A whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function

Abstract

The application discloses a whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function, comprising an air conditioner circuit and a battery motor circuit, wherein the air conditioner circuit comprises a compressor with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and a four-way reversing valve provided with four-way reversing valve interfaces one, two, three and four respectively; the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected with the four-way reversing valve interface one, and the four-way reversing valve interface two is sequentially connected with a first heat exchanger refrigerant inlet and outlet, a first throttling device, a first valve, a second heat exchanger refrigerant inlet and outlet, a second throttling device, a second valve, a third heat exchanger refrigerant inlet and outlet and the four-way reversing valve interface three through pipelines. The application promotes the energy collaborative management among the subsystems by utilizing the air conditioner system to jointly / independently process the refrigeration or heating of the battery pack and the passenger cabin, reduces the number of parts and lowers the cost of the whole system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of electric vehicle thermal management, in particular to a whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function. BACKGROUND

[0002] Under the global background of energy crisis and environmental pollution, pure electric vehicles have become the main development trend of the automobile industry due to their zero emissions, low noise and other advantages. At present, the development of pure electric vehicles is still in its infancy, and there are many key problems to be solved. The low endurance mileage of energy storage batteries is the key to restricting the development of pure electric vehicles. Due to the technical bottleneck of low energy density of batteries at present, the energy density is not greatly improved, and the important way to improve the endurance mileage in the short term is to improve the energy utilization efficiency of electric vehicles.

[0003] The energy storage battery, as the only power source of the electric vehicle driving system, its performance is significantly affected by temperature, and too high or too low temperature will reduce the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery, and its service life and safety will be greatly discounted. In addition, when the motor driving system is working, a part of the energy is dissipated in the form of heat, and these heat will cause the temperature of the driving motor to rise continuously, thereby affecting its operating efficiency. The existing thermal management system can effectively regulate the temperature of each subsystem, but lacks unified planning of the whole vehicle energy, which is low in efficiency and causes waste of available waste heat, greatly restricting the endurance of the whole vehicle. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function to solve the problems of battery and motor waste heat, low efficiency of whole vehicle thermal management in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function, comprising an air conditioning circuit and a battery motor circuit, the air conditioning circuit comprising a compressor having a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and a four-way reversing valve provided with four-way reversing valve interfaces one, two, three and four respectively; the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected to the four-way reversing valve interface one, the four-way reversing valve interface two is connected in sequence with a first heat exchanger refrigerant inlet and outlet, a first throttling device, a first valve, a second heat exchanger refrigerant inlet and outlet, a second throttling device, a second valve, a third heat exchanger refrigerant inlet and outlet and the four-way reversing valve interface three through pipelines, and the four-way reversing valve interface four is connected in sequence with a gas-liquid separator and the refrigerant inlet of the compressor, forming a series circuit, and a fan one is arranged on one side of the first heat exchanger;

[0007] The air conditioning circuit further comprises third, fourth, fifth and sixth valves.

[0008] The third valve is connected to the air conditioner series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the first heat exchanger, the first throttling device and the first valve;

[0009] The fourth valve is connected to the air conditioner series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the first throttling device, the first valve and the second heat exchanger;

[0010] The fifth valve is connected to the air conditioner series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the second throttling device, the second valve and the third heat exchanger;

[0011] The sixth valve is connected to the air conditioner series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the second throttling device and the second valve, and the series circuit and the parallel pipeline form an air conditioning unit circuit;

[0012] The battery motor circuit comprises a battery pack and a motor each having an inlet and an outlet, a water pump one outlet connected to the battery pack inlet, and two ends of five passages connected to the battery pack outlet and the water pump one inlet respectively;

[0013] The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function further comprises a passage one pipeline, a passage two pipeline, a passage three pipeline, a passage four pipeline and a passage five pipeline;

[0014] The passage one pipeline is connected to the battery pack outlet, the storage tank one, the seventh valve, the second heat exchanger cooling liquid inlet and outlet and the water pump one inlet in sequence;

[0015] The passage two pipeline is connected to the battery pack outlet, the storage tank one, the eighth valve, the third heat exchanger cooling liquid inlet and outlet and the water pump one inlet in sequence, and one side of the third heat exchanger is provided with a fan two;

[0016] The passage three pipeline is connected to the battery pack outlet, the ninth valve, the first heat exchanger cooling liquid inlet and outlet and the water pump one inlet in sequence;

[0017] The passage four pipeline is connected to the battery pack outlet, the water tank, the water pump two, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve and the water pump one inlet in sequence;

[0018] The passage five pipeline is connected to the battery pack outlet, the motor inlet and outlet, the water pump three, the twelfth valve, the eleventh valve and the water pump one inlet in sequence;

[0019] The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization further comprises a controller, and the battery pack, the motor, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve and the twelfth valve, the water tank, the fan one and the fan two are electrically connected with the controller, and the opening and closing states are adjusted by the controller.

[0020] Preferably, the circulating medium of the air conditioning circuit is refrigerant, and the circulating medium of the battery motor circuit is coolant.

[0021] Preferably, the first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve and the twelfth valve are all solenoid valves, the first throttling device and the second throttling device are both electronic expansion valves, and the water tank is an electronic constant-temperature water tank.

[0022] Preferably, the first heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger are both air heat exchangers, are both provided with refrigerant inlets and outlets and coolant inlets and outlets, the air inlets and outlets of the first heat exchanger are connected with the natural environment outside the whole vehicle, the refrigerant inlets and outlets are connected with the air conditioning circuit, and the coolant inlets and outlets are connected with the battery motor circuit; the air inlets and outlets of the third heat exchanger are connected with the environment of the passenger cabin of the whole vehicle, the refrigerant inlets and outlets are connected with the air conditioning circuit, and the coolant inlets and outlets are connected with the battery motor circuit.

[0023] The second heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger, one side of which is connected with the air conditioning circuit, and the other side of which is connected with the battery motor circuit.

[0024] Preferably, the fan one and the fan two are adjusted by the controller to adjust the air flow.

[0025] The first valve, the second valve, the third valve, the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, the eighth valve, the ninth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the twelfth valve, the first throttling device and the second throttling device are adjusted by the controller to adjust the on-off of the pipeline.

[0026] The water tank is adjusted by the controller to adjust the temperature of the coolant in the water tank.

[0027] Preferably, the battery pack is filled with coolant, and the outer layer of the battery pack is provided with a sealed shell for heat insulation.

[0028] Preferably, the motor is provided with a heat exchange structure, and the heat exchange structure is provided with a coolant inlet and an outlet.

[0029] Preferably, the four-way selector valve is used to switch the first state and the second state of the air conditioning circuit, in the first state, the four-way selector valve interface one is connected with the four-way selector valve interface two, and the four-way selector valve interface three is connected with the four-way selector valve interface four; in the second state, the four-way selector valve interface one is connected with the four-way selector valve interface three, and the four-way selector valve interface two is connected with the four-way selector valve interface four.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0031] The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization provided by the application uses a set of system to realize the joint / independent processing of the battery pack and the passenger cabin refrigeration or heating by the air conditioning system, promotes the energy collaborative management between the subsystems, reduces the number of parts, and reduces the cost of the whole system;

[0032] The thermal management channel is designed for various working conditions, the working strategy of the whole vehicle thermal management system is enriched, the thermal management load is reduced, and the endurance of the electric vehicle can be improved;

[0033] The waste heat of the battery pack and the motor is utilized for heating the passenger cabin, higher whole vehicle energy utilization rate can be obtained, and energy saving and emission reduction are helpful. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] Fig. 1 A structure schematic diagram of the whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization in an embodiment of the application is provided.

[0035] Fig. 2 A structure schematic diagram of the air conditioning circuit in an embodiment of the application is provided.

[0036] Fig. 3 A structure schematic diagram of the battery motor circuit in an embodiment of the application is provided.

[0037] In the figure: 1, four-way reversing valve; 100, air conditioning circuit; 200, battery motor circuit; 101, four-way reversing valve interface one; 102, four-way reversing valve interface two; 103, four-way reversing valve interface three; 104, four-way reversing valve interface four; 2, compressor; 3, gas-liquid separator; 4, fan one; 5, first heat exchanger; 6, third valve; 7, first throttling device; 8, first valve; 9, second heat exchanger; 10, seventh valve; 11, storage tank one; 12, ninth valve; 13, battery pack; 14, water pump one; 15, water tank; 16, motor; 17, water pump three; 18, twelfth valve; 19, water pump two; 20, tenth valve; 21, eleventh valve; 22, eighth valve; 23, fan two; 24, third heat exchanger; 25, sixth valve; 26, second valve; 27, second throttling device; 28, fourth valve; 29, fifth valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment description of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the application, not all embodiments of the application. The components of the embodiments of the application described and shown in the drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0039] The following detailed description of embodiments of the application in the drawings provided by the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the application.

[0040] It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters refer to similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings.

[0041] It should be noted that in this paper, the term "includes", "contains" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "includes a" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0042] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly placed when the product of the application is used, only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the application.

[0043] In the description of the application, it should also be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "connect" should be broadly understood, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Some embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the case of no conflict, each of the following embodiments and each feature in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Embodiment 1

[0045] Please refer to Figs. 1-3The application provides a technical scheme: a whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function, comprising an air conditioning circuit 100 and a battery motor circuit 200, characterized in that the air conditioning circuit 100 comprises a compressor 2 with a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and a four-way reversing valve 1 provided with four-way reversing valve interfaces one 101, two 102, three 103 and four 104; the refrigerant outlet of the compressor 2 is connected with the four-way reversing valve interface one 101, the four-way reversing valve interface two 102 is sequentially connected with a first heat exchanger 5 refrigerant inlet and outlet, a first throttling device 7, a first valve 8, a second heat exchanger 9 refrigerant inlet and outlet, a second throttling device 27, a second valve 26, a third heat exchanger 24 refrigerant inlet and outlet and the four-way reversing valve interface three 103 through pipelines, and the four-way reversing valve interface four 104 is sequentially connected with an air-liquid separator 3 and the refrigerant inlet of the compressor 2, forming a series circuit, and one side of the first heat exchanger 5 is provided with a fan one 4;

[0046] The air conditioning circuit 100 further comprises a third valve 6, a fourth valve 28, a fifth valve 29 and a sixth valve 25.

[0047] The third valve 6 is connected on the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the first heat exchanger 5, the first throttling device 7 and the first valve 8.

[0048] The fourth valve 28 is connected on the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the first throttling device 7, the first valve 8 and the second heat exchanger 9.

[0049] The fifth valve 29 is connected on the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the second throttling device 27, the second valve 26 and the third heat exchanger 24.

[0050] The sixth valve 25 is connected on the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the second throttling device 27 and the second valve 26, and the series circuit and the parallel pipeline form an air conditioning unit circuit.

[0051] The battery motor circuit 200 comprises a battery pack 13 and a motor 16 each having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, a water pump one 14 outlet connected with the liquid inlet of the battery pack 13, and two ends of five passages connected with the liquid outlet of the battery pack 13 and the inlet of the water pump one 14.

[0052] The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function further comprises a passage one pipeline, a passage two pipeline, a passage three pipeline, a passage four pipeline and a passage five pipeline.

[0053] The passage one pipeline is sequentially connected with the liquid outlet of the battery pack 13, a storage tank one 11, a seventh valve 10, a second heat exchanger 9 cooling liquid inlet and outlet and the inlet of the water pump one 14.

[0054] The third passage pipeline is sequentially connected with the liquid outlet of the battery pack 13, the ninth valve 12, the cooling liquid inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, and the inlet of the water pump one 14.

[0055] The third passage pipeline is sequentially connected with the liquid outlet of the battery pack 13, the ninth valve 12, the cooling liquid inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger 5, and the inlet of the water pump one 14.

[0056] The fourth passage pipeline is sequentially connected with the liquid outlet of the battery pack 13, the water tank 15, the water pump two 19, the tenth valve 20, the eleventh valve 21, and the inlet of the water pump one 14.

[0057] The fifth passage pipeline is sequentially connected with the liquid outlet of the battery pack 13, the motor 16, the water pump three 17, the twelfth valve 18, the eleventh valve 21, and the inlet of the water pump one 14.

[0058] The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization further comprises a controller, and the battery pack 13, the motor 16, the first valve 8, the second valve 26, the third valve 6, the fourth valve 28, the fifth valve 29, the sixth valve 25, the seventh valve 10, the eighth valve 22, the ninth valve 12, the tenth valve 20, the eleventh valve 21, and the twelfth valve 18, the water tank 15, the fan one 4, and the fan two 23 are electrically connected with the controller and are adjusted by the controller to be in an open or closed state.

[0059] Further, the circulating medium of the air conditioning circuit 100 is a refrigerant, and the circulating medium of the battery motor circuit 200 is a cooling liquid.

[0060] Further, the first valve 8, the second valve 26, the third valve 6, the fourth valve 28, the fifth valve 29, the sixth valve 25, the seventh valve 10, the eighth valve 22, the ninth valve 12, the tenth valve 20, the eleventh valve 21, and the twelfth valve 18 are all electromagnetic valves, the first throttling device 7 and the second throttling device 27 are both electronic expansion valves, and the water tank 15 is an electronic constant-temperature water tank.

[0061] Further, the first heat exchanger 5 and the third heat exchanger 24 are both air heat exchangers, are both provided with refrigerant inlets and outlets and cooling liquid inlets and outlets, the air inlets and outlets of the first heat exchanger 5 are connected with the external natural environment of the whole vehicle, the refrigerant inlets and outlets are connected with the air conditioning circuit 100, and the cooling liquid inlets and outlets are connected with the battery motor circuit 200; the air inlets and outlets of the third heat exchanger 24 are connected with the environment of the passenger cabin of the whole vehicle, the refrigerant inlets and outlets are connected with the air conditioning circuit 100, and the cooling liquid inlets and outlets are connected with the battery motor circuit 200.

[0062] The second heat exchanger 9 is a plate heat exchanger, one side fluid inlet and outlet is connected with the air conditioning circuit 100, and the other side fluid inlet and outlet is connected with the battery motor circuit 200.

[0063] Further, the fan one 4 and the fan two 23 are adjusted by the controller to adjust the air flow;

[0064] The first valve 8, the second valve 26, the third valve 6, the fourth valve 28, the fifth valve 29, the sixth valve 25, the seventh valve 10, the eighth valve 22, the ninth valve 12, the tenth valve 20, the eleventh valve 21, the twelfth valve 18, the first throttling device 7 and the second throttling device 27 are adjusted by the controller to adjust the pipeline on-off;

[0065] The water tank 15 is adjusted by the controller to adjust the cooling liquid temperature in the water tank 15.

[0066] Further, the battery pack 13 is filled with cooling liquid, and a plurality of mutually electrically connected battery units are immersed in the cooling liquid, the battery unit comprises a plurality of mutually electrically connected battery monomers, and the battery pack 13 is provided with a sealed outer shell and heat insulation.

[0067] Further, the motor 16 is provided with a heat exchange structure outside, and the heat exchange structure is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and an outlet.

[0068] Further, the four-way reversing valve 1 is used to switch the first state and the second state of the air conditioning circuit 100, in the first state, the four-way reversing valve interface one 101 is communicated with the four-way reversing valve interface two 102, and the four-way reversing valve interface three 103 is communicated with the four-way reversing valve interface four 104; in the second state, the four-way reversing valve interface one 101 is communicated with the four-way reversing valve interface three 103, and the four-way reversing valve interface two 102 is communicated with the four-way reversing valve interface four 104.

[0069] In the embodiment, the independent processing of the battery pack, the crew cabin refrigeration or heating by using the air conditioning system is realized by using a set of system, the number of parts is reduced, the cost of the whole set of system is reduced, meanwhile, the battery pack is heat managed and the waste heat is utilized by using the selection of multiple paths, so that higher whole vehicle energy utilization rate is obtained. Embodiment 2

[0070] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the application further provides a whole vehicle heat management and waste heat recovery method, the opening and closing states of the above-mentioned valves, water tanks, fans, water pumps, compressors and the like are adjusted by the controller to realize the refrigeration, heating and waste heat utilization processing of the crew cabin, the battery and the motor, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0071] Wherein, the four-way reversing valve 1 switches to the air conditioning circuit 100 first state, through the controller to the valve, the throttling device, the water pump adjustment, can realize the following four kinds of operating conditions:

[0072] Condition one, the first valve 8, the sixth valve 25, the seventh valve 10, the first throttling device 7, fan one 4 and fan two 23 are opened, the compressor 2 and water pump one 14 are running, and other devices are closed.

[0073] Condition two, the first valve 8, the fifth valve 29, the seventh valve 10, the first throttling device 7, fan one 4 are opened, the compressor 2 and water pump one 14 are running, and other devices are closed.

[0074] Condition three, the second valve 26, the fourth valve 28, the seventh valve 10, the second throttling device 27, fan one 4 and fan two 23 are opened, the compressor 2 is running, and other devices are closed.

[0075] Condition four, the second valve 26, the third valve 6, the seventh valve 10, the second throttling device 27, fan one 4 and fan two 23 are opened, the compressor 2 is running, and other devices are closed.

[0076] Wherein, the four-way reversing valve 1 switches to the air conditioning circuit 100 second state, through the controller to the valve, the throttling device, the water pump adjustment, can realize the following four kinds of operating conditions:

[0077] Condition five, the first valve 8, the sixth valve 25, the seventh valve 10, the first throttling device 7, fan one 4 and fan two 23 are opened, the compressor 2 and water pump one 14 are running, and other devices are closed.

[0078] Condition six, the first valve 8, the fifth valve 29, the seventh valve 10, the first throttling device 7, fan one 4 are opened, the compressor 2 and water pump one 14 are running, and other devices are closed.

[0079] Condition seven, the second valve 26, the fourth valve 28, the seventh valve 10, the second throttling device 27, fan one 4 and fan two 23 are opened, the compressor 2 is running, and other devices are closed.

[0080] Condition eight, the second valve 26, the third valve 6, the seventh valve 10, the second throttling device 27, fan one 4 and fan two 23 are opened, the compressor 2 is running, and other devices are closed.

[0081] Wherein, the battery motor circuit 200 five passages, through the controller to the valve, the throttling device, the water pump adjustment, can realize the following four kinds of operating conditions:

[0082] Condition nine, the eighth valve 22, fan two 23, water pump one 14 are opened, and other devices are closed.

[0083] Working condition ten, the ninth valve 12, the fan one 4, the water pump one 14 are opened, and other devices are closed;

[0084] Working condition eleven, the tenth valve 20, the eleventh valve 21, the water pump one 14 are opened, and other devices are closed;

[0085] Working condition twelve, the twelfth valve 18, the eleventh valve 21, the water pump one 14 are opened, and other devices are closed.

[0086] Among them, the following heat management effects can be achieved through the above running conditions:

[0087] The running condition one, the battery is communicated with the passage one, the battery pack 13 is carried out refrigeration treatment through the second heat exchanger 9 and the passage one, and the passenger cabin is carried out refrigeration treatment through the third heat exchanger 24;

[0088] The running condition two, the battery is communicated with the passage one, the battery pack 13 is carried out refrigeration treatment through the second heat exchanger 9 and the passage one;

[0089] The running condition three, the passenger cabin is carried out refrigeration treatment through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fan two 23;

[0090] The running condition four, the battery is communicated with the passage one, the battery pack 13 is carried out heating treatment through the second heat exchanger 9 and the passage one, and the passenger cabin is carried out refrigeration treatment through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fan two 23;

[0091] The running condition five, the battery is communicated with the passage one, the battery pack 13 is carried out heating treatment through the second heat exchanger 9 and the passage one, and the passenger cabin is carried out heating treatment through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fan two 23;

[0092] The running condition six, the battery is communicated with the passage one, the battery pack 13 is carried out heating treatment through the second heat exchanger 9 and the passage one;

[0093] The running condition seven, the passenger cabin is carried out heating treatment through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fan two 23;

[0094] The running condition eight, the battery is communicated with the passage one, the passenger cabin is carried out heating treatment through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fan two 23, and the battery pack 13 is carried out refrigeration treatment through the second heat exchanger 9 and the passage one;

[0095] The running condition nine, the battery is communicated with the passage two, and the passenger cabin is carried out heating treatment through the third heat exchanger 24 and the fan two 23 by using the battery pack 13 waste heat;

[0096] The running condition ten, the battery is communicated with the passage three, and the battery pack 13 can be carried out refrigeration treatment through the first heat exchanger 5 and the fan one 4;

[0097] The operating condition eleven, the battery is communicated with the passage four, and the battery pack 13 can be refrigerated or heated through the water tank 15;

[0098] The operating condition twelve, the battery is communicated with the passage five, and the battery pack 13 can be heated through the motor 16.

[0099] The air-conditioning circuit 100 adjusts the refrigerant flow in the circuit after the first state and the second state are converted, and the storage tank one 11 stores the liquid coolant, and the battery motor circuit 200 adjusts the coolant flow in the circuit after the passage is converted.

[0100] On the basis of the above embodiment, the application also provides the operating state of each component in the independent refrigeration or heating process of the battery pack and the cabin (all the control components are in the closed state initially), and is specifically as follows:

[0101] Wherein, the terms such as high temperature and low temperature are used to describe the relative state of both sides of the heat exchange process in order to facilitate the understanding of the heat management process.

[0102] Air-conditioning refrigeration / heating battery mode:

[0103] Refrigeration: the compressor 2 is started, the four-way valve 1 is started in the first state, the first valve 8, the fifth valve 29, the seventh valve 10, the first throttling device 7, the water pump one 14 and the fan one 4 are started. In the air-conditioning circuit 100, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the compressor 2 enters the first heat exchanger 5 through the four-way valve 1 interface one 101 and the four-way valve 1 interface two 102, exchanges heat with the air, condenses into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then is throttled into low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture through the first throttling device 7, enters the second heat exchanger 9 and exchanges heat with the coolant, absorbs heat to become gaseous refrigerant, and then returns to the compressor through the fifth valve 29, the four-way valve 1 interface three 103, the four-way valve 1 interface four 104 and the gas-liquid separator 3. At this time, the first heat exchanger 5 acts as a condenser, and the second heat exchanger 9 acts as an evaporator. In the battery motor circuit 200, the coolant exchanges heat with the battery pack 13, the high-temperature coolant passes through the storage tank one 11, the seventh valve 10 enters the second heat exchanger 9 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant, the temperature of the coolant is reduced, and then returns to the battery pack 13 through the water pump one 14. The above process is circularly carried out to realize independent refrigeration of the battery pack through the air-conditioning system.

[0104] Heating: compressor 2 is on, four-way valve 1 is on the second state, first valve 8, fifth valve 29, seventh valve 10, first throttling device 7, water pump one 14, fan one 4 are on. In air conditioning circuit 100, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 2 through four-way valve 1 interface one 101, four-way valve 1 interface three 103 and fifth valve 29 enters second heat exchanger 9 and exchanges heat with cooling liquid, condenses into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then throttles and depressurizes into low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture through first throttling device 7, enters first heat exchanger 5 and exchanges heat with air, absorbs heat to become gaseous refrigerant, and then returns to the compressor through four-way valve 1 interface two 102, four-way valve 1 interface four 104 and gas-liquid separator 3. At this time, the first heat exchanger 5 acts as an evaporator, and the second heat exchanger 9 acts as a condenser. In the battery motor circuit 200, the cooling liquid exchanges heat with the battery pack 13, and then the low-temperature cooling liquid passes through the storage tank one 11, the seventh valve 10 enters the second heat exchanger 9 and exchanges heat with the refrigerant, and the cooling liquid temperature rises to return to the battery pack 13 through the water pump one 14. The above process is repeated to realize independent heating of the battery pack through the air conditioning system.

[0105] Air conditioning system refrigeration / heating cabin mode:

[0106] Refrigeration: compressor 2 is on, four-way valve 1 is on the first state, fourth valve 28, second valve 26, second throttling device 27, fan one 4, fan two 23 are on. In air conditioning circuit 100, high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 2 through four-way valve 1 interface one 101, four-way valve 1 interface two 102 enters first heat exchanger 5 and exchanges heat with air, condenses into medium-temperature and high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and then throttles and depressurizes into low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid mixture through second throttling device 27, enters third heat exchanger 24 and exchanges heat with air, absorbs heat to become gaseous refrigerant, and then returns to the compressor through four-way valve 1 interface three 103, four-way valve 1 interface four 104 and gas-liquid separator 3. At this time, the first heat exchanger 5 acts as a condenser, and the third heat exchanger 24 acts as an evaporator. Fan two 23 drives air to exchange heat with refrigerant in third heat exchanger 24, and the cooled air is blown into the cabin. The above process is repeated to realize independent refrigeration of the cabin through the air conditioning system.

[0107] Heating: compressor 2 is on, four-way reversing valve 1 is on the second state, fourth valve 28, second valve 26, second throttling device 27, fan one 4, fan two 23 are on. In air conditioning circuit 100, high temperature and high pressure gaseous refrigerant from compressor 2 through four-way reversing valve 1 interface one 101, four-way reversing valve 1 interface three 103 into the third heat exchanger 24 and air exchange heat, condensed into medium temperature and high pressure liquid refrigerant after throttling device 27 pressure reduction into low temperature and low pressure gas-liquid mixture, into the first heat exchanger 5 and air exchange heat, heat into gaseous refrigerant, then through four-way reversing valve 1 interface two 102, four-way reversing valve 1 interface four 104 and gas-liquid separator 3 back to the compressor, at this time, the first heat exchanger 5 as an evaporator, the third heat exchanger 24 as a condenser. Fan two 23 drives air third heat exchanger 24 in the refrigerant exchange heat, the air after heating is blown into the cabin. The above process is cycled to realize independent heating cabin through the air conditioning system.

[0108] On the basis of the above embodiment, the battery pack and the cabin can realize the joint refrigeration / heating process through the air conditioning system by adjusting the four-way reversing valve state and the valve switch through the controller, as follows:

[0109] Air conditioning refrigeration battery pack and cabin mode:

[0110] Compressor 2 is on, four-way reversing valve 1 is on the first state, first valve 8, sixth valve 25, seventh valve 10, first throttling device 7, fan one 4, fan two 23 are on. The refrigerant in the air conditioning circuit 100 circulates in turn through the compressor 2, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface one 101, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface two 102, the first heat exchanger 5, the first throttling device 7, the first valve 8, the second heat exchanger 9, the sixth valve 25, the third heat exchanger 24, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface three 103, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface four 104, the gas-liquid separator 3 and the compressor 2. Among them, the first heat exchanger 5 as a condenser, the second heat exchanger 9 and the third heat exchanger 24 as an evaporator. Fan two 23 drives air third heat exchanger 24 in the refrigerant exchange heat, the air after cooling is blown into the cabin, the cooling liquid in the battery motor circuit 200 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 9, and the cooling liquid after cooling enters the battery pack 13. The above process realizes joint refrigeration of the battery pack and the cabin through the air conditioning system.

[0111] Air conditioning heating battery pack and cabin mode:

[0112] Compressor 2 is opened, four-way reversing valve 1 is opened in the second state, first valve 8, sixth valve 25, seventh valve 10, first throttling device 7, fan one 4, fan two 23 are opened. The refrigerant circulating in the air conditioning circuit 100 passes through the compressor 2, four-way reversing valve 1 interface one 101, four-way reversing valve 1 interface three 103, third heat exchanger 24, sixth valve 25, second heat exchanger 9, first valve 8, first throttling device 7, first heat exchanger 5, four-way reversing valve 1 interface two 102, four-way reversing valve 1 interface four 104, gas-liquid separator 3 and compressor 2 in turn. The first heat exchanger 5 acts as an evaporator, and the second heat exchanger 9 and the third heat exchanger 24 both act as condensers. Fan two 23 drives air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 24, and the warmed air is blown into the passenger cabin. The cooling liquid in the battery motor circuit 200 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 9, and the warmed cooling liquid enters the battery pack 13. The above process realizes joint heating of the battery pack and the passenger cabin through the air conditioning system.

[0113] Air conditioning heating battery pack, refrigeration passenger cabin mode:

[0114] Compressor 2 is opened, four-way reversing valve 1 is opened in the first state, third valve 6, second valve 26, seventh valve 10, second throttling device 27, fan two 23 are opened. The refrigerant circulating in the air conditioning circuit 100 passes through the compressor 2, four-way reversing valve 1 interface one 101, four-way reversing valve 1 interface two 102, third valve 6, second heat exchanger 9, second throttling device 27, second valve 26, third heat exchanger 24, four-way reversing valve 1 interface three 103, four-way reversing valve 1 interface four 104, gas-liquid separator 3 and compressor 2 in turn. Among them, the second heat exchanger 9 acts as a condenser, and the third heat exchanger 24 acts as an evaporator. Fan two 23 drives air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 24, and the cooled air is blown into the passenger cabin. The cooling liquid in the battery motor circuit 200 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 9, and the warmed cooling liquid enters the battery pack 13. The above process realizes joint heating of the battery pack and refrigeration of the passenger cabin through the air conditioning system.

[0115] Air conditioning refrigeration battery pack, heating passenger cabin mode:

[0116] The compressor 2 is started, the four-way reversing valve 1 is opened in the second state, the third valve 6, the second valve 26, the seventh valve 10, the second throttling device 27 and the fan two 23 are opened. The refrigerant circulating in the air conditioning circuit 100 passes through the compressor 2, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface one 101, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface three 103, the third heat exchanger 24, the second valve 26, the second throttling device 27, the second heat exchanger 9, the third valve 6, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface two 102, the four-way reversing valve 1 interface four 104, the gas-liquid separator 3 and the compressor 2 in sequence. The second heat exchanger 9 is used as an evaporator, and the third heat exchanger 24 is used as a condenser. The fan two 23 drives air to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 24, the air after being heated is blown into the passenger cabin, and the cooling liquid in the battery motor circuit 200 exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 9, and the cooling liquid after being cooled enters the battery pack 13. The above process realizes the joint refrigeration of the battery pack and heating of the passenger cabin through the air conditioning system.

[0117] On the basis of the above embodiment, in order to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization, the application also provides a plurality of battery pack and passenger cabin refrigeration / heating modes based on the air conditioning system, which are as follows:

[0118] Ambient air refrigeration battery pack mode:

[0119] The fan one 4, the water pump one 14 and the ninth valve 12 are opened, the low-temperature cooling liquid in the battery pack 13 exchanges heat with the high-temperature battery, the temperature of the cooling liquid rises, the battery obtains a cooling effect, the cooling liquid after being heated enters the first heat exchanger 5 through the ninth valve 12 and exchanges heat with the air driven by the fan one 4, the temperature of the cooling liquid drops, and the cooling liquid enters the battery pack 13 again through the water pump one 14. The above process is cyclically performed to realize ambient air refrigeration of the battery pack.

[0120] Water tank refrigeration / heating battery pack and motor mode:

[0121] Refrigeration: the water pump one 14, the tenth valve 20 and the eleventh valve 21 are opened, the low-temperature cooling liquid in the battery pack 13 exchanges heat with the high-temperature battery, the temperature of the cooling liquid rises, the battery obtains a cooling effect, the cooling liquid after being heated enters the water tank 15 through the tenth valve 20 and is cooled to a set temperature, the temperature of the cooling liquid drops, and the cooling liquid enters the battery pack 13 again through the eleventh valve 21 and the water pump one 14. After the twelfth valve 18 is opened, the motor 16 can obtain the same refrigeration effect as the battery pack.

[0122] Heating: water pump one 14, tenth valve 20, eleventh valve 21 are opened, the high temperature coolant in battery pack 13 exchanges heat with the low temperature battery, and the temperature of the coolant decreases after the heat exchange, the battery obtains heating effect, the cooled coolant enters the water tank 15 through the tenth valve 20 and is heated to the set temperature, and the coolant temperature rises again through the eleventh valve 21 and water pump one 14 and enters the battery pack 13 again. After the twelfth valve 18 is opened, the motor 16 can obtain the same cooling effect of the battery pack. The above process is cycled to realize the water tank cooling / heating battery pack and motor.

[0123] Motor waste heat heating battery pack mode:

[0124] Water pump one 14, twelfth valve 18 are opened. The high temperature motor 16 exchanges heat with the coolant, and the temperature of the coolant rises after the heat exchange. The coolant enters the battery pack 13 through the twelfth valve 18 and water pump one 14, and the high temperature coolant exchanges heat with the low temperature battery, and the battery pack 13 obtains heating effect and the temperature rises. The cooled coolant returns to the motor 16 for further heat exchange.

[0125] Battery waste heat heating cabin mode:

[0126] Water pump one 14, eighth valve 22, fan two 23 are opened. The low temperature coolant in the battery pack 13 exchanges heat with the high temperature battery, and the temperature of the coolant rises after the heat exchange, and the battery obtains cooling effect. The heated coolant enters the third heat exchanger 24 through the eighth valve 22 and exchanges heat with the air driven by the fan two 23. The heated air enters the cabin, and the cooled coolant returns to the battery pack 13 through the water pump one 14.

[0127] In the above embodiment, the whole vehicle thermal management system utilizing waste heat is set by the controller to meet the demand conditions of the above thermal management process. Based on the actual cooling / heating demand and temperature of each component, the specific thermal management process is selected and the corresponding valve is controlled and adjusted to meet the thermal management demand and the purpose of energy consumption.

[0128] The following selects an example for analysis. The suitable temperature range of the battery pack is 30-35℃, the suitable temperature range of the cabin is 27℃, and the current environment temperature is 0℃. At this time, the battery pack and the cabin both have heating demand. The air conditioner combined heating battery pack and cabin mode is opened, the temperature of the battery pack rises, and the cabin blows in the heated air. The battery pack generates heat during operation, and after a period of time, the temperature of the battery pack exceeds 35℃. At this time, the air conditioner combined heating battery pack and cabin mode is closed, and the battery waste heat heating cabin mode is opened to provide heat to the cabin while cooling the battery pack.

[0129] The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization provided by the application uses a set of systems to realize the joint / independent processing of the battery pack and the passenger cabin refrigeration or heating by the air conditioning system, promotes the energy collaborative management among the subsystems, reduces the number of parts, reduces the cost of the whole system, designs the thermal management channel for various working conditions, enriches the working strategy of the whole vehicle thermal management system, reduces the thermal management load, can improve the endurance of the electric vehicle, utilizes the waste heat of the battery pack and the motor to heat the passenger cabin, can obtain higher whole vehicle energy utilization rate, and is helpful for energy saving and emission reduction.

[0130] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function, comprising an air conditioning circuit (100) and a battery motor circuit (200), characterized in that, The air conditioning circuit (100) comprises a compressor (2) having a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, and a four-way reversing valve (1) provided with a four-way reversing valve interface one (101), a four-way reversing valve interface two (102), a four-way reversing valve interface three (103) and a four-way reversing valve interface four (104); the refrigerant outlet of the compressor (2) is connected to the four-way reversing valve interface one (101), the four-way reversing valve interface two (102) is connected to the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger (5), the first throttling device (7), the first valve (8), the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (9), the second throttling device (27), the second valve (26), the refrigerant inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger (24) and the four-way reversing valve interface three (103) in sequence through pipelines, and the four-way reversing valve interface four (104) is connected to the gas-liquid separator (3) and the refrigerant inlet of the compressor (2) in sequence, forming a series circuit, and one side of the first heat exchanger (5) is provided with a fan one (4); The air conditioning circuit (100) further comprises a third valve (6), a fourth valve (28), a fifth valve (29) and a sixth valve (25); The third valve (6) is connected to the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the first heat exchanger (5), the first throttling device (7) and the first valve (8); The fourth valve (28) is connected to the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the first throttling device (7), the first valve (8) and the second heat exchanger (9); The fifth valve (29) is connected to the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the second throttling device (27), the second valve (26) and the third heat exchanger (24); The sixth valve (25) is connected to the air conditioning series circuit through a pipeline, and forms a parallel branch circuit with the second throttling device (27) and the second valve (26), and the series circuit and the parallel pipeline form an air conditioning unit circuit; The battery motor circuit (200) comprises a battery pack (13) and a motor (16) each having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and a water pump one (14) having an outlet connected to the liquid inlet of the battery pack (13) and an inlet connected to the liquid outlet of the battery pack (13) and the inlet of the water pump one (14), and having five passages; The whole vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function further comprises a passage one pipeline, a passage two pipeline, a passage three pipeline, a passage four pipeline and a passage five pipeline; The passage one pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the battery pack (13), a storage tank one (11), a seventh valve (10), the liquid inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (9) and the inlet of the water pump one (14) in sequence; The passage two pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the battery pack (13), a storage tank one (11), an eighth valve (22), the liquid inlet and outlet of the third heat exchanger (24) and the inlet of the water pump one (14) in sequence, and one side of the third heat exchanger (24) is provided with a fan two (23); The passage three pipeline is connected to the liquid outlet of the battery pack (13), a ninth valve (12), the liquid inlet and outlet of the first heat exchanger (5) and the inlet of the water pump one (14) in sequence; The passage four pipes are connected with the battery pack (13) outlet, the water tank (15), the water pump two (19), the tenth valve (20), the eleventh valve (21) and the water pump one (14) inlet in turn. The passage five pipes are connected with the battery pack (13) outlet, the motor (16) inlet and outlet, the water pump three (17), the twelfth valve (18), the eleventh valve (21) and the water pump one (14) inlet in turn. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization further comprises a controller, and the battery pack (13), the motor (16), the first valve (8), the second valve (26), the third valve (6), the fourth valve (28), the fifth valve (29), the sixth valve (25), the seventh valve (10), the eighth valve (22), the ninth valve (12), the tenth valve (20), the eleventh valve (21) and the twelfth valve (18), the water tank (15), the fan one (4) and the fan two (23) are electrically connected with the controller and are adjusted by the controller.

2. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating medium of the air conditioning circuit (100) is refrigerant, and the circulating medium of the battery motor circuit (200) is cooling liquid.

3. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first valve (8), the second valve (26), the third valve (6), the fourth valve (28), the fifth valve (29), the sixth valve (25), the seventh valve (10), the eighth valve (22), the ninth valve (12), the tenth valve (20), the eleventh valve (21) and the twelfth valve (18) are all electromagnetic valves, the first throttling device (7) and the second throttling device (27) are both electronic expansion valves, and the water tank (15) is an electronic constant-temperature water tank.

4. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger (5) and the third heat exchanger (24) are both air heat exchangers, are provided with refrigerant inlets and outlets and cooling liquid inlets and outlets, the air inlets and outlets of the first heat exchanger (5) are connected with the external natural environment of the vehicle, the refrigerant inlets and outlets are connected with the air conditioning circuit (100), and the cooling liquid inlets and outlets are connected with the battery motor circuit (200); the air inlets and outlets of the third heat exchanger (24) are connected with the environment of the passenger cabin of the vehicle, the refrigerant inlets and outlets are connected with the air conditioning circuit (100), and the cooling liquid inlets and outlets are connected with the battery motor circuit (200). The second heat exchanger (9) is a plate heat exchanger, one side of which is connected with the air conditioning circuit (100) and the other side of which is connected with the battery motor circuit (200).

5. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fan one (4) and the fan two (23) are adjusted by the controller to give air flow. The first valve (8), the second valve (26), the third valve (6), the fourth valve (28), the fifth valve (29), the sixth valve (25), the seventh valve (10), the eighth valve (22), the ninth valve (12), the tenth valve (20), the eleventh valve (21), the twelfth valve (18), the first throttling device (7) and the second throttling device (27) are adjusted by the controller to open and close the pipeline. The water tank (15) is adjusted by the controller to adjust the temperature of the cooling liquid in the water tank (15).

6. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 5, characterized in that, The battery pack (13) is filled with cooling liquid, and the outer layer of the battery pack (13) is provided with a sealed shell heat insulation.

7. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The motor (16) is externally provided with a heat exchange structure, and the heat exchange structure is provided with a cooling liquid inlet and an outlet.

8. The vehicle thermal management system with waste heat utilization function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The four-way reversing valve (1) is used for switching a first state and a second state of an air conditioner circuit (100), in the first state, a four-way reversing valve interface one (101) and a four-way reversing valve interface two (102) are communicated, a four-way reversing valve interface three (103) and a four-way reversing valve interface four (104) are communicated, in the second state, the four-way reversing valve interface one (101) and the four-way reversing valve interface three (103) are communicated, the four-way reversing valve interface two (102) and the four-way reversing valve interface four (104) are communicated.

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