A waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure and construction method for a tunnel passing through a fault

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel design and construction, and specifically relates to a waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure and construction method for a tunnel passing through a fault, aiming to solve the problems that the existing seismic joints of the secondary lining are complex in structure and poor in seismic effect. The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for the tunnel passing through the fault includes an annular arch frame circumferentially arranged in the secondary lining of the tunnel and a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve wrapped outside the annular arch frame; annular grooves are provided on both sides of the annular arch frame facing the secondary lining, and the secondary lining is poured and embedded into the grooves. The present invention can effectively improve the impact resistance of the secondary lining, reduce the damage of the tunnel structure and the joint part under the action of high-intensity seismic motion, and has a clever design, without the need to make special molds, and the construction process is simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel design and construction, and particularly relates to a waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel passing through a fault and a construction method therefor. Background Art

[0002] A tunnel is an underground structure buried in the stratum, and can be classified into traffic tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, municipal tunnels, mine tunnels, power tunnels, oil and gas pipeline tunnels, etc. according to their uses. Research shows that although a tunnel is buried at a certain depth underground, when an earthquake occurs, it will still have a serious impact on the tunnel, and even cause tunnel cracks, large deformations and serious damages, etc. Moreover, after an earthquake damages an existing tunnel, it will be extremely difficult to repair the tunnel body, and even threaten the safety of the pipelines operating in the tunnel and the permanent closure of the tunnel, which will seriously affect the use function of the tunnel and cause serious losses to the national economy. In recent years, with the increasing number of tunnels built and the expanding area, many tunnels passing through faults need to be built in seismic areas. Therefore, when building a tunnel in an active fault area, it is very necessary to set up an anti-seismic and shock-absorbing structure for the tunnel lining.

[0003] A large number of calculations and earthquake damage cases show that the vicinity of the fault interface where the geological conditions change is an unfavorable section for the anti-seismic and shock-absorbing of the tunnel. The existing assembled precast flexible joints and other forms of joint structures are complex and difficult to implement in actual construction, and the anti-seismic effect is not good. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel passing through a fault to alleviate the problems that the existing anti-seismic joints of the secondary lining are complex in structure and poor in anti-seismic effect.

[0005] In order to alleviate the above technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel passing through a fault includes an annular arch frame circumferentially arranged in the secondary lining of the tunnel and a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve wrapped outside the annular arch frame; annular grooves are provided on both sides of the annular arch frame facing the secondary lining, and the secondary lining is poured and embedded into the grooves.

[0007] Furthermore, the longitudinal section of the annular arch frame is in an I shape, and the annular arch frame is made of a rigid material.

[0008] Furthermore, the annular arch frame includes an arc-shaped left precast member, a right precast member and an inverted arch precast member, and the left precast member, the right precast member and the inverted arch precast member are sequentially connected end to end to form the annular arch frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve is set in three sections with both ends of each section open. The three sections of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve are respectively sleeved outside the left precast member, the right precast member and the inverted arch precast member; the joints of each section of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve are bonded with neoprene rubber.

[0010] Furthermore, a water stop strip is provided on the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve. The water stop strip is arranged in the groove and embedded in the secondary lining.

[0011] Furthermore, the water stop strip includes a horizontal member and a vertical member vertically connected to the horizontal member. One end of the vertical member is connected to the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve, and the other end of the vertical member is connected to the middle of the horizontal member.

[0012] Furthermore, the water stop strip is set as a water-expandable rubber strip.

[0013] Furthermore, a waterproof board is provided outside the secondary lining, and a waterproof board protective layer is circumferentially arranged between the circular arch frame and the waterproof board.

[0014] Furthermore, the waterproof board protective layer is set as a reinforced rubber board.

[0015] A construction method of the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel passing through a fault zone using the above structure includes the following steps:

[0016] Precast a circular arch frame and a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve, and put the circular arch frame on the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve;

[0017] Install the waterproof board protective layer on the surface of the waterproof board, place the circular arch frame at the joint position, align the plane of the formwork trolley, and then start to cast the secondary lining.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel passing through a fault zone in the present invention are analyzed as follows:

[0019] The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel passing through a fault zone includes a circular arch frame circumferentially arranged in the secondary lining of the tunnel and a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve wrapped outside the circular arch frame; annular grooves are provided on both sides of the circular arch frame facing the secondary lining, and the secondary lining is cast and embedded in the grooves.

[0020] The circular arch frame disconnects the secondary lining longitudinally. The secondary lining is cast and embedded in the groove, with good integrity and stable static bearing capacity. Moreover, the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve connects between the circular arch frame and the secondary lining, which can effectively improve the impact resistance of the secondary lining and reduce the damage of the tunnel structure and the joint part under the action of high-intensity seismic motion. In addition, the present invention is applicable to the cast-in-place secondary lining, without the need to make special molds, and the construction process is simple. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments or the related art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 Longitudinal sectional view of the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure of the cross-fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Is Figure 1 Partial enlarged view at location A in

[0024] Figure 3 Longitudinal sectional view of the ring-shaped arch frame;

[0025] Figure 4 Structural schematic diagram of the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure of the cross-fault tunnel provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the ring-shaped arch frame provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of the waterproof board protective layer provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Icon:

[0030] [[ID=3,6]]100 - Secondary lining; 200 - Ring-shaped arch frame; 210 - Left precast member; 220 - Right precast member; 230 - Inverted arch precast member; 300 - Shock-absorbing rubber sleeve; 310 - Waterstop strip; 311 - Horizontal member; 312 - Vertical member; 400 - Waterproof board; 500 - Waterproof board protective layer; 600 - Initial support; 01 - Groove. Specific Embodiments

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments in the present invention belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. For the physical quantities in the formula, if there is no separate annotation, they should be understood as the basic quantities of the basic units of the International System of Units, or the derived quantities derived from the basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation or integration.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0034] In recent years, with the increasing number and wider area of tunnels being built, many tunnels crossing faults need to be built in seismic areas. Therefore, when building tunnels in active fault areas, it is very necessary to set up anti-seismic and shock-absorbing structures for tunnel linings.

[0035] A large number of calculations and earthquake damage cases show that the vicinity of the fault interface where the geological conditions change is an unfavorable section for the anti-seismic and shock-absorbing of tunnels. The existing assembled precast flexible joints and other forms of joint structures are complex and difficult to implement in actual construction, and the seismic effect is not good.

[0036] In view of this, the present invention provides a waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a tunnel crossing a fault. Please refer to Figure 1 , this structure includes an annular arch frame 200 circumferentially arranged in the secondary lining 100 of the tunnel and a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 wrapped outside the annular arch frame 200; annular grooves 01 are provided on both sides of the annular arch frame 200 facing the secondary lining 1, and the secondary lining 100 is poured and embedded into the grooves 01.

[0037] The circular arch frame 200 disconnects the secondary lining 100 longitudinally. The secondary lining 100 is poured and embedded into the groove 01, with good integrity and stable static bearing capacity. Moreover, the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 is connected between the circular arch frame 200 and the secondary lining 100, which can effectively improve the impact resistance of the secondary lining 100 and reduce the damage of the tunnel structure and joint parts under the action of high-intensity ground motion. In addition, the present invention is applicable to the cast-in-place secondary lining 100, without the need to make special molds, and the construction process is simple.

[0038] In an alternative embodiment of the present example, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the longitudinal section of the circular arch frame 200 is in the shape of an I-beam, and the height of the I-beam is equal to the thickness of the secondary lining 100, thus playing a role in longitudinal support for the secondary lining 100.

[0039] In an alternative embodiment of the present example, the circular arch frame 200 is made of rigid materials. More preferably, the circular arch frame 200 is made of steel, which can ensure a certain stiffness, has strong bending resistance, and at the same time, has a low production cost and a wide range of applications.

[0040] In the specific construction, the circular arch frame 200 is poured into the secondary lining. Under the static bearing condition of the tunnel, the flange plates of the circular arch frame 200 extend into the inner and outer sides of the secondary lining 100, clamping the structure of the secondary lining 100, and can effectively ensure the static bearing capacity of the lining structure.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment of the present example, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the circular arch frame 200 includes an arc-shaped left precast member 210, a right precast member 220 and an inverted arch precast member 230. The left precast member 210, the right precast member 220 and the inverted arch precast member 230 are sequentially connected end to end to form the circular arch frame 200. The left precast member 210, the right precast member 220 and the inverted arch precast member 230 are precast in the factory, which is convenient for transportation. They are welded together at the construction site, with the advantages of simple processing, transportation and installation and low cost.

[0042] The precast members of the circular arch frame 200 are not limited to being set in three sections, and can be designed according to the needs of production, transportation and processing. Moreover, the shape of the precast members of the circular arch frame 200 is processed and designed according to the shape and size of the tunnel excavation, mainly to meet the requirement of fitting the tunnel, so as to play a better supporting role.

[0043] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 is wrapped around the annular arch frame 200. The shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 is made of rubber with chemical corrosion resistance and strong adhesion. The shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 is provided in three sections with both ends of each section open. The three sections of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 are respectively sleeved outside the left precast member 210, the right precast member 220, and the invert precast member 230. Under the action of an earthquake, the flexible outer shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 can effectively improve the impact resistance of the joint part and the seismic performance of the overall tunnel structure.

[0044] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, the joints of each section of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 are bonded with neoprene rubber. Neoprene rubber has good durability, impact resistance, and high bonding strength.

[0045] The existing flexible joint structure still has problems such as difficult waterproofing of the joint and poor waterproof performance.

[0046] In view of this, please refer to Figures 2 to 6 together. In this embodiment, a water stop strip 310 is provided on the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300. The water stop strip 310 is arranged in the groove 01 and embedded in the secondary lining 100. The water stop strip 310 includes a horizontal member 311 and a vertical member 312 vertically connected to the horizontal member 311. One end of the vertical member 312 is connected to the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300, and the other end of the vertical member 312 is connected to the middle of the horizontal member 311. The horizontal member 311 and the vertical member 312 form a T-shaped water stop strip 310, which can be better embedded in the secondary lining 100 and can effectively avoid dislocation during an earthquake.

[0047] More preferably, the water stop strip 310 is set as a water-expandable rubber strip, which can absorb a large amount of water and expand in volume after encountering water, effectively preventing water leakage at the joint part of the secondary lining 100.

[0048] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, four water stop strips 310 are provided for each annular arch frame 200, which can not only effectively improve the waterproof performance of the joint structure but also save costs.

[0049] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, a waterproof board 400 is provided outside the secondary lining 100, and a waterproof board protective layer 500 is arranged circumferentially between the annular arch frame 200 and the waterproof board 400. The function of the waterproof board protective layer 500 is to prevent the joint structure from damaging the waterproof board 400 of the tunnel structure.

[0050] In an alternative solution of this embodiment, the waterproof board protective layer 500 is set as a reinforced rubber board. The reinforced rubber board has high hardness, wear resistance, and impact resistance, protecting the waterproof board 400 and thus extending its service life.

[0051] Regarding the shape and structure of the waterproof board protective layer 500, please refer to Figure 7 , and the specific description is as follows:

[0052] The waterproof board protection layer 500 is provided in a ring shape, and its shape is designed according to the shape and size of the tunnel. During construction, the waterproof board protection layer 500 is pasted on the waterproof board 400.

[0053] In an optional solution of this embodiment, an initial support 600 is provided on the outside of the waterproof board 400. The initial support 600 mainly uses anchor rods and shotcrete to support the surrounding rock. Sometimes, according to the needs of the operation, it is supplemented with steel mesh, steel arch frame, etc. to improve the strength and rigidity of the support. Its main function is to ensure the stability and safety of the tunnel during construction.

[0054] In summary, the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel in this embodiment can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0055] 1. The present invention cuts the secondary lining 100 longitudinally and casts the secondary lining 100 into an I-shaped waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure. The joint structure has good integrity and stable static load-bearing capacity.

[0056] 2. The T-shaped water stop strip 310 on the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 of the present invention is embedded in the secondary lining 100 and is made of water-swellable rubber material, which can effectively prevent water seepage and leakage at the joints of the secondary lining 100;

[0057] 3. The waterproof board protective layer 500 of the present invention is disposed between the annular arch 200 of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 and the waterproof board 400, which can effectively prevent damage to the waterproof board 400 when the lining structure is displaced;

[0058] 4. The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint of the present invention has a simple structure, ingenious design and a wide range of applications.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] A construction method using the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault-piercing tunnel described in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0061] S1: Prefabricate the left prefabricated component 210, the right prefabricated component 220, the inverted arch prefabricated component 230 and the corresponding three-section shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 in the factory according to the tunnel shape, size and design and construction requirements;

[0062] S2: The three sections of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve 300 are respectively mounted on the outside of the left prefabricated component 210, the right prefabricated component 220 and the inverted arch prefabricated component 230;

[0063] S3: Transport to the construction site. With the help of the steel arch installation trolley, place the left precast member 210, right precast member 220 and invert precast member 230 with shock-absorbing rubber sleeves 300 sleeved on them at the designated positions, and perform manual welding to form a closed loop, thus forming the I-shaped ring arch 200;

[0064] S4: Degrease, derust and polish the welded joints thoroughly to avoid the condensation of dust, acids, alkalis or moisture, and then apply chlorinated rubber anticorrosive paint to the welded joint parts;

[0065] S5: Bond the joints of the three sections wrapped with the waterproof and shock-absorbing rubber sleeves 300 with neoprene glue;

[0066] S6: Install the waterproof plate protection layer 500 on the surface of the waterproof plate 400 at the joint position, place the above waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for the through-fault tunnel at the joint position, align the plane of the formwork trolley, and then start the cast-in-place secondary lining 100.

[0067] In summary, the construction method of the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for the through-fault tunnel in this embodiment can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0068] 1. The present invention is applicable to the cast-in-place secondary lining 100, without the need to make special molds, and the construction process is simple;

[0069] 2. The present invention adopts precast members prefabricated in the factory in advance, which are convenient for processing, transportation and assembly, and have low costs.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel, characterized by: It comprises an annular arch frame (200) circumferentially arranged in the secondary lining (100) of the tunnel and a shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300) wrapped around the annular arch frame (200); Annular grooves (01) are provided on both sides of the annular arch (200) facing the secondary lining (100), and the secondary lining (100) is cast and embedded in the grooves (01); The longitudinal section of the annular arch (200) is in the shape of an I, and the annular arch (200) is made of a rigid material; The annular arch frame (200) comprises an arc-shaped left prefabricated part (210), a right prefabricated part (220), and an inverted arch prefabricated part (230); the left prefabricated part (210), the right prefabricated part (220), and the inverted arch prefabricated part (230) are sequentially connected end to end to form the annular arch frame (200); The shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300) is provided in three sections, and both ends of each section are open, and the three sections of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the left prefabricated part (210), the right prefabricated part (220), and the inverted arch prefabricated part (230); The joints of each section of the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300) are bonded by means of chloroprene rubber; A water stop strip (310) is provided on the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300), and the water stop strip (310) is arranged in the groove (01) and embedded in the secondary lining (100).

2. The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water stop strip (310) comprises a horizontal piece (311) and a vertical piece (312) vertically connected to the horizontal piece (311), one end of the vertical piece (312) is connected to the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300), and the other end of the vertical piece (312) is connected to the middle of the horizontal piece (311).

3. The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The water stop strip (310) is configured as a water-swelling rubber strip.

4. The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A waterproof board (400) is provided on the outside of the secondary lining (100), and a waterproof board protective layer (500) is circumferentially arranged between the annular arch (200) and the waterproof board (400).

5. The waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The waterproof board protective layer (500) is configured as a reinforced rubber board.

6. A construction method using the waterproof and shock-absorbing flexible joint structure for a fault tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steps include: Prefabricating the annular arch frame (200) and the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300), and covering the annular arch frame (200) with the shock-absorbing rubber sleeve (300); The waterproof board protective layer (500) is installed on the surface of the waterproof board (400), the annular arch frame (200) is placed at the joint position, the template trolley plane is aligned, and then the secondary lining (100) can be started.

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