Anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract and its application

Abstract

The present invention relates to an anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract, comprising components: filtrate of bifida ferment lysate and sturgeon caviar extract. The present invention also relates to the application of the anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract in cosmetics. By adopting the anti-wrinkle and firming composition of the present invention, the anti-wrinkle and firming efficacy can be significantly improved, and the skin barrier and microecology can be repaired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cosmetics, and particularly to an anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract and its application. Background Art

[0002] The causes of the generation and aging of human skin wrinkles are diverse. It is difficult to effectively slow down the generation of wrinkles by simply adding one or a class of cosmetic active ingredients to the product.

[0003] Wrinkles refer to phenomena such as the decline of the external form, internal structure, and function of the skin under the influence of exogenous or endogenous factors. There are many factors causing skin aging, which can be roughly divided into two aspects: internal and external factors: 1) External factors: damage by ultraviolet rays, the action of gravity, incorrect maintenance, improper diet and bad living habits, and poor living environment; 2) Internal factors: increase in age, disorder of vegetative nerve function, lesions of internal organs, and endocrine disorders.

[0004] Among these causes of aging, the loss of collagen, the damage of the skin barrier, and free radical oxidation are several important factors.

[0005] Oxidation is the price of obtaining oxygen through human respiration. Free radicals that cause aging are generated during oxidation. Free radicals are a factor leading to skin damage and aging. The main manifestations of excessive accumulation of free radicals on the skin are: the skin loses softness, elasticity decreases, and a series of aging manifestations such as wrinkles, dry keratinization, and dullness appear. Collagen that gives elasticity to the skin will be lost with age.

[0006] At present, there are a variety of anti-wrinkle products on the market, but the anti-wrinkle active ingredients are relatively single and cannot cover multiple pathways of wrinkle generation.

[0007] To scientifically prevent and reduce the generation of wrinkles, it is necessary to compound active ingredients with different anti-wrinkle mechanisms. For this reason, a composition containing sturgeon caviar extract, filtrate of Saccharomyces bispora fermentation products, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein can effectively solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract and its application in view of the problems in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract provided by the present invention is as follows, including components: filtrate of Saccharomyces bispora fermentation products and sturgeon caviar extract.

[0010] Preferably, it includes components: filtrate of Saccharomyces bispora fermentation products, sturgeon caviar extract, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein.

[0011] Preferably, it comprises components with the following mass percentages:

[0012]

[0013] Preferably, it comprises the following components:

[0014] Phase A: thickener, humectant, deionized water;

[0015] Phase B: essence, preservative components;

[0016] Phase C: filtrate of bifida ferment lysate, sturgeon roe extract, fullerene, hydrolyzed soy protein;

[0017] Phase D: neutralizer;

[0018] Phase E: deionized water.

[0019] Preferably, the anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon roe extract comprises excipients selected from thickeners, humectants, preservatives, and neutralizers.

[0020] Preferably, the excipients comprise components with the following mass percentages: thickener 0.05 - 1%, humectant 5 - 15%, preservative 0.1 - 3%, neutralizer 0.01 - 1%.

[0021] Preferably, the thickener is one or more of carbomer, ammonium acryloyldimethyltaurate / VP copolymer, acrylate / C10 - 30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, sodium acrylate / sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylate crosspolymer;

[0022] The humectant is one or more of glycerol, butanediol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, panthenol, glycerol polyether - 26, diglycerol, sorbitol, erythritol, PEG - 8, PEG - 32, PEG - 6, PEG - 15;

[0023] The preservative is one or more of 1,2 - pentanediol, 1,2 - hexanediol, p - hydroxyacetophenone, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, parabens, sodium benzoate, octanohydroxamic acid;

[0024] The neutralizer is one or more of tromethamine, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, arginine, citric acid, sodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate.

[0025] The present invention provides a preparation method of the anti - wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon roe extract, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) Phase A consists of a thickener, a humectant, and deionized water. The thickener in Phase A is dispersed in deionized water, and after stirring evenly, the humectant is added one by one;

[0027] (2) Phase B consists of a fragrance and a preservative. The components of Phase B are added to Phase A one by one and stirred evenly;

[0028] (3) Phase C consists of active components with anti-wrinkle and firming effects. The components of Phase C are added to Phase A one by one and stirred evenly;

[0029] (4) Phase D consists of a neutralizer component. The neutralizer is added to Phase A and stirred evenly;

[0030] (5) Phase E is deionized water, and it is made up to 100%.

[0031] The present invention also provides the application of the anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract in cosmetics.

[0032] By using the anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract of the present invention, the anti-wrinkle and firming effect can be significantly improved, and the skin barrier and microecology can be repaired. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1a and 1b are respectively the diagrams of the eye wrinkle characteristic count and the wrinkle improvement rate effect after using the essence of Example 1 before and after 4 weeks of use.

[0034] Figure 2a and 2b are respectively the diagrams of the eye wrinkle characteristic count and the wrinkle improvement rate effect after using the essence of Example 3 before and after 4 weeks of use.

[0035] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the significant improvement efficiency in Example 7.

[0036] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the test results of measuring the MMP-1 inhibition rate of the anti-wrinkle compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 5 (corresponding to essence numbers 1 to 5) and Comparative Examples 1 to 12 (corresponding to essence numbers 6 to 17) of the present invention after diluting them ten times with water. Detailed Embodiments

[0037] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples to show different components of the embodiments of the present invention. The following will disclose specific examples of the components and their arrangements in this specification to simplify this disclosure. Of course, these specific examples are not used to limit this disclosure.

[0038] The anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract provided by the present invention is compounded with active ingredients having various anti-wrinkle mechanisms, and contains sturgeon caviar extract, bifida ferment lysate, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein.

[0039] Sturgeon caviar extract: It is rich in phospholipids and phosphoproteins, can provide regeneration factors and nutrients for the skin, can promote collagen synthesis, and significantly reduce protein cross-linking (fibronectin). It is rich in vitamins and minerals, which have an obvious effect on nourishing the skin and reducing aging. Sturgeon caviar extract has effects such as moisturizing and anti-aging on the skin.

[0040] Bifida ferment lysate: It contains a large amount of highly active components such as amino acids, small molecule protein fragments, and fermented microorganisms that can be absorbed by the human skin. It can penetrate into the skin barrier and be quickly absorbed by the skin, promoting the generation of collagen inside the skin, supplementing skin collagen, and making the skin more elastic. At the same time, a large number of components such as fermented cell debris, amino acids, and microorganisms produced during fermentation are the basic components of the skin's basal layer, spinous layer, granular layer, and transparent layer. After being absorbed by the skin, they can participate in the repair of these skin tissues. Moreover, the above-mentioned fermentation products have a small molecular structure and can penetrate the outermost stratum corneum of the skin to reach deeper layers such as the transparent layer and granular layer, thereby helping to fundamentally improve skin elasticity and the integrity of the skin barrier.

[0041] Fullerene: Due to the unique structure and physical and chemical properties of fullerene, fullerene has excellent free radical scavenging performance and is a very strong antioxidant. It can eliminate reactive oxygen species in cells, inhibit mitochondrial depolarization, activation of caspase, exposure of phosphatidylserine on the cell membrane, and DNA cleavage. Fullerene shows the effect of protecting cells from oxidative apoptosis. Fullerene plays an antioxidant role by defending against the damage of UVA to skin structure, cell nucleus, and collagen fibers and penetrating into human skin tissues, and it is 172 times that of vitamin C.

[0042] Hydrolyzed soy protein: It has a high-efficiency moisturizing effect. Hydrolyzed soy protein helps to induce the skin to produce hyaluronic acid, commonly known as hyaluronic acid, which is an ideal natural moisturizing factor. When the content of hyaluronic acid in the human skin gradually decreases, it represents that the skin's maturation and aging processes are occurring. Hydrolyzed soy protein, acting as an inducer, increases the concentration of hyaluronic acid in the skin to achieve a high-efficiency moisturizing effect.

[0043] In the anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract provided by the present invention, the balance is 40-80% of the conventional excipients in the skin care field. Specifically, it also includes 0.05-1% of a thickener, 5-15% of a moisturizer, 0.1-3% of a preservative component, 0.01-1% of a neutralizer, etc.

[0044] Among them, the thickener is one or more of carbomer, acryloyldimethyltaurate / VP copolymer, acrylate / C10-30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, sodium acrylate / sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer, sodium polyacrylate, and polyacrylate crosspolymer.

[0045] The humectant is one or more of glycerol, butylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, panthenol, glycerol polyether-26, diglycerol, sorbitol, erythritol, PEG-8, PEG-32, PEG-6, and PEG-15.

[0046] The preservative is one or more of 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, p-hydroxyacetophenone, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, p-hydroxybenzoate, sodium benzoate, octanohydroxamic acid, and symexone.

[0047] The neutralizer is one or more of tromethamine, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, arginine, citric acid, sodium citrate, and sodium bicarbonate.

[0048] The anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract of the present invention is suitable for use in cosmetics. For example, it can be made into dosage forms such as essence, essence milk, cream, and lotion. Hereinafter, the preparation of an anti-wrinkle and firming essence will be taken as an example for illustration.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] The provided anti-wrinkle and firming essence contains the following components in mass percentages:

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] Example 2

[0054] The provided anti-wrinkle and firming essence contains the following components in mass percentages:

[0055]

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The provided anti-wrinkle and firming essence contains the following components in mass percentages:

[0058]

[0059] Example 4

[0060] The provided anti-wrinkle and firming essence contains the following components in mass percentages:

[0061]

[0062] Example 5

[0063] The provided anti-wrinkle and firming essence contains the following components in mass percentages:

[0064]

[0065] In the above Examples 1 to 5, it also includes conventional excipients in the skincare field. For example, thickening agent 0.05 - 1%, humectant 5 - 15%, preservative 0.1 - 3%, neutralizing agent 0.01 - 1%, etc.

[0066] The specific preparation steps of the above Examples 1 to 5 are as follows:

[0067] 1. Phase A consists of thickening agent, humectant, and deionized water components. Disperse Carbopol TR - 1 in Phase A in deionized water, and after stirring evenly, add glycerol and 1,3 - butanediol one by one.

[0068] 2. Phase B consists of essence and preservative components. Add the components of Phase B to Phase A one by one and stir evenly.

[0069] 3. Phase C consists of anti - wrinkle and firming active components. Add the components of Phase C to Phase A one by one and stir evenly.

[0070] 4. Phase D consists of neutralizing agent components. Add Tromethamine as the neutralizing agent to Phase A and stir evenly.

[0071] 5. Phase E is deionized water, making up to 100%.

[0072] The specific components and their mass percentages are shown in Table 1 below:

[0073] Table 1

[0074]

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that fullerene and hydrolyzed soy protein are not added in Phase C.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that filtrate of bifidobacterium longum fermentation product and hydrolyzed soy protein are not added in Phase C.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that filtrate of bifidobacterium longum fermentation product and sturgeon roe extract are not added in Phase C.

[0081] Comparative Example 4

[0082] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that sturgeon caviar extract, hydrolyzed soy protein and fullerene are not added in Phase C.

[0083] Comparative Example 5

[0084] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that fullerene and sturgeon caviar extract are not added in Phase C.

[0085] Comparative Example 6

[0086] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that filtrate of bifida ferment lysate and fullerene are not added in Phase C.

[0087] The specific components and their mass percentages of Comparative Examples 1 to 6 are shown in Table 2 below:

[0088] Table 2

[0089]

[0090] Comparative Example 7

[0091] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that hydrolyzed soy protein is not added in Phase C.

[0092] Comparative Example 8

[0093] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that sturgeon caviar extract is not added in Phase C.

[0094] Comparative Example 9

[0095] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that filtrate of bifida ferment lysate is not added in Phase C.

[0096] Comparative Example 10

[0097] The difference between this essence and Example 5 is only that fullerene is not added in Phase C.

[0098] Comparative Example 11

[0099] The difference between this essence and Example 1 is only that the addition amounts of sturgeon caviar extract, filtrate of bifida ferment lysate, fullerene and hydrolyzed soy protein in Phase C are 50% of those in Example 1.

[0100] Comparative Example 12

[0101] The difference between this essence and Example 1 is only that the addition amounts of sturgeon caviar extract, filtrate of bifida ferment lysate, fullerene and hydrolyzed soy protein in Phase C are 75% of those in Example 1.

[0102] The specific components and their mass percentages of Comparative Examples 7 to 12 are shown in Table 3 below:

[0103] Table 3

[0104]

[0105] Example 6

[0106] Adverse reactions

[0107] Test method: Select 170 female volunteers aged 35 - 50 years old and randomly divide them into 10 groups. After the volunteers wash their faces with clean water, apply the essence liquids prepared in Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Examples 1 - 12.

[0108] Test environment: Before the volunteers are tested, wash their faces. Wait for 30 minutes and then conduct the test in an environment with a temperature of 25 ± 4°C and a relative humidity of 48 ± 5%.

[0109] The doctor evaluates the adverse reactions such as itching, stinging, and erythema that occur in the volunteers after using the samples. The specific results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0110] Table 4

[0111]

[0112]

[0113] In Comparative Examples 2, 3, 6, and 9, adverse reactions occurred when the filtrate of Saccharomyces bisporus fermentation product was not added. In Comparative Examples 11 and 12, adverse reactions occurred because the soothing components in the filtrate of Saccharomyces bisporus fermentation product in the formula were less.

[0114] Example 7

[0115] Test on the improvement effect of facial skin wrinkles

[0116] Test parameters: Physician evaluation

[0117] Experimental conditions: Room temperature (25 ± 1)°C, humidity (40 ± 5)%, 20 subjects in a group, healthy female skin, aged 35 - 50 years old.

[0118] Experimental method: 20 subjects in a group, apply 2 ± 0.1 mg / cm 2 of the sample to the skin of the eyes and face every morning and evening for 30 consecutive days, and no other skin care products are used on this part; the doctor evaluates the improvement effect of fine wrinkles such as crow's feet, under - eye wrinkles, and nasolabial folds according to page 57 of "Skin Aging Atlas (Asian Edition)".

[0119] The specific results are shown in Table 5 and Figure 3 as follows.

[0120] Table 5

[0121]

[0122]

[0123] As can be seen from the data in the above table, using the essence prepared in Examples 1-5 for 30 consecutive days significantly improved the number of people, had a good anti-wrinkle and anti-aging effect, and the anti-wrinkle effect of the examples was obvious.

[0124] When the essence does not contain sturgeon caviar extract, bifida ferment lysate, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein, the significant anti-wrinkle effect of the essence is significantly reduced, and the significant anti-wrinkle effective rate is lower than that of Example 1, indicating that adding sturgeon caviar extract, bifida ferment lysate, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein to the essence can significantly improve the anti-wrinkle effect of the essence.

[0125] Example 8

[0126] Test on the effect of facial skin firmness

[0127] Test parameters: Skin firmness F4

[0128] Experimental conditions: Room temperature (25±1)°C, humidity (40±5)%, 20 subjects in a group, healthy female skin, aged 35-50 years old.

[0129] Application site: Face.

[0130] Usage method: After cleansing the face in the morning and evening, take 2-3 pumps of the essence and blend it in the palm, then apply it mainly on the nasolabial folds and jawline. Make an L shape with the thumb and palm, gently push from both sides of the nose wings towards the corners of the eyes, and alternately lift the face with the left and right hands.

[0131] Usage frequency: Once in the morning and once in the evening every day.

[0132] Test / evaluation parameter: Skin firmness parameter F4 value. The lower the value, the better the skin firmness.

[0133] Evaluation instrument: Cutometer MPA580. Data was collected before use and 4 weeks after use. The specific results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0134] Table 6

[0135]

[0136]

[0137] Note: Change rate = (Measured value after use - Measured value before use) / Measured value before use × 100%. The larger the change rate value, the more obvious the improvement of skin firmness.

[0138] From the perspective of the F4 value and change rate of skin firmness, after 4 weeks of using the essence prepared in Examples 1 to 5, the skin firmness has been improved.

[0139] After applying the essence prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 10, the improvement degree of skin firmness is lower than that of Example 5, indicating that the essence prepared without adding sturgeon caviar extract, bifida ferment lysate, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein has no obvious improvement effect on skin firmness.

[0140] After applying the essence prepared in Comparative Example 11 and Comparative Example 12, the improvement degree of skin firmness is lower than that of Example 1, indicating that the essence prepared by adding sturgeon caviar extract, bifida ferment lysate, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein but with an amount lower than the addition amount within the scope of the claims has no obvious improvement effect on skin firmness.

[0141] Example 9

[0142] Eye skin wrinkle improvement test

[0143] Experimental conditions: Room temperature (25 ± 1) °C, humidity (40 ± 5)%, 20 subjects in a group, healthy female skin, aged 35 to 50 years old.

[0144] Application site: Eye area.

[0145] Usage method: After cleansing the face in the morning and evening, take the essence of the example and comparative example, fuse it in the palm of the hand, and evenly apply it around the eyes.

[0146] Usage frequency: Once in the morning and once in the evening every day.

[0147] Test / evaluation parameter: VISIA eye wrinkle feature count, the lower the value, the less obvious the wrinkles.

[0148] Evaluation instrument: Visia, data is collected before use and 4 weeks after use respectively. The specific results are shown in Table 7 and Figures 1 to 2 below.

[0149] Table 7

[0150]

[0151] Note: Change rate = (Analysis value after use - Analysis value before use) / Analysis value before use × 100%.

[0152] From the perspective of the number of eye skin wrinkles and the change rate, after continuously using the essence prepared in Examples 1 - 5 for 4 weeks, the number of wrinkles has decreased.

[0153] Figure 1a and 1bThe ocular wrinkle characteristic counts and wrinkle improvement rates before use and after continuous use of the essence of Example 1 for 4 weeks are shown respectively. Among them, the characteristic count before use is 174, the characteristic count after 4 weeks of use is 134, and the wrinkle improvement rate is 22.99%.

[0154] Figure 2a and 2b The ocular wrinkle characteristic counts and the effect diagrams of the wrinkle improvement rates before use and after continuous use of the essence of Example 3 for 4 weeks are shown respectively. Among them, the characteristic count before use is 140, the characteristic count after 4 weeks of use is 95, and the wrinkle improvement rate is 32.14%.

[0155] After the essence prepared in Comparative Examples 1-10 was applied, the degree of reduction of ocular wrinkles was lower than that of Example 5, indicating that the essence prepared without adding sturgeon roe extract, filtrate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ferment, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein had an insignificant improvement effect on ocular wrinkles.

[0156] Matrix metalloproteinase inhibition test of Example 10

[0157] In vitro inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1) experiment

[0158] Method: Refer to the literature (Lai Jixiang. Establishment and application research of two in vitro screening methods for anti-aging efficacy additives in cosmetics, 2010.) Abstract: 40 μL of the activated MMP-1 solution (0.20 μg / 100 μL) was added to a 96-well microplate, then 8 μL of a certain test efficacy component solution, 52 μL of the fluorescent substrate DQ-gelatin solution (0.20 μg / 100 μL) were added, and incubated at 37 °C for 600 s. The fluorescence intensity of the reaction system was detected under the conditions of an excitation wavelength of 460 nm and an emission wavelength of 520 nm. After subtracting the autofluorescence intensity of the test efficacy component, compared with the blank group using buffer instead of the efficacy component, the inhibition rate of the efficacy component on MMP-1 can be obtained.

[0159] The anti-wrinkle compositions prepared in Examples 1-5 (corresponding to essence numbers 1 to 5) and Comparative Examples 1-12 (corresponding to essence numbers 6 to 17) were diluted ten times with water respectively, and then the MMP-1 inhibition rates of the diluted solutions were measured according to the above method. The specific test results are shown in Figure 4 . From Figure 4 it can be seen that the anti-wrinkle compositions prepared in the examples of the present invention have a good inhibitory effect on MMP-1.

[0160] From the results of the above examples and comparative examples in terms of firmness, anti-wrinkle efficacy, wrinkle count, and matrix metalloproteinase inhibition, it shows that the skin care composition of the present invention has significant effects in anti-wrinkle, increasing skin elasticity, and antioxidant.

[0161] In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the specification and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. An anti-wrinkle and firming cosmetic containing sturgeon caviar extract, characterized in that, it is composed of an anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract and excipients. The anti-wrinkle and firming composition containing sturgeon caviar extract is composed of components: filtrate of bifida ferment lysate, sturgeon caviar extract, fullerene, and hydrolyzed soy protein. The cosmetic includes the following components in mass percentage: Sturgeon caviar extract 4 - 5%; Filtrate of bifida ferment lysate 40 - 50%; Fullerene 0.4 - 0.5%; Hydrolyzed soy protein 4 - 5%; Excipients the balance.

2. The cosmetic according to claim 1, characterized in that, it includes the following components: Phase A: thickener, humectant, deionized water; Phase B: fragrance, preservative components; Phase C: filtrate of bifida ferment lysate, sturgeon caviar extract, fullerene, hydrolyzed soy protein; Phase D: neutralizer; Phase E: deionized water.

3. The cosmetic according to claim 1, characterized in that, the excipients are selected from thickeners, humectants, preservatives, and neutralizers.

4. The cosmetic according to claim 1, characterized in that, it includes the following components in mass percentage: thickener 0.05 - 1%, humectant 5 - 15%, preservative 0.1 - 3%, neutralizer 0.01 - 1%.

5. The cosmetic according to claim 2, characterized in that, the thickener is one or more of carbomer, acryloyldimethyltaurate / VP copolymer, acrylate / C10 - 30 alkyl acrylate crosspolymer, sodium acrylate / sodium acryloyldimethyltaurate copolymer, sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylate crosspolymer; the humectant is one or more of glycerin, butanediol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, panthenol, glycerol polyether - 26, diglycerol, sorbitol, erythritol, PEG - 8, PEG - 32, PEG - 6, PEG - 15; the preservative is one or more of 1,2 - pentanediol, 1,2 - hexanediol, p - hydroxyacetophenone, phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin, parabens, sodium benzoate, octanohydroxamic acid; the neutralizer is one or more of tromethamine, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, arginine, citric acid, sodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate.

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