Burying device and burying osmometer

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water seepage pressure measurement, in particular to a burying device for an underwater tunnel environment and a buried seepage pressure gauge. The burying device can realize the sealing of a second sealing section and a lining drill hole after the water-stopping cavity tube is punched into the lining drill hole, the first sealing section can also realize the sealing of the lining drill hole under the condition that water pressure increases, and the sealing performance and friction performance of the first sealing section and the second sealing section increase with the increase of water pressure, thus achieving the effect of self-locking in water to a certain extent. The burying device has stronger anti-seepage performance with greater water pressure, solves the problem of water pressure monitoring of the outer ring of the tunnel lining, can twist off the cover from the water-stopping cavity tube while monitoring the water pressure in real time, and can use the water-stopping cavity tube as a pressure relief hole, thereby reducing the design of the pressure relief hole and avoiding the adverse effects of excessive drilling on the tunnel lining.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of seepage pressure measurement technology, and more specifically, to an embedded device and an embedded piezometer for use in underwater tunnel environments. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Long-term use of tunnels can lead to various hazards, among which water leakage in the tunnel lining is relatively common. Water leakage can cause steel reinforcement corrosion, reducing the lining's load-bearing capacity. Leaking water flowing onto the road surface can cause slippery conditions, affecting driving safety, especially in underwater tunnels. Because water leakage poses a significant safety hazard, real-time water pressure monitoring can be used for early warning, playing a crucial role in ensuring tunnel safety. Piezometer installation methods include drilling a hole in the ground above the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel lining and then burying the piezometer for water pressure measurement; or drilling a hole first, placing the piezometer, and then sealing it with bentonite or concrete. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, this application provides an installation device and an embedded piezometer to solve one or more technical problems in the related art, which is achieved as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an embedding device, the embedding device comprising:

[0006] A water-blocking cavity tube is used to be placed in the lining borehole, and the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube is used to insert a piezometer.

[0007] Resilient seals, including:

[0008] The first sealing section is sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the water-blocking cavity pipe and is sealed to the outer pipe wall.

[0009] The second sealing section includes a sealing part for sealing connection with the lining borehole. The second sealing section is sleeved on the outer pipe wall and extends in a direction away from the first sealing section. The elastic sealing element forms a sealing cavity with the outer pipe wall. The sealing cavity has a first opening facing the surrounding rock.

[0010] The water-blocking cavity pipe and the elastic sealing element are configured such that, after the water-blocking cavity pipe is placed in the lining borehole, the sealing part is squeezed by the lining borehole to form a first seal and a first frictional force with the lining borehole; seepage water from the surrounding rock forms water pressure in the sealing cavity through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the sealing part; as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the sealing part and the lining borehole increases accordingly, thereby improving the sealing performance of the first seal between the sealing part and the lining borehole to prevent seepage water from leaking from the lining borehole due to the increased water pressure; the pressure between the sealing part and the lining borehole increases accordingly, thereby increasing the first frictional force to prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe from escaping from the lining borehole during the gradual increase of water pressure.

[0011] In some embodiments, a deformation portion is formed between the first sealing section and the second sealing section, the deformation portion and the lining borehole form a deformation cavity, the deformation cavity has a second opening, the second opening being away from the surrounding rock direction;

[0012] The water-blocking cavity pipe and the elastic seal are also configured such that: seepage water from the surrounding rock forms water pressure in the sealing cavity through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the deformable part; as the water pressure increases, air is discharged from the second opening and the deformable part gradually moves towards the lining borehole and comes into contact with the lining borehole to form a second frictional force; and as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the deformable part and the lining borehole increases accordingly, thereby increasing the second frictional force, so as to further prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe from escaping from the lining borehole during the gradual increase of water pressure.

[0013] In some embodiments, a deformation portion is formed between the first sealing section and the second sealing section, the deformation portion and the lining borehole form a deformation cavity, the deformation cavity has a second opening, the second opening being away from the surrounding rock direction;

[0014] The water-blocking cavity pipe and the elastic seal are also configured such that: seepage water from the surrounding rock forms water pressure in the sealing cavity through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the deformable part; as the water pressure increases, air is discharged from the second opening and the deformable part gradually moves towards the lining borehole and abuts against the lining borehole to form a second seal; and as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the deformable part and the lining borehole increases accordingly, thereby improving the sealing performance of the second seal between the deformable part and the lining borehole, so as to further prevent the increased water pressure from causing seepage water to leak from the lining borehole.

[0015] In some embodiments, the water-blocking cavity pipe further includes a limiting member, which is sleeved on the outer pipe wall and has a third opening for accommodating the first sealing section, the third opening facing the surrounding rock; when the first sealing section is placed in the third opening, the first sealing section is squeezed by the third opening to form a third seal, so as to prevent water leakage from the first sealing section and the third opening, which would cause depressurization of the sealing cavity and water leakage from the lining borehole.

[0016] In some embodiments, the distance between adjacent limiting members is set such that when the second sealing segment connected to the rear limiting member extends, there is a gap between it and the front limiting member, so as to facilitate placing the water-blocking cavity pipe into the lining borehole.

[0017] In some embodiments, the number of elastic seals is multiple, and the multiple elastic seals are arranged along the axis of the water-blocking cavity tube and used to form multiple seals with the lining borehole to improve sealing reliability and the stability of the water-blocking cavity tube in the lining borehole.

[0018] In some embodiments, the sealing portion includes a sealing surface for sealing with the lining borehole, the shape of the sealing surface being adapted to the lining borehole;

[0019] After the water-blocking cavity pipe is placed in the lining borehole, the sealing surface fits into the lining borehole to form the first seal and the first friction force with the lining borehole.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first sealing section is cylindrical and the second sealing section is funnel-shaped;

[0021] After the water-blocking cavity pipe is placed in the lining borehole, the second sealing section is squeezed and contracted by the lining borehole, and the sealing part is squeezed by the lining borehole to form the first seal and the first friction force with the lining borehole.

[0022] In some embodiments, the water-blocking cavity tube is provided with a seepage inlet hole, which is located below the sealing cavity and has a gap with the sealing cavity to prevent water pressure in the sealing cavity from depressurizing before the water-blocking cavity tube is filled with seepage water; the seepage inlet hole is used to reduce or prevent debris from entering the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube, and the seepage water enters the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube through the seepage inlet hole for water pressure detection by a piezometer.

[0023] Embodiments of this application provide another embedding device, which includes:

[0024] A water-blocking cavity tube is used to be placed in a lining borehole; the water-blocking cavity tube is connected to a fixing member, which is fixed by connecting to the lining working surface;

[0025] A piezometer sleeve is fixed inside the water-blocking cavity tube, and the piezometer is installed inside the piezometer sleeve;

[0026] Resilient seals, including:

[0027] The first sealing section is sleeved on the outer pipe wall of the water-blocking cavity pipe and is sealed to the outer pipe wall.

[0028] The second sealing section includes a sealing part for sealing connection with the lining borehole. The second sealing section is sleeved on the outer pipe wall and extends in a direction away from the first sealing section. The elastic seal and the outer pipe wall form a sealing cavity. The sealing cavity has a first opening facing the surrounding rock.

[0029] In some embodiments, the piezometer sleeve includes a cylindrical body, a fixed cylinder is connected to the bottom end of the cylindrical body, the diameter of the cylindrical body is larger than the diameter of the fixed cylinder, the piezometer is installed inside the fixed cylinder, and the fixed cylinder abuts against the piezometer and provides support for the piezometer.

[0030] In some embodiments, a seepage inlet hole is provided at the bottom end of the water-blocking cavity tube. The seepage inlet hole is used to reduce or prevent debris from entering the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube. Seepage water enters the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube through the seepage inlet hole to power the piezometer.

[0031] In some embodiments, the fixed cylinder is provided with a plurality of drainage holes to further reduce or prevent debris from entering the interior of the fixed cylinder.

[0032] In some embodiments, a cap is connected to the top end of the water-blocking cavity tube to block any seepage inside the water-blocking cavity tube, and the cap prevents the piezometer sleeve from being squeezed out of the tube opening after the piezometer sleeve is placed in the water-blocking cavity tube.

[0033] In some embodiments, the water-blocking cavity tube and the cap are connected by threads to prevent the water-blocking cavity tube from separating from the cap when the water pressure increases.

[0034] In some embodiments, the cover is provided with a wiring hole, through which the cable connected to the piezometer extends out of the lining working surface.

[0035] In some embodiments, the top of the cap is provided with a protrusion, the shape of which is adapted to a wrench to facilitate the wrench in screwing the cap in or out.

[0036] In some embodiments, an adhesive strip is provided on the inner wall of the water-blocking cavity tube, the adhesive strip being used to limit the piezometer sleeve when the piezometer sleeve is inserted into the water-blocking cavity tube;

[0037] The rubber strip is trapezoidal in shape and open relative to the direction in which the piezometer sleeve is inserted into the water-blocking cavity tube. The upper base of the trapezoid is in surface contact with the piezometer sleeve.

[0038] In some embodiments, the water-blocking cavity pipe is an internally hollow metal pipe, and the outer pipe wall is provided with a double layer of the elastic sealing element;

[0039] The opening of the water-blocking cavity pipe is provided with a metal disc as a fixing component. The metal disc is threadedly connected to the cap, and the expansion bolts fix the metal disc to the lining to prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe from rotating when the cap is screwed in or out.

[0040] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a buried piezometer, including the burial device described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect, and a piezometer. The burial device further includes a piezometer sleeve, which is placed inside the water-blocking cavity pipe, and the piezometer is placed inside the piezometer sleeve.

[0041] The beneficial effects of some embodiments of this application are:

[0042] The installation device of this application achieves a seal between the second sealing section and the lining borehole after the water-blocking cavity pipe is driven into the lining borehole. Under increased water pressure, the first sealing section can also achieve a seal with the lining borehole. Furthermore, the sealing performance and friction performance of both the first and second sealing sections increase with increasing water pressure, achieving a self-locking effect to a certain extent. Additionally, the water pressure acts on the second sealing section forming the sealing cavity; as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the second sealing section and the lining borehole also increases, thereby improving the seal and friction between the second sealing section and the lining borehole, preventing the water-blocking cavity pipe from leaking out of the lining borehole as the water pressure gradually increases.

[0043] The buried device of this application has a stronger anti-seepage performance as the water pressure increases, which solves the problem of monitoring the outer ring water pressure of tunnel lining. At the same time, it can unscrew the cap from the water-blocking cavity pipe while monitoring the water pressure in real time. The water-blocking cavity pipe can also be used as a pressure relief hole, which reduces the design of pressure relief holes and avoids the adverse effects of excessive drilling on tunnel lining.

[0044] In some embodiments of this application, multiple elastic seals face the water-facing side, i.e., the surrounding rock, and are self-locking when exposed to water. The installation device can be installed stably even under the scouring action of high water pressure. At the same time, the greater the water pressure, the stronger the seepage prevention performance and the stronger the water blocking ability.

[0045] In some embodiments of this application, compared with the traditional method of burying piezometers, there is no need for filling or grouting to plug the holes. The water-blocking cavity pipe can be used simply by driving it into the lining borehole, which is easy to install.

[0046] In some embodiments of this application, compared to the traditional method of burying piezometers and then using bentonite or concrete to block the orifice, which makes it inconvenient to remove the piezometers later when they are damaged or fail, resulting in "bad holes", the burying device of this application can replace the damaged piezometers in a timely manner by opening and closing the cover multiple times, making replacement convenient.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, when the monitored water pressure reaches the warning value, the cap can be unscrewed to remove the piezometer sleeve and piezometer, which can be used as a pressure relief hole during the train operation window, thereby avoiding multiple drilling on the lining and damaging the lining structure.

[0048] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this application. Other features of this application will become readily apparent from the following description. Those skilled in the art will gain a greater understanding of the above and other objects, advantages, and features of this application from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0049] The following sections will describe some specific embodiments of this application in detail by way of example and not limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are provided for a better understanding of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. The same reference numerals in the drawings indicate the same or similar parts or components. Those skilled in the art should understand that these drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. In the drawings:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embedding device according to some embodiments of this application.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the installation device and the lining borehole in some embodiments of this application.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation relationship between the piezometer sleeve and the piezometer in some embodiments of this application.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation device being installed in the lining borehole according to some embodiments of this application.

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic seal in some other embodiments of this application.

[0055] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0056] 110-Water-blocking cavity pipe, 111-Outer pipe wall, 112-Inner pipe wall, 113-Rubber strip, 114-Metal disc, 114a-Internal thread, 115-Expansion bolt, 116-Water seepage inlet hole, 117-Limiting component.

[0057] 120 - Elastic seal, 121 - First sealing section, 122 - Second sealing section, 122a - Sealing part, 123 - Sealing cavity, 124 - Deformation cavity.

[0058] 130-Pyrometer sleeve, 131-Cylinder body, 132-Fixed cylinder, 133-Cap, 133a-External thread, 133b-Wire routing hole.

[0059] 20 - Piezometer, 210 - Cable.

[0060] 30 - Lining; 310 - Lining borehole.

[0061] 40 - Surrounding rock.

[0062] 50 - Interface between lining and surrounding rock.

[0063] 60 - Lining working face. Detailed Implementation

[0064] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including many details of the embodiments of this application to aid understanding. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of this application and should be considered merely exemplary, not all possible implementations. Similarly, for clarity and conciseness, some descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0065] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class, not limiting the number of objects; for example, the first object can be one or more. In this application, "or / and," "and / or" indicates that the object is at least one of them, and "or" indicates that the object is one of them. In this application, "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "vertical," "high," and "low" are mainly used to better describe this application and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. The term "multiple" means two or more. In the description of this application, the terms "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0066] Exemplary application scenarios

[0067] Before introducing the technical solutions of this application, we will first introduce exemplary application scenarios of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0068] As mentioned above, the piezometer 20 can be installed by drilling a hole in the ground above the tunnel to the outside of the tunnel lining 30, and then installing the piezometer 20 for water pressure measurement; or by drilling a hole first to place the piezometer 20, and then sealing it with bentonite or concrete. Both of these methods are difficult to use when there is high water pressure in the outer ring of the tunnel, especially in underwater tunnel environments. Furthermore, under high water pressure, bentonite or concrete cannot completely block the water; the water will flush out the fine aggregate in the hole, forming a seepage channel. Excessive water pressure may even completely flush out the sealing material, making it impossible to monitor the true water pressure behind the lining 30.

[0069] Exemplary technical solutions

[0070] In this application, the water-blocking cavity tube 110 can be placed in the lining borehole 310, and the piezometer 20 can be placed inside the water-blocking cavity tube 110. Thus, on the one hand, the water-blocking cavity tube 110 can be fixed to the lining borehole 310, and on the other hand, the water-blocking cavity tube 110 can be fixed to the piezometer 20, so that the position of the piezometer 20 in the lining borehole 310 can be maintained.

[0071] In this application, the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and the lining borehole 310 are fixed by an elastic sealing member 120: on the one hand, the first sealing section 121 is sleeved on the outer pipe wall 111 of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and is sealed to the outer pipe wall 111, thereby achieving relative fixation of the position of the elastic sealing member 120 and the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. Further, the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 also includes a limiting member 117, which is sleeved on the outer pipe wall 111. The limiting member 117 has a third opening for accommodating the first sealing section 121, and the third opening faces the surrounding rock 40. Thus, the limiting member 117 limits the first sealing section 121, preventing the elastic sealing member 120 from being squeezed out of the lining borehole 310. When the first sealing section 121 is placed in the third opening, the first sealing section 121 is squeezed by the third opening to form a third seal, preventing water leakage, especially high-pressure water, from the first sealing section 121 and the third opening, which would cause the sealing cavity 123 to depressurize and prevent water leakage from the lining borehole 310. On the other hand, the sealing portion 122a of the second sealing section 122 is squeezed by the lining borehole 310 to form a first seal and a first frictional force with the lining borehole 310, thereby achieving relative fixation of the elastic seal 120 and the lining borehole 310.

[0072] Fixing the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 to the piezometer 20: On the one hand, in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4In the illustrated embodiment, an adhesive strip 113 is provided on the inner wall 112 of the water-blocking cavity tube 110. The adhesive strip 113 is used to limit the piezometer sleeve 130 when it is placed inside the water-blocking cavity tube 110. The adhesive strip 113 is an elastic element. When the piezometer sleeve 130 is squeezed into the water-blocking cavity tube 110, the adhesive strip 113 undergoes elastic deformation. The multiple adhesive strips 113 on the inner wall of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 can keep the position of the piezometer sleeve 130 from moving within the water-blocking cavity tube 110. When a sufficiently large pulling force is applied to overcome the friction of the adhesive strip 113, the piezometer sleeve 130 can be removed from the water-blocking cavity tube 110. In the illustrated embodiment, the adhesive strip 113 is trapezoidal in shape and open relative to the insertion direction of the piezometer sleeve 130 to facilitate the insertion of the piezometer sleeve 130 into the adhesive strip 113. The trapezoidal upper base makes surface contact with the piezometer sleeve 130, which provides a more secure and limiting effect on the piezometer sleeve 130 compared to the line contact method when the rubber strip 113 is a triangular prism. Furthermore, since the piezometer 20 is installed inside the piezometer sleeve 130, the piezometer 20 will not be squeezed out of the lining borehole 310 unless the piezometer sleeve 130 is squeezed out. In a preferred embodiment, a cap 133 is connected to the opening of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 away from the surrounding rock 40, thereby blocking seepage inside the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. After the piezometer sleeve 130 is placed in the water-blocking cavity pipe 110, the cap 133 prevents the piezometer sleeve 130 from being squeezed out of the opening.

[0073] According to a first aspect of this application, a method is provided as follows: Figure 1 The installation device shown includes:

[0074] A water-blocking cavity tube 110 is used to be placed in the lining borehole 310, and the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 is used to insert a piezometer 20.

[0075] The resilient seal 120 includes:

[0076] The first sealing section 121 is sleeved on the outer pipe wall 111 of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and is sealed to the outer pipe wall 111.

[0077] The second sealing section 122 includes a sealing part 122a for sealing connection with the lining borehole 310. The second sealing section 122 is sleeved on the outer pipe wall 111 and extends in a direction away from the first sealing section 121. The elastic sealing member 120 and the outer pipe wall 111 form a sealing cavity 123. The sealing cavity 123 has a first opening facing the surrounding rock 40.

[0078] See Figure 2The water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and the elastic sealing element 120 are configured such that, after the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 is placed in the lining borehole 310, the sealing part 122a is squeezed by the lining borehole 310, forming a first seal and a first frictional force with the lining borehole 310. Water seeping from the surrounding rock 40 forms water pressure in the sealing cavity 123 through the first opening, and this water pressure acts on the sealing part 122a. As the water pressure increases, the pressure between the sealing part 122a and the lining borehole 310 increases accordingly, thereby improving the sealing performance of the first seal between the sealing part 122a and the lining borehole 310 to prevent the increased water pressure from causing water seepage from the lining borehole 310. The increased pressure between the sealing part 122a and the lining borehole 310 further increases the first frictional force, preventing the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 from leaking out of the lining borehole 310 during the gradual increase of water pressure.

[0079] The first frictional force F = μ * N, where F is the frictional force, μ is the coefficient of friction, and N is the normal pressure acting on the sealing part 122a. It can be seen that as seepage water accumulates in the sealing cavity 123, the water pressure increases accordingly, and the first frictional force F also increases. In the working environment where the water pressure gradually increases, this effectively fixes the position of the elastic seal 120 relative to the lining borehole 310, preventing seepage water from flowing to the road surface through the lining borehole 310 and causing the road surface to become slippery.

[0080] In some embodiments, a deformation portion is formed between the first sealing section 121 and the second sealing section 122, and the deformation portion forms a deformation cavity 124 with the lining borehole 310. The deformation cavity 124 has a second opening, which is away from the surrounding rock 40.

[0081] The water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and the elastic seal 120 are further configured such that seepage water from the surrounding rock 40 forms water pressure in the sealing cavity 123 through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the deformable part. As the water pressure increases, air is discharged from the second opening, and the deformable part gradually moves towards the lining borehole 310 and comes into contact with the lining borehole 310, forming a second frictional force. Furthermore, as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the deformable part and the lining borehole 310 increases, thereby increasing the second frictional force to further prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 from leaking out of the lining borehole 310 during the gradual increase of water pressure.

[0082] In this application, the second frictional force is formed after the first frictional force, and both the first and second frictional forces increase with the increase of water pressure. The second frictional force can supplement the first frictional force, and together they form the resistance between the elastic seal 120 and the lining borehole 310, so as to achieve the effect of relatively fixing the position of the elastic seal 120 and the lining borehole 310.

[0083] The water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and the elastic sealing element 120 are further configured such that seepage water infiltrating from the surrounding rock 40 forms water pressure in the sealing cavity 123 through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the deformable part. As the water pressure increases, air is discharged from the second opening, and the deformable part gradually moves towards the lining borehole 310 and comes into contact with the lining borehole 310 to form a second seal. Furthermore, as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the deformable part and the lining borehole 310 also increases, thereby improving the sealing performance of the second seal between the deformable part and the lining borehole 310, further preventing seepage water from leaking from the lining borehole 310 due to increased water pressure.

[0084] In this application, the second seal is formed after the first seal, and the sealing performance of both the first and second seals increases with the increase of water pressure. The second seal can supplement the first seal and together form a seal between the elastic seal 120 and the lining borehole 310, thereby achieving the effect of preventing water seepage in the lining borehole 310.

[0085] As an illustrative example, the aforementioned second frictional force and second seal can be achieved alone or simultaneously through the inherent elasticity of the elastic seal 120. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 An alternative embodiment of the elastic seal 120 of this application is shown. The deformation portion, the second frictional force, and the second seal are substantially provided by the second sealing section 122, which forms a sealing cavity 123 with the outer pipe wall 111. The first sealing section 121 and the second sealing section 122 form a deformation cavity 124. The first sealing section 121 is cylindrical, and the second sealing section 122 is funnel-shaped. After the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 is placed in the lining borehole 310, the second sealing section 122 is compressed and contracted by the lining borehole 310. The sealing portion 122a is compressed by the lining borehole 310 and forms the first seal and the first frictional force with the lining borehole 310.

[0086] Figure 5 Another alternative embodiment of the resilient seal 120 of this application is shown, wherein the deformation portion, the second frictional force, and the second seal are substantially provided by a first sealing section 121, which forms a sealing cavity 123 with the outer pipe wall 111, and a deformation cavity 124 is formed by the first sealing section 121 and the lining borehole 310. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4The difference lies in that the first sealing section 121 is cylindrical in shape, while the second sealing section 122 is a thicker cylindrical or O-ring shape. The first sealing section 121 is connected to the middle part of the cylindrical or O-ring-shaped second sealing section 122. The outer side of the second sealing section 122 abuts against the lining borehole 310 so that the first sealing section 121 and the lining borehole 310 form a deformation cavity 124, and the first sealing section 121 and the outer wall 111 of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 form a sealing cavity 123. Since the thickness of the first sealing section 121 is smaller than that of the second sealing section 122, the first sealing section 121 is the weak point of the elastic seal 120. Thus, under water pressure, it is easier to form a second seal and a second friction with the lining borehole 310. As the water pressure increases, the contact area between the first sealing section 121 and the lining borehole 310 increases, and the second seal and the second friction increase with the increase of water pressure. The inner side of the second sealing section 122 abuts against the outer pipe wall 111 of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. Multiple through holes can be provided on the inner side of the second sealing section 122, which is used to contact the piezometer sleeve 130, so that water seeping in from the surrounding rock 40 can enter the sealing cavity 123.

[0087] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 The number of elastic seals 120 shown is two, but a certain number of elastic seals 120 can be added as needed. Multiple elastic seals 120 are arranged along the axis of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and form multiple seals with the lining borehole 310, increasing the contact area with the lining borehole 310, thereby improving sealing reliability and the stability of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 within the lining borehole 310. Furthermore, the arrangement of multiple elastic seals 120 creates multiple seals and friction between the elastic seals 120 and the lining borehole 310, further fixing the relative positions of the elastic seals 120 and the lining borehole 310, and preventing water seepage into the lining borehole 310.

[0088] In use, the elastic seal 120 can be pre-compressed and contracted towards the water-blocking cavity tube 110, thereby facilitating the placement of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 into the lining borehole 310. The distance between adjacent limiting members 117 is set such that when the second sealing section 122 connected to the rear limiting member 117 extends, there is a gap between it and the front limiting member 117, so as to facilitate the placement of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 into the lining borehole 310.

[0089] exist Figure 2 , Figure 4In this configuration, the sealing portion 122a includes a sealing surface for sealing with the lining borehole 310, the shape of which is adapted to the lining borehole 310. For example, if the diameter of the lining borehole 310 is small, the curvature of the sealing surface is large; if the diameter of the lining borehole 310 is large, the curvature of the sealing surface is small. Thus, after the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 is placed in the lining borehole 310, the sealing surface fits against the lining borehole 310 to form the first seal and the first frictional force.

[0090] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the water-blocking cavity tube 110 is provided with a seepage inlet hole 116. The seepage inlet hole 116 is located below the sealing cavity 123 and has a gap with the sealing cavity 123 to prevent the water pressure in the sealing cavity 123 from depressurizing before the water-blocking cavity tube 110 is filled with seepage water. The seepage inlet hole 116 is used to reduce or prevent debris from entering the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube 110. Seepage water enters the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 through the seepage inlet hole 116 for water pressure detection by the piezometer 20.

[0091] According to a first aspect of this application, based on the same concept, another embedding device is also provided, the embedding device comprising:

[0092] A water-blocking cavity tube 110 is used to be placed in the lining borehole 310; the water-blocking cavity tube 110 is connected to a fixing member, which is fixed by connecting to the lining operating surface 60.

[0093] The piezometer sleeve 130 is fixed inside the water-blocking cavity tube 110, and the piezometer 20 is installed inside the piezometer sleeve 130.

[0094] The resilient seal 120 includes:

[0095] The first sealing section 121 is sleeved on the outer pipe wall 111 of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 and is sealed to the outer pipe wall 111.

[0096] The second sealing section 122 includes a sealing part 122a for sealing connection with the lining borehole 310. The second sealing section 122 is sleeved on the outer pipe wall 111 and extends in a direction away from the first sealing section 121. The elastic sealing member 120 and the outer pipe wall 111 form a sealing cavity 123. The sealing cavity 123 has a first opening facing the surrounding rock 40.

[0097] In this embodiment, the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 is connected to a fixing member, which is connected to the lining operating surface 60 to fix the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 In this embodiment, the fastener is a metal disc 114. In other embodiments, the fastener can also be made of other robust materials, such as resin when the expansion bolt 115 is made of resin. In other embodiments, the fastener can also be of other shapes. The surface of the metal disc 114 is adapted to the shape of the lining operating surface 60, and the metal disc 114 is fixed to the lining operating surface 60 by fasteners such as expansion bolts 115. The metal disc 114 and the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 can be integrally formed or designed separately. When integrally formed, the opening of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 away from the surrounding rock 40 is connected to the cap 133 by threads to prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 from separating from the cap 133 when the water pressure increases. In the split design, the middle part of the metal disc 114 extends downward to form a through hole with double-sided threads. The external thread of the through hole is threadedly connected to the opening of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 away from the surrounding rock 40. The internal thread 114a of the through hole is connected to the external thread 133a provided on the cap 133. After the piezometer sleeve 130 is placed in the water-blocking cavity pipe 110, the cap 133 prevents the piezometer sleeve 130 from being squeezed out of the opening. In this embodiment, the installation device can be used after the piezometer 20 is installed in the piezometer sleeve 130. The cover 133 is provided with a cable hole 133b. The cable 210 connected to the piezometer 20 extends out to the outside of the lining operating surface 60 through the cable hole 133b. A sealing gasket can be installed to seal the cable 210 and the cable hole 133b to prevent water leakage through the cable hole 133b; alternatively, waterproof sealant can be used to fill the gap between the cable 210 and the cable hole 133b to prevent water leakage at the cable hole 133b. The cover 133 is provided with a protrusion whose shape is adapted to a wrench to facilitate screwing the cover 133 into or out of the wrench. For example, the circumference of the protrusion is hexagonal.

[0098] As an illustrative embodiment of the structure of the piezometer casing 130, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the piezometer sleeve 130 includes a cylindrical body 131, to which a fixed cylinder 132 is connected. The fixed cylinder 132 is used to abut against the piezometer 20 and provide support for the piezometer 20. The diameter of the cylindrical body 131 is larger than the diameter of the fixed cylinder 132, so that the cylindrical body 131 can be fixed by the water-blocking cavity pipe 110, and also facilitates the installation or removal of the piezometer 20 from the piezometer sleeve 130. Figure 3 , Figure 4In the process, the water-blocking cavity tube 110 is provided with a seepage inlet hole 116. The seepage inlet hole 116 can reduce or prevent debris such as large-diameter sand and gravel from entering the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube 110, thereby reducing damage to the piezometer 20 caused by impacts. Seepage water enters the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 through the seepage inlet hole 116 to power the piezometer 20. The fixed cylinder 132 is provided with multiple seepage holes, which on the one hand power the piezometer 20 to operate, and on the other hand further reduce or prevent debris such as large-diameter sand and gravel from entering the interior of the fixed cylinder 132.

[0099] A rubber strip 113 is provided on the inner wall 112 of the water-blocking cavity tube 110. The rubber strip 113 is used to limit the piezometer sleeve 130 when it is inserted into the water-blocking cavity tube 110. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 In the process, the rubber strip 113 is trapezoidal in shape and is open relative to the direction in which the piezometer sleeve 130 is inserted into the water-blocking cavity tube 110. The upper base of the trapezoid is in surface contact with the piezometer sleeve 130.

[0100] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features of the first aspect can be combined to form a corresponding technical solution for the installation device. This application provides illustrative embodiments of the combinations to illustrate possible combinations:

[0101] A device for embedding a piezometer 20 in an underwater tunnel includes a water-blocking cavity pipe 110, which is a hollow circular metal tube. An open, double-layered elastic seal 120 is installed on the outer wall 111 of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. The elastic seal 120 deforms under water pressure. The water-blocking cavity pipe 110 is driven into a lining borehole 310 with a diameter slightly smaller than the opening diameter of the second sealing section 122. The elastic seal 120 then blocks seepage water flowing from the surrounding rock 40 onto the outside of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. When the water pressure is too high, the portion between the elastic seal 120 and the outer wall 111 is forced open by the water pressure, resulting in a tighter fit between the elastic seal 120 and the lining borehole, thus achieving a self-locking effect upon contact with water. The smaller the diameter of the lining borehole is compared to the maximum diameter of the elastic seal 120 on the outside of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110, the better the initial water-stopping effect. In addition, a metal disc 114 is provided at the opening of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. The metal disc 114 is fixed to the inner surface of the lining 30, i.e., the lining operating surface 60, using expansion bolts 115. This prevents the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 from rotating when the cap 133 is screwed in or out, which could cause the elastic seal 120 to fail to seal against the lining borehole 310. The metal disc 114 is threaded to the cap 133, or alternatively, a thread can be provided on the side of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 near the metal disc 114 for connection with the external thread 133a of the cap 133.

[0102] The outer diameter of the piezometer sleeve 130 is smaller than the inner diameter of the water-blocking cavity pipe 110. The piezometer sleeve 130 is inserted into the water-blocking cavity pipe 110, and the piezometer 20 is placed on the interface 50 between the lining and the surrounding rock, making the water pressure data monitored by the piezometer 20 more accurate. A fixing cylinder 132 for the piezometer 20 is provided at the end of the piezometer sleeve 130. The fixing cylinder 132 has many seepage holes to isolate sand and gravel from the outside. Seepage water enters the fixing cylinder 132, allowing the piezometer 20 to monitor water pressure data in real time without being damaged by sand and gravel.

[0103] by Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the bottom of the cap 133 is provided with an external thread 133a, and the inner side of the top of the metal water-blocking cavity tube 110 can be provided with an internal thread. The cap 133 is threadedly connected to the water-blocking cavity tube 110, thereby blocking water leakage inside the water-blocking cavity tube 110. The cable 210 is pulled out from the cable hole 133b in the middle of the cap 133. The top of the cap 133 protrudes in the shape of a hexagonal nut, which facilitates the screwing in and out of the cap 133.

[0104] The connection between the water-blocking cavity tube 110 and the elastic seal 120 may include: roughening the surface of the water-blocking cavity tube 110, which is made of materials such as metal, using a grinding tool to increase the surface roughness, thereby increasing the contact area between the water-blocking cavity tube 110 and the elastic seal 120. After grinding, a cleaning agent can be applied to the water-blocking cavity tube 110 to remove dust, so as to prevent it from affecting the bonding effect when applying adhesive later. Apply cold vulcanizing adhesive, for example, by applying two coats to the surface of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 and one coat to the area where the limiting member 117 is located. Then, insert the first sealing section 121 into the limiting member 117 and attach it. After attachment, use a compaction tool to completely press the first sealing section 121 onto the surface of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 where the limiting member 117 is located. Rubber repair agent can be used to seal the joint between the first sealing section 121 and the limiting member 117 to prevent the joint from cracking due to abrasion, thereby preventing water leakage from the joint between the first sealing section 121 and the limiting member 117.

[0105] Indicative usage:

[0106] Drilling: Using drilling equipment, drill holes in the seepage area of ​​the lining 30 in the tunnel to the interface 50 between the lining and the surrounding rock. The diameter of the lining borehole 310 is smaller than the opening diameter of the second sealing section 122, for example, less than 5mm. The larger the water pressure, the smaller the diameter of the lining borehole 310 needs to be.

[0107] Fixing the water-blocking cavity tube 110: Clean the mud and sand inside the lining borehole 310, for example by applying grease to lubricate the borehole wall or the elastic seal 120 of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 to prevent damage to the elastic seal 120 and affect the seal; then drive the water-blocking cavity tube 110 into the lining borehole 310 and fix the water-blocking cavity tube 110 to the lining 30 using, for example, expansion bolts 115.

[0108] Pull out the cable 210 of the piezometer 20: Place the piezometer 20 into the fixing cylinder 132, pull the cable 210 out from the piezometer sleeve 130, and then pass it through the pre-reserved cable hole 133b in the cover 133. Water-stopping adhesive can be used to fill the gap between the cable 210 and the cable hole 133b to prevent water seepage at the cable hole 133b.

[0109] Insert the piezometer sleeve 130: After the water-stopping adhesive has solidified, insert the piezometer sleeve 130 into the water-blocking cavity tube 110, and then screw the cap 133 into the opening of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 to block the seepage. When the piezometer 20 is working, it can monitor the outer ring water pressure of the lining 30.

[0110] Cover 133: When the monitored water pressure data is too high, cover 133 can be unscrewed, and the piezometer 20 and piezometer sleeve 130 can be taken out to allow the seepage water to flow out from the inside of the water-blocking cavity tube 110 to achieve the pressure relief effect. After the pressure relief is completed, the piezometer 20 and piezometer sleeve 130 can be put back into the water-blocking cavity tube 110, and cover 133 can be screwed in to continue monitoring the outer ring water pressure of the lining 30.

[0111] This application has at least the following effects:

[0112] This application Buried device After the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 is driven into the lining borehole 310, the second sealing section 122 can be sealed with the lining borehole 310. Under increased water pressure, the first sealing section 121 can also be sealed with the lining borehole 310. Moreover, the sealing performance and friction performance of the first sealing section 121 and the second sealing section 122 increase with the increase of water pressure, achieving a certain degree of self-locking effect upon contact with water. Furthermore, the water pressure acts on the second sealing section 122 that forms the sealing cavity 123. As the water pressure increases, the pressure between the second sealing section 122 and the lining borehole 310 also increases, thereby improving the sealing and friction between the second sealing section 122 and the lining borehole 310, preventing the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 from leaking out of the lining borehole 310 during the gradual increase of water pressure.

[0113] The buried device of this application has a stronger anti-seepage performance as the water pressure is higher, which solves the problem of monitoring the outer ring water pressure of the tunnel lining 30. At the same time, it can unscrew the cap 133 from the water-blocking cavity pipe 110 while monitoring the water pressure in real time. The water-blocking cavity pipe 110 can also be used as a pressure relief hole, which reduces the design of pressure relief holes and avoids the adverse effects of too many holes on the tunnel lining 30.

[0114] In some embodiments of this application, multiple elastic seals 120 face the water-facing surface, i.e., the surrounding rock 40, and are self-locking when exposed to water. The installation device can be installed stably even under the action of high water pressure. At the same time, the greater the water pressure, the stronger the seepage prevention performance and the stronger the water blocking ability.

[0115] In some embodiments of this application, compared with the traditional method of burying piezometers, there is no need for filling or grouting to plug the holes. The water-blocking cavity pipe 110 can be used simply by driving it into the lining borehole, which is easy to install.

[0116] In some embodiments of this application, compared to the traditional method of burying piezometers and then using bentonite or concrete to block the orifice, which makes it inconvenient to remove the piezometers later when they are damaged or fail, resulting in "bad holes", the burying device of this application can replace the damaged piezometers in a timely manner by opening and closing the cover multiple times, making replacement convenient.

[0117] In some embodiments of this application, when the monitored water pressure reaches the warning value, the cap 133 can be unscrewed to remove the piezometer sleeve 130 and the piezometer 20, which can be used as a pressure relief hole during the train operation window, thereby avoiding multiple drilling on the lining 30 and damaging the structure of the lining 30.

[0118] According to a second aspect of this application, a buried piezometer is provided, comprising the burial device described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect, and a piezometer 20. The burial device further includes a piezometer sleeve 130, which is placed within the water-blocking cavity pipe 110, and the piezometer 20 is placed within the piezometer sleeve 130. The buried piezometer also possesses the technical effects of the burial device described in any of the technical solutions of the first aspect, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0119] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that implementations not illustrated or described in the drawings or the main text of the specification are forms known to those skilled in the art and have not been described in detail.

[0120] The above description is merely a partial embodiment of this application and an explanation of the technical principles employed, and is not intended to limit this application in any way. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this application is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with, but not limited to, technical features disclosed in this application that have similar functions are also within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A burial device, characterized in that, include: A water-blocking cavity tube (110) is used to be placed in the lining borehole (310), and the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube (110) is used to insert a piezometer (20). The resilient seal (120) includes: The first sealing section (121) is sleeved on the outer pipe wall (111) of the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) and is sealed to the outer pipe wall (111); The second sealing section (122) includes a sealing part (122a) for sealing connection with the lining borehole (310), the second sealing section (122) is sleeved on the outer pipe wall (111) and extends in a direction away from the first sealing section (121), the elastic seal (120) and the outer pipe wall (111) form a sealing cavity (123), the sealing cavity (123) has a first opening facing the surrounding rock (40); The water-blocking cavity pipe (110) and the elastic seal (120) are configured such that: after the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) is placed in the lining borehole (310), the sealing part (122a) is squeezed by the lining borehole (310) to form a first seal and a first friction force with the lining borehole (310); the seepage water from the surrounding rock (40) forms water pressure in the sealing cavity (123) through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the sealing part (122a); as the water pressure increases, the sealing part (122a)... The pressure between the sealing part (122a) and the lining borehole (310) increases accordingly, thereby improving the sealing performance of the first seal between the sealing part (122a) and the lining borehole (310) to prevent the increased water pressure from causing water leakage from the lining borehole (310); the pressure between the sealing part (122a) and the lining borehole (310) increases accordingly, thereby increasing the first friction force to prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) from leaking out of the lining borehole (310) during the gradual increase of water pressure; A deformation section is formed between the first sealing section (121) and the second sealing section (122), and the deformation section forms a deformation cavity (124) with the lining borehole (310). The deformation cavity (124) has a second opening, which is away from the surrounding rock (40). The water-blocking cavity pipe (110) and the elastic sealing element (120) are also configured such that the seepage water that seeps into the surrounding rock (40) forms water pressure in the sealing cavity (123) through the first opening, and the water pressure acts on the deformable part; As the water pressure increases, air is discharged from the second opening and the deformed part gradually moves towards the lining borehole (310) and comes into contact with the lining borehole (310) to form a second frictional force and a second seal; and as the water pressure increases, the pressure between the deformed part and the lining borehole (310) increases accordingly, thereby increasing the second frictional force, so as to further prevent the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) from leaking out of the lining borehole (310) during the gradual increase of water pressure, and improve the sealing performance of the second seal between the deformed part and the lining borehole (310), so as to further prevent the increased water pressure from causing water leakage from the lining borehole (310); A rubber strip (113) is provided on the inner wall (112) of the water-blocking cavity tube (110). The rubber strip (113) is used to limit the piezometer sleeve (130) when it is placed inside the water-blocking cavity tube (110). The rubber strip (113) is trapezoidal in shape and open relative to the direction of insertion of the piezometer sleeve (130) to facilitate the insertion of the piezometer sleeve (130) into the rubber strip (113). The upper base of the trapezoid is in surface contact with the piezometer sleeve (130).

2. The burying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-blocking cavity pipe (110) also includes a limiting member (117), which is sleeved on the outer pipe wall (111). The limiting member (117) has a third opening for accommodating the first sealing section (121), which faces the surrounding rock (40). When the first sealing section (121) is placed in the third opening, the first sealing section (121) is squeezed by the third opening to form a third seal, so as to prevent water leakage from the first sealing section (121) and the third opening, which would cause the sealing cavity (123) to depressurize and prevent water leakage from the lining borehole (310).

3. The burying device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The distance between adjacent limiting members (117) is set such that when the second sealing section (122) connected to the rear limiting member (117) is extended, there is a gap with the front limiting member (117) to facilitate placing the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) into the lining borehole (310).

4. The burying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of elastic seals (120) is multiple. The multiple elastic seals (120) are arranged along the axis of the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) and are used to form multiple seals with the lining borehole (310) to improve the sealing reliability and the stability of the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) in the lining borehole (310).

5. The burying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sealing part (122a) includes a sealing surface for sealing with the lining borehole (310), the shape of the sealing surface being adapted to the lining borehole (310); After the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) is placed in the lining borehole (310), the sealing surface is in contact with the lining borehole (310) to form the first seal and the first friction force with the lining borehole (310).

6. The burying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sealing section (121) is cylindrical, and the second sealing section (122) is funnel-shaped; After the water-blocking cavity pipe (110) is placed in the lining borehole (310), the second sealing section (122) is squeezed and contracted by the lining borehole (310), and the sealing part (122a) is squeezed by the lining borehole (310) to form the first seal and the first friction force with the lining borehole (310).

7. The burying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-blocking cavity tube (110) is provided with a seepage inlet hole (116). The seepage inlet hole (116) is located below the sealing cavity (123) and has a gap with the sealing cavity (123) to prevent the water pressure in the sealing cavity (123) from depressurizing before the water-blocking cavity tube (110) is filled with seepage water. The seepage inlet hole (116) is used to reduce or prevent debris from entering the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube (110). The seepage water enters the interior of the water-blocking cavity tube (110) through the seepage inlet hole (116) for water pressure detection by the osmometer (20).

8. A buried piezometer, characterized in that, The device includes the installation device according to any one of claims 1-7, and the piezometer (20). The burial device also includes a piezometer sleeve (130), which is placed inside the water-blocking cavity pipe (110), and the piezometer (20) is placed inside the piezometer sleeve (130).

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