A movable spline connection mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a movable spline connection mechanism, which includes an input shaft. The front end of the input shaft is spline-connected with a connecting sleeve. The front end of a fixing bolt is internally spline-connected with an output shaft. The output shaft can axially move within the connecting sleeve. A gland is sleeved on the outer side of the output shaft. By setting the connecting sleeve and making the length of the internal spline groove in the connecting sleeve greater than the length of the external spline on the output shaft, the output shaft and the input shaft can not only effectively transmit rotational speed and torque, but also enable the output shaft to axially displace relative to the input shaft. Thus, relative movement can be carried out between the two connection mechanisms while maintaining torque transmission. Under the restriction of the gland, the input shaft and the output shaft always maintain a coaxial state, thereby ensuring the transmission accuracy and enabling it to be used in the transmission between connecting parts that need to transmit a large torque.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and specifically relates to a movable spline connection mechanism. Background Art

[0002] Spline transmission is a type of mechanical transmission, mainly used to transmit mechanical torque. The outer surface of the shaft has longitudinal key grooves, and the rotating parts sleeved on the shaft also have corresponding key grooves, which can keep synchronous rotation with the shaft.

[0003] Patent CN212839018U discloses a spline connection assembly, including a first spline connection shaft and a second spline connection shaft. The tail end face of the first spline connection shaft is provided with an installation hole, and the inner wall of the installation hole is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped key grooves arranged along the inner wall. The front end of the second spline connection shaft is a connection part, and a plurality of splines arranged on the surface of the cylindrical body are provided on the connection part. The front end connection part of the second spline connection shaft is inserted into the installation hole at the tail end of the first spline connection shaft, and the splines and the strip-shaped key grooves cooperate with each other. This spline connection assembly effectively improves the connection stability, avoids the safety hazard of slipping, and is convenient for installation and disassembly, improving the later maintenance efficiency and having high practicability. Patent CN211202651U discloses a spline connection centering structure, including a half shaft. The half shaft is coaxial with the planetary gear bracket and its axial end face is relatively fixed to the planetary gear bracket. An axle head, an internal gear ring, a hub assembly and a brake assembly are sequentially sleeved on the half shaft from inside to outside. The axle head and the brake assembly are relatively fixed to the half shaft. One end inner side of the internal gear ring is meshed with the axle head through a spline pair and axially locked, and a planetary gear is meshed between the other end inner side of the internal gear ring and the half shaft. A protrusion is radially provided on the circumferential outer wall on one side of the spline pair of the axle head. The protrusion is in clearance fit with the circumferential inner wall of the internal gear ring. In this patent, the spline pair has high coaxiality, the planetary gear train meshes stably, and the assembly and disassembly inspection of the planetary gear reduction structure are convenient.

[0004] Many mechanical connection mechanisms, especially those that need to transmit large torques, often require relative axial movement between the connecting parts, but this relative movement cannot affect the transmission accuracy and transmission torque, and it is difficult to ensure reliability. Therefore, a reliable connection mechanism is needed to solve the above problems.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background art section is only intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and should not be regarded as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information constitutes prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable spline connection mechanism to solve the above problems of the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a movable spline connection mechanism, including an input shaft, the front end of the input shaft is spline-connected with a connection sleeve, a fixing bolt is sleeved inside the connection sleeve, the fixing bolt fixes the connection sleeve at the end position of the input shaft, the front end of the connection sleeve is internally spline-connected with an output shaft, the output shaft can axially move inside the connection sleeve, a gland is sleeved outside the output shaft, the gland is fixed at the front end of the connection sleeve by bolts, a thimble is threadedly connected at the rear end position of the output shaft, the rear end of the thimble penetrates through the housing of the connection sleeve and is installed with a photoelectric displacement sensor, a reference block is installed on the outer surface of the connection sleeve corresponding to the position of the photoelectric displacement sensor, and the detection end of the photoelectric displacement sensor is in contact with the bottom surface of the reference block.

[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of external spline grooves are provided on the peripheral surface of the front end of the input shaft, the inside of the connection sleeve is in a stepped cavity structure that is larger at the front and smaller at the rear, and a plurality of internal splines are provided on the inner wall of the rear end of the connection sleeve, and the internal splines can be inserted into the external spline grooves.

[0009] In the technical solution of the present invention, a threaded hole is provided on the front end surface of the input shaft, the fixing bolt is threadedly connected with the threaded hole, and when the connection sleeve is installed at the end of the input shaft, the root of the bolt head of the fixing bolt abuts against the step inside the connection sleeve.

[0010] In the technical solution of the present invention, a terminal shaft is provided at the rear end of the output shaft, a plurality of external splines are provided on the peripheral surface of the terminal shaft, a plurality of internal spline grooves are provided on the inner wall of the front end of the connection sleeve, the length of the internal spline grooves is greater than the length of the external splines, and when the terminal shaft is inserted into the front end of the connection sleeve, the external splines can be inserted into the internal spline grooves.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, an avoidance cavity is provided at the end of the terminal shaft, and the outer diameter of the avoidance cavity is greater than the outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, the middle part of the gland is hollow, the output shaft penetrates through the gland, a pair of through positioning holes are provided on the end surface of the gland, a pair of pin holes are provided on the peripheral surface of the front end surface of the connection sleeve, the positions of the pin holes are aligned with the positions of the positioning holes, and a pin shaft is inserted between the positioning holes and the pin holes.

[0013] In the technical solution of the present invention, a jack is provided at the front end position of the connection sleeve, the jack horizontally penetrates through the connection sleeve, the thimble is sleeved in the jack, and the rear end of the thimble is threadedly connected with the rear end of one of the external splines.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, a first shaft hole is further provided on the rear end face of the input shaft, a clearance hole is provided in the middle of the fixing bolt, a second shaft hole is further provided on the rear end face of the output shaft, a positioning shaft is inserted between the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole, and the length of the positioning shaft is less than the sum of the depths of the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. In the present invention, by providing a connecting sleeve between the input shaft and the output shaft and making the length of the internal spline groove in the connecting sleeve greater than the length of the external spline on the output shaft, the output shaft and the input shaft can not only effectively transmit rotational speed and torque, but also the output shaft can perform axial displacement relative to the input shaft, enabling relative movement between the two connecting mechanisms while maintaining torque transmission. Under the limitation of the gland, the input shaft and the output shaft always maintain a coaxial state, thus ensuring the transmission accuracy and enabling it to be used in the transmission between connecting parts that need to transmit large torques.

[0017] 2. In the present invention, by providing a thimble on the output shaft and a reference block installed on the connecting sleeve, and at the same time installing a photoelectric displacement sensor at the tail of the thimble, when the output shaft moves axially relative to the input shaft, the displacement distance of the photoelectric displacement sensor relative to the reference block can reflect the movement distance of the output shaft, achieving the purpose of detecting the displacement distance of the output shaft relative to the input shaft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the input shaft in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 is an exploded view of the connecting sleeve in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the connecting sleeve in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the fixing bolt in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the output shaft in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 9 It is the structural diagram of the gland in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 It is the structural diagram of the ejector pin in the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0029] 1 - input shaft; 11 - external spline groove; 12 - threaded hole; 13 - first shaft hole;

[0030] 2 - connecting sleeve; 21 - internal spline; 22 - internal spline groove; 23 - jack; 24 - pin hole; 25 - reference block;

[0031] 3 - fixing bolt; 31 - clearance hole;

[0032] 4 - output shaft; 41 - end shaft; 411 - clearance cavity; 412 - second shaft hole; 42 - external spline;

[0033] 5 - gland; 51 - positioning hole;

[0034] 6 - ejector pin; 61 - photoelectric displacement sensor;

[0035] 7 - pin shaft;

[0036] 8 - positioning shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Next, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the detailed implementation manners of the present invention will be described in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the detailed implementation manners.

[0038] Unless otherwise clearly stated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" or its variants such as "including" or "having" etc. will be understood to include the stated elements or components, without excluding other elements or other components.

[0039] Referring to Figures 1 - 10 , the movable spline connection mechanism of the present invention includes an input shaft 1. The front end of the input shaft 1 is spline - connected to a connecting sleeve 2. A fixing bolt 3 is sleeved inside the connecting sleeve 2. The fixing bolt 3 fixes the connecting sleeve 2 at the end position of the input shaft 1. The front end of the connecting sleeve 2 is internally spline - connected to an output shaft 4. The output shaft 4 can axially move inside the connecting sleeve 2. A gland 5 is sleeved outside the output shaft 4. The gland 5 is fixed to the front end of the connecting sleeve 2 by bolts.

[0040] In the present invention, a plurality of external spline grooves 11 are provided on the peripheral surface of the front end of the input shaft 1. The interior of the connecting sleeve 2 has a stepped cavity structure that is larger at the front and smaller at the rear. A plurality of internal splines 21 are provided on the inner wall of the rear end of the connecting sleeve 2. The internal splines 21 can be inserted into the external spline grooves 11, enabling the front end of the input shaft 1 and the rear end of the connecting sleeve 2 to be spline-connected under the action of the internal splines 21 and the external spline grooves 11, so that the input shaft 1 can drive the connecting sleeve 2 to rotate together when rotating.

[0041] Specifically, a threaded hole 12 is provided on the front end face of the input shaft 1. The fixing bolt 3 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 12. When the connecting sleeve 2 is installed at the end of the input shaft 1, the root of the bolt head of the fixing bolt 3 abuts against the stepped portion inside the connecting sleeve 2. By tightening the fixing bolt 3, the bolt head of the fixing bolt 3 can press the connecting sleeve 2 tightly against the front end of the input shaft 1, fixing the connecting sleeve 2 to the front end of the input shaft 1 through the fixing bolt 3 and preventing the connecting sleeve 2 from falling off the input shaft 1.

[0042] Furthermore, a end shaft 41 is provided at the rear end of the output shaft 4. A plurality of external splines 42 are provided on the peripheral surface of the end shaft 41. A plurality of internal spline grooves 22 are provided on the inner wall of the front end of the connecting sleeve 2. When the end shaft 41 is inserted into the front end of the connecting sleeve 2, the external splines 42 can be inserted into the internal spline grooves 22, enabling the output shaft 4 and the connecting sleeve 2 to be spline-connected under the action of the external splines 42 and the internal spline grooves 22. The connecting sleeve 2 can drive the output shaft 4 to rotate when rotating, enabling the output torque of the input shaft 1 to be transmitted to the output shaft 4 through the connecting sleeve 2.

[0043] In addition, the length of the internal spline grooves 22 is greater than the length of the external splines 42, enabling the external splines 42 to axially displace within the internal spline grooves 22, so that the output shaft 4 can axially displace relative to the input shaft 1 and can be used in the transmission between connectors that need to transmit a large torque. An avoidance cavity 411 is provided at the end of the end shaft 41. The outer diameter of the avoidance cavity 411 is greater than the outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt 3, so that when the output shaft 4 displaces relative to the input shaft 1, the bolt head of the fixing bolt 3 will not touch the output shaft 4, enabling the output shaft 4 to move smoothly relative to the input shaft 1.

[0044] It should be noted that the middle part of the gland 5 is hollow. The output shaft 4 penetrates the gland 5. The inner diameter of the gland 5 is smaller than the outer diameter of the end shaft 41. When the gland 5 is fixed to the front end of the connecting sleeve 2, the gland 5 restricts the end shaft 41 inside the connecting sleeve 2, preventing the output shaft 4 from disengaging from the connecting sleeve 2.

[0045] It should be noted that a pair of through positioning holes 51 are provided on the end face of the gland 5, and a pair of pin holes 24 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the front end face of the connecting sleeve 2. The positions of the pin holes 24 are aligned with the positions of the positioning holes 51. A pin shaft 7 is inserted between the positioning hole 51 and the pin hole 24. After installing the gland 5 at the front end of the connecting sleeve 2, by using the pin shaft 7 to sequentially penetrate the positioning hole 51 and the pin hole 24, the relative position between the gland 5 and the connecting sleeve 2 can be fixed by the pin shaft 7, so that the connecting sleeve 2 and the gland 5 can always be in a coaxial state, avoiding the occurrence of non-coaxial conditions between the output shaft 4 and the input shaft 1 due to misalignment between the gland 5 and the connecting sleeve 2 caused by vibration.

[0046] In the above solution, in order to enable people to intuitively understand the movement distance of the output shaft 4 relative to the input shaft 1, a thimble 6 is threadedly connected to the rear end position of the output shaft 4. The rear end of the thimble 6 penetrates the outer shell of the connecting sleeve 2 and is installed with a photoelectric displacement sensor 61. A jack 23 is provided at the front end position of the connecting sleeve 2. The jack 23 horizontally penetrates the connecting sleeve 2. The thimble 6 is sleeved in the jack 23. The rear end of the thimble 6 is threadedly connected to the rear end of one of the external splines 42. When the output shaft 4 moves axially relative to the input shaft 1, the output shaft 4 will drive the thimble 6 to move together.

[0047] Specifically, a reference block 25 is installed on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 2 corresponding to the position of the photoelectric displacement sensor 61. The detection end of the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 is in contact with the bottom surface of the reference block 25. When the output shaft 4 drives the thimble 6 to move, the thimble 6 will drive the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 to move together. The bottom surface of the reference block 25 is a frosted surface. When the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 moves relative to the reference block 25, the light signal reflected back after the light source of the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 irradiates the frosted surface will be converted into an electrical signal. Thus, the displacement can be displayed according to the change of the reflected signal. By connecting the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 to a wireless module, the data can be wirelessly transmitted to a display device, enabling people to intuitively understand the position change of the output shaft 4 relative to the input shaft 1.

[0048] Furthermore, in order to make the coaxial accuracy between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 more precise and prevent eccentricity between the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4, a first shaft hole 13 is further provided on the rear end face of the input shaft 1. A clearance hole 31 is provided in the middle of the fixing bolt 3. A second shaft hole 412 is further provided on the rear end face of the output shaft 4. A positioning shaft 8 is inserted between the first shaft hole 13 and the second shaft hole 412, so that the end parts of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 are respectively sleeved at both ends of the positioning shaft 8. Thus, under the action of the positioning shaft 8, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 can be kept in a coaxial state, preventing the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 from shifting.

[0049] In addition, the length of the positioning shaft 8 is less than the sum of the depths of the first shaft hole 13 and the second shaft hole 412. While the positioning shaft 8 restricts the coaxial state of the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4, the output shaft 4 can smoothly move relative to the input shaft 1, avoiding the situation where the output shaft 4 is blocked by the positioning shaft 8 and cannot move relative to the input shaft 1 normally.

[0050] The working principle of the movable spline connection mechanism of the present invention is specifically as follows:

[0051] First, as the input shaft 1 rotates, the input shaft 1 drives the connecting sleeve 2 to rotate under the action of the external spline groove 11 and the internal spline 21. At the same time, under the action of the external spline 42 and the internal spline groove 22, the output shaft 4 and the connecting sleeve 2 can be spline-connected, so that the connecting sleeve 2 can drive the output shaft 4 to rotate when rotating, so that the output torque of the input shaft 1 can be transmitted to the output shaft 4 through the connecting sleeve 2. Then, since the length of the internal spline groove 22 is greater than the length of the external spline 42, the external spline 42 can perform axial displacement in the internal spline groove 22, so that the output shaft 4 can perform axial displacement relative to the input shaft 1, and can be used in the transmission between connectors that need to transmit a large torque. Finally, as the output shaft 4 moves axially relative to the input shaft 1, the output shaft 4 will drive the thimble 6 to move together, so that the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 on the thimble 6 moves relative to the reference block 25. At this time, under the photoelectric signal conversion of the photoelectric displacement sensor 61, the photoelectric displacement sensor 61 obtains the displacement distance of the output shaft 4, and the data can be wirelessly transmitted to the display device, enabling people to intuitively understand the position change of the output shaft 4 relative to the input shaft 1.

[0052] The foregoing description of the specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for purposes of illustration and exemplification. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and obviously, many changes and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, so that those skilled in the art can implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention as well as various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A movable spline connection mechanism, comprising an input shaft (1), characterized in that: The front end of the input shaft (1) is splined with a connecting sleeve (2). A fixing bolt (3) is sleeved inside the connecting sleeve (2). The fixing bolt (3) fixes the connecting sleeve (2) at the end position of the input shaft (1). The front end of the connecting sleeve (2) is internally splined with an output shaft (4). The output shaft (4) can axially move inside the connecting sleeve (2). A gland (5) is sleeved outside the output shaft (4). The gland (5) is fixed to the front end of the connecting sleeve (2) by bolts. A thimble (6) is threadedly connected to the rear end position of the output shaft (4). The rear end of the thimble (6) penetrates through the outer shell of the connecting sleeve (2) and is installed with a photoelectric displacement sensor (61). A reference block (25) is installed on the outer surface of the connecting sleeve (2) corresponding to the position of the photoelectric displacement sensor (61). The detection end of the photoelectric displacement sensor (61) is in contact with the bottom surface of the reference block (25); Threaded holes (12) are provided on the front end face of the input shaft (1). The fixing bolt (3) is threadedly connected to the threaded holes (12). When the connecting sleeve (2) is installed at the end of the input shaft (1), the root of the bolt head of the fixing bolt (3) abuts against the stepped portion inside the connecting sleeve (2); A terminal shaft (41) is provided at the rear end of the output shaft (4). A plurality of external splines (42) are provided on the peripheral surface of the terminal shaft (41). A plurality of internal spline grooves (22) are provided on the inner wall of the front end of the connecting sleeve (2). The length of the internal spline grooves (22) is greater than the length of the external splines (42). When the terminal shaft (41) is inserted into the front end of the connecting sleeve (2), the external splines (42) can be inserted into the internal spline grooves (22); An avoidance cavity (411) is provided at the end of the terminal shaft (41). The outer diameter of the avoidance cavity (411) is greater than the outer diameter of the bolt head of the fixing bolt (3); A jack hole (23) is provided at the front end position of the connecting sleeve (2). The jack hole (23) horizontally penetrates the connecting sleeve (2). The thimble (6) is sleeved in the jack hole (23). The rear end of the thimble (6) is threadedly connected to the rear end of one of the external splines (42).

2. The movable spline connection mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of external spline grooves (11) are provided on the peripheral surface of the front end of the input shaft (1). The inside of the connecting sleeve (2) has a stepped cavity structure that is larger at the front and smaller at the rear. A plurality of internal splines (21) are provided on the inner wall of the rear end of the connecting sleeve (2). The internal splines (21) can be inserted into the external spline grooves (11).

3. The movable spline connection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle part of the gland (5) is hollow. The output shaft (4) penetrates the gland (5). A pair of through positioning holes (51) are provided on the end face of the gland (5). A pair of pin holes (24) are provided on the peripheral surface of the front end face of the connecting sleeve (2). The positions of the pin holes (24) are aligned with the positions of the positioning holes (51). A pin shaft (7) is inserted between the positioning holes (51) and the pin holes (24).

4. The movable spline connection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first shaft hole (13) is also formed on the rear end face of the input shaft (1), a clearance hole (31) is formed in the middle of the fixing bolt (3), a second shaft hole (412) is also formed on the rear end face of the output shaft (4), a positioning shaft (8) is inserted between the first shaft hole (13) and the second shaft hole (412), and the length of the positioning shaft (8) is less than the sum of the depths of the first shaft hole (13) and the second shaft hole (412).

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