Floating clamp vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating clamp body vertical assembly device suitable for assembling automobile subframe bushings, which includes a movable bracket, a vertical clamp body arranged in front of the movable bracket, an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head coaxially arranged on the upper and lower ends of the front groove of the vertical clamp body, a pressure head driving mechanism installed on the upper end of the front groove of the vertical clamp body and used for driving the upper pressure head to move, an introduction mechanism installed between the movable bracket and the vertical clamp body and used for driving the vertical clamp body to move so that the lower pressure head is introduced into the bottom of a floating positioning tool for positioning the sleeve, and a buffer floating mechanism used to keep the vertical clamp body in a floating state with slight shaking during the bushing pressing process. The buffer floating mechanism consists of a spherical bearing arranged on the middle part of the vertical clamp body and upper and lower floating components arranged on the upper and lower ends of the vertical clamp body. The cooperation of the spherical bearing and the upper and lower floating components puts the vertical clamp body in a front, back, left and right micro-movement floating adjustment state, so that the bushing pressing is in the best state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to automobile subframe bushing assembly equipment in the technical field of automation equipment, in particular to a floating clamp body vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly. Background Art

[0002] Currently, automotive subframes are increasingly used in vehicles. They not only serve as intermediate connections but also provide shock absorption and cushioning, enhancing vehicle comfort. Like the connecting rods and control arms in a vehicle's steering system, subframes require bushings. Bushings are rubber-to-metal components that cushion and absorb vibrations from the ground and vehicle body. Their primary functions are shock absorption, noise isolation, fatigue reduction, and increased vehicle life. They play a crucial role in vehicle operational stability, enhancing driver comfort and driving stability.

[0003] During the assembly of automobile subframes on the production line, bushing assembly is a key process. Some automobile subframes may only require four bushings in the Z-axis direction, while others may require bushings in both the X-axis and Y-axis directions. In the past, direct press-fitting of bushings in the Z-axis direction was typically done using a jack or hydraulic station. However, due to manual operation of the press-fitting equipment, the efficiency of bushing press-fitting still needs to be improved. Because automobile subframes are relatively large, thin-walled parts, deformation is inevitable during production. Bushings are difficult to center during press-fitting and cannot be completely concentric with the sleeves of the product, resulting in bushing deviation, damage, and substandard press-fit dimensions. Press-fitting stability and consistency are poor, and quality cannot be guaranteed. There are also defects such as misalignment of the bushing center shaft, or bushing trimming and fracturing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a floating clamp body vertical assembly device suitable for the assembly of automobile subframe bushings, which can make the clamp body in a floating state with slight shaking, and the clamp body has an angle that adapts to the sleeve of the product, thereby realizing automatic alignment of the bushing and the sleeve, thereby ensuring that the bushing will not be cut during press fitting, and realizing damage-free press fitting of the bushing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a floating clamp body vertical assembly device suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly, which is used to press-fit a bushing with an axial center hole, which includes a movable bracket, a vertical clamp body arranged in front of the movable bracket, an upper pressure head and a lower pressure head coaxially and relatively arranged on the upper and lower ends of the front groove of the vertical clamp body, a pressure head driving mechanism installed on the upper end of the front groove of the vertical clamp body and used to drive the upper pressure head to move vertically and linearly, the movable end of the pressure head driving mechanism is connected to the upper pressure head to push the upper pressure head to press the bushing into the sleeve of the product, and is characterized in that: the device also includes a movable bracket installed on the An introduction mechanism is provided between the vertical pliers body and used to drive the vertical linear motion of the vertical pliers body to guide the lower pressure head into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve used to position the product; a buffer floating mechanism is provided to keep the vertical pliers body in a floating state with slight shaking during the bushing pressing process. The buffer floating mechanism is mainly composed of a spherical bearing arranged on the middle part of the vertical pliers body, an upper floating assembly arranged on the upper end of the vertical pliers body, and a lower floating assembly arranged on the lower end of the vertical pliers body. The cooperation of the spherical bearing, the upper floating assembly and the lower floating assembly enables the vertical pliers body to be in a front-back, left-right micro-floating adjustment state, so that the bushing pressing is in the best state.

[0006] The introduction mechanism is mainly composed of a vertical slide arranged between the front end of the movable bracket and the rear end of the vertical clamp body, a slide driving mechanism for driving the vertical slide to slide vertically relative to the movable bracket to drive the vertical clamp body to move vertically linearly so that the down-pressing head is introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tool for positioning the sleeve of the product, and a limiting mechanism arranged between the front end of the vertical slide and the vertical clamp body and used to limit the vertical clamp body from displacement in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide. The rear end of the vertical slide is connected to the front end of the movable bracket by a first linear guide pair. Here, the linear guide of the first linear guide pair is vertically installed on the front end of the movable bracket, and the slider of the first linear guide pair is installed on the rear end of the vertical slide. Since the movable bracket has a relatively large area, a double-track structure can be set, and the slider can adopt two groups of upper and lower sliders; the vertical slide is used to drive the vertical clamp body to move relative to the movable bracket, so that the lower pressure head is introduced into the sleeve of the product; the limiting mechanism plays the role of connecting the vertical slide and the vertical clamp body, and at the same time can ensure that the vertical clamp body will not be displaced in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide.

[0007] The slide drive mechanism includes a sliding drive cylinder, a cylinder fixing plate, and an adapter plate. The cylinder fixing plate is horizontally mounted between the two side plates of the movable bracket, and the sliding drive cylinder is vertically mounted on the cylinder fixing plate. A vertical elongated through-hole is provided on the front end plate of the movable bracket. The cylinder rod of the sliding drive cylinder is connected to one end of the adapter plate, and the other end of the adapter plate passes through the vertical elongated through-hole and connects to the rear end of the vertical slide. The present invention only describes one type of slide drive mechanism; other existing drive mechanisms capable of driving a vertical slide to slide vertically may also be used. The cylinder rod of the sliding drive cylinder can be facing upward or downward, and the sliding drive cylinder can be installed according to the internal space conditions of the movable bracket.

[0008] The limiting mechanism includes two limiting brackets, two fixing rings, a shaft, and a bearing. The two limiting brackets are arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the vertical slide. The bearing sleeve is arranged outside the middle part of the shaft. A shaft hole is opened on the middle part of the vertical clamp body and passes through the left and right sides of the vertical clamp body. The shaft passes through the shaft hole. The bearing fits with the hole wall of the shaft hole. There is a gap between the shaft and the hole wall of the shaft hole. The shaft end passes through the front of the limiting bracket and is fixed by the fixing ring. Since the bearing fits with the hole wall of the shaft hole, the vertical clamp body will not be displaced in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide. Since there is a gap between the shaft and the hole wall of the shaft hole, and the shaft end passes through the front of the limiting bracket and is fixed by the fixing ring, a slight left and right shaking will be generated when force is applied to both sides of the upper or lower end of the vertical clamp body.

[0009] The bearing is a spherical bearing equipped with a bearing restraining assembly comprising a press sleeve and two retaining rings. The shaft hole is a stepped hole, and the press sleeve is disposed within the larger diameter hole of the stepped hole. One end of the spherical bearing is restrained by the step of the stepped hole, and the other end of the spherical bearing is restrained by the press sleeve, so that the spherical bearing is axially restrained between the step of the stepped hole and the press sleeve. The retaining rings are fitted on both sides of the shaft and are restrained between the spherical bearing and the front inner side of the limiting bracket. The spherical bearing is precisely located at the center of gravity of the vertical caliper. The step of the stepped hole, the press sleeve, and the two retaining rings effectively restrain the spherical bearing axially, ensuring that the spherical bearing does not displace axially. The spherical bearing is located at the center of gravity of the vertical caliper, achieving the most ideal floating effect for the vertical caliper. The use of the spherical bearing allows the vertical caliper to slightly oscillate in the fore-aft direction.

[0010] The upper floating assembly includes an upper bracket installed on the top of the front end of the vertical slide, two door frames arranged on the top of the upper bracket in front and back, an upper pressure rod fixed to the left and right sides of each door frame, an upper guide column vertically arranged through the top plate of the upper bracket and the same number as the upper pressure rods, an upper top ball rod, a first spring and a first steel ball arranged on the upper end of the vertical clamp body and the same number as the upper pressure rods, the upper bracket is arranged directly above the upper end of the vertical clamp body, the two upper pressure rods on the same side are located in the same straight line, the upper pressure rod is vertically fixed to the door frame by an upper nut, the upper pressure rod has an axial center hole, the upper pressure rod and the upper guide column correspond one to one up and down and are coaxial, the The upper guide post comprises a small diameter section and a large diameter section that are integrally connected, the first spring is sleeved outside the small diameter section of the upper guide post, and the end of the small diameter section of the upper guide post extends into the axial center hole of the upper pressure rod, so that the first spring is restricted between the large diameter section of the upper guide post and the bottom of the upper pressure rod, the large diameter section of the upper guide post vertically passes through the top plate of the upper bracket and can move up and down relative to the top plate of the upper bracket, the upper guide post and the upper ball rod correspond to each other one by one and are coaxial, the end surface of the large diameter section of the upper guide post and the top surface of the upper ball rod are both provided with a first hemispherical groove adapted to the first steel ball, and the first steel ball is restricted in two first hemispherical grooves that are symmetrical up and down;

[0011] The lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the The nut is vertically fixed on the pressure plate, and the lower pressure rod has an axial center hole, and the lower guide column and the lower pressure rod correspond one to one up and down and are coaxial, and the lower guide column has a small diameter section and a large diameter section that are integrally connected, and the second spring is sleeved outside the small diameter section of the lower guide column and the end of the small diameter section of the lower guide column extends into the axial center hole of the lower pressure rod, so that the second spring is restricted between the large diameter section of the lower guide column and the top of the lower pressure rod, and the large diameter section of the lower guide column vertically passes through the lower bracket and can move up and down relative to the lower bracket, and the lower top ball rod corresponds one to one up and down and is coaxial, and the end end face of the large diameter section of the lower guide column and the bottom surface of the lower top ball rod are provided with a second hemispherical groove adapted to the second steel ball, and the second steel ball is limited in the two second hemispherical grooves that are symmetrical up and down. When the vertical caliper body shakes slightly back and forth or left and right, force will be applied to the first steel ball or the second steel ball. The first steel ball transmits force to the upper guide column and the second steel ball transmits force to the lower guide column. The upper guide column compresses the first spring and the lower guide column compresses the second spring. After the bushing is pressed into place, the first spring and the second spring are restored. The first spring and the second spring are used to make the floating tolerance of the vertical caliper body absorb the dimensional error of the sleeve, so that the equipment adapts to the product, rather than the product adapts to the equipment; the function of the first steel ball and the second steel ball is to ensure that the vertical caliper body has a spherical movement when floating, and can return to its original position when the floating of the vertical caliper body ends; the first spring and the second spring are used to balance the overall gravity of the vertical caliper body and other components on the vertical caliper body and ensure a restoring force to the vertical caliper body after floating; the upper nut can adjust the tension of the first spring, and the lower nut can adjust the tension of the second spring. The amplitude of the shaking of the vertical caliper body is adjusted by the upper nut and the lower nut; the elastic force of the first spring and the second spring needs to be calculated.

[0012] The ram drive mechanism is primarily composed of a ram drive cylinder and a guide seat. The ram drive cylinder is vertically mounted, with the cylinder body of the ram drive cylinder mounted on the upper end of the front groove of the vertical caliper body. The free end of the cylinder rod, serving as the movable end of the ram drive mechanism, is connected to the top of the guide seat. The upper ram is connected to the bottom of the guide seat, and the rear end of the guide seat is connected to the bottom of the front groove of the vertical caliper body via a second linear guide pair. The ram drive cylinder pushes the guide seat to drive the upper ram in linear motion; the linear guide of the second linear guide pair is disposed on the bottom of the front groove of the vertical caliper body, and the slider of the second linear guide pair is disposed on the rear end of the guide seat.

[0013] The device also includes a support drive mechanism for driving the movable support to move horizontally so that the upper and lower pressure heads face the product's sleeve. The support drive mechanism mainly consists of a horizontal base, a horizontal slide, and a horizontal push cylinder. The horizontal base is fixed to a work platform. The horizontal slide is disposed above the horizontal base, and the bottom end surface of the horizontal slide is connected to the top end surface of the horizontal base via a third linear guide pair. The bottom of the movable support is fixedly connected to the top end surface of the horizontal slide. The horizontal push cylinder is horizontally mounted on the horizontal base, and the cylinder rod of the horizontal push cylinder is connected to a side plate of the movable support to drive the movable support to move back and forth horizontally on the horizontal base. The support drive mechanism is used to horizontally move the vertical clamp body to the product so that the upper and lower pressure heads face the product's sleeve. The linear guide of the third linear guide pair is disposed on the top end surface of the horizontal base, and the slider of the third linear guide pair is disposed on the bottom end surface of the horizontal slide.

[0014] A limit seat is provided at the front end of the horizontal base, secured to the work platform. An adjustment rod is horizontally mounted on the limit seat for adjusting the maximum horizontal distance the movable bracket can move toward the product. The rear end of the adjustment rod is configured to abut the front end of the horizontal slide. The arrangement of the limit seat and adjustment rod allows for greater flexibility in positioning the device on different work platforms, preventing interference with other product processing equipment on the work platform. Furthermore, the adjustment rod can be adjusted to limit the maximum distance the horizontal slide can move toward the product. This ensures that, after the horizontal slide has moved its maximum distance, the upper and lower pressure heads are aligned with the product's casing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0016] 1) First, use the introduction mechanism to guide the lower pressure head into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve for positioning the product, so that the sleeve is roughly guided, and then the pressure head drives the cylinder to drive the upper pressure head to press the bushing into the sleeve. During the pressing process, the buffer floating mechanism mainly composed of a spherical bearing arranged on the middle part of the vertical clamp body, an upper floating assembly arranged on the upper end of the vertical clamp body, and a lower floating assembly arranged on the lower end of the vertical clamp body makes the vertical clamp body in a front and rear left and right micro-movement floating adjustment state, so that the bushing press-fitting is in the best state. In this way, the vertical clamp body will have an angle that adapts to the sleeve of the product, and realize automatic alignment of the bushing and the sleeve, thereby ensuring that the bushing will not be trimmed during press-fitting, and realizing damage-free press-fitting of the bushing, solving the problems of the sleeve shape and position tolerance and position accuracy being difficult to guarantee due to product welding deformation, resulting in the center core axis misalignment or bushing trimming, fracturing and other defects of the press-fitted bushing.

[0017] 2) The equipment uses a mechanical floating structure, i.e. a buffer floating mechanism, to find the center, which makes alignment simple and ensures the stability of press-fitting and product quality, thereby improving production rate.

[0018] 3) The vertical clamp body in the equipment will have an angle that adapts to the product's casing, that is, the equipment adapts to the product, with strong adaptability, thereby improving the tolerance of the equipment, improving the stability of the equipment and the press-fitting quality, reducing the defective products produced during the press-fitting process, and thus reducing development costs.

[0019] 4) The equipment realizes automatic centering of the bushing and the casing, effectively avoiding unstable factors such as large spatial position deviation of the welded casing, and ensuring damage-free press-fitting of the bushing.

[0020] 5) The use of this equipment can press the bushing into place in one go, which improves the stability, consistency and quality of the product.

[0021] 6) The equipment only needs to be debugged once and then the floating effect needs to be maintained regularly, which reduces the workload of the fitter when assembling the bushing.

[0022] 7) Floating range of the buffer floating mechanism: angular deviation (space) ≤ ±3°, displacement deviation (x, y, z) ≤ ±3mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The overall structure of the floating clamp vertical assembly equipment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of part A;

[0025] Figure 3 The overall structure of the floating clamp vertical assembly equipment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of part B;

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of part C;

[0028] Figure 6 The overall structure of the floating clamp vertical assembly equipment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a front view of the floating clamp body vertical assembly equipment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 DD-direction cross-sectional diagram;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of part E;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure (partial explosion) of the floating clamp body vertical assembly equipment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] The present invention proposes a floating clamp body vertical assembly device suitable for assembling automobile subframe bushings. As shown in the figure, it is used to press-fit a bushing with an axial center hole, which includes a movable bracket 1, a vertical clamp body 2 arranged in front of the movable bracket 1, an upper pressure head 3 and a lower pressure head 4 coaxially and relatively arranged on the upper and lower ends of the front groove 21 of the vertical clamp body 2, and a pressure head driving mechanism 5 installed on the upper end of the front groove 21 of the vertical clamp body 2 and used to drive the upper pressure head 3 to move vertically. The movable end of the pressure head driving mechanism 5 is connected to the upper pressure head 3 to push the upper pressure head 3 to press the bushing into the sleeve of the product. The device also includes a movable bracket 1 and a vertical clamp body. 2 and is used to drive the vertical clamp body 2 to move vertically and linearly so that the lower pressure head 4 is introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve for positioning the product, and a buffer floating mechanism 7 is used to keep the vertical clamp body 2 in a floating state with slight shaking during the bushing pressing process. The buffer floating mechanism 7 is mainly composed of a spherical bearing 71 arranged on the middle part of the vertical clamp body 2, an upper floating component 72 arranged on the upper end of the vertical clamp body 2, and a lower floating component 73 arranged on the lower end of the vertical clamp body 2. The cooperation of the spherical bearing 71, the upper floating component 72 and the lower floating component 73 makes the vertical clamp body 2 in a front, back, left and right micro-floating adjustment state, so that the bushing pressing is in the best state.

[0035] A specific solution is: the introduction mechanism 6 is mainly composed of a vertical slide 61 arranged between the front end of the movable bracket 1 and the rear end of the vertical clamp body 2, a slide driving mechanism 62 for driving the vertical slide 61 to slide vertically relative to the movable bracket 1 to drive the vertical clamp body 2 to move vertically linearly so that the down-pressing head 4 is introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve for positioning the product, and a limiting mechanism 63 arranged between the front end of the vertical slide 61 and the vertical clamp body 2 and used to limit the vertical clamp body 2 from displacement in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide 61. The rear end of the vertical slide 61 and the front end of the movable bracket 1 are connected by a first linear guide pair 64. Here, the linear guide of the first linear guide pair 64 is vertically installed on the front end of the movable bracket 1, and the slider of the first linear guide pair 64 is installed on the rear end of the vertical slide 61. Since the movable bracket 1 has a relatively large area, a double-track structure can be set, and the slider can adopt two groups of upper and lower sliders; the vertical slide 61 is used to drive the vertical clamp body 2 to move relative to the movable bracket 1, so that the down-pressing head 4 is introduced into the sleeve of the product; the limiting mechanism 63 plays the role of connecting the vertical slide 61 and the vertical clamp body 2, and at the same time can ensure that the vertical clamp body 2 will not be displaced in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide 61.

[0036] It is further defined that the slide drive mechanism 62 includes a sliding drive cylinder 621, a cylinder fixing plate 622, and an adapter plate 623. The cylinder fixing plate 622 is horizontally mounted between the two side plates of the movable bracket 1. The sliding drive cylinder 621 is vertically mounted on the cylinder fixing plate 622. A vertical elongated through hole 11 is provided on the front end plate of the movable bracket 1. The cylinder rod of the sliding drive cylinder 621 is connected to one end of the adapter plate 623. The other end of the adapter plate 623 passes through the vertical elongated through hole 11 and is connected to the rear end of the vertical slide 61. The slide drive mechanism 62 provided here is one example. Other existing drive mechanisms capable of driving the vertical slide 61 to slide vertically may also be used. The cylinder rod of the sliding drive cylinder 621 can be facing upward or downward. The sliding drive cylinder 621 can be installed according to the internal space conditions of the movable bracket 1.

[0037] An optimized solution is: the limiting mechanism 63 includes two limiting brackets 631, two fixing rings 632, a shaft 633, and a bearing 634. The two limiting brackets 631 are arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the vertical slide 61, and the bearing 634 is sleeved on the middle part of the shaft 633. An axial hole 22 is opened on the middle part of the vertical clamp body 2 and passes through the left and right sides of the vertical clamp body 2. The shaft 633 passes through the axial hole 22, and the bearing 634 fits with the hole wall of the axial hole 22. There is a gap between the shaft 633 and the hole wall of the axial hole 22. The axial end of the shaft 633 passes through the front of the limiting bracket 631 and is fixed by the fixing ring 632. Since the bearing 634 fits in contact with the wall of the shaft hole 22, the vertical clamp body 2 will not be displaced in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide 61; since there is a gap between the shaft 633 and the wall of the shaft hole 22, and the shaft end of the shaft 633 passes through the front of the limit bracket 631 and is fixed by the fixing ring 632, when force is applied to both sides of the upper or lower end of the vertical clamp body 2, a slight left and right shake will be generated.

[0038] An optimized solution is: the bearing 634 is a spherical bearing 71, that is, the same component, the spherical bearing 71 is equipped with a bearing limiting assembly, the bearing limiting assembly includes a press sleeve 741 and two retaining rings 742, the shaft hole 22 is a step hole, the press sleeve 741 is arranged in the large diameter hole 221 of the step hole, one shaft end of the spherical bearing 71 is blocked by the step 222 of the step hole and the other shaft end of the spherical bearing 71 is blocked by the press sleeve 741, so that the spherical bearing 71 is axially limited between the step 222 of the step hole and the press sleeve 741, and the shaft 633 is located outside the spherical hole. The bearing 71 is fitted with retaining rings 742 on both sides. The retaining rings 742 are limited between the spherical bearing 71 and the inner side of the front part of the limiting bracket 631. The spherical bearing 71 is located exactly at the center of gravity of the vertical clamp body 2. The outer peripheral wall of the pressing sleeve 741 fits with the inner peripheral wall of the large diameter hole 221 of the step hole. There is a gap between the inner peripheral wall of the pressing sleeve 741 and the outer peripheral wall of the retaining ring 742 in the large diameter hole 221 of the step hole. There is a gap between the inner peripheral wall of the pressing sleeve 741 and the outer peripheral wall of the retaining ring 742 in the small diameter hole 223 of the step hole. The step 222 of the step hole, the pressing sleeve 741 and the two retaining rings 742 effectively limit the spherical bearing 71 in the axial direction, ensuring that the spherical bearing 71 does not displace in the axial direction, and the position of the spherical bearing 71 is the center of gravity of the vertical clamp body 2, which can make the floating effect of the vertical clamp body 2 achieve the most ideal effect; the use of the spherical bearing 71 allows the vertical clamp body 2 to shake slightly in the front and rear directions.

[0039] The cam 723 is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the cam 724, and the cam 725 is fixed to the upper and lower ends of the cam 724. The first spring 726 is sleeved on the outside of the small diameter section 7241 of the upper guide post 724, and the end of the small diameter section 7241 of the upper guide post 724 extends into the axial center hole 7231 of the upper pressure rod 723, so that the first spring 726 is restricted between the large diameter section 7242 of the upper guide post 724 and the bottom of the upper pressure rod 723. The large diameter section 7242 of the upper guide post 724 vertically passes through the top plate of the upper bracket 721 and can move up and down relative to the top plate of the upper bracket 721. The upper guide post 724 and the upper ball rod 725 correspond to each other one by one and are coaxial. The end surface of the large diameter section 7242 of the upper guide post 724 and the top surface of the upper ball rod 725 are both provided with a first hemispherical groove 729 adapted to the first steel ball 727. The first steel ball 727 is restricted in two first hemispherical grooves 729 symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower parts.The lower floating assembly 73 includes two lower brackets 731 symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the front bottom of the vertical slide 61, two mounting plates 732 symmetrically mounted on the left and right sides of the lower part of the vertical clamp body 2, two pressing plates 733 symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the lower part of the vertical clamp body 2, two lower pressing rods 734 fixed to each pressing plate 733 in front and back, two lower guide columns 735 vertically arranged through each lower bracket 731 and arranged in front and back, and two lower ball rods 733 arranged in front and back on each mounting plate 732. 6. The second spring 737 and the second steel ball 738, the lower bracket 731 and the side wall of the vertical clamp body 2 do not contact each other, the mounting plate 732 is located directly above the corresponding lower bracket 731, the pressure plate 733 is located directly below the corresponding lower bracket 731, the pressure plate 733 is connected to the corresponding lower bracket 731 through a connecting rod 7331, the pressure plate 733 and the side wall of the vertical clamp body 2 do not contact each other, the two front and rear lower pressure rods 734 on the same side are located on the same straight line, and the lower pressure rod 734 is vertically fixed to the pressure plate by a lower nut 739 733, the lower pressure rod 734 has an axial center hole 7341, the lower guide column 735 corresponds to the lower pressure rod 734 one by one and is coaxial, the lower guide column 735 has a small diameter section 7351 and a large diameter section 7352 connected as one piece, the second spring 737 is sleeved outside the small diameter section 7351 of the lower guide column 735 and the end of the small diameter section 7351 of the lower guide column 735 extends into the axial center hole 7341 of the lower pressure rod 734, so that the second spring 737 is restricted to the large diameter section 7351 of the lower guide column 735. 52 and the top of the lower pressure rod 734, the large diameter section 7352 of the lower guide column 735 vertically passes through the lower bracket 731 and can move up and down relative to the lower bracket 731, the lower top ball rod 736 and the lower guide column 735 correspond to each other one by one and are coaxial, and the end face of the large diameter section 7352 of the lower guide column 735 and the bottom surface of the lower top ball rod 736 are provided with a second hemispherical groove 730 that is compatible with the second steel ball 738, and the second steel ball 738 is limited to two second hemispherical grooves 730 that are symmetrical in the upper and lower directions. When the vertical clamp body 2 shakes slightly back and forth or left and right, a force is applied to the first steel ball 727 or the second steel ball 738. The first steel ball 727 transmits force to the upper guide post 724, while the second steel ball 738 transmits force to the lower guide post 735. The upper guide post 724 compresses the first spring 726, while the lower guide post 735 compresses the second spring 737. After the bushing is pressed into place, the first spring 726 and the second spring 737 are restored. The first spring 726 and the second spring 737 are used to make the floating tolerance of the vertical clamp body 2 absorb the dimensional error of the sleeve, so that the equipment adapts to the product, rather than the product adapts to the equipment. The function of the first steel ball 727 and the second steel ball 738 is to ensure that the vertical clamp body 2 has a spherical motion when floating, and can return to its original position after the vertical clamp body 2 stops floating. The first spring 726 and the second spring 737 are used to balance the overall gravity of the vertical clamp body 2 and other components on the vertical clamp body 2 and to ensure that a restoring force is applied to the vertical clamp body 2 after floating.The upper nut 728 adjusts the tension of the first spring 726, and the lower nut 739 adjusts the tension of the second spring 737. The swing amplitude of the vertical caliper 2 is adjusted by the upper nut 728 and the lower nut 739. The elastic force of the first spring 726 and the second spring 737 needs to be calculated.

[0040] It is further defined that the ram driving mechanism 5 is mainly composed of a ram driving cylinder 51 and a guide seat 52. The ram driving cylinder 51 is installed vertically, and the cylinder body of the ram driving cylinder 51 is installed on the upper end of the front groove 21 of the vertical caliper body 2. The free end of the cylinder rod serves as the movable end of the ram driving mechanism 5 and is connected to the top of the guide seat 52. The upper ram 3 is connected to the bottom of the guide seat 52. The rear end of the guide seat 52 is connected to the bottom of the front groove 21 of the vertical caliper body 2 through a second linear guide pair 53. The ram driving cylinder 51 pushes the guide seat 52 to drive the upper ram 3 to move linearly; the linear guide of the second linear guide pair 53 is set on the bottom of the front groove 21 of the vertical caliper body 2, and the slider of the second linear guide pair 53 is set on the rear end of the guide seat 52.

[0041] An optimized solution is: the equipment also includes a bracket driving mechanism 8 for pushing the movable bracket 1 to move horizontally so that the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure head 4 are facing the sleeve of the product. The bracket driving mechanism 8 is mainly composed of a horizontal base 81, a horizontal slide 82, and a horizontal pushing cylinder 83. The horizontal base 81 is fixed on the working platform, and the horizontal slide 82 is arranged above the horizontal base 81. The bottom end surface of the horizontal slide 82 is connected to the top end surface of the horizontal base 81 through a third linear guide pair 84. The bottom of the movable bracket 1 is fixedly connected to the top end surface of the horizontal slide 82. The horizontal pushing cylinder 83 is horizontally installed on the horizontal base 81. The cylinder rod of the horizontal pushing cylinder 83 is connected to a side plate of the movable bracket 1 to push the movable bracket 1 to move horizontally back and forth on the horizontal base 81. The vertical clamp body 2 is moved horizontally to the product by using the bracket driving mechanism 8 so that the upper pressure head 3 and the lower pressure head 4 are facing the sleeve of the product; the linear guide of the third linear guide pair 84 is set on the top surface of the horizontal base 81, and the slider of the third linear guide pair 84 is set on the bottom surface of the horizontal slide 82.

[0042] Furthermore, a limit seat 85 is provided at the front end of the horizontal base 81. The limit seat 85 is fixed to the work platform. An adjustment rod 86 is horizontally disposed on the limit seat 85 for adjusting the maximum horizontal movement distance of the movable bracket 1 toward the product. The rear end surface of the adjustment rod 86 is configured to abut the front end surface of the horizontal slide 82. The provision of the limit seat 85 and the adjustment rod 86 allows for greater flexibility in the installation of the device on different work platforms, avoiding interference with other product processing equipment on the work platform. Simultaneously, by adjusting the adjustment rod 86, the maximum movement distance of the horizontal slide 82 toward the product can be limited. This ensures, through calculation, that after the horizontal slide 82 has moved its maximum distance, the upper and lower press heads 3 and 4 are aligned with the product's sleeve.

[0043] In the above-mentioned schemes, the material of the vertical clamp body 2 can be selected through finite element analysis. Under the action of a force of 80KN, the vertical clamp body 2 made of 42CrMo material can meet the requirements of force analysis and has low cost. The structure of the lower pressure head 4 is not limited, as long as it can be introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling for positioning the casing of the product. A pressure sensor can be set below the lower pressure head 4 to monitor the pressure in real time. The upper pressure head 3 is actually a shaft for guiding, which can be inserted into the casing of the product and go below the tolerance.

[0044] In each of the above solutions, each driving cylinder uses an existing cylinder; each driving mechanism can be equipped with an oil pressure buffer and a drag chain structure, which can be installed according to the adaptability of the overall structure.

[0045] The working principle of the equipment is as follows: the vertical slide 61 is driven by the slide driving mechanism 62 to drive the vertical clamp body 2 to move linearly, so that the lower pressure head 4 is introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve for positioning the product to achieve rough guidance; then the pressure head driving cylinder 51 is used to drive the upper pressure head 3 to press the bushing into the sleeve. In the process of pressing the bushing into the sleeve, under the action of the spherical bearing 71 and the upper floating component 72 and the lower floating component 73, the vertical clamp body 2 is in a floating state with slight shaking, so that the vertical clamp body 2 has an angle that adapts to the sleeve of the product, realizing automatic alignment of the bushing and the sleeve, thereby ensuring that the bushing will not be cut during press-fitting, and realizing damage-free press-fitting of the bushing.

Claims

1. A floating caliper vertical assembly device suitable for assembling automobile subframe bushings, which is used to press-fit a bushing with an axial center hole, comprising a movable bracket, a vertical caliper body arranged in front of the movable bracket, an upper pressing head and a lower pressing head coaxially and relatively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the front groove of the vertical caliper body, a pressing head driving mechanism installed at the upper end of the front groove of the vertical caliper body and used to drive the upper pressing head to move vertically and linearly, the movable end of the pressing head driving mechanism being connected to the upper pressing head to push the upper pressing head to press the bushing into the sleeve of the product, characterized in that: The device also includes an introduction mechanism installed between the movable bracket and the vertical clamp body and used for driving the vertical clamp body to move vertically and linearly so that the lower pressure head is introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve for positioning the product, and a buffer floating mechanism used to keep the vertical clamp body in a floating state with slight shaking during the bushing pressing process. The buffer floating mechanism is mainly composed of a spherical bearing arranged on the middle part of the vertical clamp body, an upper floating assembly arranged on the upper end of the vertical clamp body, and a lower floating assembly arranged on the lower end of the vertical clamp body. The cooperation of the spherical bearing, the upper floating assembly and the lower floating assembly enables the vertical clamp body to be in a front-back, left-right micro-movement floating adjustment state, so that the bushing pressing is in the best state. The introduction mechanism includes a vertical slide disposed between the front end of the movable bracket and the rear end of the vertical clamp body, and a limiting mechanism disposed between the front end of the vertical slide and the vertical clamp body and used to limit the vertical clamp body from displacement in the vertical direction relative to the vertical slide; The limiting mechanism includes two limiting brackets, two fixing rings, a shaft, and a bearing. The two limiting brackets are arranged on the left and right sides of the front end of the vertical slide. The bearing sleeve is arranged outside the middle part of the shaft. A shaft hole is opened on the middle part of the vertical clamp body and passes through the left and right sides of the vertical clamp body. The shaft passes through the shaft hole. The bearing fits with the hole wall of the shaft hole. There is a gap between the shaft and the hole wall of the shaft hole. The shaft end of the shaft passes through the front part of the limiting bracket and is fixed by the fixing ring. The bearing is a spherical bearing, and the spherical bearing is provided with a bearing limiting assembly, and the bearing limiting assembly includes a press sleeve and two retaining rings. The shaft hole is a stepped hole, and the press sleeve is arranged in the large diameter hole of the stepped hole. One shaft end of the spherical bearing is blocked by the step of the stepped hole and the other shaft end of the spherical bearing is blocked by the press sleeve, so that the spherical bearing is axially limited between the step of the stepped hole and the press sleeve. The shaft outside is fitted with retaining rings on both sides of the spherical bearing. The retaining rings are limited between the spherical bearing and the inner side of the front part of the limiting bracket. The spherical bearing is exactly located at the center of gravity of the vertical caliper body. The pressure head driving mechanism is mainly composed of a pressure head driving cylinder and a guide seat.

2. The floating clamp vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that The introduction mechanism also includes a slide driving mechanism for driving the vertical slide to slide vertically relative to the movable bracket to drive the vertical clamp body to move vertically linearly so that the down-pressing head is introduced into the bottom of the floating positioning tooling of the sleeve for positioning the product. The rear end of the vertical slide is connected to the front end of the movable bracket through a first linear guide pair.

3. The floating clamp vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly according to claim 2 is characterized in that The skateboard driving mechanism includes a sliding driving cylinder, a cylinder fixing plate and an adapter plate. The cylinder fixing plate is horizontally installed between the two side plates of the movable bracket. The sliding driving cylinder is vertically installed on the cylinder fixing plate. A vertical long strip through hole is provided on the front end plate of the movable bracket. The cylinder rod of the sliding driving cylinder is connected to one end of the adapter plate. The other end of the adapter plate passes through the vertical long strip through hole and is connected to the rear end of the vertical skateboard.

4. The floating clamp vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that The upper floating assembly includes an upper bracket installed on the top of the front end of the vertical slide, two door frames arranged on the top of the upper bracket in front and back, an upper pressure rod fixed to the left and right sides of each door frame, an upper guide column vertically arranged through the top plate of the upper bracket and the same number as the upper pressure rods, an upper top ball rod, a first spring and a first steel ball arranged on the upper end of the vertical clamp body and the same number as the upper pressure rods, the upper bracket is arranged directly above the upper end of the vertical clamp body, the two upper pressure rods on the same side are located in the same straight line, the upper pressure rod is vertically fixed to the door frame by an upper nut, the upper pressure rod has an axial center hole, the upper pressure rod and the upper guide column correspond one to one up and down and are coaxial, the The upper guide post comprises a small diameter section and a large diameter section that are integrally connected, the first spring is sleeved outside the small diameter section of the upper guide post, and the end of the small diameter section of the upper guide post extends into the axial center hole of the upper pressure rod, so that the first spring is restricted between the large diameter section of the upper guide post and the bottom of the upper pressure rod, the large diameter section of the upper guide post vertically passes through the top plate of the upper bracket and can move up and down relative to the top plate of the upper bracket, the upper guide post and the upper ball rod correspond to each other one by one and are coaxial, the end surface of the large diameter section of the upper guide post and the top surface of the upper ball rod are both provided with a first hemispherical groove adapted to the first steel ball, and the first steel ball is restricted in two first hemispherical grooves that are symmetrical up and down; The lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the lifting of the The nut is vertically fixed on the pressure plate, and the lower pressure rod has an axial center hole, and the lower guide column and the lower pressure rod correspond one to one up and down and are coaxial, and the lower guide column has a small diameter section and a large diameter section that are integrally connected, and the second spring is sleeved outside the small diameter section of the lower guide column and the end of the small diameter section of the lower guide column extends into the axial center hole of the lower pressure rod, so that the second spring is restricted between the large diameter section of the lower guide column and the top of the lower pressure rod, and the large diameter section of the lower guide column vertically passes through the lower bracket and can move up and down relative to the lower bracket, and the lower top ball rod corresponds one to one up and down and is coaxial, and the end end face of the large diameter section of the lower guide column and the bottom surface of the lower top ball rod are provided with a second hemispherical groove adapted to the second steel ball, and the second steel ball is limited in the two second hemispherical grooves that are symmetrical up and down.

5. The floating clamp vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that The pressure head driving cylinder is installed vertically, the cylinder body of the pressure head driving cylinder is installed on the upper end of the front groove of the vertical pliers body, the free end of the cylinder rod serves as the movable end of the pressure head driving mechanism and is connected to the top of the guide seat, the upper pressure head is connected to the bottom of the guide seat, and the rear end of the guide seat and the bottom of the front groove of the vertical pliers body are connected through a second linear guide pair.

6. The floating clamp vertical assembly equipment suitable for automobile subframe bushing assembly according to claim 1 is characterized in that The equipment also includes a bracket driving mechanism for pushing the movable bracket to move horizontally so that the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head face the sleeve of the product. The bracket driving mechanism is mainly composed of a horizontal base, a horizontal slide, and a horizontal pushing cylinder. The horizontal base is fixed on the working platform. The horizontal slide is arranged above the horizontal base, and the bottom end surface of the horizontal slide is connected to the top end surface of the horizontal base through a third linear guide pair. The bottom of the movable bracket is fixedly connected to the top end surface of the horizontal slide. The horizontal pushing cylinder is horizontally installed on the horizontal base. The cylinder rod of the horizontal pushing cylinder is connected to a side plate of the movable bracket to push the movable bracket to move horizontally back and forth on the horizontal base.

7. The floating clamp vertical assembly equipment for automobile subframe bushing assembly according to claim 6 is characterized in that A limit seat is provided on the front end side of the horizontal base, and the limit seat is fixed on the working platform. An adjusting rod is horizontally provided on the limit seat for adjusting the maximum distance of horizontal movement of the movable bracket toward the product direction, and the rear end face of the adjusting rod is used to abut against the front end face of the horizontal slide.

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