Top-charged coke oven charging method

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a top-mounted coke oven charging method, and relate to the field of coke oven charging methods. The method aims to improve the phenomenon of smoke and fire during top-mounted coke oven charging. The method comprises controlling the second part of the guide sleeve away from the machine side of the coke oven to charge at low speed; after the second part of the guide sleeve charges at low speed for a first preset time, controlling the first part of the guide sleeve close to the machine side of the coke oven to charge at low speed, and simultaneously controlling the second part of the guide sleeve to charge at high speed; after the first part of the guide sleeve charges at low speed for a second preset time, controlling the first part of the guide sleeve to charge at high speed. The second part of the guide sleeve charges first, which produces less smoke and gas, and compresses towards the gas collecting pipe side, achieving better dust removal effect; after the first preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve charges, and at this time, the second part of the guide sleeve is just in the high-speed charging stage, and the negative pressure generated by high-speed charging avoids the smoke and gas leakage generated by low-speed charging of the first part of the guide sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coke oven charging methods, and more specifically, to a top-loading coke oven charging method. Background Technology

[0002] The coke oven uses OPR (Operating Pressure Regulation) technology for coal charging, employing negative pressure charging. During the charging operation, the furnace is kept under negative pressure to draw the flue gas generated during charging into the gas collecting pipe, preventing its external discharge. However, during the charging operation, the four guide sleeves simultaneously charge at low speed for 15 revolutions before switching to high speed, generating a large amount of flue gas. This prevents the negative pressure inside the furnace from completely drawing the flue gas into the gas collecting pipe, resulting in a significant amount of flue gas being discharged externally. Furthermore, the existing gas collecting pipe's suction power is insufficient to handle the high-pressure phenomenon of instantaneous smoke emission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention includes, for example, providing a method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven that can improve the phenomenon of smoke and fire during coal charging in a top-loading coke oven.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0005] An embodiment of the present invention provides a top-loading coke oven charging method for charging coal into the coke oven. The coke oven has a machine side and a coke side located opposite each other. A gas collecting pipe is provided on the machine side of the coke oven, and multiple sets of guide sleeves are arranged at intervals along the direction from the machine side to the coke side. The top-loading coke oven charging method includes:

[0006] Control the second part of the guide sleeve, which is away from the coke oven machine side, to charge coal into the furnace at a low speed;

[0007] After the second part of the guide sleeve is charged with coal at low speed for a first preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve near the coke oven machine side is controlled to charge coal into the furnace at low speed, while the second part of the guide sleeve is controlled to charge coal into the furnace at high speed.

[0008] After the first part of the guide sleeve is loaded with coal at low speed for a second preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve is controlled to load coal into the furnace at high speed.

[0009] The multiple guide sleeves are divided into a first part of the guide sleeves near the machine side and a second part of the guide sleeves near the coke side along the direction from the coke oven machine side to the coke side. The first part of the guide sleeves is connected to the machine side near the coke oven relative to the second part. The coal charging speed of the guide sleeves for low-speed coal charging is less than the coal charging speed of the guide sleeves for high-speed coal charging.

[0010] In addition, the top-loading coke oven coal charging method provided in the embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] Optionally, the first preset time ranges from 15±1 seconds, and the second preset time ranges from 15±1 seconds.

[0012] Optionally, the first preset time is equal to the second preset time.

[0013] Optionally, the number of low-speed coal loading cycles for the first part of the guide sleeve and the second part of the guide sleeve is in the range of 3-4 cycles.

[0014] Optionally, both the first part of the guide sleeve and the second part of the guide sleeve perform 3 charging cycles for low-speed coal loading.

[0015] Optionally, the multiple sets of guide sleeves include a first set of guide sleeves, a second set of guide sleeves, a third set of guide sleeves, and a fourth set of guide sleeves arranged sequentially and at intervals from the coke oven machine side to the coke side. The first part of the guide sleeves includes the first set of guide sleeves and the second set of guide sleeves, and the second part of the guide sleeves includes the third set of guide sleeves and the fourth set of guide sleeves.

[0016] Optionally, the top-loading coke oven charging method further includes a step after both the first part of the guide sleeve and the second part of the guide sleeve have entered the high-speed charging stage:

[0017] The system controls any one of the first and second guide sleeves to stop loading coal when the number of coal loading turns reaches a preset number, until the number of coal loading turns of all the guide sleeves in the first and second parts reaches the preset number of turns, then controls all the guide sleeves in the first and second parts to perform level coal loading.

[0018] Optionally, the loading speed of the first part of the guide sleeve and all the guide sleeves in the second part of the guide sleeve during the coal loading process is medium-speed coal loading, wherein the loading speed of the low-speed coal loading is less than the loading speed of the medium-speed coal loading and the loading speed of the high-speed coal loading.

[0019] Optionally, the low-speed coal loading speed is 3-5 Hz, the medium-speed coal loading speed is 20-22 Hz, and the high-speed coal loading speed is 40-42 Hz.

[0020] Optionally, all guide sleeves in the first and second parts of the guide sleeve have the same number of loading cycles during the coal loading process.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the top-loading coke oven coal charging method of this invention include, for example:

[0022] The top-loading coke oven charging method includes: controlling the second part of the guide sleeve away from the coke oven machine side to charge coal into the oven at a low speed; after the second part of the guide sleeve has been charging coal at a low speed for a first preset time, controlling the first part of the guide sleeve near the coke oven machine side to charge coal into the oven at a low speed, while simultaneously controlling the second part of the guide sleeve to charge coal into the oven at a high speed; after the first part of the guide sleeve has been charging coal at a low speed for a second preset time, controlling the first part of the guide sleeve to charge coal into the oven at a high speed.

[0023] This invention controls the logical sequence of coal charging, setting the simultaneous coal charging of multiple guide sleeves to begin from the second guide sleeve furthest from the coke oven machine side, while the first guide sleeve near the coke oven machine side does not charge. When the second guide sleeve furthest from the coke oven machine side begins charging, it is a low-speed charging process. Since the first guide sleeve does not produce flue gas, the high-pressure flue gas generated during coal charging in the second guide sleeve can directly diffuse towards the machine side. Furthermore, the negative pressure inside the furnace is sufficient, allowing the high-pressure flue gas to enter the gas collecting pipe with maximum efficiency, thus preventing flue gas leakage through the furnace body. After the low-speed charging of the second guide sleeve is completed, the high-speed charging stage begins, while the first guide sleeve begins low-speed charging. According to Galilean relativity, an object moving at high speed in the air can be considered stationary, while the air flows rapidly around the object. If a certain flow rate is reached, a reverse gradient will appear on the surface of the object, generating negative hydrostatic pressure. This creates negative pressure in the surrounding air. Therefore, when the first guide sleeve begins low-speed coal charging, the second guide sleeve enters high-speed coal charging, generating negative pressure within the furnace and reducing gas leakage during the low-speed charging of the first guide sleeve. The first guide sleeve has a gas collecting pipe on one side and the negative pressure generated by the second guide sleeve on the other, preventing further gas leakage. Through this control, the problem of instantaneous high pressure generated by multiple guide sleeves charging simultaneously, which the gas collecting pipe cannot absorb in time, is avoided, thus improving the smoke and fire phenomena during coke oven coal charging. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure inside a coke oven provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a top-loading coke oven coal charging method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Icons: 100-coke oven; 110-gas collecting pipe; 101-machine side; 102-coke side; 200-coal car; 210-first part guide sleeve; 211-first group guide sleeve; 212-second group guide sleeve; 220-second part guide sleeve; 221-third group guide sleeve; 222-fourth group guide sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0034] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 2 The coal charging method for the top-loading coke oven 100 provided in this embodiment is described in detail.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 2The present invention provides a method for charging coal into a top-loading coke oven 100, which is used to charge coal into the coke oven 100. The coke oven 100 has a machine side 101 and a coke side 102 located opposite each other. A gas collecting pipe 110 is provided on the machine side 101 of the coke oven 100, and multiple sets of guide sleeves are arranged at intervals along the direction from the machine side 101 to the coke side 102 of the coke oven 100. The method for charging coal into the top-loading coke oven 100 includes:

[0036] Step S1: Control the second part of the guide sleeve 220, which is far away from the machine side 101 of the coke oven 100, to charge coal into the furnace at a low speed;

[0037] Step S2: After the second part of the guide sleeve 220 has been loaded with coal at low speed for a first preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve 210, which is close to the machine side 101 of the coke oven 100, is controlled to load coal into the furnace at low speed, while the second part of the guide sleeve 220 is controlled to load coal into the furnace at high speed.

[0038] Step S3: After the first part of the guide sleeve 210 has been loaded with coal at low speed for a second preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve 210 is controlled to load coal into the furnace at high speed.

[0039] Among them, multiple sets of guide sleeves are divided into a first part guide sleeve 210 near the machine side 101 and a second part guide sleeve 220 near the coke side 102 along the direction from the machine side 101 to the coke side 102 of the coke oven 100. The first part guide sleeve 210 is connected to the machine side 101 of the coke oven 100 relative to the second part. The coal charging speed of the guide sleeve for low-speed coal charging is less than the coal charging speed of the guide sleeve for high-speed coal charging.

[0040] During its rotation, the guide sleeve delivers coal into the coke oven 100. "Number of coal charging revolutions" refers to the number of revolutions the guide sleeve makes, and "coal charging speed" refers to the speed at which the guide sleeve rotates, i.e., the frequency of its rotation. In this embodiment, the coal charging speed for low-speed charging is 3-5 Hz, for example, 3 / 4 / 5 Hz; for medium-speed charging, it is 20-22 Hz, for example, 20 / 21 / 22 Hz; and for high-speed charging, it is 40-42 Hz, for example, 40 / 41 / 42 Hz.

[0041] Reference Figure 1The left side of the coke oven 100 is the machine side 101, which is equipped with a gas collecting pipe 110 that provides negative pressure. The right side of the coke oven 100 is the coke side 102, which is the side where coke exits. Multiple sets of guide sleeves are spaced apart from the machine side 101 to the coke side 102. The coal car 200 charges coal into the oven through these guide sleeves. Each set of guide sleeves includes multiple guide sleeves arranged at intervals along a direction perpendicular to the coke oven 100 from the machine side 101 to the coke side 102. The charging of coal into the multiple guide sleeves within each set is carried out synchronously. Multiple guide sleeves are divided into a first part guide sleeve 210 and a second part guide sleeve 220 from the machine side 101 to the focal side 102. The first part guide sleeve 210 includes several groups of guide sleeves, and the second part includes several groups of guide sleeves. The specific number of groups can be divided according to the actual situation, but the guide sleeves closer to the machine side 101 are the first part guide sleeve 210, and the guide sleeves farther away from the machine side 101 and closer to the focal side 102 are the second part guide sleeve 220.

[0042] In the first stage, the second guide sleeve 220, located away from the coke oven 100 machine side 101, undergoes low-speed coal charging, resulting in better dust removal and less flue gas generation. When the coke oven 100 is charged under negative pressure, the negative pressure-generating gas collecting pipe 110 is located on the machine side 101, close to the first guide sleeve 210. When all guide sleeves are charged simultaneously, the instantaneous high-pressure flue gas cannot be absorbed by the gas collecting pipe 110 in time and leaks out through the charging holes. If coal charging begins from the first guide sleeve 210, the high-pressure flue gas generated diffuses towards the coke side 102, away from the gas collecting pipe 110, leading to flue gas leakage. Only when the second guide sleeve 220 begins charging does the high-pressure flue gas diffuse towards the machine side 101, maximizing the efficiency of drawing the flue gas into the gas collecting pipe 110 and preventing leakage.

[0043] Meanwhile, the second part, guide sleeve 220, adopts low-speed coal loading. The low speed at the beginning of coal loading is to detect whether there is a blockage in the guide sleeve, so as to avoid direct high speed causing blockage in the guide sleeve, making cleaning difficult and affecting production efficiency.

[0044] In the second stage, when the first guide sleeve 210 is charging coal at a low speed, the second guide sleeve 220 is simultaneously charging coal at a high speed. This creates a negative pressure within the furnace, reducing gas leakage that occurred during the low-speed charging of the first guide sleeve 210. According to Galilean relativity, an object moving at high speed in the air can be considered stationary, while the air flows rapidly around it. If a certain flow velocity is reached, a reverse gradient will appear on the surface of the object, generating negative hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, negative pressure will form in the surrounding air, preventing gas leakage.

[0045] In this design, both the first guide sleeve 210 and the second guide sleeve 220 perform low-speed coal loading followed by high-speed coal loading. However, the second guide sleeve 220 loads coal before the first guide sleeve 210, and the second guide sleeve 220 begins high-speed coal loading just as the first guide sleeve 210 is loading. By improving the logical sequence of coal loading, smoke emission during coal loading is reduced.

[0046] In this embodiment, the range of the first preset time is 15 ± 1 seconds, and the range of the second preset time is 15 ± 1 seconds. The first preset time is 15 or 16 seconds. The second preset time is 15 or 16 seconds.

[0047] In this embodiment, the first preset time is equal to the second preset time. Both the first preset time and the second preset time are 15 seconds.

[0048] In this embodiment, the number of low-speed coal loading cycles for the first guide sleeve 210 and the second guide sleeve 220 ranges from 3 to 4 cycles. The number of loading cycles is either 3 or 4.

[0049] In this embodiment, both the first guide sleeve 210 and the second guide sleeve 220 perform 3 charging revolutions during low-speed coal charging. The original excessive number of low-speed revolutions resulted in prolonged low-speed coal charging time and frequent smoke and fire. By continuously modifying the number of low-speed coal charging revolutions and observing the effects of the modifications with on-site process personnel, the final number of low-speed revolutions was set to 3. This not only does not affect the hopper blockage detection but also minimizes the smoke and fire time during low-speed coal charging.

[0050] In this embodiment, the number of loading cycles for low-speed coal charging is 3-4. The number of loading cycles for high-speed coal charging = total number of loading cycles - number of loading cycles for low-speed coal charging - number of leveling coal charging cycles. The number of leveling coal charging cycles is the number of loading cycles during the leveling coal charging stage. This calculation formula applies to the number of loading cycles for a single guide sleeve. All guide sleeves first undergo low-speed coal charging, then enter high-speed coal charging, and then proceed to the leveling coal charging stage.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 In this embodiment, the multiple sets of guide sleeves include a first set of guide sleeves 211, a second set of guide sleeves 212, a third set of guide sleeves 221 and a fourth set of guide sleeves 222 arranged sequentially and at intervals along the machine side 101 to the coke side 102 of the coke oven 100. The first part of the guide sleeves 210 includes the first set of guide sleeves 211 and the second set of guide sleeves 212, and the second part of the guide sleeves 220 includes the third set of guide sleeves 221 and the fourth set of guide sleeves 222.

[0052] Reference Figure 1From left to right, the guide sleeves are arranged as follows: first group 211, second group 212, third group 221, and fourth group 222. The third group 221 and fourth group 222 first perform low-speed coal loading for a first preset time. Then, while the first group 211 and second group 212 are performing low-speed coal loading, the third group 221 and fourth group 222 simultaneously begin high-speed coal loading. In other embodiments, five, six, or seven groups of guide sleeves can be used. The division of the first part of the guide sleeves 210 and the second part of the guide sleeves 220 can be even, or differ by one or two groups.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 In this embodiment, the coal charging method for the top-loading coke oven 100 further includes the step after both the first part of the guide sleeve 210 and the second part of the guide sleeve 220 have entered the high-speed coal charging stage:

[0054] Step S4: Control any one of the first guide sleeve 210 and the second guide sleeve 220 to stop loading coal when the number of coal loading circles reaches the preset number of circles, until the number of coal loading circles of all guide sleeves in the first guide sleeve 210 and the second guide sleeve 220 reaches the preset number of circles, then control all guide sleeves in the first guide sleeve 210 and the second guide sleeve 220 to perform level coal loading.

[0055] "Preset number of cycles" is a value used to measure the entry into the leveling coal loading stage. Preset number of cycles = total number of coal loading cycles - number of leveling coal loading cycles in the leveling coal loading stage. When the guide sleeve changes from low-speed coal loading to high-speed coal loading, and the cumulative number of coal loading cycles reaches the preset number of cycles, the leveling coal loading stage is entered.

[0056] When the number of coal loading turns of a certain guide sleeve reaches the preset number of turns, the number of coal loading turns is set to 0. When all guide sleeves reach the preset number of turns, leveling and coal loading are carried out simultaneously. Leveling is completed by leveling equipment.

[0057] In this embodiment, the coal loading speed of all guide sleeves in the first part guide sleeve 210 and the second part guide sleeve 220 during the coal loading process is medium speed coal loading, wherein the coal loading speed of low speed coal loading is less than the coal loading speed of medium speed coal loading and the coal loading speed of high speed coal loading.

[0058] After all guide sleeves have reached the preset number of turns, the coal leveling mechanism is activated to level the coal. If the coal loading is uneven, excess coal needs to be leveled, which requires a coal leveling process. While leveling the coal, all guide sleeves are controlled to load coal at a medium speed.

[0059] In this embodiment, all guide sleeves in the first part 210 and the second part 220 have the same number of coal loading turns during the coal leveling and loading process. That is, the number of coal leveling turns is the same, which refers to the number of coal loading turns of the guide sleeve during the coal leveling and loading stage. The first group of guide sleeves 211, the second group of guide sleeves 212, the third group of guide sleeves 221, and the fourth group of guide sleeves 222 have the same number of coal leveling turns.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 According to the coal charging method for a top-loading coke oven 100 provided in this embodiment, the working principle of the coal charging method for the top-loading coke oven 100 is as follows: To address the smoke emission during coal charging in the coke oven 100, the logical order of coal charging is modified to reduce smoke emission during charging. First, the coal charging order of the guide sleeves is changed. The first group of guide sleeves 211, the second group of guide sleeves 212, the third group of guide sleeves 221, and the fourth group of guide sleeves 222 are designated as guide sleeves 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.

[0061] On the coke side (102), guide sleeves 3 and 4 begin low-speed coal loading. After 15 seconds, guide sleeves 3 and 4 enter high-speed coal loading, while guide sleeves 1 and 2 on the machine side (101) begin low-speed coal loading. After 15 seconds, guide sleeves 1 and 2 enter high-speed coal loading. Simultaneously, the number of low-speed coal loading cycles is changed to 3, and guide sleeves 1-4 all begin with 3 cycles. When the number of coal loading cycles for any guide sleeve reaches the preset number, the loading speed is set to 0. Medium-speed coal loading only begins when all four guide sleeves simultaneously reach the preset number of cycles.

[0062] The coal charging method for a top-loading coke oven 100 provided in this embodiment has at least the following advantages:

[0063] The second guide sleeve 220, located away from the coke oven 100 machine side 101, begins low-speed coal charging. The resulting high-pressure flue gas diffuses towards the machine side 101, maximizing the efficiency of drawing the flue gas into the gas collecting pipe 110 and preventing instantaneous high pressure that could lead to flue gas leakage. The initial low-speed charging is to check for blockages in the guide sleeve, avoiding direct high-speed charging that could cause blockages, making cleaning difficult and affecting production efficiency. It also prevents instantaneous high pressure that could lead to flue gas leakage. Then, the first guide sleeve begins low-speed coal charging, while the second guide sleeve begins high-speed coal charging. According to Galilean relativity, a high-speed object in the air can be considered stationary, while air flows rapidly around it. If a certain velocity is reached, a reverse gradient will appear on the surface of the object, generating negative hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, the surrounding air will form a negative pressure. Thus, when the first guide sleeve 210 begins low-speed coal charging, the second guide sleeve 220 enters high-speed coal charging, generating negative pressure within the furnace and reducing flue gas leakage during the low-speed charging of the first guide sleeve 210. By improving the logical sequence of coal loading, instantaneous high pressure can be avoided and smoke can be reduced during coal loading.

[0064] Previously, all guide sleeves simultaneously underwent 15 low-speed coal charging rotations, resulting in excessive positive pressure and prolonged low-speed operation. This caused the furnace to maintain positive pressure for an extended period, forcing flue gas to leak out. Improvements were made to the coal charging sequence and the number of low-speed rotations. The second guide sleeve 220 begins charging first, generating less flue gas, which is then compressed towards the gas collecting pipe 110, resulting in better dust removal. After a pre-set time, the first guide sleeve 210 begins charging, coinciding with the second guide sleeve 220 entering its high-speed charging phase. The negative pressure generated by the high-speed charging prevents the flue gas from leaking out during the low-speed charging of the first guide sleeve 210. These improvements to the coal charging control logic significantly reduced smoke during the charging process.

[0065] The original inconsistent number of coal leveling rings led to inconsistent coal loading in the guide sleeves during leveling operations, resulting in severe smoke emission. By modifying the leveling logic to ensure that leveling operations only proceed after all guide sleeves have reached the preset number of rings, the number of rings is consistent, and the smoke emission during leveling is significantly improved.

[0066] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for charging coal into a top-loading coke oven (100), wherein the coke oven (100) has a machine side (101) and a coke side (102) located opposite each other, a gas collecting pipe (110) is provided on the machine side (101) of the coke oven (100), and multiple sets of guide sleeves are arranged at intervals along the direction from the machine side (101) to the coke side (102) of the coke oven (100), characterized in that, Top-loading coke oven charging methods include: Control the second part of the guide sleeve (220) away from the machine side (101) of the coke oven (100) to charge coal into the furnace at a low speed; After the second part of the guide sleeve (220) performs low-speed coal charging for a first preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve (210) near the machine side (101) of the coke oven (100) is controlled to perform low-speed coal charging into the furnace, while the second part of the guide sleeve (220) is controlled to perform high-speed coal charging into the furnace. After the first part of the guide sleeve (210) is loaded with coal at low speed for a second preset time, the first part of the guide sleeve (210) is controlled to load coal into the furnace at high speed. Among them, multiple sets of guide sleeves are divided into the first part guide sleeve (210) near the machine side (101) and the second part guide sleeve (220) near the coke side (102) along the direction from the machine side (101) to the coke side (102). The first part guide sleeve (210) is closer to the machine side (101) of the coke oven (100) than the second part guide sleeve (220). The top-loading coke oven charging method further includes the step after both the first part of the guide sleeve (210) and the second part of the guide sleeve (220) have entered the high-speed charging stage: Control any one of the first part guide sleeve (210) and the second part guide sleeve (220) to stop loading coal when the number of coal loading circles reaches the preset number of circles, until the number of coal loading circles of all the guide sleeves in the first part guide sleeve (210) and the second part guide sleeve (220) reaches the preset number of circles, then control all the guide sleeves in the first part guide sleeve (210) and the second part guide sleeve (220) to perform level coal loading; The first part of the guide sleeve (210) and the second part of the guide sleeve (220) are all loaded at a medium speed during the coal loading process, wherein the loading speed of the low speed coal loading is less than the loading speed of the medium speed coal loading and the loading speed of the high speed coal loading.

2. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first preset time ranges from 15 ± 1 seconds, and the second preset time ranges from 15 ± 1 seconds.

3. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first preset time is equal to the second preset time.

4. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of low-speed coal loading cycles for the first part of the guide sleeve (210) and the second part of the guide sleeve (220) ranges from 3 to 4 cycles.

5. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first part of the guide sleeve (210) and the second part of the guide sleeve (220) both have 3 charging turns for low-speed coal loading.

6. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple sets of guide sleeves include a first set of guide sleeves (211), a second set of guide sleeves (212), a third set of guide sleeves (221) and a fourth set of guide sleeves (222) arranged sequentially at intervals along the machine side (101) to the coke side (102) of the coke oven (100). The first part of the guide sleeve (210) includes the first set of guide sleeves (211) and the second set of guide sleeves (212), and the second part of the guide sleeve (220) includes the third set of guide sleeves (221) and the fourth set of guide sleeves (222).

7. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-speed coal loading speed is 3-5 Hz, the medium-speed coal loading speed is 20-22 Hz, and the high-speed coal loading speed is 40-42 Hz.

8. The method for charging coal in a top-loading coke oven according to claim 1, characterized in that: All guide sleeves in the first part (210) and the second part (220) have the same number of loading cycles during the coal loading process.

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