A biological medicine patch for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases, its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention provides a biological medicated patch for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases, its preparation method and application, which relates to the agricultural field. The biological medicated patch for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases includes a base layer, a drug delivery layer and a drug sealing layer which are sequentially stacked, wherein the drug delivery layer includes a solid agent of Streptomyces albus. The present invention abandons conventional chemical agents for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases, and specifically selects safe and environmentally friendly biological agents, avoiding environmental pollution caused by the application of chemical agents. At the same time, the use of the solid agent of Streptomyces albus in the present invention has a better prevention and control effect on apple tree diseases than chemical agents; the present invention is a medicated patch type biological agent, which is safe, convenient and efficient to use. It can be directly pasted on the diseased scar without the need to smear back and forth with a brush, saving labor, time and effort, and the efficiency can be increased by more than 50%; moreover, the medicated patch is not easily affected by environmental changes on the drug effect, is not affected by weather changes, is not afraid of being washed by rain, and has a long-lasting drug effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a biological medicine patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Apple trees are one of the common fruit trees with both ornamental value and economic value. Doing a good job in the prevention and control of apple tree diseases and pests is an important part of the apple tree planting process, directly affecting the planting benefits. Apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot are two main disease types of apple trees, causing serious harm to fruit trees and fruits.

[0003] Apple tree canker, also known as apple canker, commonly known as stringy wet bark, stinking bark disease, and rotten bark disease, is a disease that occurs on apple trees caused by the infection of Valsa mali. Its main harms are the branches and trunks of the fruiting trees and fruits, and it can also harm young trees and seedlings. The occurrence of apple tree canker can lead to the overall decline of the apple tree's vigor, the withering and death of the tree trunk and branches, and finally the death of the whole tree, until the entire orchard is destroyed.

[0004] Apple tree ring rot is a disease that occurs on apple tree branches and trunks caused by the infection of Botryosphaeria berengeriana. When the branches are damaged, a nearly circular reddish-brown lesion is formed with the lenticel as the center. The center protrudes like a tumor, and the edge cracks. In the following year, small black dots are produced in the middle of the lesion, and the cracks gradually deepen but do not reach the xylem. The diseased tissue warps up like a saddle shape, and some can be peeled off. The lesions often merge, making the epidermis very rough, so it is also known as the rough bark disease.

[0005] At present, in addition to agricultural control, the means for preventing and treating apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot mainly rely on chemical pesticides, and the dosage forms of the pesticides are mainly paste, suspension, aqueous solution, paste, etc. The main application method of chemical pesticides is to evenly apply the pesticides on the diseased scars after scraping the diseased scars. However, on the one hand, this method is easily affected by weather changes. For example, the medicine can be washed away on rainy days, which affects the control effect and is not environmentally friendly. On the other hand, it is time-consuming and laborious to brush the diseased scars during the prevention and control process.

[0006] To solve the environmental pollution problem caused by chemical pesticides, patent document CN113973851A discloses a Chinese herbal medicine paste for preventing and treating apple tree canker. This Chinese herbal medicine paste is prepared from ethanol extracts of perilla leaf parts, viola yedoensis ethanol extract, cassia twig ethanol extract, sophora flavescens ethanol extract, tripterygium wilfordii ethanol extract, surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, indoleacetic acid hot melt adhesive matrix, and borneol. When using this paste, it is necessary to cut 0.8 - 1 cm deep grooves on the diseased area with a knife until the xylem is reached, and the scar range exceeds the diseased area by 1 - 2 cm. Then, stick the paste on the treated diseased area and fix it. Replace the paste every 5 - 7 days, and repeat three times to achieve good prevention and treatment effects. Although using Chinese herbal medicine extracts to prevent and treat apple tree canker can overcome the environmental pollution problem caused by applying chemical pesticides, it requires frequent replacement of the paste, which still brings many inconveniences to the prevention and treatment work.

[0007] In addition, there is currently a solution for preventing and treating apple tree diseases using microbial agents. Many strains with the effect of preventing and treating apple tree canker have been screened out in the prior art, including Chaetomium globosum, Streptomyces violaceoruber rectus, Pseudomonas syringae, Saccharothrix yanglingensis, Alternaria basellae, Stenotrophomonas acidaminiphila, etc. The screened strains with the effect of preventing and treating apple tree ring rot include Pseudomonas syringae, Pichia guilliermondii, Streptomyces rochei, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, etc. However, there is currently no reported technical solution for using Streptomyces albus bacterial agents to prepare biological patches for preventing and treating apple tree diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present invention aims to provide a biological patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases, its preparation method, and application.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a biological patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases, which includes a base layer, a drug delivery layer, and a drug seal layer stacked in sequence. Among them, the drug delivery layer includes a solid Streptomyces albus bacterial agent.

[0011] Further, the drug delivery layer includes 70 - 100 parts of solid Streptomyces albus bacterial agent, and at least one of the following components: 0.5 - 2 parts of penetrant, 1 - 5 parts of tackifier, 0.1 - 1 part of phenylalanine, and 0.1 - 1 part of strain protectant.

[0012] Further, the drug delivery layer includes 80 - 100 parts of solid Streptomyces albus bacterial agent, 0.5 - 1.4 parts of penetrant, 1.2 - 2.5 parts of tackifier, 0.5 - 0.8 part of phenylalanine, and 0.3 - 0.4 part of strain protectant.

[0013] Further, the drug delivery layer includes the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0014] 80 parts of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, 1.2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2.5 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5 part of phenylalanine and 0.3 part of alginic acid; or

[0015] 82 parts of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, 1.4 parts of alcohol ether phosphate, 0.8 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.8 part of guar gum, 0.8 part of phenylalanine and 0.4 part of alginic acid; or

[0016] 97.5 parts of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, 0.5 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of phenylalanine and 0.3 part of alginic acid.

[0017] Furthermore, the strain in the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant is specifically Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117.

[0018] The Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 was isolated from the soil of a cherry orchard in Shanhaiguan, Hebei Province. It was deposited at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) on December 25, 2017, with the deposit number CGMCC No. 15117 and the deposit address being No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. And this strain has been disclosed in the patent literatures with the publication numbers CN108409411A and CN108496995A.

[0019] Furthermore, the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant is a solid fermentation culture of Streptomyces albus.

[0020] Furthermore, the preparation method of the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant includes the following steps:

[0021] Sporulation suspension preparation: Pour sterile water onto the slant of the Gao's No. 1 solid medium containing Streptomyces albus, scrape its spores, and shake well to obtain the sporulation suspension of Streptomyces albus. The cell concentration of the sporulation suspension is 10 8 ~10 9 cfu / mL;

[0022] Seed culture: Inoculate the sporulation suspension into the seed culture medium at a ratio of 1 - 5:100 by volume, and culture it in a shaking flask at 25 - 30 °C and 180 - 200 r / min for 90 - 96 h to obtain the seed culture;

[0023] Solid fermentation culture: inoculate the seed liquid into a solid fermentation medium with a water content of 45 - 65% at a ratio of 5 - 15:100 mL / g by volume - mass ratio, perform tray fermentation culture at 25 - 30 °C for 4 - 7 days, air - dry at 20 - 30 °C, grind, and pass through a 40 - 80 - mesh sieve to obtain the solid agent of Streptomyces albus. The viability of the Streptomyces albus solid agent is not less than 9×10 10 cfu / g.

[0024] Furthermore, the composition of the Gao's No. 1 solid medium is as follows: soluble starch 20 g / L, K2HPO4 0.5 g / L, KNO3 1 g / L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g / L, FeSO4·7H2O 0.01 g / L, agar 20 g / L, the balance being distilled water, and the pH is 7.2 - 7.4.

[0025] Furthermore, the composition of the seed - liquid medium is as follows: corn flour 10 g / L, peptone 10 g / L, yeast powder 5 g / L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2 g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.3 g / L, the balance being distilled water, and the pH is natural.

[0026] Furthermore, the composition of the solid fermentation medium is as follows: rice husk 18 g / L, wheat bran 45.7 g / L, corn flour 23 g / L, soybean cake powder 12 g / L, calcium carbonate 0.8 g / L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3 g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.2 g / L, the balance being distilled water, and the pH is natural.

[0027] Furthermore, the penetrant includes at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, silicone polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol, succinic acid diester salt, special alcohol ether, fatty alcohol EO - PO, ethylenediamine EO - PO, alcohol ether succinate, phenol ether succinate, and alcohol ether phosphate.

[0028] Furthermore, the thickener includes at least one of chitosan oligosaccharide, xanthan gum, PEG - 55, propylene glycol oleate, sodium polyacrylate, guar gum, and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0029] Furthermore, the strain protectant includes alginic acid.

[0030] Furthermore, the material of the base layer is selected as water - repellent non - woven fabric, and drawstrings for tying the water - repellent non - woven fabric to the affected area are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the water - repellent non - woven fabric.

[0031] Furthermore, the material of the medicine - sealing layer is selected as release paper.

[0032] Furthermore, the thickness of the drug - delivery layer is 5 mm.

[0033] Furthermore, the area of the drug - delivery layer is smaller than that of the base layer.

[0034] Further, the type of the apple tree disease is apple tree canker or apple tree ring rot.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases, comprising the following steps: mixing the raw material components for preparing the drug delivery layer evenly, uniformly applying the mixture on the base layer to form the drug delivery layer on its surface, and finally attaching the drug sealing layer on the surface of the drug delivery layer.

[0036] In a third aspect, the present invention provides the application of the biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases in preventing and treating apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot.

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] 1. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases provided by the present invention comprises a base layer, a drug delivery layer and a drug sealing layer which are sequentially stacked. The drug delivery layer comprises a solid agent of Streptomyces albus. The present invention applies the solid agent of Streptomyces albus for the first time in preventing and treating apple tree diseases. Through experiments, the inhibitory effects of Streptomyces albus on Valsa mali and Botryosphaeria berengeriana were verified, indicating the application prospect of Streptomyces albus in preventing and treating apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot.

[0039] The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0040] First, the present invention abandons conventional chemical agents for preventing and treating apple tree diseases, and specifically selects safe and environmentally friendly biological agents, avoiding environmental pollution caused by the application of chemical agents. At the same time, the use of the solid agent of Streptomyces albus provided by the present invention has a better prevention and treatment effect on apple tree diseases than chemical agents.

[0041] Second, the present invention is a medicated patch type biological agent, which is safe, convenient and efficient to use. It can be directly attached to the diseased scar without the need to smear back and forth with a brush, saving labor, time and effort. The efficiency can be increased by more than 50%. Moreover, the medicated patch is not easily affected by environmental changes in drug efficacy, is not affected by weather changes, is not afraid of rain washing, and has a long-lasting drug effect.

[0042] Third, compared with applying the paste prepared by mixing the solid agent of Streptomyces albus, the biological medicated patch provided by the present invention has a more prominent prevention and treatment effect on apple tree diseases.

[0043] 2. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases provided by the present invention preferably adds at least one of a penetrant, a tackifier, phenylalanine, and a strain protectant. Among them, the addition of the penetrant is for better absorption of the drug; the addition of the tackifier is to increase the adhesiveness of the medicated patch, so that the medicament is integrated and does not delaminate, and can be better attached to the diseased scar on the tree body; the strain protectant is for better maintaining the activity of Streptomyces albus; phenylalanine can enhance the effect of the solid bacterium agent of Streptomyces albus on the canker disease.

[0044] 3. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases provided by the present invention preferably uses the solid bacterium agent of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 as the active ingredient of the drug delivery layer. This strain has a higher antibacterial rate compared with other Streptomyces albus strains, and the strain has good genetic stability. After heat treatment and ultraviolet irradiation, its control effect on apple tree canker disease is still extremely prominent.

[0045] 4. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases provided by the present invention preferably has a water-repellent non-woven fabric as the base layer. The water-repellent non-woven fabric has no warp and weft, is very convenient for cutting and sewing, and is light in weight and easy to shape. Its strength has no directionality, and the longitudinal and transverse strengths are similar. At the same time, it has the characteristics of water repellency, air permeability, flexibility, lightness, flame retardancy, non-toxic and odorless, low price, and easy degradation. The use of the water-repellent non-woven fabric can further reduce the loss of the components of the drug delivery layer, and it will gradually weather over time without the need for manual removal of the medicated patch; by setting drawstrings at the upper and lower ends of the water-repellent non-woven fabric for tying the water-repellent non-woven fabric to the affected area, it is more convenient to fix the biological medicated patch and prevent the medicated patch from falling off due to environmental factors such as strong winds. For example, an elastic cord connecting the upper and lower ends on the same side can be respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the water-repellent non-woven fabric. The overall shape of the medicated patch is similar to that of a mask. When in use, after the medicated patch is attached to the diseased scar, the two ends of the elastic cord are crossed and tied to each other, which is simple, convenient and easy to operate.

[0046] 5. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases provided by the present invention can be set in different specifications to adapt to different sizes of diseased scars, such as 10 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 25 cm, 30 cm × 35 cm, 40 cm × 45 cm, etc. Detailed implementation manners

[0047] The following embodiments are provided to better further understand the present invention. It is not limited to the best implementation manner, and does not limit the content and protection scope of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention obtained by anyone under the inspiration of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art features falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0048] The culture media and their compositions in the embodiments and experimental examples are as follows:

[0049] Gause's No. 1 solid medium: soluble starch 20 g / L, K2HPO4 0.5 g / L, KNO3 1 g / L, MgSO4·7H2O 0.5 g / L, FeSO4·7H2O 0.01 g / L, agar 20 g / L, the balance is distilled water, pH 7.2 - 7.4;

[0050] Seed liquid medium: corn flour 10 g / L, peptone 10 g / L, yeast powder 5 g / L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2 g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.3 g / L, the balance is distilled water, natural pH;

[0051] Solid fermentation medium: rice husk 18 g / L, wheat bran 45.7 g / L, corn flour 23 g / L, soybean cake powder 12 g / L, calcium carbonate 0.8 g / L, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.3 g / L, magnesium sulfate 0.2 g / L, the balance is distilled water, natural pH;

[0052] 2216E agar medium: special peptone 5 g / L, yeast powder 1 g / L, agar powder 20 g / L, the balance is distilled water, natural pH;

[0053] PDA medium: potato 200 g / L, glucose 20 g / L, agar powder 20 g / L, the balance is distilled water, natural pH.

[0054] The sources of purchase of each medicament in the experimental examples are as follows:

[0055] 3% thiophanate-methyl paste, Shandong Zhongxin Kenuo Biotechnology Co., Ltd.;

[0056] 3% imazalil ointment, Shaanxi Qinfeng Agrochemical Co., Ltd.;

[0057] 45% ammonium carbamate aqueous solution, Hebei Shuangji Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

[0058] The sources of acquisition of each strain in the examples and experimental examples are as follows:

[0059] Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 was isolated from the soil of a cherry orchard in Shanhaiguan, Hebei Province. It was deposited in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) on December 25, 2017, with the deposit number CGMCC No. 15117 and the deposit address being No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences;

[0060] Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 18754 was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center;

[0061] Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 17536 was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center;

[0062] Valsa mali was isolated from the canker of an apple tree in the orchard of a fruit farmer in Daxinzhai Town, Funing County, Qinhuangdao City;

[0063] Botryosphaeria berengeriana was isolated from the ring rot canker of an apple tree in the orchard of a fruit farmer in Daxinzhai Town, Funing County, Qinhuangdao City.

[0064] For those not specifying specific experimental steps or conditions in the examples, the operations or conditions of the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in this field can be followed. The raw materials or instruments used are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase, including but not limited to the raw materials or instruments used in the examples of this application.

[0065] Example 1

[0066] This example provides a biological medicated patch for controlling apple tree diseases, which is composed of a base layer, a drug delivery layer and a drug sealing layer stacked in sequence. Among them, the base layer is made of water-repellent non-woven fabric, and an elastic cord connecting the upper and lower ends on the same side is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the water-repellent non-woven fabric; the drug sealing layer is made of release paper; the drug delivery layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent, 1.2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2.5 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5 part of phenylalanine (purity ≥ 98%) and 0.3 part of alginic acid.

[0067] This example also provides a preparation method of the aforementioned biological medicated patch. The specific steps are as follows: First, add the Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent to phenylalanine and alginic acid and mix well, then add fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and mix well, and finally add xanthan gum and mix well to form a mixture with a certain viscosity. Then, evenly apply it on the base layer. The applied area should be smaller than the area of the base layer, and the applied thickness is 5 mm. Finally, stick the drug sealing layer on the surface.

[0068] The preparation method of the Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent is as follows:

[0069] Sporulation suspension preparation: Pour sterile water onto the slant of the Gao's No. 1 solid medium storing Streptomyces albus (preservation number: CGMCC No. 15117), scrape its spores, and shake and mix well to obtain the spore suspension of Streptomyces albus. The cell concentration of the spore suspension is 10 8 ~10 9 cfu / mL;

[0070] Seed liquid culture: Inoculate the spore suspension into the seed liquid medium at a volume ratio of 3:100, and culture it in a shaking flask at 28 °C and 180 r / min for 90 h to obtain the seed liquid;

[0071] Solid fermentation culture: Inoculate the seed liquid into the solid fermentation medium with a water content of 50% at a volume-mass ratio of 10:100 mL / g, perform koji pan fermentation culture at 28°C for 5.5 days, air-dry at 25°C, grind, and pass through a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, and the viability of the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant is not less than 9×10 10 cfu / g.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This example provides a biological medicated patch for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases, which is composed of a base layer, a drug delivery layer, and a drug sealing layer stacked in sequence. Among them, the base layer selects water-repellent non-woven fabric, and an elastic rope connecting the upper and lower ends on the same side is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the water-repellent non-woven fabric; the drug sealing layer selects release paper; the drug delivery layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 82 parts of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, 1.4 parts of alcohol ether phosphate, 0.8 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.8 part of guar gum, 0.8 part of phenylalanine (purity ≥ 98%) and 0.4 part of

[0074] alginic acid.

[0075] This example also provides a preparation method for the aforementioned biological medicated patch. The specific steps are as follows: First, add the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant to phenylalanine and alginic acid and mix well, then add alcohol ether phosphate and mix well, and finally add chitosan oligosaccharide and guar gum and mix well to form a mixture with a certain viscosity. Then, evenly apply it on the base layer, and the applied area should be smaller than the area of the base layer, and the applied thickness is 5 mm. Finally, stick the drug sealing layer on the surface.

[0076] The preparation method of the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant is the same as that in Example 1.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] This example provides a biological medicated patch for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases, which is composed of a base layer, a drug delivery layer, and a drug sealing layer stacked in sequence. Among them, the base layer selects water-repellent non-woven fabric, and an elastic rope connecting the upper and lower ends on the same side is respectively provided on the left and right sides of the water-repellent non-woven fabric; the drug sealing layer selects release paper; the drug delivery layer is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 97.5 parts of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, 0.5 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of phenylalanine (purity ≥ 98%) and 0.3 part of alginic acid.

[0079] This example also provides a preparation method for the aforementioned biological medicated patch. The specific steps are as follows: First, add the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant to phenylalanine and alginic acid and mix well, then add fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether and mix well, and finally add polyvinyl alcohol and mix well to form a mixture with a certain viscosity. Then, evenly apply it on the base layer, and the applied area should be smaller than the area of the base layer, and the applied thickness is 5 mm. Finally, stick the drug sealing layer on the surface.

[0080] The preparation method of the solid bacterium agent of Streptomyces albus is the same as that in Example 1.

[0081] Experimental Example 1 Antibacterial effect of Streptomyces albus on pathogenic bacteria

[0082] This experimental example aims to verify the antibacterial effect of Streptomyces albus on the pathogenic bacteria of apple tree canker and ring rot through antibacterial tests. Compare the antibacterial rates of the following three strains of Streptomyces albus: Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 18754, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 17536.

[0083] The test method is as follows:

[0084] Strain activation: Streptomyces albus was streaked and inoculated on a 2216E agar medium plate and cultured at 28 °C for 6 days to obtain activated Streptomyces albus; the pathogenic bacterium of apple tree canker (Valsa mali) was spot-inoculated on a PDA medium plate and cultured at 28 °C for 7 days to obtain activated canker pathogenic bacteria; the pathogenic bacterium of apple tree ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana) was spot-inoculated on a PDA medium plate and cultured at 28 °C for 7 days to obtain activated ring rot pathogenic bacteria.

[0085] Confrontation experiment: Cross-draw a cross on the back of a PDA medium plate with a diameter of 90 mm. Taking the center of the cross as the center of the plate circle, at 3 points on the cross line 25 mm away from the center of the circle, activated Streptomyces albus bacterial cakes with a diameter of 6 mm were spot-inoculated as the experimental group, and the 4th point was spot-inoculated with a blank medium as the control group; at the center of the plate, an activated pathogenic bacteria bacterial cake with a diameter of 6 mm was spot-inoculated; cultured at 28 °C for 7 days, the radius of the control pathogenic bacteria and the radius of the experimental pathogenic bacteria (unit: mm) were respectively counted, and the antibacterial rate was calculated according to the following formula:

[0086] Antibacterial rate (%) = (radius of control pathogenic bacteria - radius of treated pathogenic bacteria) / radius of control pathogenic bacteria × 100. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1 Antibacterial rate results corresponding to each Streptomyces albus strain

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 1, among the three Streptomyces albus strains, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 showed outstanding antibacterial rates against the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot, which were 91.26% and 88.63% respectively; the antibacterial rates of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 18754 against the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot were 77.40% and 75.18% respectively; the antibacterial rates of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 17536 against the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot were 78.86% and 74.25% respectively. It can be seen that the three Streptomyces albus strains all had a certain inhibitory effect on the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot, and the antibacterial rate of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 against the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot was higher than that of the other two Streptomyces albus strains, with outstanding antibacterial effect.

[0090] Experimental Example 2 Antibacterial Rate of Streptomyces albus after Subculture against Pathogens

[0091] This experimental example aims to verify the antibacterial effect of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 after subculture against the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot through antibacterial tests.

[0092] Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 was subcultured, and the antibacterial rates of the 12th-generation bacteria, 24th-generation bacteria, and 36th-generation bacteria against the pathogen of apple canker (Valsa mali) and the pathogen of apple ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana) were measured. The test method referred to Experimental Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0093] Table 2 Antibacterial Rate Results Corresponding to Different Subcultured Strains of Streptomyces albus

[0094] Pathogenic bacteria Cause diseases The first generation The twelfth generation The twenty-fourth generation The thirty-sixth generation Valsa mali Apple canker 92.14％ 91.30％ 90.35％ 90.62％ Botryosphaeria berengeriana Apple ring rot 89.44％ 89.12％ 88.56％ 88.53％

[0095] As can be seen from Table 2, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 had good subculture stability. When the strain was subcultured to the 36th generation, the antibacterial rates against apple canker and ring rot were 90.62% and 88.53% respectively, with little difference from the antibacterial rate of the 1st-generation strain.

[0096] Experimental Example 3 Antibacterial Rate of Streptomyces albus after High-Temperature Treatment against Pathogens

[0097] This experimental example aims to verify the antibacterial effect of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 18754, and Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 17536 after high-temperature treatment against the pathogens of apple canker and ring rot through antibacterial tests.

[0098] Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.15117, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.18754, and Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.17536 were streaked on 2216E medium with a bamboo stick and cultured at 28°C for 7 days to obtain three activated Streptomyces albus strains. The three activated Streptomyces albus strains were respectively treated at 45°C, 65°C, 85°C, and 105°C for 35 min, and then the antibacterial rates against the pathogenic bacteria of apple tree canker (Valsa mali) and apple tree ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana) were measured respectively. The test method was referred to Experimental Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.

[0099] Table 3 Antibacterial rate results of Streptomyces albus fermentation broth after high-temperature treatment

[0100] As can be seen from Table 3, even after being treated at 105°C, the antibacterial rates of the fermentation broth of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.15117 against the pathogenic bacteria of apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot can still reach 89.29% and 86.46%, respectively. The antibacterial effect after high-temperature treatment is significantly better than that of the other two strains.

[0101] Experimental Example 4 Antibacterial rate of Streptomyces albus against pathogenic bacteria after ultraviolet irradiation

[0102] This experimental example aims to verify the antibacterial effects of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.15117, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.18754, and Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.17536 against the pathogenic bacteria of apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot after ultraviolet irradiation treatment through antibacterial tests.

[0103] Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.15117, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.18754, and Streptomyces albus CGMCC No.17536 were streaked on 2216E medium with a bamboo stick and cultured at 28°C for 7 days to obtain three activated Streptomyces albus strains. The three activated Streptomyces albus strains were respectively placed in a laminar flow hood and irradiated with ultraviolet light for 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min, 180 min, 210 min, and 240 min, and then the antibacterial rates against the pathogenic bacteria of apple tree canker (Valsa mali) and apple tree ring rot (Botryosphaeria berengeriana) were measured. The test method was referred to Experimental Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 4.

[0104] Table 4 Antibacterial rate results of Streptomyces albus fermentation broth after high-temperature treatment

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] As can be seen from Table 4, after ultraviolet irradiation for different times, Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 can still maintain a high antibacterial rate. After 240 min of irradiation, the antibacterial rates of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 against the pathogens of apple rot and ring rot can still reach 87.86% and 85.64%, respectively. The antibacterial effect after ultraviolet irradiation treatment is significantly better than that of the other two strains.

[0108] Experimental Example 5 Antibacterial Rates of Different Concentrations of Streptomyces albus against Pathogens

[0109] This experimental example aims to verify the antibacterial effects of different concentrations of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 against the pathogens of apple tree canker and ring rot through antibacterial tests.

[0110] The test method is as follows:

[0111] Preparation of spore suspension: Add sterile water to the slant of 2216E solid medium containing Streptomyces albus, scrape its spores, and mix well by shaking to obtain a spore suspension. The cell concentration of the spore suspension is 10 9 cfu / mL. Dilute the spore suspension to obtain spore suspensions with concentrations of 10 8 cfu / mL, 10 7 cfu / mL, and 10 6 cfu / mL, and then conduct antibacterial tests against apple rot respectively.

[0112] Preparation of PDA medium: Pour 20 mL of PDA medium into each petri dish, then add 100 μL of spore suspension. After the PDA medium solidifies, inoculate an activated pathogen cake with a diameter of 6 mm of apple tree canker pathogen and tree ring rot pathogen in the center of the petri dish (the activation method refers to Experimental Example 1), and set a blank control without adding spore suspension. Incubate at 28 °C for 7 days, respectively measure the radii of the control pathogens and the treated pathogens (unit: mm), and calculate the antibacterial rate according to the following formula:

[0113] Antibacterial rate (%) = (radius of control pathogen - radius of treated pathogen) / radius of control pathogen × 100. The results are shown in Table 5.

[0114] Table 5 Antibacterial Rate Results Corresponding to Different Concentrations of Streptomyces albus Spore Suspensions

[0115] Pathogenic bacteria Cause diseases <![CDATA[10 9 > <![CDATA[10 8 > <![CDATA[10 7 > <![CDATA[10 6 > Valsa mali Apple canker 96.46％ 95.63％ 90.65％ 86.94％ Botryosphaeria berengeriana Apple ring rot 94.84％ 93.63％ 89.75％ 84.36％

[0116] As can be seen from Table 5, when the concentration of the spore suspension of Streptomyces albus CGMCC No. 15117 is 10 6When the concentration is cfu / mL, the antibacterial rates against apple tree canker and ring rot still remain at a relatively high level, which are 86.94% and 84.36% respectively.

[0117] Experimental Example 6: Effect Test of Streptomyces albus Solid Bactericide after Adding Auxiliary Components

[0118] This experimental example aims to verify the treatment effect of the Streptomyces albus solid bactericide prepared in Example 3 on apple tree canker after adding auxiliary components through in vitro branch treatment tests.

[0119] The test method is as follows:

[0120] Collect 2-year-old Fuji apple tree branches in the apple orchard, select branches with relatively uniform thickness and a length of 25 cm for in vitro branch tests. Before the test, first disinfect the surface of the branches with 75% ethanol, then rinse them 3 times with sterilized sterile water, and moisturize both ends of the branches with wet absorbent cotton balls. Use a sterile punch with a diameter of 6 mm to punch holes. The punching position is 10 cm from both ends of the branch, and 2 holes are made on each branch for the test. Each treatment is repeated 3 times in the test, and each repetition has 3 branches. After punching, culture them in an incubator at 28°C.

[0121] During the test, first inoculate the pathogen of apple tree canker with a diameter of 6 mm at the punched position, then wrap the test area with a wet gauze and culture it at 28°C for 3 days. After that, remove the mycelial cake of the canker pathogen and inoculate the Streptomyces albus solid bactericide or a mixture of the Streptomyces albus solid bactericide and auxiliary components. The inoculation amount is 1.8 g for each point, and the inoculation method is to fill the punched position of the branch and the area with a diameter of 5 mm around the punched hole, and then wrap it with a wet gauze for moisturizing; at the same time, set a blank control. The blank control is to inoculate the solid medium fermentation product (fermented from the solid fermentation medium in Example 1 without inoculation under the same conditions) after removing the canker pathogen. The inoculation amount and inoculation method are the same as above; set the chemical agent treatment test as a positive control, and the inoculation amount and inoculation method are the same as above. Place the branches after each treatment in an incubator at 28°C and culture for 12 days. Observe the occurrence of apple tree canker, measure the size of the lesions, and calculate the lesion area and control effect according to the following formulas respectively.

[0122] Lesion area = 1 / 4 × π × major axis × minor axis

[0123] Control effect (%) = [(control lesion area - mycelial cake area) - (treatment lesion area - mycelial disease area)] / (control lesion area - mycelial cake area) × 100

[0124] The specific test treatments and results are shown in Table 6.

[0125] Table 6: Control Effects Corresponding to the Streptomyces albus Solid Bactericide and after Adding Auxiliary Components

[0126]

[0127] Note: Different lowercase letters marked after the data in the same column indicate a 5% difference level between treatments.

[0128] As shown in Table 6, the control effect of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant + fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is 85.53%; the control effect of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant + polyvinyl alcohol is 83.64%; the control effect of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant + phenylalanine is 86.43%; the control effect of Streptomyces albus solid inoculant + alginic acid is 86.87%; the control effect of single Streptomyces albus solid inoculant is 84.75%; the control effect of 3% thiophanate-methyl paste is 85.37%. The above treatments are not significantly different at the 5% difference level. However, when fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether + polyvinyl alcohol + phenylalanine + alginic acid are simultaneously added to the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, the treatment effect is significantly improved. The control effect is 91.64%, which is 6.89% higher than that of the single Streptomyces albus solid inoculant and 6.27% higher than that of the chemical pesticide (3% thiophanate-methyl paste), and is significantly different at the 5% difference level.

[0129] Experimental Example 7 Effect Test of the Biological Medicinal Patch in Saving Labor and Time and Improving the Control Effect

[0130] This experimental example aims to compare the effects of the biological medicinal patch provided by the present invention and the chemical paste in saving labor and time and improving the control effect of apple tree canker.

[0131] The test method is as follows:

[0132] The test was carried out in an orchard in Niulandian Village, Daxinzhai Town, Funing County, Qinhuangdao City. The variety is Fuji and the tree age is 18 years. A total of 60 canker scars were selected, and 1 canker scar was selected for each tree, and the sizes of the selected canker scars were as equivalent as possible to reduce the test error. Among them, 30 trees were taken as one treatment, with a total of 2 treatments, 3 replicates for each treatment, and 10 trees for each replicate. Before the test, the canker scars were first scraped off. The scraping surface of the canker scar should be larger than the affected area, the edge should be smooth, and it should be slightly upright. When treating the canker, the time used for the biological medicinal patch (prepared in Example 1) and the conventional chemical paste (3% imazalil paste) was counted according to the replicates. Since the previous scraping steps were the same, only the time for applying the medicine was timed. At the same time, the treatment effect of the canker was statistically analyzed 5 months after applying the medicine, the size of the lesion was measured, and the lesion area and control effect were calculated respectively according to the following formula. Lesion area = 1 / 4 × π × major axis × minor axis

[0133] Control effect (%) = [(control lesion area - mycelial disc area) - (treatment lesion area - mycelial disease area)] / (control lesion area - mycelial disc area) × 100

[0134] The test results are shown in Table 7 and Table 8.

[0135] Table 7 Average time taken for applying the biological medicated patch and the chemical paste

[0136]

[0137] As can be seen from Table 7, for Treatment 1, the average time taken for three repetitions of applying the biological medicated patch is 5 minutes and 6 seconds. For Treatment 2, the average time taken for three repetitions of applying the chemical paste is 11 minutes and 18 seconds. The average time taken for Treatment 1 is reduced by 54.87% compared to Treatment 2, that is, the time taken is reduced by more than half. It can be seen that the use of the biological medicated patch is very convenient and can greatly shorten the operation time.

[0138] Table 8 Control effect of applying the biological medicated patch and the chemical paste on apple tree canker

[0139]

[0140] Note: Different lowercase letters marked after the data in the same column indicate a 5% difference level between treatments.

[0141] As can be seen from Table 8, for Treatment 1, the average control effect of applying the biological medicated patch is 88.03%. For Treatment 2, the average control effect of applying the chemical paste is 84.67%, and the difference is significant at the 5% significant level.

[0142] Experimental Example 8 Comparative test on the effects of the biological medicated patch, the drug delivery layer substance and the chemical agent

[0143] This experimental example aims to compare the effects of the biological medicated patch provided by the present invention, the drug delivery layer substance and the chemical agent in improving the control effect of apple tree canker.

[0144] Test 1:

[0145] The test site is a farmer's orchard in Tiechang Village, Lijia Township, Suizhong County, Huludao City, Liaoning Province. The apple variety is Fuji, and the tree age is 16 years. On April 6, 2021, apple tree rot was prevented and treated. A total of 5 treatments were set up in the test: Treatment 1 is the biological patch prepared in Example 1 of the present invention; Treatment 2 is the drug layer material (a mixture of drug layer raw materials) of the biological patch in Example 1 of the present invention; Treatment 3 is a chemical ointment (3% imazalil ointment); Treatment 4 is a chemical aqueous solution (45% mancozeb aqueous solution); Treatment 5 is a blank control treatment. Each treatment has 3 replicates, each replicate has 5 trees, and fruit trees with relatively consistent rot scar sizes are selected. Scrape off the rot scars before the test. The scraped surface of the scar should be larger than the affected area, and the edges should be smooth and slightly upright. Among them, the application method of treatment 1 is to directly apply it to the affected area of ​​the scar, and the area of ​​the patch is larger than the area of ​​the scar to ensure that the entire scar is covered by the patch; the application method of treatment 2 is to mix the drug layer material and the clean mud in a mass ratio of 1:1 into a paste, and evenly apply it to the affected area of ​​the scar with a brush; the application methods of treatments 3 and 4 are to directly apply the chemical agent evenly to the affected area of ​​the scar with a brush; treatment 5 does not use any agent, and applies clean water. The test results were checked on July 26, 2021, the size of the lesions was measured, and the lesion area and prevention and control effect were calculated according to the following formulas.

[0146] Lesion area = 1 / 4 × π × major diameter × minor diameter

[0147] Control effect (%) = [(control lesion area - bacterial cake area) - (treatment lesion area - bacterial disease area)] / (control lesion area - bacterial cake area) × 100

[0148] The results are shown in Table 9.

[0149] Table 9 The control effect of applying biological medicine patch, drug layer material and chemical agent on apple tree rot

[0150]

[0151]

[0152] Note: Different lowercase letters after the same column of data indicate a 5% difference level between treatments

[0153] As can be seen from Table 9, the control effect of the biological medicated patch is 90.52%, the control effect of the drug delivery layer substance is 85.64%, the control effect of the 3% imazalil cream is 86.71%, and the control effect of the 45% ammonium dithane aqueous solution is 82.27%. The control effect of the biological medicated patch is significantly higher than that of the other three experimental groups. Through the 5% difference level analysis, there are significant differences between Treatment 1 and Treatments 2, 3, and 4 at the 5% difference level, and there are also significant differences between Treatments 2 and 3 and Treatment 4 at the 5% difference level. For biological agents with the same composition, the use form of the medicated patch is significantly better than the direct application method. For chemical pesticides, the effect of the cream is better than that of the aqueous solution. It can be seen from this that the dosage form and use method of the agent will have a certain impact on the control effect of apple tree canker disease.

[0154] Experiment 2:

[0155] The experimental site was an orchard of a farmer in Niulandian Village, Daxinzhai Town, Funing County, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. The apple variety was Fuji, and the tree age was 14 years. On March 26, 2021, the apple tree canker disease was controlled. A total of 5 treatments were set up in the experiment: Treatment 1 was the treatment with the biological medicated patch prepared in Example 2 of the present invention; Treatment 2 was the treatment with the drug delivery layer substance (mixture of drug delivery layer raw materials) of the biological medicated patch in Example 2 of the present invention; Treatment 3 was the treatment with the chemical agent cream (3% imazalil cream); Treatment 4 was the treatment with the chemical agent aqueous solution (45% ammonium dithane aqueous solution); Treatment 5 was the blank control treatment. Each treatment had 3 replicates, and each replicate had 5 trees. Fruit trees with relatively consistent sizes of canker scars were selected. Before the experiment, the canker scars were first scraped off. The scraping surface of the canker scar should be larger than the affected area, the edge should be smooth, and it should be slightly upright. Among them, the application method of Treatment 1 was to directly stick it to the affected area of the canker scar, and the area of the medicated patch was larger than the area of the canker scar to ensure that the entire canker scar was covered by the medicated patch; the application method of Treatment 2 was to mix the drug delivery layer substance and clean mud in a mass ratio of 1:1 into a paste and evenly apply it to the affected area of the canker scar with a brush; the application methods of Treatments 3 and 4 were to directly apply the chemical agent evenly to the affected area of the canker scar with a brush; Treatment 5 did not use any agent and water was applied. On July 26, 2021, the experimental effect was checked, the size of the disease spots was measured, and the disease spot area and control effect were calculated respectively according to the following formula.

[0156] Disease spot area = 1 / 4 × π × major axis × minor axis

[0157] Control effect (%) = [(control disease spot area - mycelial disc area) - (treatment disease spot area - mycelial disease area)] / (control disease spot area - mycelial disc area) × 100

[0158] The results are shown in Table 10.

[0159] Table 10 Control effects of applying biological medicated patches, drug delivery layer substances and chemical agents on apple tree canker disease

[0160] Treatment number Treatment agent Control effect (%) 1 Biological medicated patch 89.43a 2 Drug delivery layer substance 84.64b 3 3% Imazalil ointment 85.52b 4 45% Ammonium metsulfate aqueous solution 81.53c 5 Blank control --

[0161] Note: Different lowercase letters marked after the data in the same column indicate a 5% difference level between treatments.

[0162] As can be seen from Table 10, the control effect of the biological medicated patch is 89.43%, the control effect of the drug delivery layer substance is 84.64%, the control effect of the 3% imazalil cream is 85.52%, and the control effect of the 45% ammonium dithionite aqueous solution is 81.53%. The control effect of the biological medicated patch is significantly higher than that of the other three experimental groups. Through the 5% difference level analysis, there are significant differences between Treatment 1 and Treatments 2, 3, and 4, and there are also significant differences between Treatments 2 and 3 and Treatment 4 at the 5% difference level. For biological agents with the same composition, the use form of the medicated patch is significantly better than the direct application method. For chemical pesticides, the effect of the cream is better than that of the aqueous solution. It can be seen from this that the dosage form and use method of the agent will have a certain impact on the control effect of apple tree canker.

[0163] Obviously, the above embodiments are only examples for clear illustration and not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biological medicine patch for preventing and controlling apple tree diseases, characterized in that, It includes a base layer, a drug delivery layer, and a drug sealing layer that are sequentially stacked. Among them, the drug delivery layer includes 80-100 parts of Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent, 0.5-1.4 parts of penetrant, 1.2-2.5 parts of thickener, 0.5-0.8 parts of phenylalanine, and 0.3-0.4 parts of strain protectant. The strain in the Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent is specifically Streptomyces albus( Streptomyces albus ) CGMCC No. 15117, and the type of the apple tree disease is apple tree canker or apple tree ring rot disease.

2. The biological medicine patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to claim 1, characterized in that, The administration layer comprises raw material components in the following parts by weight: 80 parts of Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent, 1.2 parts of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 2.5 parts of xanthan gum, 0.5 part of phenylalanine, and 0.3 part of alginic acid; or 82 parts of Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent, 1.4 parts of alcohol ether phosphate ester, 0.8 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.8 part of guar gum, 0.8 part of phenylalanine, and 0.4 part of alginic acid; or 97.5 parts of Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent, 0.5 part of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 1.2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 part of phenylalanine, and 0.3 part of alginic acid.

3. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to claim 1, wherein the Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent is a solid fermentation culture of Streptomyces albus; The preparation method of the Streptomyces albus solid bacterial agent comprises the following steps: Preparation of spore suspension: Pour sterile water onto the slant of the Gao's No. 1 solid medium containing Streptomyces albus, scrape its spores, and shake well to obtain a spore suspension of Streptomyces albus, and the cell concentration of the spore suspension is 10 8 ~10 9 cfu / mL; Seed liquid culture: inoculating the spore suspension into a seed liquid medium at a volume ratio of 1-5:100, culturing in a shaking flask at 25-30 °C and 180-200 r / min for 90-96 h to obtain a seed liquid; Solid fermentation culture: inoculate the seed liquid into a solid fermentation medium with a water content of 45 - 65% at a volume - mass ratio of 5 - 15:100 mL / g, perform tray fermentation culture at 25 - 30 °C for 4 - 7 days, air - dry at 20 - 30 °C, grind, and sieve through a 40 - 80 - mesh sieve to obtain the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant, and the viability of the Streptomyces albus solid inoculant is not less than 9×10 10 cfu / g.

4. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to claim 3, wherein The composition of the Gao's No. 1 solid medium is as follows: 20 g / L of soluble starch, 0.5 g / L of K2HPO4, 1 g / L of KNO3, 0.5 g / L of MgSO4·7H2O, 0.01 g / L of FeSO4·7H2O, 20 g / L of agar, the balance being distilled water, pH 7.2-7.4; The composition of the seed liquid medium is as follows: 10 g / L of corn flour, 10 g / L of peptone, 5 g / L of yeast powder, 2 g / L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.3 g / L of magnesium sulfate, the balance being distilled water, pH natural; The composition of the solid fermentation medium is as follows: 18 g / L of rice husk, 45.7 g / L of wheat bran, 23 g / L of corn flour, 12 g / L of soybean cake powder, 0.8 g / L of calcium carbonate, 0.3 g / L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.2 g / L of magnesium sulfate, the balance being distilled water, pH natural.

5. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to claim 1, wherein the penetrant comprises at least one of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, silicone polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol, succinic acid diester salt, fatty alcohol EO-PO, ethylenediamine EO-PO, alcohol ether succinate, phenolic ether succinate, and alcohol ether phosphate ester; the thickener comprises at least one of chitosan oligosaccharide, xanthan gum, PEG-55 propylene glycol oleate, sodium polyacrylate, guar gum, and polyvinyl alcohol; the strain protectant comprises alginic acid.

6. The biological medicated patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to claim 1, wherein the material of the base layer is selected as water-repellent non-woven fabric, and drawstrings for binding the water-repellent non-woven fabric to the affected part are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the water-repellent non-woven fabric; the material of the medicine sealing layer is selected as release paper; the thickness of the administration layer is 5 mm.

7. The preparation method of the biological medicine patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: mixing the raw material components for preparing the drug delivery layer evenly, uniformly applying the mixture on the base layer to form the drug delivery layer on its surface, and finally attaching the drug sealing layer on the surface of the drug delivery layer.

8. Application of the biological drug patch for preventing and treating apple tree diseases according to any one of claims 1 to 6 in preventing and treating apple tree canker and apple tree ring rot.

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