction wheels (42) are arranged parallel to the rotation axis of the rotating wheel (1). The two friction wheels (42) are respectively arranged on both sides of the rotating wheel (1) and are in contact with the outer wall of the first housing (11) of the rotating wheel (1). The output shaft of the motor (41) is connected to the rotation axis of one of the friction wheels (42). The motor (41) drives the friction wheel (42) to rotate, thereby driving the rotating wheel (1) to rotate.

5. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: A dust suction hole communicating with the test area is further provided on the side wall of the fixed wheel (2).

6. The impact wear testing machine for granular materials according to claim 1, wherein: Inside the fixed wheel (2), crushing material collection boxes (24) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the circulating discharge port (28). The top of the crushing material collection box (24) is a sieve plate, and a closed collection cavity (25) is formed inside. The sieve plate is inclined towards the circulating discharge port (28). A dust removal port (29) communicating with the collection cavity (25) is arranged on the side surface of the fixed wheel (2), and a detachable closing door is installed on the dust removal port (29).

7. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 1, wherein: The feeding and discharging mechanism (5) includes a feeding channel (51) and a discharging channel (52). The feeding channel (51) is provided with a feeding port (54), a first outlet, and a second outlet. The first outlet of the feeding channel (51) is communicated with the inlet of the circulating feeding hopper (22), and the second outlet is connected to the inlet of the discharging channel (52). A guiding flap (531) is arranged inside the feeding channel (51). One end of the guiding flap (531) is hinged between the first outlet and the second outlet of the discharging channel (52), and the other end is a freely movable end. In the feeding state, the guiding flap (531) rotates around the hinge point into the feeding channel (51) to close the second outlet. In the discharging state, the guiding flap (531) rotates around the hinge point into the circulating feeding hopper (22) to close the inlet of the circulating feeding hopper (22).

8. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The sample support structure (6) includes a sample clamp (61), a lifting mechanism (63), and an angle adjustment mechanism (64). The lifting mechanism (63) is fixed inside the fixed wheel (2), the angle adjustment mechanism (64) is fixed on the lifting end of the lifting mechanism, and the sample clamp (61) is fixed on the movable end of the angle adjustment mechanism (64).

9. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 8, wherein: At least one vertically arranged baffle (62) is arranged on the top surface of the sample clamp (61). The baffle (62) divides the sample clamp (61) into multiple sample placement areas, and force sensors are arranged at the bottom of each sample placement area.

10. The particle material impact wear testing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (63) includes a top plate (631), a lifting arm (632), a lead screw (633), and a base (635). The top plate (631) is connected to the base (635) through the lifting arm (632). The lifting arm (632) is driven to lift by the lead screw (633). A guide rail is fixed above the circulating discharge port (28) inside the fixed wheel (2). A clamping groove matching the guide rail is arranged at the bottom of the base (635), and the base (635) is fixed on the guide rail through the clamping groove; The angle adjustment mechanism (64) includes a support base (642) and an angle disk (641). The support base (642) is fixed on the top plate (631). A semi-circular angle disk (641) is fixed to the bottom of the sample clamp (61). The angle disk (641) is arranged perpendicular to the sample clamp (61). The bottom of the sample clamp (61) is hinged to the top of the support base (642). The angle disk (641) is provided with scales corresponding to the rotation angle. Positioning holes are provided at positions corresponding to the scales on the angle disk (641). Pin holes corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle disk (641) are provided on the support base (642).

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