A fast-erectable tunnel support device and construction method

Abstract

The tunnel support device can be quickly set up, and comprises multiple circular I-beam frames and quick mounting support mechanisms; the quick mounting support mechanism comprises a slide, multiple jacks, support rods and a four-way conversion structure; the slide is installed in a slide groove at the bottom of the tunnel; the jack is slidably arranged on the slide; the four-way conversion structure comprises a connecting column and two four-way conversion heads installed at the two ends of the connecting column; the four-way conversion heads rotate around the axis of the connecting column; the connecting column is fixed on the jack; the inner side flanges of the arc-shaped I-beams are provided with flange grooves; the four-way conversion heads are provided with cross grooves; when assembled, the two ends of the support rod are supported in the corresponding flange grooves and cross grooves to erect a section of arc-shaped I-beam on the inner wall of the tunnel; four support rods are used to erect four sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and positioning screws are used to fixedly connect the arc-shaped I-beams and the I-shaped sleeves to form the circular I-beam frame; the multiple circular I-beam frames are connected through connecting rods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel support technology, and relates to a tunnel support device and construction method that can be quickly erected. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of infrastructure construction in my country, the construction of tunnels, including mine roadways, traffic tunnels, and underground space tunnels, has frequently encountered challenges in the construction of highways, railways, and subways. The complexity and risks of the construction process necessitate higher requirements for the safety and practicality of tunnel engineering. Before excavation, the surrounding rock stress is in a relatively balanced state. After excavation, the stress redistributes, and soft surrounding rock, with its low strength, is more sensitive to the project. In a short period, the surrounding rock stress fails to form a stable load-bearing arch, thus increasing the deformation of the fractured surrounding rock and causing severe damage. After excavation, an initial support structure composed of steel arches needs to be erected promptly to ensure the stability of the surrounding rock at the excavation face and guarantee safe tunnel construction. Existing support structures suffer from relatively large construction volumes and long construction times, making it difficult to achieve rapid support and reinforcement effects in the initial construction phase. Therefore, a tunnel support device and construction method that can be quickly erected is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a tunnel support device and construction method that can be quickly erected. The support device has a simple structure and is easy and quick to install, enabling rapid support and reinforcement of various tunnel structures.

[0004] This invention provides a tunnel support device that can be quickly erected, comprising: multiple circular I-beam frames and a quick-assembly support mechanism for assembling the circular I-beam frames; the circular I-beam frames are formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped I-beams together with I-beam sleeves;

[0005] The quick-assembly support mechanism includes: a slide rail, multiple jacks, support rods, and a four-way conversion structure. The slide rail is installed in a slide rail groove at the bottom of the tunnel, and the jacks are slidably mounted on the slide rail. The four-way conversion structure includes a connecting column and two four-way conversion heads installed at both ends of the connecting column. The four-way conversion heads rotate about the axis of the connecting column, and the connecting column is fixed to the jacks. The inner flange of the arc-shaped I-beam has a flange groove, and the four-way conversion head has a cross-shaped groove. During assembly, the two ends of the support rod are respectively supported in the corresponding flange groove and cross-shaped groove to erect a section of arc-shaped I-beam onto the inner wall of the tunnel. Four support rods are used to complete the erection of four sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and the arc-shaped I-beams and I-shaped sleeves are fixedly connected into a circular I-beam frame by positioning screws. Multiple circular I-beam frames are connected by connecting rods.

[0006] In the tunnel support device of the present invention, the four-way conversion head is a rectangular structure, and a cross-shaped groove is provided on the end face of the four-way conversion head. Two four-way conversion heads are rotatably set at both ends of the connecting column through a rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively located at the center of the two cross-shaped grooves. The length of the connecting column is set according to the spacing between the two circular I-beam frames to ensure that the four-way conversion heads at both ends are used for the assembly of two adjacent circular I-beam frames. The side wall of the four-way conversion head is provided with a pin hole that passes through the cross-shaped groove. The two ends of the support rod are provided with through holes. When the first end of the support rod is supported in the cross-shaped groove, it is fixed by a pin passing through the pin hole and the through hole.

[0007] In the tunnel support device of the present invention, the inner flange of the arc-shaped I-beam is provided with a boss, the flange groove is formed on the boss, the boss is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the support rod extends into the groove and is connected to the boss and the support rod by screws.

[0008] In the tunnel support device that can be quickly erected according to the present invention, the two ends of the I-shaped sleeve are respectively fitted onto the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped I-beams. Both ends of the I-shaped sleeve and the ends of the arc-shaped I-beams are provided with through holes, and the I-shaped sleeve and the arc-shaped I-beams are connected by positioning screws.

[0009] In the rapidly erectable tunnel support device of the present invention, the jack includes: a base, a vertical telescopic support arm located at the center, and two lateral telescopic support arms. The four-way conversion structure is fixed on the vertical telescopic support arm. The bottom of the base is provided with a sliding groove, and the base is slidably set on the slide rail through the sliding groove. The top of the two lateral telescopic support arms is provided with an installation groove. By setting support beams in the installation groove along the direction parallel to the tunnel axis, the circular I-beam frame is laterally supported, so that the arc-shaped I-beam fits tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0010] In the tunnel support device of the present invention, the bottom of the lateral telescopic support arm is hinged to the base, and the middle part of the lateral telescopic support arm is connected to the vertical telescopic support arm through a telescopic device.

[0011] In the tunnel support device that can be quickly erected according to the present invention, the web of the arc-shaped I-beam is provided with a connecting pipe that passes through the web. By inserting the connecting rod into the corresponding connecting pipe of two adjacent circular I-beam frames, the splicing of multiple circular I-beam frames can be realized. The side wall of the connecting pipe and both ends of the connecting rod are provided with through holes, and the connecting pipe and the connecting rod are fixed by screws.

[0012] In the tunnel support device of the present invention, which can be quickly erected, detachable barriers are also provided on both sides of the slide.

[0013] This invention provides a construction method for a rapidly erectable tunnel support device, comprising:

[0014] Step 1: Excavate a slide channel at the bottom of the tunnel, lay the slide in the slide channel, and install a barrier on the slide;

[0015] Step 2: Install the jack onto the slide rail, and let the jack slide by means of the interlocking of the slide groove and the slide rail;

[0016] Step 3: Secure the connecting column of the four-way conversion structure to the vertical telescopic support arm of the jack using bolts;

[0017] Step 4: Place a section of curved I-beam below the four-way converter, insert the lower end of the support rod into the flange groove of the curved I-beam and fix it with screws, place the upper end of the support rod into the cross-shaped groove of the four-way converter, and temporarily fix it by inserting pins into the corresponding pin holes, so that the curved I-beam is erected in the tunnel plane.

[0018] Step 5: Connect the curved I-beam and the I-beam sleeve with positioning screws, rotate the four-way converter and support rod to rotate the erected curved I-beam to the side, and repeat step 4 above to build two I-beam frames with notches at the bottom at the same time through the four-way converters at both ends.

[0019] Step 6: Assemble the two I-beam frames into one unit by inserting the connecting rods into the corresponding connecting tubes of the two I-beam frames;

[0020] Step 7: Remove the support rods and push the jacks to the next support position to complete the erection of more I-beam frames; at the same time, perform a second overlap on the I-beam frames with notches at the bottom assembled in Step 5, and connect the arc-shaped I-beams on both sides of the notch with I-beam sleeves to make it a complete circular I-beam frame.

[0021] Step 8: After erecting several circular I-beam frames, support beams are installed in the mounting slots of the lateral telescopic support arms to provide lateral support for the circular I-beam frames; at the same time, mounting slots are set on the connecting columns of the four-way conversion structure and support beams are installed to lift the vertical telescopic support arms and support the top of the circular I-beam frames, so that the circular I-beam frames fit tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0022] In the construction method of the tunnel support device that can be quickly erected according to the present invention, the support position is determined before construction, and then the number of circular I-beam frames and the number of quick-installation support mechanisms are determined. Multiple jacks are installed on the slide to realize simultaneous construction of multiple sections.

[0023] This invention discloses a tunnel support device and construction method that can be quickly erected. The four-way conversion structure allows for easy erection of a circular I-beam frame. Furthermore, the pre-processed construction simplifies inter-frame connections, eliminating the need for an operating scaffold, significantly reducing workload and shortening construction time. The combined use of slides and jacks allows the jacks to move within a pre-defined area, reducing the number of support points and the angle between frames. This minimizes errors caused by the selection of measurement points, increasing structural reliability and ensuring structural safety. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a tunnel support device that can be quickly erected according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a front view of a tunnel support device that can be quickly erected according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a four-way conversion structure;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the jack's structure;

[0028] Among them, 1-arc-shaped I-beam, 11-boob, 12-connecting pipe, 2-I-shaped sleeve, 21-positioning screw, 3-slide rail, 4-jack, 41-base, 42-vertical telescopic support arm, 43-lateral telescopic support arm, 44-slide groove, 45-installation groove, 46-telescopic device, 5-support rod, 6-four-way conversion structure, 61-connecting column, 62-four-way conversion head, 63-cross-shaped groove, 64-pin hole, 7-slide groove, 8-connecting rod, 9-support beam, 10-enclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, a tunnel support device of the present invention, which can be quickly erected, includes: multiple circular I-beam frames and a quick-assembly support mechanism for assembling the circular I-beam frames. The circular I-beam frames are formed by splicing multiple arc-shaped I-beams 1 together with I-beam sleeves 2.

[0030] The quick-assembly support mechanism includes: a slide rail 3, multiple jacks 4, support rods 5, and a four-way conversion structure 6. The slide rail 3 is installed in a slide rail groove 7 at the bottom of the tunnel, and the jacks 4 are slidably mounted on the slide rail 3. The four-way conversion structure 6 is used to position multiple sections of curved I-beams 1, including a connecting column 61 and two four-way conversion heads 62 installed at both ends of the connecting column. The four-way conversion heads 62 rotate about the axis of the connecting column 61, and the connecting column 61 is fixed to the jacks 4. The inner flange of the curved I-beam 1 is provided with a flange groove, and the four-way conversion head 62 is provided with a cross-shaped groove 63. During assembly, the two ends of the support rod 5 are respectively supported in the corresponding flange groove and cross-shaped groove 63 to erect a section of curved I-beam 1 onto the inner wall of the tunnel. The four sections of curved I-beam 1 are erected using four support rods 5, and the curved I-beam 1 and the I-shaped sleeve 2 are fixedly connected by positioning screws 21 to form a circular I-beam frame. Multiple circular I-beam frames are connected by connecting rod 8.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the four-way converter 62 has a rectangular structure. A cross-shaped groove 63 is provided on the end face of the four-way converter 62. Two four-way converters 62 are rotatably mounted at both ends of the connecting column 61 via a rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively located at the center of the two cross-shaped grooves 63. The length of the connecting column 61 is set according to the spacing between the two circular I-beam frames to ensure that the four-way converters at both ends are used for assembling two adjacent circular I-beam frames. The side wall of the four-way converter 62 has a pin hole 64 that passes through the cross-shaped groove. Both ends of the support rod 5 have through holes. When the first end of the support rod 5 is supported in the cross-shaped groove 63, it is fixed by a pin inserted into the pin hole 64 and the through hole.

[0032] In a specific implementation, a boss 11 is provided on the inner flange of the arc-shaped I-beam 1, and a flange groove is formed on the boss 11. The boss 11 is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the support rod 5 extends into the flange groove and is connected to the boss 11 and the support rod 5 by screws.

[0033] In specific implementation, the two ends of the I-shaped sleeve 2 are respectively fitted onto the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped I-beams 1. Both ends of the I-shaped sleeve 2 and the ends of the arc-shaped I-beams 1 are provided with through holes, and the I-shaped sleeve 2 and the arc-shaped I-beams 1 are connected by positioning screws 21.

[0034] like Figure 4As shown, the jack 4 includes: a base 41, a centrally located vertical telescopic support arm 42, and two lateral telescopic support arms 43. The four-way conversion structure 6 is fixed on the vertical telescopic support arm 42. The base 41 has a groove 44 at its bottom, and the base 41 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 3 through the groove 44. The two lateral telescopic support arms 43 have mounting grooves 45 at their top ends. By setting support beams 9 in the mounting grooves 45 along the direction parallel to the tunnel axis, the circular I-beam frame is laterally supported, so that the arc-shaped I-beam 1 fits tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0035] In specific implementation, the bottom of the lateral telescopic support arm 43 is hinged to the base 41, and the middle part of the lateral telescopic support arm 43 is connected to the vertical telescopic support arm 42 through the telescopic device 46.

[0036] In specific implementation, the web of the arc-shaped I-beam 1 is provided with a connecting pipe 12 that passes through the web. By inserting the connecting rod 8 into the corresponding connecting pipe 12 of two adjacent circular I-beam frames, the splicing of multiple circular I-beam frames can be achieved. Through holes are provided on the side wall of the connecting pipe 12 and at both ends of the connecting rod 8, and the connecting pipe 12 and the connecting rod 8 are fixed with screws. Depending on the assembly requirements, at least two connecting pipes 12 are provided on each section of the arc-shaped I-beam 1.

[0037] In practice, the slide 3 is also equipped with detachable barriers 10 on both sides to prevent gravel from falling into the slide 3 during construction.

[0038] The present invention provides a construction method for a rapidly erectable tunnel support device, comprising:

[0039] Step 1: Excavate a slide channel at the bottom of the tunnel, lay the slide in the slide channel, and install a barrier on the slide;

[0040] Step 2: Install the jack onto the slide rail, and let the jack slide by means of the interlocking of the slide groove and the slide rail;

[0041] Step 3: Secure the connecting column of the four-way conversion structure to the vertical telescopic support arm of the jack with bolts, and lift the four-way conversion structure to a specific height;

[0042] Step 4: Place a section of curved I-beam below the four-way converter, insert the lower end of the support rod into the flange groove of the curved I-beam and fix it with screws, place the upper end of the support rod into the cross-shaped groove of the four-way converter, and temporarily fix it by inserting pins into the corresponding pin holes, so that the curved I-beam is erected in the tunnel plane.

[0043] Step 5: Connect the curved I-beam and the I-beam sleeve with positioning screws, rotate the four-way converter and support rod to rotate the erected curved I-beam to the side, repeat the above step 4, and simultaneously build two I-beam frames with notches at the bottom by using the four-way converters at both ends, which greatly shortens the construction time and can ensure that multiple circular I-beam frames are parallel, increasing reliability.

[0044] Step 6: Assemble the two I-beam frames into one unit by inserting the connecting rods into the corresponding connecting tubes of the two I-beam frames;

[0045] Step 7: Remove the support rod and the barrier between the two I-beam frames, push the jack to the next support position, and complete the erection of more I-beam frames; at the same time, perform a second overlap on the I-beam frame with a notch at the bottom assembled in Step 5, and connect the arc-shaped I-beams on both sides of the notch with I-beam sleeves to make it a complete circular I-beam frame.

[0046] Step 8: After erecting several circular I-beam frames, the lateral telescopic arms can be extended. Support beams are installed in the mounting slots of the lateral telescopic support arms to provide lateral support for the circular I-beam frames. At the same time, mounting slots are set on the connecting columns of the four-way conversion structure and support beams are installed to lift the vertical telescopic support arms and support the top of the circular I-beam frames, so that the circular I-beam frames fit tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0047] In practice, the support positions are determined before construction, and then the number of circular I-beam frames and quick-assembly support mechanisms are determined. Multiple jacks are installed on the slide to enable simultaneous construction of multiple sections.

[0048] This invention discloses a rapidly erectable tunnel support device and construction method, designed to effectively constrain the deformation of surrounding rock after tunnel excavation, enhance rock stability, and ensure construction safety. The circular I-beam frame is assembled through the positioning of support rods, the overlapping of I-beam sleeves, and the rotation of a four-way conversion structure. During the assembly of the circular I-beam frame, jacks are used to support the four-way conversion structure. After assembly, the jacks lift the four-way conversion structure to provide temporary support for the circular I-beam frame via support beams. Multiple circular I-beam frames are simultaneously spliced ​​and connected by connecting rods to achieve rapid tunnel support. This invention enables the rapid erection of tunnel arch supports, significantly improving construction speed, completing initial support, and protecting the safety of construction personnel.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the ideas of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel support device that can be quickly erected, characterized in that, include: Multiple circular I-beam frames and a quick-assembly support mechanism for assembling the circular I-beam frames; The circular I-beam frame is composed of multiple arc-shaped I-beams spliced ​​together using I-beam sleeves; The quick-assembly support mechanism includes: a slide rail, multiple jacks, support rods, and a four-way conversion structure. The slide rail is installed in a slide rail groove at the bottom of the tunnel, and the jacks are slidably mounted on the slide rail. The four-way conversion structure includes a connecting column and two four-way conversion heads installed at both ends of the connecting column. The four-way conversion heads rotate about the axis of the connecting column, and the connecting column is fixed to the jacks. The inner flange of the arc-shaped I-beam has a flange groove, and the four-way conversion head has a cross-shaped groove. During assembly, the two ends of the support rod are respectively supported in the corresponding flange groove and cross-shaped groove to erect a section of arc-shaped I-beam onto the inner wall of the tunnel. Four support rods are used to complete the erection of four sections of arc-shaped I-beams, and the arc-shaped I-beams and I-shaped sleeves are fixedly connected into a circular I-beam frame by positioning screws. Multiple circular I-beam frames are connected by connecting rods. The four-way adapter has a rectangular structure with a cross-shaped groove on its end face. Two four-way adapters are rotatably mounted at both ends of the connecting column via a rotating shaft. The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively located at the center of the two cross-shaped grooves. The length of the connecting column is set according to the spacing between the two circular I-beam frames to ensure that the four-way adapters at both ends are used for the assembly of two adjacent circular I-beam frames. The side wall of the four-way adapter has a pin hole that passes through the cross-shaped groove. Both ends of the support rod have through holes. When the first end of the support rod is supported in the cross-shaped groove, it is fixed by a pin passing through the pin hole and the through hole. The jack includes: a base, a vertical telescopic support arm located at the center, and two lateral telescopic support arms. The four-way conversion structure is fixed on the vertical telescopic support arm. The bottom of the base is provided with a sliding groove, and the base is slidably set on the slide rail through the sliding groove. The top of the two lateral telescopic support arms is provided with an installation groove. By setting support beams in the installation groove along the direction parallel to the tunnel axis, the circular I-beam frame is laterally supported, so that the arc-shaped I-beam fits tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

2. The tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner flange of the arc-shaped I-beam is provided with a boss, the flange groove is formed on the boss, the boss is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the support rod extends into the groove and is connected to the boss and the support rod by screws.

3. The tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the I-shaped sleeve are respectively fitted onto the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped I-beams. Both ends of the I-shaped sleeve and the ends of the arc-shaped I-beams are provided with through holes, and the I-shaped sleeve and the arc-shaped I-beams are connected by positioning screws.

4. The tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the lateral telescopic support arm is hinged to the base, and the middle part of the lateral telescopic support arm is connected to the vertical telescopic support arm through a telescopic device.

5. The tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The web of the arc-shaped I-beam is provided with a connecting pipe that passes through the web. By inserting the connecting rod into the corresponding connecting pipe of two adjacent circular I-beam frames, the splicing of multiple circular I-beam frames can be achieved. The side wall of the connecting pipe and both ends of the connecting rod are provided with through holes, and the connecting pipe and the connecting rod are fixed by screws.

6. The tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The slide is also equipped with removable barriers on both sides.

7. A construction method for a tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 6, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Excavate a slide channel at the bottom of the tunnel, lay the slide in the slide channel, and install a barrier on the slide; Step 2: Install the jack onto the slide rail, and let the jack slide by means of the interlocking of the slide groove and the slide rail; Step 3: Secure the connecting column of the four-way conversion structure to the vertical telescopic support arm of the jack using bolts; Step 4: Place a section of curved I-beam below the four-way converter, insert the lower end of the support rod into the flange groove of the curved I-beam and fix it with screws, place the upper end of the support rod into the cross-shaped groove of the four-way converter, and temporarily fix it by inserting pins into the corresponding pin holes, so that the curved I-beam is erected in the tunnel plane. Step 5: Connect the curved I-beam and the I-beam sleeve with positioning screws, rotate the four-way converter and support rod to rotate the erected curved I-beam to the side, and repeat step 4 above to build two I-beam frames with notches at the bottom at the same time through the four-way converters at both ends. Step 6: Assemble the two I-beam frames into one unit by inserting the connecting rods into the corresponding connecting tubes of the two I-beam frames; Step 7: Remove the support rods and push the jacks to the next support position to complete the erection of more I-beam frames; at the same time, perform a second overlap on the I-beam frames with notches at the bottom assembled in Step 5, and connect the arc-shaped I-beams on both sides of the notch with I-beam sleeves to make it a complete circular I-beam frame. Step 8: After erecting several circular I-beam frames, support beams are installed in the mounting slots of the lateral telescopic support arms to provide lateral support for the circular I-beam frames; at the same time, mounting slots are set on the connecting columns of the four-way conversion structure and support beams are installed to lift the vertical telescopic support arms and support the top of the circular I-beam frames, so that the circular I-beam frames fit tightly against the inner wall of the tunnel.

8. The construction method of the tunnel support device that can be quickly erected as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Before construction, the support positions are determined, and then the number of circular I-beam frames and quick-assembly support mechanisms are determined. Multiple jacks are installed on the slide to enable simultaneous construction of multiple sections.

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