Prefabricated wallboard and beam-column formwork system

Abstract

The application discloses a prefabricated wallboard and beam-column demoulding-free system, and belongs to the technical field of fabricated buildings, and aims to overcome the defects that the existing prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard cannot be used as a demoulding-free formwork for pouring beams and columns without damaging the surface finish layer. The prefabricated wallboard comprises an outer leaf, an inner leaf, a thermal insulation board and a pre-buried threaded structure, the outer leaf is connected with the inner leaf through the pre-buried threaded structure, the bottom of the outer leaf and the thermal insulation board is flush with the inner leaf, the left end, the right end and the upper end of the outer leaf and the thermal insulation board all extend out of the inner leaf, the pre-buried threaded structure comprises a bottom plate and a screw rod part, and the end of the screw rod part away from the bottom plate is provided with a thread and penetrates through the thermal insulation board. The pre-buried threaded structure is used for fixing the corresponding inner formwork, and a hole does not need to be formed on the outer leaf, so that the flatness of the outer side of the outer leaf can be maintained; when the finish layer is fixed on the outer side of the outer leaf, the purpose that the prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard is used as a demoulding-free thermal insulation formwork for pouring beams and columns is achieved without damaging the finish layer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fabricated buildings and relates to a prefabricated wallboard and a beam-column formwork removal-free system. BACKGROUND

[0002] The prefabricated concrete sandwich thermal insulation wallboard is an important fabricated prefabricated component integrating the functions of bearing, enclosure, thermal insulation, waterproofing and fireproofing, and is a composite prefabricated concrete wallboard composed of inner leaf plates, sandwich thermal insulation plates, outer leaf plates and tie members, including prefabricated concrete sandwich thermal insulation shear wallboards and prefabricated concrete sandwich thermal insulation external wallboards.

[0003] However, due to the particularity of the sandwich thermal insulation wallboard structure and the special requirements of passive super-low energy consumption buildings on the enclosure structure, the wallboard system is difficult to apply in areas with strict thermal insulation performance, mainly because the thickness of the thermal insulation plate and the outer leaf plate is relatively large, which causes difficulties in wallboard production and construction, and also reduces the safety of the wallboard system, and the outer leaf plate has the risk of falling off; when B-grade materials are used, the total amount of combustible materials of the wallboard system is relatively high, which also greatly endangers the fire safety of the wallboard.

[0004] In addition, the current prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard exterior decoration conflicts with the application as a formwork removal-free template, because when the outer leaf plate of the prefabricated concrete sandwich thermal insulation wallboard is used as a formwork removal-free template for pouring beams and columns, holes must be opened on the outer leaf plate and tie bolts must be installed, and if a facing layer is provided on the outer side of the prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard, the facing layer will be damaged by the holes and tie bolts, and the two application scenarios of the prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard cannot be used simultaneously. In addition, the outer leaf plate of the existing prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard is also relatively thick, generally 60mm, and the weight and cost are relatively high, and improvement is also needed. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a prefabricated wallboard and a beam-column formwork removal-free system to overcome the defect that the existing prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard cannot be used as a formwork removal-free template for pouring beams and columns without damaging the surface facing layer.

[0006] The application is implemented as follows:

[0007] A prefabricated wallboard, characterized in that it comprises an outer leaf plate with a steel mesh inside, an inner leaf plate, a thermal insulation plate between the outer leaf plate and the inner leaf plate, and a plurality of embedded threaded structures fixedly connected to the steel mesh, the outer leaf plate and the inner leaf plate are connected through the embedded threaded structures, the length and width of the outer leaf plate and the thermal insulation plate are greater than that of the inner leaf plate, the bottom of the outer leaf plate and the thermal insulation plate is flush with the inner leaf plate, the left end, the right end and the upper end of the outer leaf plate and the thermal insulation plate protrude out of the inner leaf plate, the embedded threaded structure comprises at least a bottom plate and a screw rod part fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the bottom plate is connected perpendicularly to the screw rod part, the bottom plate is arranged in parallel with the steel mesh and is fixedly connected, and the end of the screw rod part away from the bottom plate is threaded and penetrates through the thermal insulation plate.

[0008] Preferably, the prefabricated wallboard further comprises a decorative layer integrally formed with the outer leaf plate.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom plate is integrally formed with the screw rod part, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the steel mesh through welding.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom plate is provided with a round hole, one end of the screw rod part is provided with a bolt head part, the screw rod part penetrates through the round hole, the bolt head part abuts against the bottom plate, the screw rod part is provided with a groove, a U-shaped clamping piece is clamped at the groove of the screw rod part, and the U-shaped clamping piece abuts against the steel mesh to fix the embedded threaded structure on the steel mesh.

[0011] Preferably, one side wall of the groove is an inclined wall, the U-shaped clamping piece is provided with an inclined surface to form a wedge-shaped part on the U-shaped clamping piece, the wedge-shaped part is inserted into the groove, and the inclined surface is in contact with the inclined wall.

[0012] Preferably, the thermal insulation plate is made of A-grade fireproof thermal insulation material, and the thickness of the outer leaf plate is 10-15 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the outer leaf plate is made of high-performance concrete material, and the inner leaf plate is made of ceramsite concrete material.

[0014] Preferably, the thermal insulation plate is made of vacuum insulation board.

[0015] A beam-column demoulding system, characterized in that it comprises two prefabricated wallboards, a threaded sleeve, a tension bolt, and an inner formwork abutting against the inner sides of the two inner leaf plates, the two prefabricated wallboards are butted to jointly enclose a pouring area of a beam column with the inner formwork, part of the embedded threaded structures are connected to the threaded sleeve through threads, the threaded sleeve is connected to the tension bolt through threads to lock the inner formwork on the prefabricated wallboards by a nut on the tension bolt.

[0016] Preferably, the threaded sleeve is made of nylon material.

[0017] The prefabricated wallboard and beam column demoulding-free system has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The embedded thread structure is arranged when the outer leaf plate is made, and the outer leaf plate is firmly connected with the inner leaf plate after pouring of the inner leaf plate through the cast-in-place process of the inner leaf plate, so that a plurality of tie members for connecting the inner leaf plate and the outer leaf plate are not needed, the overall connection strength of the prefabricated wallboard is greatly enhanced, the integrity of the wallboard is good, and the safety is higher;

[0019] (2) The split embedded thread structure is adopted, the recesses are arranged on both sides of the bolt part, and the U-shaped clamping members matched with the recesses are arranged to realize quick fixing of the steel wire mesh and the embedded thread structure, and the temporarily fixed embedded thread structure is firmly connected with the steel wire mesh after pouring of the outer leaf plate through the cast-in-place process of the outer leaf plate, the connection structure is convenient to install, and the application cost is low;

[0020] (3) The inclined wall is arranged on the recess to change the diameter of the recess, the wedge-shaped part of the U-shaped clamping member is matched, the wedge-shaped part is inserted into the recess more conveniently and quickly, the bolt head and the steel wire mesh can be firmly locked, the risk that a small number of embedded thread structures fall off the steel wire mesh during transportation is avoided, and the safety performance of the prefabricated wallboard is greatly enhanced;

[0021] (4) The outer leaf plate, the thermal insulation plate and the inner leaf plate of the prefabricated wallboard are arranged to be different in length and height, the parts of the outer leaf plate and the thermal insulation plate which are more than the inner leaf plate can be used as the demoulding-free thermal insulation formwork for pouring of the beam column, and the processes of beam column formwork and demoulding are reduced;

[0022] (5) A plurality of embedded thread structures perpendicular to the outer leaf plate are arranged when the outer leaf plate is poured, the embedded thread structures are used for fixing the corresponding inner formwork in the process of forming the pouring area, holes need not to be opened on the outer leaf plate, the outer side surface of the outer leaf plate can be kept flat, and when the finish layer is fixed on the outer side surface of the outer leaf plate, the purpose of using the prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wallboard as the demoulding-free thermal insulation formwork for pouring of the beam column is realized without damaging the finish layer;

[0023] (6) The outer leaf plate formed by the high-performance concrete material and the steel wire mesh can be made thin, the structural self-weight of the prefabricated wallboard is reduced, and the application difficulty of the prefabricated wallboard in the field of super low energy consumption buildings is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic view of the structural relationship between the prefabricated wallboard and the beam column;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the beam column demoulding-free system;

[0026] Figure 3 It is Figure 2Enlarged view of the middle portion A;

[0027] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the prefabricated wallboard;

[0028] Figure 5 Perspective structure diagram of the prefabricated wallboard;

[0029] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the prefabricated wallboard when the inner leaf plate is not poured;

[0030] Figure 7 Structure diagram when the embedded thread structure and the steel wire mesh are welded;

[0031] Figure 8 Structure diagram of Figure 7 Enlarged view of the middle portion B;

[0032] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the integrated embedded thread structure;

[0033] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the split embedded thread structure cooperating with the steel wire mesh;

[0034] Figure 11 Sectional structure diagram of the split embedded thread structure cooperating with the steel wire mesh;

[0035] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the bottom plate;

[0036] Figure 13 Structure diagram of the screw rod part with a bolt head;

[0037] Figure 14 Structure diagram of the embedded thread structure with a wedge part cooperating with the steel wire mesh;

[0038] Figure 15 Structure diagram of the screw rod part with an inclined wall.

[0039] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: 100, inner formwork; 110, thread sleeve; 120, tension bolt; 121, nut; 122, gasket; 123, elastic washer; 124, embedding groove; 130, pouring area; 200, outer leaf plate; 210, steel wire mesh; 300, inner leaf plate; 310, steel wire structure; 400, insulation board; 500, finishing layer; 610, screw rod part; 611, bolt head; 612, recess; 613, inclined wall; 620, bottom plate; 621, round hole; 630, U-shaped clamping piece; 631, wedge part; 700, beam column; 800, prefabricated wallboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that the technical scheme of the present application can be more easily understood and mastered. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and not to limit the present application.

[0041] The present embodiment provides a beam column 700 formwork system, as shown in the figure, which comprises two prefabricated wall panels 800, threaded sleeves 110, tension bolts 120 and inner formworks 100 abutting on the inner sides of the two inner leaf panels 300. The number of prefabricated wall panels 800 used for pouring different numbers of beam columns 700 will be different, and the present embodiment takes two prefabricated wall panels 800 as an example. Figures 2-3

[0042] As shown in the figure, the prefabricated wall panel 800 comprises an outer leaf panel 200 with a steel mesh 210 inside, a cast-in-situ inner leaf panel 300, a thermal insulation panel 400 between the outer leaf panel 200 and the inner leaf panel 300, and a plurality of pre-buried threaded structures fixedly connected to the steel mesh 210. The inner leaf panel 300 is cast with ceramsite concrete material to reduce the weight of the prefabricated sandwich thermal insulation wall panel. Figures 4-9

[0043] As shown in the figure, the outer leaf panel 200 and the inner leaf panel 300 are connected through the pre-buried threaded structure, the length and width of the outer leaf panel 200 and the thermal insulation panel 400 are greater than those of the inner leaf panel 300, the bottom of the outer leaf panel 200 and the thermal insulation panel 400 is flush with the inner leaf panel 300, and the left end, the right end and the upper end of the outer leaf panel 200 and the thermal insulation panel 400 protrude out of the inner leaf panel 300. The left end of the outer leaf panel 200 and the thermal insulation panel 400 abuts against the right end of the inner leaf panel 300 and the thermal insulation panel 400 of the adjacent prefabricated wall panel 800, and the two prefabricated wall panels 800 can form a spacing space between the two inner leaf panels 300. The spacing space, together with the inner formwork 100, can form a pouring area 130 for pouring the beam column 700. Figures 4-6

[0044] As shown in the figure, Figure 7 8 As shown in the figure, the pre-buried threaded structure comprises at least a bottom plate 620 and a screw rod part 610 fixed on the bottom plate 620, the bottom plate 620 is connected perpendicularly to the screw rod part 610, the bottom plate 620 is arranged in parallel to and fixedly connected to the steel mesh 210, and the end of the screw rod part 610 away from the bottom plate 620 is threaded and penetrates through the thermal insulation panel 400. Part of the pre-buried threaded structure is used to fix the inner leaf panel 300, and the pre-buried threaded structure protruding out of the inner leaf panel 300 is used to fix the inner formwork 100. The provision of the bottom plate 620 makes the stress area of the pre-buried threaded structure larger, thereby improving the fixing reliability of the pre-buried threaded structure.

[0045] As shown in the figure, Figures 4-6 ​​​​As shown, the prefabricated wallboard 800 also includes a facing layer 500 integrally formed with the outer leaf 200, which can avoid the trouble of late-stage decoration construction of the outer wall, and the facing layer 500 can be a ceramic tile, paint or real stone paint.

[0046] The insulation board 400 adopts A-level fireproof insulation material, such as aerogel insulation felt, silicon graphene and aerogel composite insulation board 400, silicon graphene insulation board 400, etc. Since the insulation board 400 has A-level fireproof performance, the thickness of the outer leaf 200 as a protective layer can be greatly reduced, and the thickness of the outer leaf 200 is 10mm-15mm, for example, 12mm. The outer leaf 200 adopts high-performance concrete material, and the insulation board adopts vacuum insulation board.

[0047] As shown in Figures 7-9 The bottom plate 620 is integrally formed with the screw rod part 610, and the bottom plate 620 is fixedly connected with the steel wire mesh 210 through welding. The bottom plate 620 is arranged on the outer side of the steel wire mesh 210, and the bottom plate 620 and the steel wire mesh 210 are arranged in parallel. The bottom plate 620 abuts against at least two intersecting steel wires to improve stability. This structure adopts an integrated structure. When installing, the embedded threaded structure can be firmly connected with the steel wire mesh 210 by only welding the bottom plate 620 with the steel wire mesh 210, which is convenient to install. Part of the screw rod part 610 is fixedly connected with the steel wire structure 310 in the inner leaf 300 through welding at the end away from the bottom plate 620.

[0048] In other optional embodiments, as shown in Figures 10-13 The bottom plate 620 is provided with a round hole 621, one end of the screw rod part 610 has a bolt head part 611, the screw rod part 610 passes through the round hole 621, the bolt head part 611 abuts against the bottom plate 620, the screw rod part 610 has a groove 612, and the U-shaped clamping piece 630 is clamped at the groove 612 of the screw rod part 610. The U-shaped clamping piece 630 abuts against the steel wire mesh 210 to fix the embedded threaded structure on the steel wire mesh 210. After the U-shaped clamping piece 630 is inserted into the groove 612, the U-shaped clamping piece 630 and the bolt head part 611 together hold the bottom plate 620 and the steel wire mesh 210 to achieve the fixing purpose. This structure adopts a split structure, and the U-shaped clamping piece 630 is quickly clamped in the groove 612 of the screw rod part 610 through the grooves 612 on both sides of the screw rod part 610 to achieve the quick installation of the embedded threaded structure on the steel wire mesh 210. Although the embedded threaded structure is not as firm as welding when it is just installed, the embedded threaded structure will be firmly connected with the steel wire mesh 210 after the outer leaf 200 is poured and formed. In addition, most of the components of this structure are manufactured by using existing common components, without the need for custom mold opening, so the early-stage manufacturing cost is relatively low.

[0049] In the embodiment of the split embedded threaded structure, asFigures 14-15 , the side wall of the groove 612 can be further provided as an inclined wall 613, the U-shaped clamping piece 630 has an inclined surface to form a wedge-shaped part 631 on the U-shaped clamping piece 630, the wedge-shaped part 631 is inserted into the groove 612, and the inclined surface is in contact with the inclined wall 613. In this way, the wedge-shaped part 631 can be conveniently and quickly inserted into the groove 612, the deeper the wedge-shaped part 631 is inserted, the greater the clamping force of the U-shaped clamping piece 630 on the bolt head 611, the more fixed the embedded threaded structure, and the less likely to fall off during transportation, thereby increasing the safety of the prefabricated wall plate 800.

[0050] As shown in Figures 2-3 , two prefabricated wall plates 800 are butted to form a pouring area 130 of a beam column 700 together with an inner formwork 100, part of the embedded threaded structure is connected with the threaded sleeve 110 through threads, the threaded sleeve 110 is connected with the tension bolt 120 through threads to lock the inner formwork 100 on the prefabricated wall plate 800 by the nut 121 on the tension bolt 120. After pouring the beam column 700, the inner formwork 100 is removed, and the prefabricated wall plate 800 on the outer side of the beam column 700 does not need to be removed, thereby reducing the process of supporting and removing the formwork of the beam column 700. In the embodiment, the inner formwork 100 is a flat plate, and in other optional embodiments, the inner formwork 100 can also be a plate with a middle arch or an M-shaped folding plate bent by 90 degrees to facilitate pouring the beam column 700 as shown in Figure 1 .

[0051] As shown in Figure 3 , the threaded sleeve 110 is made of nylon material, and the steel wire structure 310 in the inner leaf plate 300 extends from the left and right ends and the upper end of the inner leaf plate 300, so that the steel wire structure 310 can be embedded in the beam column 700, and the combination of the prefabricated wall plate 800 and the beam column 700 is more compact. The nut 121 on the tension bolt 120 has a gasket 122 and an elastic washer 123 between the nut 121 and the inner formwork 100, the gasket 122 presses the elastic washer 123 on the inner formwork 100, the gasket 122 has an embedding groove 124, and the elastic washer 123 is embedded in the embedding groove 124 to prevent the elastic washer 123 from shifting, thereby ensuring that the force of the elastic washer 123 at each position on the inner formwork 100 is uniform, the elastic washer 123 provides a buffer space for the locking of the tension bolt 120, and is beneficial to controlling the locking force of the tension bolt 120 at a suitable position. The distance from the cross-sectional center of the elastic washer 123 to the center axis of the tension bolt 120 is greater than the distance from the outer edge of the nut 121 to the center axis of the tension bolt 120, Figure 3 , and the difference between the two distances is L, and the larger elastic washer 123 is beneficial to force balance

[0052] When pouring the beam column 700 on one side of the prefabricated wall plate 800, first, two prefabricated wall plates 800 are spliced together to form a pouring area 130, then a threaded sleeve is used to connect one end of the tension bolt 120 with the embedded threaded structure, finally, the inner formwork 100 is installed on one side of the inner wall plate, and the inner formwork 100 is fixedly connected with the prefabricated wall plate 800 by the tension bolt 120, after pouring, the inner formwork 100 is removed, and the thermal insulation formwork on the outer side of the beam column 700 does not need to be removed, thereby reducing the processes of formwork and form removal of the beam column 700.

Claims

1. A precast wall panel, characterized by The outer leaf plate (200) and the inner leaf plate (300) are connected through the pre-buried threaded structure, the length and the width of the outer leaf plate (200) and the thermal insulation plate (400) are greater than the inner leaf plate (300), the bottom of the outer leaf plate (200) and the thermal insulation plate (400) is flush with the inner leaf plate (300), the left end, the right end and the upper end of the outer leaf plate (200) and the thermal insulation plate (400) protrude from the inner leaf plate (300), the pre-buried threaded structure at least includes a bottom plate (620) and a screw rod part (610) fixed on the bottom plate (620), the bottom plate (620) is connected with the screw rod part (610) vertically, the bottom plate (620) is arranged and fixedly connected with the steel wire mesh (210) in parallel, the end of the screw rod part (610) away from the bottom plate (620) has a thread and penetrates through the thermal insulation plate (400); the thermal insulation plate (400) adopts A-grade fireproof insulation material, the thickness of the outer leaf plate (200) is 10mm-15mm, the outer leaf plate (200) adopts high-performance concrete material, and the inner leaf plate (300) adopts ceramsite concrete material; The bottom plate (620) is provided with a round hole (621), one end of the screw rod part (610) has a bolt head part (611), the screw rod part (610) penetrates through the round hole (621), the bolt head part (611) abuts on the bottom plate (620), the screw rod part (610) has a groove (612) thereon, the U-shaped clamping piece (630) is clamped at the groove (612), and the U-shaped clamping piece (630) abuts on the steel wire mesh (210) so that the pre-buried threaded structure is fixed on the steel wire mesh (210); One side wall of the groove (612) is an inclined wall (613), the U-shaped clamping piece (630) has an inclined surface to form a wedge-shaped part (631) on the U-shaped clamping piece (630), the wedge-shaped part (631) is inserted into the groove (612), and the inclined surface is in contact with the inclined wall (613).

2. A precast wall panel according to claim 1, wherein, The prefabricated wallboard (800) further comprises a veneer layer (500) integrally formed with the outer leaf plate (200).

3. A precast wall panel according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom plate (620) is integrally formed with the screw rod part (610), and the bottom plate (620) and the steel wire mesh (210) are fixedly connected through welding.

4. A precast wall panel according to claim 1, wherein, The thermal insulation plate adopts a vacuum insulation plate.

5. A beam column formwork system, characterized in that, The precast wallboard (800) of any one of claims 1-4, a threaded sleeve (110), a tie bolt (120) and an inner formwork (100) abutting on the inner side of the two inner leaf panels (300) at the same time, the two precast wallboards (800) are butted to form a pouring area (130) of the beam column (700) together with the inner formwork (100), part of the embedded threaded structure is connected with the threaded sleeve (110) through threads, the threaded sleeve (110) is connected with the tie bolt (120) through threads to lock the inner formwork (100) on the precast wallboard (800) by the nut (121) on the tie bolt (120).

6. A beam-column formwork system according to claim 5, wherein, The threaded sleeve (110) is made of nylon.

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