Cylinder head cooling structure, engine, vehicle, and cooling method

Abstract

The application provides a cylinder cover cooling structure, an engine, a vehicle and a cooling method, relates to the technical field of engine cooling, and aims to solve the problem that the cylinder cover cooling structure cannot meet the cooling requirements of different engine operating states during the operation of the engine. Two cooling cavities in the cylinder cover are respectively provided with liquid outlets and are matched with control valves, the two cooling cavities are communicated, and the liquid inlet is arranged on one cooling cavity. Through the adjustment of the opening and closing and the opening degree of the liquid outlet of the control valve, the flow path of the cooling liquid in the cylinder cover is adjusted, the cooling state of the cooling cavity on different positions of the cylinder cover is changed, and the requirements of different engine operating states are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine cooling technology, specifically to a cylinder head cooling structure, engine, vehicle, and cooling method. Background Technology

[0002] To enhance cylinder head cooling, a double-layer coolant chamber structure is now commonly used in diesel engines, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cylinder head cooling is divided into zones, enhancing cooling of high-temperature areas (cylinder head base plate, exhaust valve seat, and fuel injector nozzle area), thereby reducing the cylinder head's thermal load. Simultaneously, it is divided according to the internal coolant flow direction as follows: Figure 1 The bottom-up cooling structure shown and as Figure 2 The cooling structure shown is a top-down design.

[0003] While a dual-layer coolant chamber structure can improve cooling efficiency and reliability to some extent compared to a single-layer structure, and reduce cylinder head thermal load, the dual-layer structure consists of two coolant chambers connected in series. This results in high internal flow resistance within the coolant chambers, leading to reduced coolant flow within the cylinder head under the same pump conditions, thus affecting cooling performance. Furthermore, when using a dual-layer coolant chamber to cool the cylinder head, the engine's operating conditions change throughout the cycle, but the cooling method remains the same. This results in a lack of diversity in cooling methods. During cold starts and low-load operation, excessive cooling leads to excessively low cylinder head temperatures, affecting engine warm-up speed. Conversely, during high-load operation, the high internal flow resistance causes insufficient cooling efficiency, leading to excessively high cylinder head temperatures, impacting the reliability of the cylinder head and its components. Additionally, the cylinder head temperature varies significantly with engine load gradients, making it impossible for the cooling system to adjust to the cylinder head's cooling requirements, which is detrimental to cylinder head reliability and fails to meet the cooling needs of the engine during operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the deficiencies of existing technologies by providing a cylinder head cooling structure, engine, vehicle, and cooling method. The invention involves providing outlets for two cooling chambers within the cylinder head, coupled with control valves, to connect the two chambers and place the inlet in one of them. By adjusting the opening and closing of the outlets and the degree of opening, the flow path of the coolant within the cylinder head can be adjusted, thereby changing the cooling state of different locations within the cylinder head and adapting to the needs of different engine operating conditions.

[0005] The first objective of this invention is to provide a cylinder head cooling structure, which adopts the following solution:

[0006] It includes a first cooling chamber located inside the cylinder head near the fire surface and a second cooling chamber near the top of the cylinder head. The first cooling chamber is provided with a first liquid outlet and a first liquid inlet for connecting to a coolant source. The second cooling chamber is provided with a second liquid outlet and a second liquid inlet for connecting to the first cooling chamber. The first liquid outlet is equipped with a first valve and the second liquid outlet is equipped with a second valve.

[0007] By adjusting the first valve and the second valve, the flow path of the coolant in the cylinder head is changed, so that the first cooling chamber can operate alone or the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber can operate simultaneously.

[0008] Furthermore, the first valve and the second valve are control valves with adjustable opening degrees. By adjusting the opening degrees of the first valve and the second valve, the ratio of coolant flowing out of the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber can be adjusted.

[0009] Furthermore, the first liquid outlet and the first liquid inlet are located at opposite ends of the first cooling chamber, and the second liquid inlet is connected to the end of the first cooling chamber near the first liquid outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, the first cooling chamber is located inside the cylinder head on the side closer to the cylinder piston, and the second cooling chamber is located inside the chamber cover on the side farther away from the cylinder piston.

[0011] Furthermore, the first liquid outlet is connected to the liquid outlet pipe through the first outlet flow channel, and the first valve is arranged on the first outlet flow channel. The second liquid outlet is connected to the liquid outlet pipe through the second outlet flow channel, and the second valve is arranged on the second outlet flow channel. The first liquid inlet is connected to the cooling system through the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the cooling system.

[0012] A second object of the present invention is to provide an engine that utilizes the cylinder head cooling structure as described in the first object.

[0013] A third object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle that utilizes an engine as described in the second object.

[0014] A fourth objective of this invention is to provide a cylinder head cooling method, comprising:

[0015] Two cooling chambers are arranged inside the cylinder head. The outlets of the two cooling chambers are equipped with valves. The first cooling chamber, which is closer to the fire surface, is equipped with an inlet. The second cooling chamber, which is farther away from the fire surface, is connected to the first cooling chamber.

[0016] Based on the engine's operating status, the corresponding valve status of the cooling chamber is changed, and the flow path of the coolant in the cooling chamber is adjusted so that the first cooling chamber can operate alone or the first and second cooling chambers can operate simultaneously.

[0017] Furthermore, obtain the engine operating status.

[0018] When the engine is in the first state, the valve of the second cooling chamber is closed and the valve of the first cooling chamber is opened, so that the coolant is discharged after passing through the first cooling chamber;

[0019] When the engine is in the second state, the valve of the first cooling chamber is closed and the valve of the second cooling chamber is opened, so that the coolant passes through the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber in sequence and then is discharged.

[0020] When the engine is in the third state, the valves of the first and second cooling chambers are opened, allowing coolant to enter the first and second cooling chambers and then be discharged respectively.

[0021] When the engine is in the fourth state, the valve of the second cooling chamber is closed and the valve of the first cooling chamber is opened, allowing the coolant to flow out after passing through the first cooling chamber.

[0022] Furthermore, when the engine is in the third state, the valve opening of the first cooling chamber and the valve opening of the second cooling chamber are adjusted to regulate the ratio of coolant flowing out of the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber.

[0023] Furthermore, when the engine is in the first or fourth state, the valve opening of the first cooling chamber is adjusted to regulate the flow rate of the coolant in the first cooling chamber.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this invention are:

[0025] (1) In view of the problem that the cylinder head cooling structure cannot meet the cooling requirements of different engine operating conditions during the current engine operation, the two cooling chambers in the cylinder head are respectively equipped with liquid outlets and control valves to connect the two cooling chambers and arrange the liquid inlet on one cooling chamber. By adjusting the opening and closing of the liquid outlet and the opening degree by the control valve, the flow path of the coolant in the cylinder head is adjusted, thereby changing the cooling state of the cooling chamber for different positions of the cylinder head and adapting to the needs of different engine operating conditions.

[0026] (2) The cooling structure can be adjusted to adapt to different engine operating conditions. The coolant first enters the first cooling chamber near the fire surface to ensure the cooling of the fire surface area. Then, according to the operating conditions, the flow path of the coolant in the cylinder head is adjusted to reduce the impact on the warm-up time during cold starts and improve the cooling effect of the cooling structure on the engine under high load and ultra-high load conditions, thus ensuring the cooling capacity of the cylinder head.

[0027] (3) Under different loads, the flow distribution of coolant in the cylinder head cooling chamber can be adjusted by controlling the opening of the first and second valves to meet the cooling requirements of the cylinder head under different engine operating loads. Ultimately, this reduces the temperature and thermal load variation gradient of the cylinder head under different loads, which is beneficial to improving the low-cycle fatigue reliability of the cylinder head.

[0028] (4) When the coolant temperature is abnormally high, and the coolant temperature reaches the upper limit, the cylinder head is cooled with full force to improve the cooling capacity of the cylinder head, thereby reducing the thermal load of the cylinder head and ensuring the reliability of the cylinder head and cylinder head gaskets when the engine is abnormally hot. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a double-layer cooling water cavity in the background technology and specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another double-layer cooling water cavity in the background technology and specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a coolant flow path in the background technology and specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another coolant flow path in the background technology and specific embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow direction of coolant within the cooling structure in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow path during cold start in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow path under low load conditions in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow path under medium to high load conditions in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the coolant flow path during the overheating state in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder head cooling structure in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the control valve arrangement on the water outlet channel in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the flow of coolant in the first cooling chamber in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the first and second valves being open in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing the coolant flowing sequentially through the first cooling chamber and the second cooling chamber in Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention.

[0044] In the figure, 1. First cooling chamber, 2. Second cooling chamber, 3. First outlet channel, 4. Second outlet channel, 5. First valve, 6. Second valve, 7. Liquid outlet pipe, 8. Second liquid inlet, 9. Cylinder head base, 10. Double-layer cooling water chamber, 11. First liquid outlet, 12. First liquid inlet, 13. Second liquid outlet, 14. Injector nozzle area. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Currently, engine cylinder head cooling methods and structures mainly fall into the following categories:

[0046] (1) Single-layer cooling water chamber structure. The cylinder head contains only one layer of cooling water chamber. Relatively speaking, the coolant flow is dispersed and cannot concentrate on cooling the high heat load area of ​​the cylinder head, resulting in poor cooling effect.

[0047] (2) Double-layer cooling water chamber 10 structure. The cylinder head contains two layers of cooling water chambers to enhance the cooling of local high-temperature areas.

[0048] To enhance cylinder head cooling, a double-layer cooling water chamber structure is commonly used in diesel engines, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the dual-layer cooling water chamber 10 structure divides the cylinder head cooling into zones, enhancing the cooling of high-temperature areas of the cylinder head (cylinder head base plate 9, exhaust valve seat area, and fuel injector nozzle area 14), thereby reducing the thermal load on the cylinder head. Simultaneously, it is divided according to the internal coolant flow direction as follows: Figure 1 The bottom-up cooling structure shown and as Figure 2 The cooling structure shown is a top-to-bottom arrangement. (Example) Figure 1 The internal coolant flow path of the double-layer cooling water cavity 10 structure shown is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 The internal coolant flow path of the double-layer cooling water cavity 10 structure shown is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0049] However, both the single-layer and double-layer cooling water chamber structures of cylinder heads currently have certain drawbacks. Firstly, cylinder heads with a single-layer cooling water chamber structure have poor cooling performance and high thermal load. Cylinder heads with a double-layer cooling water chamber structure have high flow resistance in the water chamber, resulting in reduced coolant flow under the same pump conditions, thus affecting cooling efficiency. Secondly, the single cooling method means the cylinder head uses the same method regardless of engine operating conditions. This leads to very low cylinder head temperatures under low load and very high temperatures under high load, with a large temperature gradient with engine load. The inability to adjust the cooling method according to the cooling system and cylinder head cooling needs is detrimental to cylinder head reliability. Thirdly, during cold starts, the coolant in the entire cylinder head water chamber needs to heat up, and the coolant has a very high specific heat capacity, resulting in slow engine warm-up.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 5-14 As shown, a cylinder head cooling structure is presented.

[0052] Based on the above problems, this embodiment provides a cylinder head cooling structure that can adjust the cooling state of the cylinder head to adapt to the cooling requirements of different engine operating conditions. Specifically, a double-layer cooling chamber is configured inside the cylinder head: a first cooling chamber 1 near the firing face and a second cooling chamber 2 near the top of the cylinder head. The first cooling chamber 1 corresponds to the lower water chamber of the cylinder head in the attached drawing, and the second cooling chamber 2 corresponds to the upper water chamber of the cylinder head in the attached drawing. Each cooling chamber has a liquid outlet, and each outlet is equipped with a control valve for independent control. Figure 5 As shown.

[0053] The cylinder head cooling structure provided in this embodiment will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] See Figure 10 The cylinder head's internal cooling chambers employ a double-layer structure. The lower layer is the first cooling chamber 1, located closer to the firing surface, while the upper layer is the second cooling chamber 2, located closer to the top of the cylinder head. The cylinder head's internal cooling chamber design includes independent coolant outlets for both the first and second cooling chambers.

[0055] The first cooling chamber 1 is provided with a first liquid outlet 11 and a first liquid inlet 12 for connecting to a coolant source. The second cooling chamber 2 is provided with a second liquid outlet 13 and a second liquid inlet 8 for connecting to the first cooling chamber 1 (see reference). Figure 12The second cooling chamber 2 obtains coolant from the first cooling chamber 1, and the first cooling chamber 1 obtains coolant from the coolant source. In actual operation, the coolant source is the engine's cooling system, and the coolant output from the cylinder head cooling structure is also delivered to the cooling system for cooling, forming a coolant circulation.

[0056] In this embodiment, the coolant can be a liquid cooling medium such as water or cooling oil.

[0057] like Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the first liquid outlet 11 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 7 through the first outlet flow channel 3, the first valve 5 is arranged on the first outlet flow channel 3, the second liquid outlet 13 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 7 through the second outlet flow channel 4, the second valve 6 is arranged on the second outlet flow channel 4, the first liquid inlet 12 is connected to the cooling system through the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe 7 is connected to the cooling system. Both the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 are electromagnetic control valves.

[0058] It should be noted that the selection of the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 in the above embodiments are exemplary implementations and are not limited to the above implementations.

[0059] Both outlet channels are connected to the liquid outlet pipe 7, forming a cooling water flow chamber within the outlet channels, such as... Figure 13 As shown. The first outlet channel 3 is connected to the first liquid outlet 11 of the first cooling chamber 1 inside the cylinder head, and the second outlet channel 4 is connected to the second liquid outlet 13 of the second cooling chamber 2 inside the cylinder head. The opening and closing ratio of the two outlet channels is controlled by an electromagnetic control valve along the flow path of the coolant to the outlet pipe 7, thereby controlling the outflow distribution of coolant in the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 inside the cylinder head, and thus realizing the adjustment and switching of the cooling state of the cylinder head.

[0060] Depending on the specific application scenario, by adjusting the first valve 5 and the second valve 6, the flow path of the coolant in the cylinder head can be changed, so that the first cooling chamber 1 can operate alone or the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 can operate simultaneously.

[0061] like Figure 6 , Figure 12 As shown, the first cooling chamber 1 operates independently. By controlling the opening of the first valve 5 and the closing of the second valve 6, the coolant flows directly from the first cooling chamber 1 to the first outlet 11 and then into the outlet pipe for recirculation, effectively "short-circuiting" the second cooling chamber 2 on the upper layer of the cylinder head. The coolant in the second cooling chamber 2 on the upper layer of the cylinder head does not participate in the overall cooling cycle for the time being. Therefore, the area covered by the second cooling chamber 2 does not absorb excessive heat, which is beneficial for the rapid increase of engine water and oil temperatures, thereby reducing engine warm-up time.

[0062] By switching the cylinder head cooling structure, the water chamber on the cylinder head is "short-circuited" when the engine is cold-started. In this way, the cooling in the second cooling chamber 2 on the upper layer of the cylinder head does not participate in the cooling cycle for a while, so it will not absorb too much heat. This is conducive to the rapid increase of engine water temperature and oil temperature, thereby reducing the engine warm-up time.

[0063] Similarly, the independent operation of the first cooling chamber 1 is also suitable for engine overheating conditions, such as... Figure 9 , Figure 12 As shown, the first cooling chamber 1 operates independently. Since the first cooling chamber 1 is arranged close to the firing face, all the coolant is supplied to the first cooling chamber 1 and no longer enters the second cooling chamber 2. At this time, the coolant flow rate through the cylinder head is increased, the coolant flow velocity is increased, and the heat exchange capacity is improved. This can greatly improve the cooling capacity of the cylinder head, thereby reducing the thermal load of the cylinder head.

[0064] When the water temperature reaches its upper limit, it fully cools the firing face of the cylinder head, improving the cylinder head's cooling capacity and thus reducing the cylinder head's thermal load. This ensures the reliability of the cylinder head and other components such as the cylinder head gasket when the engine is at abnormally high temperatures.

[0065] like Figure 7 , Figure 14 As shown, the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 operate simultaneously, with the coolant flowing sequentially through them. By controlling the first valve 5 to close and the second valve 6 to open, the coolant enters the first cooling chamber 1, flows through it, and then enters the second cooling chamber 2. It then exits through the second outlet 13 into the second outlet channel 4 and is discharged into the outlet pipe 7 for recirculation. This is equivalent to connecting the lower first cooling chamber 1 and the upper second cooling chamber 2 in series in the cylinder head. This is suitable for scenarios with lower cylinder head cooling requirements, such as cooling during low-load engine operation. This process is similar to the operating path of the existing dual-layer cooling water chambers described above.

[0066] The first cooling chamber 1 is located inside the cylinder head on the side close to the cylinder piston, that is, the side close to the firing face, and the second cooling chamber 2 is located inside the chamber head on the side away from the cylinder piston. In order to allow the coolant to flow in series in the cylinder head, the first outlet 11 and the first inlet 12 are located at the two ends of the first cooling chamber 1, and the second inlet 8 is connected to the end of the first cooling chamber 1 close to the first outlet 11.

[0067] like Figure 8 , Figure 13As shown, with the increase of engine load, the cooling demand of the cylinder head gradually increases, especially the cooling demand of the cylinder head's firing face. The first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 operate simultaneously, with coolant discharged from the first outlet 11 and the second outlet 13 of their respective chambers. By controlling the opening of the first valve 5 and the second valve 6, coolant enters the first cooling chamber 1 and flows through it. Part of the coolant enters the second cooling chamber 2, while some is discharged directly through the first outlet 11. The coolant entering the second cooling chamber 2 flows through it and is then discharged through the second outlet 13 into the water outlet pipe for recirculation.

[0068] When the cylinder head is under high load, the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 can be kept at a certain opening degree according to the coolant temperature to improve the cooling capacity of the cylinder head to a certain extent.

[0069] Furthermore, the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 are adjustable control valves. By adjusting the opening of the first valve 5 and the second valve 6, the ratio of coolant flowing out of the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 is adjusted. Under different loads, the water flow distribution in the cylinder head cooling water chambers can be adjusted by controlling the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 to meet the cooling requirements of the cylinder head under different engine operating loads. Ultimately, this reduces the temperature and thermal load variation gradient of the cylinder head under different loads, which is beneficial to improving the low-cycle fatigue reliability of the cylinder head.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 5-14 As shown, an engine is presented.

[0072] In this embodiment, the engine utilizes the cylinder head cooling structure as described in Embodiment 1. The cylinder head cooling structure is installed on the top of the engine cylinder block, and the first inlet 12, the first outlet 11, and the second outlet 13 of the cylinder head cooling structure are connected to the engine's cooling system to achieve circulation of coolant within the cylinder head cooling structure.

[0073] It is understandable that, since the engine is equipped with a cylinder head cooling structure as shown in Example 1, the beneficial effects brought by the cylinder head cooling structure are described in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0074] For other components in the engine not mentioned, existing structures can be used.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 5-14 As shown, a vehicle is presented.

[0077] The vehicle in this embodiment uses the engine as described in Embodiment 2. The vehicle is equipped with the engine described above and uses the engine as the power system of the vehicle to drive the vehicle.

[0078] It is understandable that, since the vehicle is equipped with an engine as described in Example 1, the beneficial effects brought about by the engine are described in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0079] For other structures in vehicles not mentioned, existing structures can be used.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 5-14 As shown, a cylinder head cooling method is presented.

[0082] Currently, cylinder head temperature varies significantly with engine load gradients, and the cooling system cannot adjust according to the cooling requirements of the cylinder head, which is detrimental to the reliability of the cylinder head and makes it difficult to meet the cooling needs of the engine during operation. To address this problem, this embodiment provides a cylinder head cooling method. This method adjusts the flow path of the coolant within the cooling chamber by changing the valve status corresponding to the cooling chamber based on the engine's operating state, so that the first cooling chamber 1 operates independently or the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 operate simultaneously. Two cooling chambers are arranged inside the cylinder head, each with a valve at its outlet. The first cooling chamber 1, closer to the fire contact surface, has an inlet, and the second cooling chamber 2, farther from the fire contact surface, is connected to the first cooling chamber. Referring to the accompanying drawings, this cylinder head cooling method includes:

[0083] Obtain the engine's operating mode;

[0084] When the engine is in cold start mode, corresponding to the first state, the valve of the second cooling chamber 2 is closed and the valve of the first cooling chamber 1 is opened, so that the coolant is discharged after passing through the first cooling chamber 1;

[0085] When the engine is in low load mode, corresponding to the second state, the valve of the first cooling chamber 1 is closed and the valve of the second cooling chamber 2 is opened, so that the coolant passes through the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 in sequence and then is discharged.

[0086] When the engine is in medium-high load mode, corresponding to the third state, the valves of the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 are opened, so that the coolant enters the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2 and then exits respectively;

[0087] When the engine is in overheat mode, corresponding to the fourth state, the valve of the second cooling chamber 2 is closed and the valve of the first cooling chamber 1 is opened, so that the coolant is discharged after passing through the first cooling chamber 1.

[0088] In addition, when the engine is in the third state, the valve opening of the first cooling chamber 1 and the valve opening of the second cooling chamber 2 are adjusted to regulate the ratio of coolant flowing out of the first cooling chamber 1 and the second cooling chamber 2.

[0089] When the engine is in the first or fourth state, adjust the valve opening of the first cooling chamber 1 to regulate the flow rate of the coolant in the first cooling chamber 1.

[0090] Combination Figures 5-14 The cylinder head cooling method involves arranging a first cooling chamber 1 and a second cooling chamber 2 within the cylinder head, each with a coolant outlet. A first valve 5 is installed at the outlet of the first cooling chamber 1, and a second valve 6 is installed at the outlet of the second cooling chamber 2. The cooling process is controlled by manipulating the first valve 5 and the second valve 6. The first valve 5 and the second valve 6 are connected to a water outlet pipe to discharge the coolant from the cooling chambers. In this embodiment, the coolant can be a liquid cooling medium such as water or cooling oil.

[0091] The cylinder head with a double-layer cooling water chamber structure has a better cooling effect than that with a single-layer cooling water chamber.

[0092] Cylinder head cooling methods include various cooling modes, corresponding to various operating states of various engines, as shown in Table 1.

[0093] Table 1 Cylinder head cooling modes

[0094] Serial Number Mode Name Solenoid valve control status Water temperature status 1 Cold start mode The water pipe leads out of the first cooling chamber Extremely low 2 Low load mode The water pipe leads to the second cooling chamber. Low 3 Medium and high load mode Water pipes connect the first and second cooling chambers. high 4 Overheat mode The water pipe leads out of the first cooling chamber Extremely high

[0095] 1. Cold start mode: The working principle is as follows Figure 6 As shown, when starting the engine at a low temperature, the engine needs to be warmed up to raise the coolant and oil temperatures. Figure 12 As shown, at this time, the coolant can be controlled by the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 to flow directly from the first cooling chamber 1 to the outlet pipe for return, which is equivalent to "short-circuiting" the cylinder head second cooling chamber 2. In this way, the coolant in the cylinder head second cooling chamber 2 does not participate in the cooling cycle for the time being, so it will not absorb too much heat, which is conducive to the rapid increase of engine water temperature and oil temperature, thereby reducing the engine warm-up time.

[0096] 2. Low-load mode: When the engine starts and the load rate is low, the cylinder head cooling demand is low. By controlling the first valve 5 and the second valve 6, the cylinder head cooling method is changed to a traditional dual-layer cooling water chamber structure, such as... Figure 7 and Figure 14 As shown.

[0097] 3. Medium-High Load Mode: As engine load increases, the cooling demand for the cylinder head also gradually increases, especially the cooling demand for the cylinder head's firing face. Under medium-high load conditions, the cooling capacity of the cylinder head can be improved to some extent by adjusting the opening of two channels of the first valve 5 and the second valve 6, based on the coolant temperature. Figure 8 and Figure 13 As shown.

[0098] 4. Overheating Mode: When the water temperature is abnormally high, reaching the upper limit, the cylinder head is prone to overheating, leading to serious problems such as cylinder head cracks and cylinder head gasket seal failure. In this case, by controlling the first valve 5 and the second valve 6, the cylinder head cooling water chamber is switched to a mode that only cools the burner plate (same as the cold start mode). Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown in the diagram, the coolant flow rate through the cylinder head is increased, the coolant velocity is improved, and the heat exchange capacity is enhanced, which significantly improves the cooling capacity of the cylinder head, thereby reducing the thermal load on the cylinder head. This ensures the reliability of the cylinder head and its gaskets.

[0099] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the first valve 5 and the second valve 6 are both electromagnetic control valves, which can be connected to the vehicle's ECU and adjust the working state of the corresponding first cooling chamber 1 and second cooling chamber 2 according to the control command of the ECU, so as to adapt them to the working state of the engine.

[0100] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylinder head cooling structure, characterized in that, It includes a first cooling chamber (1) located inside the cylinder head near the fire surface and a second cooling chamber (2) near the top of the cylinder head. The first cooling chamber (1) is provided with a first liquid outlet (11) and a first liquid inlet (12) for connecting to the coolant source. The second cooling chamber (2) is provided with a second liquid outlet (13) and a second liquid inlet (8) for connecting to the first cooling chamber. The first liquid outlet (11) is equipped with a first valve (5), and the second liquid outlet (13) is equipped with a second valve (6). By adjusting the first valve (5) and the second valve (6), the flow path of the coolant in the cylinder head is changed so that the first cooling chamber (1) can operate alone or the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2) can operate simultaneously. The first outlet (11) and the first inlet (12) are located at the two ends of the first cooling chamber (1), and the second inlet (8) is connected to the end of the first cooling chamber (1) near the first outlet (11). The two cooling chambers are connected and the inlet is arranged on one cooling chamber. By adjusting the opening and closing of the outlet and the opening degree of the control valve, the flow path of the coolant in the cylinder head is adjusted, thereby changing the cooling state of the cooling chamber for different positions of the cylinder head and adapting to the needs of different engine operating states.

2. The cylinder head cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first valve (5) and the second valve (6) are control valves with adjustable opening. By adjusting the opening of the first valve (5) and the second valve (6), the ratio of coolant flowing out of the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2) is adjusted.

3. The cylinder head cooling structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first cooling chamber (1) is located inside the cylinder head on the side close to the cylinder piston, and the second cooling chamber (2) is located inside the chamber head on the side away from the cylinder piston.

4. The cylinder head cooling structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first liquid outlet (11) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (7) through the first outlet flow channel (3), the first valve (5) is arranged on the first outlet flow channel (3), the second liquid outlet (13) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (7) through the second outlet flow channel (4), the second valve (6) is arranged on the second outlet flow channel (4), the first liquid inlet (12) is connected to the cooling system through the liquid inlet pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe (7) is connected to the cooling system.

5. An engine, characterized in that, Includes the cylinder head cooling structure as described in any one of claims 1-4.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the engine as described in claim 5.

7. A cylinder head cooling method, characterized in that, include: Two cooling chambers are arranged inside the cylinder head. The outlets of the two cooling chambers are respectively equipped with valves. The first cooling chamber (1) which is close to the fire surface is equipped with an inlet. The second cooling chamber (2) which is far away from the fire surface is connected to the first cooling chamber (1). According to the engine's operating status, change the corresponding valve status of the cooling chamber and adjust the flow path of the coolant in the cooling chamber so that the first cooling chamber (1) can operate alone or the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2) can operate simultaneously; The engine operating status is obtained. When the engine is in the first state, the valve of the second cooling chamber (2) is closed and the valve of the first cooling chamber (1) is opened so that the coolant is discharged after passing through the first cooling chamber (1). When the engine is in the second state, the valve of the first cooling chamber (1) is closed and the valve of the second cooling chamber (2) is opened, so that the coolant passes through the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2) in sequence and is then discharged. When the engine is in the third state, the valves of the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2) are opened, so that the coolant enters the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2) and then exits respectively; When the engine is in the fourth state, the valve of the second cooling chamber (2) is closed and the valve of the first cooling chamber (1) is opened, so that the coolant is discharged after passing through the first cooling chamber (1).

8. The cylinder head cooling method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the engine is in the third state, adjust the valve opening of the first cooling chamber (1) and the valve opening of the second cooling chamber (2) to adjust the ratio of coolant flowing out of the first cooling chamber (1) and the second cooling chamber (2).

9. The cylinder head cooling method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the engine is in the first or fourth state, adjust the valve opening of the first cooling chamber (1) to regulate the flow rate of the coolant in the first cooling chamber (1).

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