Variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion properties

Abstract

The application discloses a variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics, comprising a plurality of variable stiffness mechanisms connected with a helmet and clothes and a connecting structure detachably connected with the helmet and the clothes, the variable stiffness mechanism is a pneumatic actuator, comprising an upper mechanism with a high stiffness outer sleeve and a lower mechanism with a low stiffness gas-driven expansion inner sleeve, the upper mechanism and the lower mechanism are detachably connected with the helmet and the clothes respectively through the connecting structure, and the upper mechanism is sleeved with the lower mechanism; the lower mechanism is inflated and expanded, the inner sleeve of the lower mechanism is deformed, a bionic adhesion material layer fixed on the outer surface of the inner sleeve is in close contact with the inner wall of the high stiffness outer sleeve of the upper mechanism, the variable stiffness mechanism is in a high stiffness state, and load reduction is realized; after the gas pressure of the air bag is reduced, the lower mechanism and the upper mechanism are separated, and the variable stiffness mechanism is in a low stiffness state. The application is an active protection device for reducing inertia load, has a better effect of reducing inertia load, and can completely not affect the relative movement of the lower mechanism and the upper mechanism.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a kind of inertia load reduction protection device, specifically to a kind of variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics. BACKGROUND

[0002] High G load and high G growth rate load can not only cause neck muscle strain of staff, but also cause cervical fracture, ligament tear, intervertebral disc degeneration and intervertebral disc herniation of staff, and the most serious one can cause staff cervical fracture injury accident, these injuries often greatly shorten the life of staff engaged in such work, and it is a huge loss for some work that costs huge cost to train staff.

[0003] High G load and high G growth rate load not only seriously endanger the life and health of staff, but also cause huge economic losses, so the most urgent need at present is to develop a protective device that can effectively reduce inertia load and reduce head and neck injury.

[0004] The current protective device is divided into passive and active, passive protective device has HANS head and neck support system for racing car and airbag, etc., HANS system cannot effectively reduce inertia load, and has little effect on reducing neck injury, airbag can effectively protect the head and chest of human body, so as to avoid injury or reduce the degree of injury, but when the vehicle hits at high speed, the huge impact force generated when the airbag pops out can cause serious injury to the head, neck and other fragile parts of the human body; Active protective device has HRS head restraint system for vehicle and new active head restraint system for vehicle, the working process of HRS system is: when rear-end collision occurs, the person triggers the mechanism by leaning back, and the headrest moves automatically forward and upward to protect the head, but it cannot well inhibit the violent forward swing of the head in the process of rapid deceleration, and still causes great damage to the neck.

[0005] The new active head restraint system for vehicle mainly deploys a cushion element on each side of the head of the person, to eliminate the head and neck injury caused by side or oblique collision, but it cannot well inhibit the violent forward swing of the head in the process of rapid deceleration, and still causes great damage to the neck, and also limits the free movement and field of view of the head and neck.

[0006] The variable stiffness inertia load reduction protection device can effectively reduce the inertia load and reduce the damage to the head and neck, and will not limit the movement of the head and neck and the field of vision of the staff. Although the variable stiffness protection device has many advantages, the application of the variable stiffness technology to the field of inertia load reduction protection devices is still rare, and the existing variable stiffness technology cannot meet the application of the variable stiffness inertia load reduction protection device. For example, the piezoelectric ceramic material mentioned by Zhang Tao et al. in the 5th issue of Optics Precision Engineering in 1998 can realize continuous change of stiffness, fast response speed, but the stiffness change range is small, and it is difficult to adapt to the stiffness change of various curved surface structures. The variable stiffness spring mentioned by Wang Qiang et al. in the 26th issue of Mechanical and Electrical Information in 2020 has a slow stiffness change response, a complex structure, and a limited application object due to the fixed shape. The electrostatic adsorption technology mentioned by Liu Chen et al. in the 12th issue of Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University in 2018 has a simple structure, easy operation and good working stability, but the stiffness change is fast, the corresponding electrostatic adsorption force is only 100 mN when the voltage reaches 5.5 kV, the overall stiffness is low, and the application range is limited. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing device, the purpose of the present application is to provide a variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics, which solves the shortcomings of active protection devices, changes the complexity, slow response speed and small stiffness change range of existing variable stiffness mechanisms, effectively reduces the high inertia load suffered by the staff under high G load and high G growth rate load, and ensures the movement space and field of view of the head and neck of the staff.

[0008] To achieve the above purpose, the following specific technical solutions are adopted: a variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics, comprising a plurality of variable stiffness mechanisms connected to a helmet and clothes respectively, and a connecting structure detachably connected with the helmet and the clothes, the variable stiffness mechanism is a pneumatic actuator, comprising an upper mechanism with a high stiffness sleeve and a lower mechanism with a low stiffness gas-driven inflatable inner sleeve, the upper mechanism is detachably connected with the helmet through the connecting structure, the lower mechanism is detachably connected with the clothes through the connecting structure, and the upper mechanism is sleeved with the lower mechanism; the air bag in the lower mechanism is inflated under the action of gas pressure, driving the inner sleeve in the lower mechanism to deform, so that the bionic adhesion material layer fixed on the outer surface of the inner sleeve is in close contact with the inner wall surface of the high stiffness sleeve in the upper mechanism, so that the variable stiffness mechanism is in a high stiffness state, the inertia load is transmitted, and the load reduction function is realized; the diameter of the inner sleeve of the lower mechanism decreases after the gas pressure decreases, the lower mechanism and the upper mechanism are disconnected, the variable stiffness mechanism is in a low stiffness state, and the upper mechanism and the lower mechanism can move freely without constraint.

[0009] The stiffness change of the stiffness change mechanism is realized by adjusting the air bag pressure, and a bionic adhesive material layer is introduced at the contact interface of the stiffness change mechanism to increase the stiffness change limit, and the application of the bionic adhesive material is an important reason why the stiffness change technology of the present application is much better than the traditional air pressure stiffness change technology.

[0010] Further preferred to the technical scheme of the present application, the stiffness change inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics further comprises a stiffness change detection triggering unit, the stiffness change detection triggering unit comprises two independent air pressure application or discharge start signals, respectively, a signal actively applied by a user and a signal given by an acceleration sensor built in an application object, and the signal actively applied by the user is an active start signal integrated in the control system of the application object.

[0011] Further preferred to the technical scheme of the present application, the application object is a car, an airplane or a train.

[0012] Further preferred to the technical scheme of the present application, the air pressure adjustment of the air bag in the lower mechanism is adjusted by a pneumatic unit, and the pneumatic unit is an air source.

[0013] Further preferred to the technical scheme of the present application, the air nozzles of all air bags in the head inertia load reduction protection device are connected to an air pipe, a valve is arranged at the end of the air pipe, the pneumatic unit is detachably connected to the valve, and the valve is electrically connected to the stiffness change detection triggering unit.

[0014] Further preferred to the technical scheme of the present application, the upper mechanism further comprises an upper connecting buckle and a reset spring, the upper connecting buckle is connected to the top end of the high stiffness sleeve, the upper mechanism is connected to the helmet through the upper connecting buckle and the connecting structure, the reset spring is located in the high stiffness sleeve, and the reset spring is connected to the top end of the high stiffness sleeve; the lower mechanism further comprises a lower connecting buckle, the air bag is located in the high stiffness sleeve, one end of the air bag is connected to the reset spring, the other end of the air bag is connected to the lower connecting buckle, an inner sleeve is sleeved on the air bag, and the air bag and the inner sleeve are fixed at the top end.

[0015] Further preferred to the technical scheme of the present application, the reset spring is threadedly connected between the high stiffness sleeve, which is convenient for subsequent replacement and maintenance; the reset spring can prevent the upper mechanism and the lower mechanism from being separated when the stiffness change mechanism freely stretches and contracts in a non-working state; and the reset spring is rivet-connected between the air bag, which is convenient for subsequent replacement and maintenance.

[0016] Further preferably, the rigidity changing mechanism has three states, namely, a non-working state, a working state and a working response ending state; in the non-working state, the adhesion material layer and the high rigidity sleeve are separated, and the air bag can move freely in the high rigidity sleeve in the axial direction; in the working state, the adhesion material layer and the high rigidity sleeve are adhered, and the air bag is fixed in the high rigidity sleeve; in the working response ending state, the air bag returns to the state of being able to move freely in the axial direction as in the non-working state.

[0017] In the non-working state, the air bag is not inflated, the inner sleeve is not deformed, and there is a gap of 1mm between the adhesion material layer of the lower mechanism and the inner wall of the high rigidity sleeve, and the air bag can move freely in the high rigidity sleeve in the axial direction; in the working state, the air bag is inflated, the inner sleeve is deformed, and the adhered adhesion material layer is adhered to the inner wall of the high rigidity sleeve, and the relative movement of the air bag and the high rigidity sleeve is constrained; the inner sleeve plays a guiding role on the movement of the air bag relative to the high rigidity sleeve, and the adhesion material layer can be adhered to the smooth high rigidity sleeve to improve the rigidity. In the non-working state, each rigidity changing mechanism is not locked, and the head and neck of the worker can move freely, and in the working state, each rigidity changing mechanism is locked, and the inertial load received by the head and neck of the worker is reduced.

[0018] Further preferably, the inner sleeve is sleeved on the upper part of the air bag, and the inner sleeve is glued between the top end of the inner sleeve and the air bag, so that the inner sleeve and the air bag are fixed together without damaging the air bag seal; a plurality of through grooves are arranged on the inner sleeve in the axial direction and extend to the bottom end of the inner sleeve; the inner sleeve is made of a low-strength metal material, and the thickness of the inner sleeve is less than or equal to 0.5mm. Appropriately reducing the strength of the inner sleeve makes it easier for the air bag to lift the bottom end of the inner sleeve, and makes it easier for the adhesion material layer adhered to the outer side of the inner sleeve to contact the inner wall of the high rigidity sleeve; at the same time, the radial distance between the high rigidity sleeve and the inner sleeve is increased, and the resistance of the rigidity changing mechanism when moving in the non-working state is reduced.

[0019] Further preferably, the high rigidity sleeve is made of a lightweight high-strength metal material, and the thickness of the high rigidity sleeve is 1.5mm. The strength of the high rigidity sleeve is as high as possible, which needs to resist most of the impact load in the working state to ensure that it will not bend or break during the working process; at the same time, the selection of lighter materials can reduce the load that the user needs to bear to a certain extent.

[0020] The adhesion material mentioned in the technical solution of the present application is a known material known to those skilled in the art.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0022] 1. The present application is an active inertia load reduction protection device, which has better inertia load reduction effect.

[0023] 2. Unlike existing variable stiffness mechanisms, this invention uses biomimetic adhesion technology to achieve stiffness variation. By adjusting the adhesion and detachment of the biomimetic adhesive material through air pressure, it features a large range of stiffness variation and rapid response. The biomimetic adhesive material has stable and repeatable adhesion characteristics and a certain adhesion strength. Introducing biomimetic adhesion at the contact interface of the mechanism unit increases the limit of stiffness variation. The application of biomimetic adhesive material is an important reason why the variable stiffness technology of this invention is far superior to the traditional air pressure variable stiffness technology.

[0024] 3. This invention does not restrict the user's free movement of the head and neck or field of vision. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper mechanism of the variable stiffness mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lower mechanism of the variable stiffness mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the variable stiffness mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is an assembly diagram of the inner sleeve and the adhesive material layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] The labels in the diagram are as follows: 1 - Helmet, 2 - Variable stiffness mechanism, 3 - Air tube, 4 - Clothing, 5 - Valve, 6 - Upper connecting buckle, 7 - Return spring, 8 - High stiffness outer jacket, 9 - Lower connecting buckle, 10 - Airbag, 11 - Adhesive material layer, 12 - Inner sleeve, 13 - Slider, 14 - Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described.

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the following description is provided in conjunction with the appendix. Figures 1-5 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the embodiment is a variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics, including a helmet 1, seven variable stiffness mechanisms 2 and a set of pneumatic units, the pneumatic units including a gas pipe 1, a valve 5 and an external air source.

[0035] The helmet 1 is designed to fit the head size and closely fit the head when worn.

[0036] The seven variable stiffness mechanisms 2 are arranged evenly one by one, and the upper and lower ends of the seven variable stiffness mechanisms 2 are connected to the helmet 1 and the clothes 4 respectively through the connecting structure.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 , 3 and 4, the embodiment, the variable stiffness mechanism 2 is a pneumatic actuator, including an upper mechanism with a high stiffness outer sleeve 8 and a lower mechanism with a low stiffness gas-driven expansion inner sleeve 12, specifically:

[0038] The upper mechanism includes an upper connecting buckle 6, a reset spring 7 and a high stiffness outer sleeve 8, the upper connecting buckle 6 is welded together with the top end outer surface of the high stiffness outer sleeve 8, the reset spring 7 is inserted from the rear end of the high stiffness outer sleeve 8, and the top end of the high stiffness outer sleeve 8 is connected together with the reset spring 7 through threads, specifically, the end of the reset spring 7 is fixed with a connecting block, the outer surface of the connecting block is provided with external threads, and the inner surface of the top end of the high stiffness outer sleeve is provided with internal threads, and the two are connected through threads.

[0039] In the embodiment, the high stiffness outer sleeve 8 is made of lightweight high-strength metal material, and is preferably made of stainless steel with a thickness of 1.5mm.

[0040] The lower mechanism includes a lower connecting buckle 9, an air bag 10, an adhesion material layer 11 and an inner sleeve 12, the inner sleeve 12 is sleeved on the upper part of the air bag 10, and the top end of the inner sleeve 12 is glued with the air bag 10, so that the inner sleeve 12 and the air bag 10 are fixed together without damaging the air bag seal; a plurality of adhesion material layers 11 are adhered to the outer surface of the inner sleeve 12. The lower part of the air bag 10 is connected together with the lower connecting buckle 9 through rivets.

[0041] As shown in Figure 5 , the inner sleeve 12 is a cylindrical structure, the inner sleeve 12 is an inner sleeve with low stiffness gas-driven expansion, the inner sleeve 12 is made of low-strength metal material, and the embodiment is preferably made of aluminum alloy. A plurality of through grooves are provided on the inner sleeve 12 in the axial direction, the through grooves extend to the bottom end of the inner sleeve 12, and the thickness of the inner sleeve 12 is less than or equal to 0.5mm. After inflating the air bag 10, the air bag 10 expands and pushes the inner sleeve 12 parts separated by the through grooves outward, so that the adhesion material layer 11 adhered to the outer surface of the inner sleeve 12 adheres to the inner cylinder wall of the high stiffness outer sleeve 8, and the relative movement of the air bag and the high stiffness outer sleeve is constrained.

[0042] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the return spring 7 of the upper mechanism of the variable stiffness mechanism and the air bag 10 of the lower mechanism are connected together by rivets, specifically, an outwardly protruding connecting part is integrally formed at the end of the air bag 10, and the return spring 7 is connected to the connecting part by rivets.

[0043] As shown, Figure 6 In this embodiment, the detachable connection structure between the variable stiffness mechanism 2 and the helmet 1 preferably adopts a plug-in connection structure. Specifically, taking the connection between the variable stiffness mechanism 2 and the helmet 1 as an example, further description is as follows: the return spring 14 and the sliding block 13 are embedded on the helmet 1, the sliding block 13 is surrounded by a groove, and the sliding block 13 has displacement change in the groove under the action of the return spring 14.

[0044] When the variable stiffness mechanism 2 is connected to the helmet 1, the upper connecting buckle 6 in the variable stiffness mechanism 2 is connected to the connection structure. Specifically, when the upper connecting buckle 6 is installed, the upper connecting buckle 6 is directly pushed into the groove on the helmet 1, the sliding block 13 is displaced in the groove under the action of the upper connecting buckle 6, and the sliding block 13 is compressed at the same time; when the upper connecting buckle 6 is installed in place, the return spring 14 pushes the sliding block 13 into the insertion slot on the upper connecting buckle 6, and the sliding block 13 locks the upper connecting buckle 6 and the helmet 1 together. When the upper connecting buckle 6 is removed, the sliding block 13 is manually displaced backward and separated from the insertion slot in the upper connecting buckle 6, so that the upper connecting buckle 6 and the helmet 1 are no longer locked together, and the upper connecting buckle 6 can be removed from the helmet 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, the connection between the variable stiffness mechanism 2 and the clothes 4 is essentially the connection between the lower connecting buckle 9 and the clothes 4. In this embodiment, the lower connecting buckle 9 and the clothes 4 preferably adopt a snap connection structure. Specifically, the male and female buckles of the snap connection structure are respectively arranged on the clothes 4 and the lower connecting buckle 9.

[0046] The device of this embodiment realizes the function of load reduction. Specifically, the upper mechanism is sleeved with the lower mechanism; the air bag 10 in the lower mechanism expands under the action of air pressure, drives the inner sleeve 12 in the lower mechanism to deform, makes the bionic adhesive material layer 11 fixed on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 12 tightly contact with the inner wall surface of the high-rigidity outer sleeve in the upper mechanism, makes the variable stiffness mechanism 2 in a high-rigidity state, transmits the inertial load, and realizes the function of load reduction.

[0047] When the diameter of the inner sleeve of the lower mechanism decreases after the air pressure decreases, the lower mechanism and the upper mechanism are separated from each other, the variable stiffness mechanism 2 is in a low-rigidity state, and the upper mechanism and the lower mechanism can move freely without being constrained.

[0048] The inflation unit adopted in this embodiment provides air pressure and flow rate through the valve 5 and the air source, and is a bidirectional (positive and negative) air pressure loop system composed of an air source, the valve 5, and the air pipe 3. The air pipe 3 is a channel for delivering air flow to the variable stiffness mechanism. The air pipe 3 is connected to the air ports of the air bags 10 in each variable stiffness mechanism.

[0049] The device of the embodiment also comprises a variable stiffness detection trigger unit, which comprises two independent air pressure application or discharge start signals, respectively a signal actively applied by a user and a signal given by an acceleration sensor built in the application object, and the actively applied signal is an active start signal integrated in the control system of the application object. The preferred application object of the device of the embodiment is a car, an airplane or a train.

[0050] For example, the application object of the device of the embodiment is a car, and an active start signal is connected to the self-control system of the car, which can be controlled by the driver to control the opening or closing of the valve and the control of the air pressure and flow. This is the actively applied signal, which is specifically reflected in that the personnel in the car perceive that danger is coming and actively start the device to protect the head.

[0051] An acceleration sensor (if the car does not have one, a sensor for detecting the increase of the car speed can be added) in the self-control system of the car is connected to a start signal, which starts the device to protect the head when the acceleration sensor detects abnormal acceleration in the normal driving process of the car.

[0052] The variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on the dry adhesion characteristics of the embodiment can select different numbers of variable stiffness mechanisms according to different inertia loads, which can be selected from 1 to 7 groups, and the greater the inertia load, the more the variable stiffness mechanisms.

[0053] The variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on the dry adhesion characteristics of the embodiment can freely move in the axial direction in the high stiffness outer sleeve 8 when not working, and the air bag 10 inflates and expands to push the attached adhesion material layer to adhere to the inner surface of the high stiffness outer sleeve 8 when working, and the relative movement of the air bag 10 and the high stiffness outer sleeve 8 is constrained. The inner sleeve 12 guides the movement of the air bag 10 relative to the high stiffness outer sleeve 8, and the adhesion material layer can adhere to the smooth high stiffness outer sleeve to increase the stiffness. When not working, each variable stiffness mechanism is not locked, and the head and neck of the worker can move freely, and when working, each variable stiffness mechanism is locked to reduce the inertia load received by the head and neck of the worker.

[0054] The variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics of the embodiment, the variable stiffness mechanism is a pneumatic actuator, the inflation unit supplies air and deflates for the variable stiffness mechanism, and the variable stiffness detection trigger unit sends control signals for the pneumatic unit. The stiffness change of the variable stiffness mechanism is realized by adjusting the air bag pressure, and the bionic adhesion effect is introduced at the contact interface of the mechanism unit to increase the stiffness change limit. The application of bionic adhesion material is an important reason why the variable stiffness technology of the present application is much better than the traditional air pressure variable stiffness technology.

[0055] The variable stiffness mechanism has three states, namely non-working state, working state and working response end state.

[0056] In the non-working state, the air bag of the variable stiffness mechanism is in a negative pressure state, the adhesion material layer and the high stiffness outer sleeve are separated (the gap is about 1mm), and the stiffness is small, which can move freely along the axial direction, and the head is in a free state and can move freely. When the head is looking straight ahead, the return spring is in a stress-free state. When the head is twisted or lowered, the high stiffness outer sleeve is extended by the helmet, and the return spring is in a stretched state, which needs to overcome the tension of the return spring (very small). When the head returns to the straight ahead position, the air bag returns to the initial position under the action of the tension of the return spring.

[0057] In the working state, the air inlet of the valve 5 is opened, the gas supply system rapidly inflates the air bag 10, the air bag 10 expands, the inner sleeve 12 is lifted outward, the adhesion material pasted on the outer surface of the inner sleeve 12 is attached to the inner surface of the cylinder of the high stiffness outer sleeve, forming a large interface force, the stiffness is large, and the high stiffness outer sleeve and the air bag basically do not slide relative to each other.

[0058] In the working response end state, the air outlet of the valve 5 is opened, the gas in the air bag 10 is discharged, the air bag returns to the negative pressure state, the inner sleeve 12 returns to the original state, so that the adhesion material layer and the inner wall of the high stiffness outer sleeve are separated, the stiffness returns to a low level, and the variable stiffness mechanism can move freely along the axial direction, and the head can move freely.

[0059] In the three states of the variable stiffness mechanism, the inner sleeve 12 guides the movement of the air bag 10 relative to the high stiffness outer sleeve 8, and the adhesion material layer 11 can adhere to the smooth high stiffness outer sleeve 8 to increase the stiffness.

[0060] The variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics also has three states: in the non-working state, the variable stiffness mechanism is not locked at each unit position, the stiffness is small, the head is in a free state and can move freely, and only the force exerted by the return spring of each variable stiffness mechanism needs to be overcome during movement; when the user is about to be subjected to an inertia load, the user controls the control system to send a working signal, the protective device enters the working state, the gas supply system enters the working state of inflation, the variable stiffness mechanism is locked at each unit position, the stiffness is increased, the variable stiffness mechanism fixes the helmet, eliminates the inertia load of the user, and prevents the head of the worker from leaning forward in the case of overload. When the inertia load on the worker is removed, the protective device enters the working response end state, the gas supply system enters the working state of deflation, the variable stiffness mechanism returns to the original state of small stiffness, and the head is again in a free movement state.

[0061] The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present application and cannot limit the protection scope of the present application. Any modification made according to the technical idea of the present application on the basis of the technical scheme falls within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion properties, characterized by: The variable stiffness mechanism (2) is a pneumatic actuator, comprising an upper mechanism with a high stiffness outer sleeve (8) and a lower mechanism with a low stiffness air-driven inflatable inner sleeve (12), the upper mechanism is detachably connected with the helmet (1) through the connecting structure, the lower mechanism is detachably connected with the clothes through the connecting structure, and the upper mechanism is sleeved with the lower mechanism; the air bag (10) in the lower mechanism is inflated under the action of air pressure, driving the inner sleeve (12) in the lower mechanism to deform, so that the bionic adhesive material layer (11) fixed on the outer surface of the inner sleeve (12) is in close contact with the inner wall of the high stiffness outer sleeve in the upper mechanism, so that the variable stiffness mechanism (2) is in a high stiffness state, transmitting the inertial load and realizing the function of load reduction; the diameter of the inner sleeve of the lower mechanism decreases after the air pressure decreases, the lower mechanism and the upper mechanism are out of contact, and the variable stiffness mechanism (2) is in a low stiffness state, so that the upper mechanism and the lower mechanism can move freely without constraint. The upper mechanism comprises an upper connecting buckle (6), a reset spring (7) and a high stiffness outer sleeve (8), the upper connecting buckle (6) is welded with the top outer surface of the high stiffness outer sleeve (8), and the reset spring (7) is inserted into the rear end of the high stiffness outer sleeve (8) and is connected with the high stiffness outer sleeve (8) through threads. The lower mechanism comprises a lower connecting buckle (9), an air bag (10), an adhesive material layer (11) and an inner sleeve (12), the inner sleeve (12) is sleeved on the upper part of the air bag (10), the top end of the inner sleeve (12) is glued with the air bag (10), a plurality of adhesive material layers (11) are pasted on the outer surface of the inner sleeve (12), and the lower part of the air bag (10) is connected with the lower connecting buckle (9) through rivets. The inner sleeve (12) is a cylindrical structure, a plurality of through grooves are arranged on the inner sleeve (12) in an axial direction, and the through grooves extend to the bottom end of the inner sleeve (12).

2. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 1, wherein, The variable stiffness inertia load reduction device based on dry adhesion characteristics further comprises a variable stiffness detection triggering unit, the variable stiffness detection triggering unit comprises two independent air pressure application or discharge start signals, which are respectively a signal actively applied by a user and a signal given by an acceleration sensor built in an application object, and the signal actively applied by the user is a active start signal integrated in a control system of the application object.

3. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 2, wherein, The application object is a car, an airplane or a train.

4. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 2, wherein, The air pressure adjustment of the air bag (10) in the lower mechanism is adjusted by a pneumatic unit, and the pneumatic unit is an air source.

5. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 4, wherein, The air outlets of all air bags (10) in the head inertia load reduction protection device are communicated with a gas pipe (3), a valve (5) is arranged at the end of the gas pipe (3), the pneumatic unit is detachably connected with the valve (5), and the valve (5) is electrically connected with the variable stiffness detection triggering unit.

6. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 1, wherein, The upper mechanism is connected with the helmet (1) through the upper connecting buckle (6) and the connecting structure.

7. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 6, wherein, The reset spring (7) is threadedly connected with the high stiffness outer sleeve (8) and is rivetedly connected with the air bag (10).

8. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 1, wherein, The variable stiffness mechanism has three states, namely, a non-working state, a working state and a working response end state; in the non-working state, the adhesive material layer (11) and the high stiffness sleeve (8) are separated, and the air bag (10) can move freely in the high stiffness sleeve (8) in the axial direction; in the working state, the adhesive material layer (11) and the high stiffness sleeve (8) are adhered, and the air bag (10) is fixed in the high stiffness sleeve (8); in the working response end state, the air bag (10) returns to the state of being able to move freely in the axial direction as in the non-working state.

9. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 1, wherein, The inner sleeve (12) is sleeved on the upper part of the air bag (10), the top end of the inner sleeve (12) is glued with the air bag (10), a plurality of through grooves are arranged on the inner sleeve (12) in the axial direction and extend to the bottom end of the inner sleeve (12); the inner sleeve (12) is made of a low-strength metal material, and the thickness of the inner sleeve (12) is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

10. The variable stiffness inertia load mitigation device based on dry adhesion properties of claim 1, wherein, The high stiffness sleeve (8) is made of a light high-strength metal material, and the thickness of the high stiffness sleeve (8) is 1.5 mm.

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