A mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door

Abstract

This invention belongs to the technical field of mining safety equipment, specifically disclosing a mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door, comprising: an air door body, and a pressure relief and fire-arresting structure disposed on the air door body; the air door body has an installation groove for mounting the pressure relief and fire-arresting structure; the pressure relief and fire-arresting structure includes a top cover and a middle ring respectively disposed on the air door body and located inside and outside the installation groove, a base disposed on the side of the middle ring away from the air door body via a support column, a raft plate disposed on the side of the base near the middle ring and located in the installation groove via a spring for sealing the installation groove, and a metal wire mesh wound around the outside of the support column and located between the middle ring and the base; when no explosion occurs, the air door functions as an airflow isolation device, and when an explosion occurs, it functions as a pressure relief and fire-arresting device, and can restore its airflow isolation function after the explosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of mining safety equipment, and specifically relates to a mine pressure relief, fire arrestor, and explosion-proof air door. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine safety is a crucial aspect of coal industry production. Coal is a vital energy resource in my country, and the safety of coal mines, as sites for coal extraction and processing, has always been a major concern. Coal mine safety not only affects coal production and economic development but also directly impacts the safety of people's lives and property.

[0003] A good mine ventilation system is a prerequisite for safe coal mine production. Inadequate ventilation technology can lead to unpredictable consequences, causing explosions and other hazards, and harming the occupational safety and health of underground workers. Airflow control in underground mine roadways is a crucial aspect of coal mine production, with air doors playing a vital role as control elements. Air doors are the most numerous and important structures in a mine ventilation system, used to isolate airflow in roadways, regulate and control wind speed and flow, create conditions for the on-demand distribution of mine airflow, and facilitate the rapid passage of vehicles and personnel between roadways. When gas and coal dust explode underground, they generate flames and massive shock waves that propagate along the roadways, damaging equipment and threatening the safety and health of personnel. Therefore, the reliability and safety of air doors, as regulating devices in airflow pipelines, are directly related to the safe and normal operation of coal mine production.

[0004] Air doors are important structures in mine ventilation systems. They isolate airflow, create conditions for the on-demand distribution of mine airflow, and facilitate pedestrian and transportation access. Each set of air doors has at least two doors, which cannot be opened simultaneously. When pedestrians pass through, the first door is opened first, and then closed after they pass through. The second door is then opened, and after they pass through, the second door is closed. The two doors have identical structures.

[0005] Existing ventilation doors in underground coal mine roadways can only regulate airflow. In the event of an explosion, they cannot release pressure in time. The pressure generated by the gas and coal dust explosion accumulates in front of the ventilation doors, eventually damaging their structure and rendering them ineffective. Furthermore, the damaged door fragments act as obstacles to the propagation of the explosion flames, actually accelerating their spread and causing greater casualties. If the ventilation doors in the roadways could block the spread of flames and not be rapidly destroyed by the shock wave, buying time for evacuation, losses and casualties could be effectively avoided or reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mine-use pressure relief and fire-resistant explosion-proof air door. Based on the pressure relief and fire-resistant structure, it solves the defect of existing coal mine underground roadway air doors that do not have explosion-proof pressure relief capabilities. It can effectively buffer and reduce the shock waves generated by gas and coal dust explosions and block the spread of flames, effectively solving the defect of insufficient evacuation time after gas and coal dust explosions, resulting in poor safety.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a mine pressure relief fire arrestor explosion-proof air door, comprising: an air door body, and a pressure relief fire arrestor structure disposed on the air door body;

[0008] The damper body is provided with an installation groove for installing a pressure relief and fire arrestor structure.

[0009] The pressure relief and fire arrestor structure includes a top cover and a middle ring respectively installed on the damper body and located inside and outside the mounting groove; a base installed on the side of the middle ring away from the damper body via a support column; a raft plate installed on the side of the base near the middle ring and located in the mounting groove via a spring for sealing the mounting groove; and a metal wire mesh wound around the outside of the support column and located between the middle ring and the base.

[0010] Furthermore, the damper body includes a door frame embedded in the pressure-bearing inner wall, two door leaves respectively mounted on the left and right sides of the door frame via hinge devices, and a linkage balance mechanism distributed at both ends on the two door leaves for applying resistance to the door leaves to keep the door leaves in a normally closed state; an observation window is provided on the door leaves.

[0011] Furthermore, the linkage balancing mechanism includes a left support arm located on a door leaf on the left side of the door frame, a right support arm located on a door leaf on the right side of the door frame, and a drive rod with its two ends hinged to the left support arm and the right support arm, respectively.

[0012] Furthermore, a counterweight is installed on the left support arm via a pulley and rope assembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the top cover and the middle ring have the same structure and are arranged opposite to each other;

[0014] The top cover and the middle ring both include an upper rectangular ring and a lower rectangular ring disposed on the upper rectangular ring and integrally formed with the upper rectangular ring;

[0015] The upper and lower rectangular rings have an L-shaped longitudinal section when viewed from the side.

[0016] The thickness of the lower rectangular ring is 1:2 with the thickness of the damper body, and the lower rectangular ring of the top cover and the lower rectangular ring of the middle ring form a filling ring.

[0017] The outer wall of the filling ring contacts the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0018] Furthermore, the base is provided with a chamfered groove on the side near the central ring, and the chamfered angle of the chamfered groove is 60°.

[0019] Furthermore, there are 12 to 20 support columns, which are evenly distributed on the four sides of the base near the central ring.

[0020] Furthermore, the raft plate includes a front windward plate, which is arranged around the perimeter of the front windward plate by lateral windward plates;

[0021] The forward-facing windproof plate is mounted on the base via the spring.

[0022] Furthermore, the spring is a conical compression spring, with its inner diameter gradually increasing from the side closer to the base to the side closer to the raft plate.

[0023] Furthermore, the metal wire mesh has a frame structure, with the side near the middle ring fixed to the middle ring, the side near the base fixed to the base, and the side near the support column tightly attached to the support column.

[0024] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During normal operation, the raft plate is in a closed state under the action of the spring; when gas and coal dust explode, the explosion pressure accumulates in front of the damper body. When the explosion pressure acting on the raft plate is greater than the clamping force generated by the spring, the raft plate opens, and the pressure generated by the explosion is released through the gaps in the metal wire mesh. The explosion flame is quenched by the heat absorption of the metal wire mesh, playing a dual role of pressure relief and flame arrest. After the explosion ends, the explosion pressure accumulated in front of the damper body is released, and the explosion pressure acting on the raft plate gradually becomes less than the clamping force of the spring, returning to the closed state, effectively preventing airflow.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The device of the present invention utilizes a pressure relief and flame arrestor structure to promptly release the explosion pressure accumulated in front of the air door without damaging it, greatly improving the explosion resistance performance of the air door; when gas and coal dust explode in underground coal mines, the air door can use the pressure relief and flame arrestor structure to block the spread of gas and coal dust explosion flames; through the automatic reset of the pressure relief and flame arrestor structure, the air door can quickly restore its function of blocking airflow after the gas and coal dust explosion impact and pressure relief, avoiding underground airflow turbulence; therefore, when no explosion occurs, the air door functions to block airflow, and when an explosion occurs, it plays the role of pressure relief and flame arrestor, and can restore its function of blocking airflow after the explosion. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2This is a partial side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the pressure relief and flame arrestor structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a side view of the base of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the raft plate of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] Among them, 1-door body, 11-door frame, 12-door leaf, 13-hinge device, 14-linkage balance mechanism, 141-left support arm, 142-right support arm, 143-drive rod, 145-weight, 2-pressure relief and fire arresting structure, 201-upper rectangular ring, 202-lower rectangular ring, 21-top cover, 22-middle ring, 23-base, 230-edge chamfer groove, 24-support column, 25-raft plate, 251-front windward plate, 252-side windward plate, 253-perimeter, 26-spring, 27-metal wire mesh. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To the attached Figure 6 The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0034] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1 , 2A mine pressure relief fire arrestor explosion-proof door as shown in Figures 1 and 3 includes: a door body 1 and a pressure relief fire arrestor structure 2 disposed on the door body; the door body 1 is provided with an installation groove for the pressure relief fire arrestor structure 2.

[0037] like Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the pressure relief and fire arrestor structure 2 includes a top cover 21 and a middle ring 22 respectively disposed on the damper body 1 and located inside and outside the mounting groove; a base 23 disposed on the side of the middle ring 22 away from the damper body 1 via a support column 24; a raft plate 25 disposed on the side of the base 23 near the middle ring 22 and located in the mounting groove via a spring 26 for sealing the mounting groove; and a metal wire mesh 27 wrapped around the outside of the support column 24 and located between the middle ring 22 and the base 23.

[0038] Preferably, in order to ensure that the pressure relief flame arrester 2 can make close contact with the mounting groove; therefore, such as Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the top cover 21 and the middle ring 22 have the same structure and are arranged opposite to each other; both the top cover 21 and the middle ring 22 include an upper rectangular ring 201 and a lower rectangular ring 202 that is disposed on the upper rectangular ring 201 and is integral with the upper rectangular ring 201; the longitudinal section of the upper rectangular ring 201 and the lower rectangular ring 202 is an L-shaped structure when viewed from the side; the thickness of the lower rectangular ring 202 is 1:2 with the thickness of the damper body 1, and the lower rectangular ring 202 of the top cover 21 and the lower rectangular ring 202 of the middle ring 22 form a filling ring; the outer wall of the filling ring is in contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove.

[0039] Preferably, in order to increase the pressure relief area and thus improve the pressure relief efficiency, for this purpose, such as Figure 4 As shown, the base 23 has a chamfered groove 230 on the side near the middle ring 22, and the chamfer angle of the chamfered groove 230 is 60°.

[0040] Preferably, in order to ensure that the base 23 can be stably connected to the middle ring 22, there are 12 support columns 24. The 12 support columns 24 are evenly distributed on the four sides of the side of the base 23 near the middle ring 22; one is located at each of the four vertices of the base 23, and the rest are evenly distributed.

[0041] Preferably, in order for the raft plate 25 to effectively block the airflow, a special chamfered structure is used to greatly reduce the force of the explosion shock wave pressure. Therefore, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the raft plate 25 includes a front windward plate 251 and a perimeter 253 arranged around the front windward plate 251 by a side windward plate 252; the front windward plate 251 is mounted on the base 23 by a spring 26.

[0042] Preferably, the elasticity of the spring 26 should be kept at an appropriate size, so that it can be compressed under the action of explosion pressure when an explosion occurs, and can also provide sufficient clamping force to the front windward plate 251 to block the flow of air and ensure the normal function of the damper when no explosion occurs. For this purpose, the spring 26 adopts a conical compression spring, and its inner diameter gradually expands from the side closer to the base 23 to the side closer to the raft plate 25.

[0043] Preferably, the wire mesh 27 has a frame structure, with the side near the middle ring 22 fixed to the middle ring 22, the side near the base 23 fixed to the base 23, and the side near the support column 24 closely attached to the support column 24. The wire mesh 27 is the main part for quenching the flame. When the flame passes through the wire mesh 27, it will be divided into many small flames. Therefore, the frame structure of the wire mesh 27 can greatly increase the contact area between the flame and the wire mesh 27. Under the heat absorption effect of the wire mesh 27, the temperature of the flame is reduced to below its ignition temperature, and the flame is extinguished. The explosion pressure generated by the explosion is released through the gaps of the multi-layer wire mesh 13.

[0044] The assembly method of the pressure relief and flame arrestor structure 2 in this embodiment is as follows: An installation groove is made on the damper body 1 according to the lower rectangular ring 202, wherein the damper body 1 is a conventional mine damper; the top cover 21 and the middle ring 22 are respectively installed on the inner and outer sides of the damper body 1, and the lower rectangular ring 202 is placed in the installation groove; wherein the top cover 21 and the middle ring 22 are fixedly installed on the damper body 1 by bolts, and if the damper body 1 is made of metal, welding can be performed; sealant is applied to the contact end between the outer wall of the filling ring and the inner wall of the installation groove to ensure sealing; then the raft plate 25 is installed on the base 23 by springs 26, and then one end of the 12 support columns 24 is welded. On the raft plate 25; it should be noted that: the support column 24 and the raft plate 25 are both located on the side of the base 23 where the chamfered groove 230 is provided; then the support column 24 is welded to the middle ring 22; it should be noted that: ensure that the front windward plate 251 is located inside the filling ring and the circumference 253 is in close contact with the upper rectangular ring 201 of the middle ring 22 by the clamping force of the spring 26. If not, replace the spring 26; in addition, if the circumference 253 is too large and blocks the space between the support column 24 and the middle ring 22, then open a through hole in the circumference 253 for the support column 24 to pass through; then the wire mesh 27 is assembled between the middle ring 22 and the base 23 to complete the assembly.

[0045] It should be noted that: In this embodiment, the metal wire mesh 27 is specifically constructed by folding a single metal mesh multiple times into a frame structure. The inner fold width of the metal mesh is equal to the length of the support column 24, and the fold width gradually increases from the inner layer to the outer layer. A ring is set around the inclined surface of the support column 24 and the base 23 to form a structure in which the upper plane is perpendicular to the support column 24 and the lower plane is parallel to the inclined surface of the base 23. The upper and lower layers of the metal mesh are respectively fixed to the middle ring 22 and the inclined surface of the base 23.

[0046] The working principle of the pressure relief and flame arrestor structure 2 in this embodiment is as follows: During normal operation, the raft plate 25 is in a closed state under the action of the spring 26; when gas and coal dust explode, the explosion pressure accumulates in front of the damper body 1. When the explosion pressure acting on the raft plate 25 is greater than the clamping force generated by the spring 26, the raft plate 25 opens, and the pressure generated by the explosion is released through the gaps in the metal wire mesh 27. The explosion flame is quenched under the heat absorption effect of the metal wire mesh 27, playing a dual role of pressure relief and flame arrestor; after the explosion ends, the explosion pressure accumulated in front of the damper body 1 is released, and the explosion pressure acting on the raft plate 25 gradually becomes less than the clamping force of the spring 26, returning to the closed state, effectively preventing airflow.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Unlike Example 1, as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the damper body 1 includes a door frame 11 embedded in the pressure-bearing inner wall, two door leaves 12 respectively mounted on the left and right sides of the door frame 11 via hinge devices 13, and a linkage balance mechanism 14 distributed at both ends on the two door leaves 12 to apply resistance to the door leaves 12 so that the door leaves 12 are in a normally closed state; an observation window is provided on the door leaves 12, through which the accumulation of coal dust or ash inside the pressure relief fire arrestor explosion-proof damper and the condition of the pressure relief fire arrestor explosion-proof damper can be monitored in real time, and problems inside the pressure relief fire arrestor explosion-proof damper can be detected in time, and timely cleaning and maintenance can be carried out to ensure the normal use of the pressure relief fire arrestor explosion-proof damper.

[0049] Preferably, in order to keep the damper in a normally closed state and prevent it from being opened at the same time during use, the linkage balance mechanism 14 includes a left support arm 141 located on a door leaf 12 on the left side of the door frame 11, a right support arm 142 located on a door leaf 12 on the right side of the door frame 11, and a drive rod 143 with its two ends hinged to the left support arm 141 and the right support arm 142 respectively.

[0050] Preferably, a counterweight 145 is provided on the left support arm 141 via a pulley rope assembly 144; the counterweight 145 can be used to increase the resistance when opening the door, just to ensure that the damper is in a normally closed state.

[0051] It should be noted that the number of pressure relief flame arresters 2 is not limited and can be selected according to the actual situation; in this embodiment, 8 pressure relief flame arresters 2 are installed.

[0052] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof ventilation door, comprising: The damper body (1) and the pressure relief and fire arrestor structure (2) provided on the damper body. The feature is that the damper body (1) is provided with an installation groove for setting up a pressure relief and fire arrestor structure (2); the pressure relief and fire arrestor structure (2) includes a top cover (21) and a middle ring (22) respectively set on the damper body (1) and located inside and outside the installation groove, a base (23) set on the side of the middle ring (22) away from the damper body (1) by a support column (24), a raft plate (25) set on the side of the base (23) close to the middle ring (22) and located in the installation groove by a spring (26) for sealing the installation groove, and a metal wire mesh (27) wrapped around the outside of the support column (24) and located between the middle ring (22) and the base (23); The spring (26) is a conical compression spring, and its inner diameter gradually increases from the side near the base (23) to the side near the raft plate (25); the metal wire mesh (27) is a frame structure, which is fixed to the middle ring (22) on the side near the middle ring (22), fixed to the base (23) on the side near the base (23), and closely attached to the support column (24) on the side near the support column (24). During normal operation, the raft plate (25) is closed under the action of the spring (26), effectively preventing airflow. During the explosion, the explosion pressure causes the raft plate (25) to open and the explosion pressure is released from the gap of the wire mesh (27), while the explosion flame is quenched by the heat absorption of the wire mesh (27). The top cover (21) and the middle ring (22) have the same structure and are arranged opposite to each other; the top cover (21) and the middle ring (22) each include an upper rectangular ring (201) and a lower rectangular ring (202) arranged on the upper rectangular ring (201) and integral with the upper rectangular ring (201); the upper rectangular ring (201) and the lower rectangular ring (202) have an L-shaped longitudinal section in side view; the thickness of the lower rectangular ring (202) is 1:2 with the thickness of the damper body (1), and the lower rectangular ring (202) of the top cover (21) and the lower rectangular ring (202) of the middle ring (22) constitute a filling ring; the outer wall of the filling ring is in contact with the inner wall of the mounting groove; The base (23) is provided with a chamfered groove (230) on the side near the middle ring (22); The raft plate (25) includes a front windward plate (251) and a lateral windward plate (252) arranged around the perimeter (253) of the front windward plate (251); the front windward plate (251) is arranged on the base (23) by the spring (26).

2. The mine pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The damper body (1) includes a door frame (11) embedded in the pressure-bearing inner wall, two door leaves (12) respectively set on the left and right sides of the door frame (11) by hinge devices (13), and a linkage balance mechanism (14) distributed at both ends on the two door leaves (12) and used to apply resistance to the door leaves (12) so that the door leaves (12) are in a normally closed state; the door leaves (12) are provided with observation windows.

3. A mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The linkage balance mechanism (14) includes a left support arm (141) located on a door leaf (12) on the left side of the door frame (11), a right support arm (142) located on a door leaf (12) on the right side of the door frame (11), and a drive rod (143) hinged at both ends to the left support arm (141) and the right support arm (142) respectively.

4. A mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A counterweight (145) is mounted on the left support arm (141) via a pulley rope assembly (144).

5. A mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The chamfer angle of the chamfered groove (230) is 60°.

6. A mine-use pressure relief, fire-arresting, and explosion-proof air door as described in claim 1, characterized in that, There are 12 to 20 support columns (24), which are evenly distributed on the four sides of the base (23) near the middle ring (22).

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