A device and method for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device and method for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression, comprising a main compression device, a heat exchange device, a gas storage device, an expansion device, a secondary compression device, a power transmission device, a boosting device, a pressure regulating valve, and a check valve. The heat exchange device transfers the heat energy in the compressed hydrogen to a waste heat recovery medium and transports the compressed hydrogen after cooling to the gas storage device; at the same time, the waste heat recovery medium after heat exchange is transported to the expansion device and converted into the mechanical power required to drive the secondary compression device and the boosting device, thereby continuously circulating the waste heat recovery medium and compressing the hydrogen in the secondary compression device. The present invention utilizes a heat exchange device and an expansion device to recover the heat energy in the hot compressed hydrogen, thereby realizing the production of compressed hydrogen using the waste heat in the compressed hydrogen and further improving the performance of the hydrogen compression device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of industrial hydrogen compression and heat energy recovery and utilization, and more specifically, relates to a device and method for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression. Background Art

[0002] Faced with the gradual depletion of traditional fossil fuels and the deteriorating global environment, countries around the world are actively searching for new clean energy sources. Hydrogen energy is gaining increasing attention worldwide due to its abundant reserves, environmentally friendly properties, and economic viability. To promote the development of hydrogen energy, improving hydrogen infrastructure is essential. Hydrogen compressors are a key component of hydrogen storage.

[0003] During the process of producing compressed hydrogen, hydrogen compressors consume a significant amount of electricity. In typical hydrogen compressors, the energy used to increase the potential energy of hydrogen accounts for approximately 45% of total power consumption. The remainder is converted to heat and dissipated, resulting in low energy efficiency. A small amount of heat is dissipated through the hydrogen compressor itself, while the majority of the heat is discharged into the air through air or water cooling, resulting in energy waste. Recovering and reusing the heat energy from the hydrogen compression process is a key means of improving the energy efficiency of hydrogen compressors. Therefore, recovering waste heat from hydrogen compressors is highly valuable; theoretically, 94% of the heat lost by hydrogen compressors can be recovered. For example, the exhaust temperature of a hydrogen compressor is typically around 160°C. Heat exchangers are typically used to recover this waste heat, transferring heat from a hot fluid to a cold fluid, achieving heat exchange.

[0004] Patent 201810579212.8 utilizes the heat from high-temperature waste gas to generate high-pressure hydrogen for power generation. This mixture of high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen and a working fluid enters an expander, where it expands and generates work, driving a generator to generate electricity. The heat from the mixture exhausted by the expander is cooled and then directly discharged into the environment, resulting in heat waste. Patent 201810378714.4 utilizes the waste heat from high-temperature gas to generate high-pressure hydrogen to drive the expander, generate power, and absorb hydrogen. Using metal hydrides for hydrogen absorption and desorption can easily affect the rate of hydrogen desorption, compromising the efficiency of waste heat utilization.

[0005] The technology of heat exchangers is relatively mature now. For example, the heat transfer coefficient of eddy current heat film heat exchanger is 6000-8000W / m 2 ℃, up to 10000W / m 2℃, heat-resistant temperature up to 400℃, can withstand very high pressure, and has a fast heat exchange rate, making it fully applicable to the waste heat recovery of hot compressed hydrogen. Compared with traditional hydrogen compressors, the use of heat exchange devices for waste heat recovery can improve the energy utilization rate of hydrogen compression systems.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to design a device and method for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression to effectively solve the problems of low hydrogen compression energy utilization efficiency and insufficient waste heat recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention proposes a device and method for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression, and its specific technical solution is as follows:

[0008] A device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression, comprising a main compression device, a heat exchange device, a gas storage device, an expansion device, a secondary compression device, a power transmission device, a pressure-boosting device, a pressure regulating valve, and a check valve. The main compression device is provided with a first hydrogen inlet and a first hydrogen outlet, the first hydrogen outlet is connected to a second hydrogen inlet on the heat exchange device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the second hydrogen outlet on the heat exchange device is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline; the secondary compression device is provided with a third hydrogen inlet and a third hydrogen outlet, the third hydrogen outlet is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen pipeline between the third hydrogen outlet and the gas storage device is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline. A pressure regulating valve and a check valve are installed at the same time; a waste heat recovery medium outlet 1 and a waste heat recovery medium inlet 1 are also provided on the heat exchange device. The waste heat recovery medium outlet 1 is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 2 on the expansion device through a waste heat recovery medium pipeline. The waste heat recovery medium outlet 2 on the expansion device is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 3 on the boosting device through a waste heat recovery medium pipeline. The waste heat recovery medium outlet 3 on the boosting device is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 1 through a waste heat recovery medium pipeline. The expansion device is also connected to a power transmission device, which provides drive for the boosting device and the secondary compression device.

[0009] Preferably, the hydrogen outlet 3 on the secondary compression device and the pressure regulating valve can be further connected to the next stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device to form a multi-stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device, and the multi-stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device shares a gas storage device;

[0010] The auxiliary compression device in the previous stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is used as the main compression device in the next stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device. The hydrogen outlet 2 of the heat exchange device in each stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet 3 on the auxiliary compression device in the last stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is further connected to the gas storage device through a pressure regulating valve and a check valve.

[0011] Preferably, the main compression device, the auxiliary compression device and the gas storage device are all devices with the functions of compressing hydrogen and storing compressed hydrogen.

[0012] Preferably, the heat exchange device has a heat energy transfer function, which is used to transfer the heat energy in the compressed hydrogen input into the heat exchange device to the waste heat recovery medium;

[0013] Heat exchange transfers the heat in the compressed hydrogen to the waste heat recovery medium, and calculates the average specific constant pressure heat capacity of the compressed hydrogen. According to the formula

[0014]

[0015] The temperatures of the hot compressed hydrogen before and after heat exchange are t1 and t2 respectively. The mass flow rate of the hydrogen compressed by the main compression device is Calculate the heat energy recovered from hot compressed hydrogen,

[0016]

[0017] Preferably, the expansion device is used to convert the heat energy in the waste heat recovery medium into mechanical power for driving the secondary compression device and the boosting device;

[0018] η1 represents the efficiency of conversion into compressed hydrogen potential energy, η2 represents the efficiency of conversion into heat energy, the total power consumption of the main compression device for one hour is Qkw.h, calculate the total power input of the main compression device into heat, using the formula

[0019] Q 总 =Q kw.h×1h×3600kj / (kw.h)

[0020] The total heat converted by the main compression device during operation

[0021] Q1=Q 总 ×η2

[0022] The heat recovery rate is

[0023]

[0024] The power transmission device distributes the mechanical power transmitted from the expansion device to the supercharging device and the auxiliary compression device in a power ratio of η4:η5. The energy consumption efficiency of the power transmission device in the power transmission process is η6, of which the part of the recovered heat converted into the compressed hydrogen potential energy of the auxiliary compression device is

[0025]

[0026] Preferably, the boosting device is used to pressurize the waste heat recovery medium output by the expansion device; the pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the pressure of the compressed hydrogen output by the secondary compression device; and the check valve is used to prevent the compressed hydrogen from flowing back.

[0027] The present invention also provides a method for generating compressed hydrogen using waste heat from the above-mentioned device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression, comprising the following steps: compression, heat exchange, energy conversion, and gas storage;

[0028] Compression includes:

[0029] Compressed hydrogen: Hydrogen enters the main compression device and the auxiliary compression device for compression. The pressure of hydrogen increases, generating the required compressed hydrogen and compression heat;

[0030] Waste heat recovery medium pressurization: The waste heat recovery medium enters the booster device for pressurization. The pressure of the waste heat recovery medium increases to ensure that the waste heat recovery medium has sufficient pressure to smoothly enter the heat exchange device, so as to complete the waste heat recovery medium circulation in the heat exchange device, expansion device, and booster device;

[0031] Heat exchange: The heat energy in the hot compressed hydrogen is transferred to the waste heat recovery medium in the heat exchange device, which reduces the temperature of the compressed hydrogen input to the gas storage device and increases the temperature of the waste heat recovery medium input to the expansion device, thus completing the heat exchange;

[0032] Energy conversion: In the expansion device, the heat energy in the waste heat recovery medium is converted into mechanical power through expansion. Through the power transmission device, the required power is provided to the secondary compression device and the supercharging device. The heat energy is converted into mechanical power to drive the secondary compression device and the supercharging device.

[0033] Storage: The compressed hydrogen output by the heat exchange device is transported to the gas storage device for storage, and the compressed hydrogen output by the auxiliary compression device is pressure-regulated by the pressure regulating valve and then transported to the gas storage device for storage.

[0034] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] The present invention introduces a heat exchange device, an expansion device, a power transmission device and a supercharging device. The expansion device is used to convert the thermal energy in the hot compressed hydrogen into mechanical power for driving the sub-compression device and the supercharging device. The power transmission device is used to distribute the mechanical power transmitted from the expansion device, so as to recover and reuse the thermal energy in the hot compressed hydrogen, thereby realizing the use of waste heat in the hot compressed hydrogen to generate compressed hydrogen, improving the energy utilization rate in hydrogen compression, and the mechanical power for driving the sub-compression device and the supercharging device is completely converted from the heat energy recovered from the waste heat, thereby improving the performance of the hydrogen compression device.

[0036] Furthermore, when the number of heat recovery stages is sufficient, the present invention can efficiently recover the total heat generated by the hydrogen compression device and convert it into the potential energy of compressed hydrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression proposed in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a device for recovering three-stage waste heat from hydrogen compression proposed in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1-hydrogen pipeline, 2-main compression device, 3-heat exchange device, 3'-secondary heat exchange device, 3"-tertiary heat exchange device, 4-gas storage device, 5-expansion device, 5'-secondary expansion device, 5"-tertiary expansion device, 6-power transmission device, 6'-secondary power transmission device, 6"-tertiary power transmission device, 7-waste heat recovery medium pipeline, 7'-secondary waste heat recovery medium pipeline, 7"-tertiary waste heat recovery medium pipeline, 8-boosting device, 8'-secondary boosting device, 8"-tertiary boosting Device, 9- auxiliary compression device, 9'-secondary auxiliary compression device, 9"-third-stage auxiliary compression device, 10-pressure regulating valve, 11-check valve, 12-hydrogen inlet one, 13-hydrogen outlet one, 14-hydrogen inlet two, 15-hydrogen outlet two, 16-hydrogen inlet three, 17-hydrogen outlet three, 18-waste heat recovery medium outlet one, 19-waste heat recovery medium inlet one, 20-waste heat recovery medium inlet two, 21-waste heat recovery medium outlet two, 22-waste heat recovery medium inlet three, 23-waste heat recovery medium outlet three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression, comprising a main compression device 2, a heat exchange device 3, a gas storage device 4, an expansion device 5, a secondary compression device 9, a power transmission device 6, a boosting device 8, a pressure regulating valve 10 and a check valve 11.

[0046] Among them, the main compression device 2 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 12 and a hydrogen outlet 13, the hydrogen outlet 13 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 2 14 on the heat exchange device 3 through the hydrogen pipeline 1, and the hydrogen outlet 2 15 on the heat exchange device 3 is connected to the gas storage device 4 through the hydrogen pipeline 1; the secondary compression device 9 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 3 16 and a hydrogen outlet 3 17, the hydrogen outlet 3 17 is connected to the gas storage device 4 through the hydrogen pipeline 1, and a pressure regulating valve 10 and a check valve 11 are installed in sequence on the hydrogen pipeline 1 between the hydrogen outlet 3 17 and the gas storage device 4.

[0047] The heat exchange device 3 is also provided with a waste heat recovery medium outlet 18 and a waste heat recovery medium inlet 19. The waste heat recovery medium outlet 18 is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 20 on the expansion device 5 through the waste heat recovery medium pipeline 7. The waste heat recovery medium outlet 21 on the expansion device 5 is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 3 22 on the boosting device 8 through the waste heat recovery medium pipeline 7. The waste heat recovery medium outlet 3 23 on the boosting device 8 is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 19 through the waste heat recovery medium pipeline 7.

[0048] The expansion device 5 is also connected to a power transmission device 6 , which provides drive for the supercharging device 8 and the secondary compression device 9 .

[0049] In this embodiment, the main compression device 2, the auxiliary compression device 9 and the gas storage device 4 are all devices with the functions of compressing hydrogen and storing compressed hydrogen.

[0050] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device 3 has the function of transferring heat energy, and has the function of transferring the heat energy in the hot compressed hydrogen input into the heat exchange device 3 to the waste heat recovery medium. The waste heat recovery medium can be hydrogen, carbon dioxide, inert gas or liquid and gas with stable properties.

[0051] Heat exchange transfers the heat in the compressed hydrogen to the waste heat recovery medium, and calculates the average specific constant pressure heat capacity of the compressed hydrogen. According to the formula

[0052]

[0053] The temperatures of the hot compressed hydrogen before and after heat exchange are t1 and t2 respectively. The mass flow rate of the compressed hydrogen in the main compression device 2 is Calculate the heat energy recovered from hot compressed hydrogen,

[0054]

[0055] In this embodiment, the expansion device 5 is used to convert the heat energy in the waste heat recovery medium into mechanical power to drive the secondary compression device 9 to compress hydrogen and the boosting device 8 to pressurize the waste heat recovery medium.

[0056] η1 represents the efficiency of conversion into compressed hydrogen potential energy, η2 represents the efficiency of conversion into heat energy, the total power consumption of the main compression device for one hour is Qkw.h, calculate the total power input of the main compression device into heat, using the formula

[0057] Q 总 =Q kw.h×1h×3600kj / (kw.h)

[0058] The total heat converted by the main compression device during operation

[0059] Q1=Q 总 ×η2

[0060] The heat recovery rate is

[0061]

[0062] The power transmission device 6 distributes the mechanical power transmitted from the expansion device 5. The power ratio of the power transmission device 6 to the supercharging device 8 and the auxiliary compression device 9 is η4:η5. The energy consumption efficiency of the power transmission device 6 in the power transmission process is η6. The part of the recovered heat converted into the potential energy of the compressed hydrogen in the auxiliary compression device 9 is

[0063]

[0064] In this embodiment, the boosting device 8 is used to pressurize the waste heat recovery medium output by the expansion device 5 to ensure that the waste heat recovery medium has sufficient pressure to smoothly enter the heat exchange device 3 .

[0065] In this embodiment, the pressure regulating valve 10 is used to regulate the pressure of the compressed hydrogen output by the secondary compression device 9, and the check valve 11 is used to prevent the compressed hydrogen from flowing back.

[0066] In this embodiment, the power transmission device 6 is composed of shafts and gears, which can distribute the mechanical power from the expansion device 5 to the secondary compression device 9 and the supercharging device 8 in proportion.

[0067] Example 2:

[0068] In order to further optimize the technical solution, the hydrogen outlet 3 17 on the secondary compression device 9 and the pressure regulating valve 10 can be further connected to the next stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device to form a multi-stage hydrogen compression device, and the multi-stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery devices share a gas storage device 4;

[0069] The auxiliary compression device in the previous stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is used as the main compression device in the next stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device. The hydrogen outlet 2 of the heat exchange device in each stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet 3 on the auxiliary compression device in the last stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is further connected to the gas storage device through a pressure regulating valve and a check valve.

[0070] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a compression device for generating compressed hydrogen by three-stage waste heat recovery, which is extended from embodiment 1. The heat energy in the compressed hydrogen output by the secondary compression device 9 and the second-stage secondary compression device 9' is recovered to further improve the energy utilization efficiency of the hydrogen compressor device.

[0071] In this embodiment, the compressed hydrogen output by the secondary compression device 9 (regarded as the main compression device in the secondary hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device) flows into the secondary heat exchange device 3', and the recovered heat energy is converted into mechanical power through the secondary expansion device 5' to drive the secondary secondary compression device 9' to produce compressed hydrogen and drive the secondary boosting device 8' to pressurize the waste heat recovery medium in the secondary waste heat recovery medium pipeline 7'. The compressed hydrogen output by the secondary secondary compression device 9' (regarded as the main compression device in the tertiary hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device) flows into the tertiary heat exchange device 3", and the recovered heat energy is converted into mechanical power through the tertiary expansion device 5" to drive the tertiary secondary compression device 9" to produce compressed hydrogen and drive the tertiary boosting device 8" to pressurize the waste heat recovery medium in the tertiary waste heat recovery medium pipeline 7". The compressed hydrogen output by the tertiary secondary compression device 9" enters the pressure regulating valve 10 for pressure regulation, and is then transported to the gas storage device 4 for storage after passing through the check valve 11;

[0072] In this embodiment, the secondary expansion device 5' is also connected to a secondary power transmission device 6' that provides drive for the secondary boosting device 8' and the secondary sub-compression device 9'; the tertiary expansion device 5" is also connected to a tertiary power transmission device 6" that provides drive for the tertiary boosting device 8" and the tertiary sub-compression device 9".

[0073] In this embodiment, the heat exchange device 3, the secondary heat exchange device 3', and the tertiary heat exchange device 3" are all connected to the gas storage device 4 through the hydrogen pipeline 1, and the compressed hydrogen after heat exchange is transported to the gas storage device 4 through the hydrogen pipeline 1 for storage.

[0074] By adopting this device and method, the waste heat from compressed hydrogen can be effectively recovered and used to continue producing the required compressed hydrogen, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the hydrogen compression device. Similarly, the level of waste heat recovery can be further increased to maximize the recovery of heat energy from the hot compressed hydrogen, improve heat recovery efficiency, maximize energy utilization, and achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0075] Heat recovered by primary heat recovery The heat converted into the potential energy of compressed hydrogen is

[0076] Heat recovered by secondary heat recovery The heat converted into the potential energy of compressed hydrogen is Q3×η6×η5×η1;

[0077] The heat recovered by the third-stage heat recovery is Q4=Q3×η6×η5×η2×η3, of which the heat converted into the potential energy of compressed hydrogen is Q4×η6×η5×η1;

[0078] When the number of heat recovery stages is sufficient, the total heat that can be recovered and converted into the potential energy of compressed hydrogen is

[0079]

[0080] When n→∞, the total recovered heat is

[0081]

[0082] The method for generating compressed hydrogen by utilizing the waste heat of the device for efficiently recovering waste heat from one or more stages of hydrogen compression of the present invention comprises the following steps: compression, heat exchange, energy conversion and gas storage;

[0083] Compression includes:

[0084] Compressed hydrogen: Hydrogen enters the main compression device and the auxiliary compression device for compression. The pressure of hydrogen increases, generating the required compressed hydrogen and compression heat;

[0085] Waste heat recovery medium pressurization: The waste heat recovery medium enters the booster device for pressurization. The pressure of the waste heat recovery medium increases to ensure that the waste heat recovery medium has sufficient pressure to smoothly enter the heat exchange device, so as to complete the waste heat recovery medium circulation in the heat exchange device, expansion device, and booster device;

[0086] Heat exchange: The heat energy in the hot compressed hydrogen is transferred to the waste heat recovery medium in the heat exchange device, which reduces the temperature of the compressed hydrogen input to the gas storage device and increases the temperature of the waste heat recovery medium input to the expansion device, thus completing the heat exchange;

[0087] Energy conversion: In the expansion device, the heat energy in the waste heat recovery medium is converted into mechanical power through expansion. Through the power transmission device, the required power is provided to the secondary compression device and the supercharging device. The heat energy is converted into mechanical power to drive the secondary compression device and the supercharging device.

[0088] Storage: The compressed hydrogen output by the heat exchange device is transported to the gas storage device for storage, and the compressed hydrogen output by the auxiliary compression device is pressure-regulated by the pressure regulating valve and then transported to the gas storage device for storage.

[0089] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0090] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main compression device, a heat exchange device, a gas storage device, an expansion device, a secondary compression device, a power transmission device, a pressure-boosting device, a pressure regulating valve and a check valve. The main compression device is provided with a hydrogen inlet 1 and a hydrogen outlet 1, the hydrogen outlet 1 is connected to the hydrogen inlet 2 on the heat exchange device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet 2 on the heat exchange device is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline; the secondary compression device is provided with a hydrogen inlet 3 and a hydrogen outlet 3, the hydrogen outlet 3 is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen pipeline between the hydrogen outlet 3 and the gas storage device is sequentially installed with a pressure regulating valve and a check valve; the heat exchange device is further provided with a waste heat recovery medium outlet 1 and a waste heat recovery medium inlet 1; the waste heat recovery medium outlet 1 is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 2 on the expansion device through a waste heat recovery medium pipeline; the waste heat recovery medium outlet 2 on the expansion device is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 3 on the supercharging device through a waste heat recovery medium pipeline; the waste heat recovery medium outlet 3 on the supercharging device is connected to the waste heat recovery medium inlet 1 through a waste heat recovery medium pipeline; the expansion device is also connected to a power transmission device, which provides drive for the supercharging device and the auxiliary compression device; The hydrogen outlet 3 on the secondary compression device and the pressure regulating valve can be further connected to the next stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device to form a multi-stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device, and the multi-stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device shares a gas storage device; The auxiliary compression device in the previous stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is used as the main compression device in the next stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device. The hydrogen outlet 2 of the heat exchange device in each stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is connected to the gas storage device through a hydrogen pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet 3 on the auxiliary compression device in the last stage hydrogen compression waste heat recovery device is further connected to the gas storage device through a pressure regulating valve and a check valve.

2. The device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main compression device and the auxiliary compression device are devices with the function of compressing hydrogen, and the gas storage device is a device with the function of storing compressed hydrogen.

3. The device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device has a heat energy transfer function, and is used to transfer the heat energy in the compressed hydrogen input into the heat exchange device to the waste heat recovery medium; Heat exchange transfers the heat in the compressed hydrogen to the waste heat recovery medium, and calculates the average specific constant pressure heat capacity of the compressed hydrogen. According to the formula ； The temperatures of the hot compressed hydrogen before and after heat exchange are t1 and t2 respectively. The mass flow rate of the hydrogen compressed by the main compression device is kg / h, calculate the heat energy recovered from hot compressed hydrogen, 。 4. The device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion device is used to convert the heat energy in the waste heat recovery medium into mechanical power to drive the secondary compression device and the booster device; η1 represents the efficiency of conversion into compressed hydrogen potential energy, η2 represents the efficiency of conversion into heat energy. The total power consumption of the main compression device for one hour is Q kw.h. To calculate the total power input of the main compression device converted into heat, use the formula ； The total heat converted by the main compression device during operation ； The heat recovery rate is ； The power transmission device distributes the mechanical power transmitted from the expansion device to the supercharging device and the auxiliary compression device in a power ratio of ƞ4:ƞ5. The energy consumption efficiency of the power transmission device in the power transmission process is ƞ6, of which the part of the recovered heat converted into the compressed hydrogen potential energy of the auxiliary compression device is 。 5. The device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression according to claim 1, characterized in that: The booster device is used to pressurize the waste heat recovery medium output by the expansion device; the pressure regulating valve is used to regulate the pressure of the compressed hydrogen output by the auxiliary compression device; and the check valve is used to prevent the backflow of compressed hydrogen.

6. A method for generating compressed hydrogen using waste heat from a device for efficiently recovering waste heat from hydrogen compression as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: compression, heat exchange, energy conversion and gas storage; Compression includes: Compressed hydrogen: Hydrogen enters the main compression device and the auxiliary compression device for compression. The pressure of hydrogen increases, generating the required compressed hydrogen and compression heat; Waste heat recovery medium pressurization: The waste heat recovery medium enters the booster device for pressurization. The pressure of the waste heat recovery medium increases to ensure that the waste heat recovery medium has sufficient pressure to smoothly enter the heat exchange device, so as to complete the waste heat recovery medium circulation in the heat exchange device, expansion device, and booster device; Heat exchange: The heat energy in the hot compressed hydrogen is transferred to the waste heat recovery medium in the heat exchange device, which reduces the temperature of the compressed hydrogen input to the gas storage device and increases the temperature of the waste heat recovery medium input to the expansion device, thus completing the heat exchange; Energy conversion: In the expansion device, the heat energy in the waste heat recovery medium is converted into mechanical power through expansion. Through the power transmission device, the required power is provided to the secondary compression device and the supercharging device. The heat energy is converted into mechanical power to drive the secondary compression device and the supercharging device. Storage: The compressed hydrogen output by the heat exchange device is transported to the gas storage device for storage, and the compressed hydrogen output by the auxiliary compression device is pressure-regulated by the pressure regulating valve and then transported to the gas storage device for storage.

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