Coupling Quality Monitoring and Coaxial Positioning System and Construction Method Based on Equal Diameter Method

Abstract

This invention discloses a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system and construction method based on the equal diameter method. The system includes: a detection and positioning unit, which includes a radius measuring ruler, a housing, an equidistant indentation mechanism, and a laser emitting end located at the geometric center of the lower housing; and a coupling status feedback unit arranged inside the bottom coupling, which includes a support platform, a laser receiving end, and a hardware system. By utilizing the geometric principle that the distance from the center of a circle to each point on the circumference is equal and is equal to the radius of the circle, and combining this with the theory that the center of a circle can be determined by three circumferential points, a technical solution for a radius measuring ruler is proposed. Furthermore, by setting up an equidistant indentation mechanism, while achieving circumferential positioning, the equal indentation of the positioning edge, combined with the laser emitting end, easily obtains the coupling's central axis. In addition, the coupling status feedback unit set up inside the bottom coupling achieves the technical effect of marking and judging the alignment status of the central axis during the overall installation process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pump station construction technology, and more specifically, relates to a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system and construction method based on the equal diameter method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of urban lake drainage, the construction of pumping stations is now on the agenda. A pumping station consists of multiple pump layers, and the installation of these layers relies on the vertical assembly of multiple couplings. The relative positioning of these couplings plays a decisive role in the installation performance and construction quality of the pump layer. Furthermore, due to variations in machining precision and quality, the coupling radii can differ, requiring calibration before use to ensure they meet project requirements. These technical issues have led to inaccuracies and delays in the on-site inspection procedures and installation of pumps during the construction of pumping stations, hindering both construction efficiency and quality.

[0003] To address the challenges of coupling radius detection, precise positioning, and installation, Chinese utility model patent CN215338105U discloses a measuring device for measuring the radius of an arc. The device includes a radius gauge base and a digital display. The radius gauge base has an assembly platform, from which two legs extend downwards and outwards on either side, forming an included angle. The assembly platform has a through hole. The digital display includes a dial, a fixed rod fixedly connected to the dial, and a measuring rod sleeved within the fixed rod and elastically connected to the dial. The measuring rod is telescopic relative to the fixed rod. The fixed rod passes through the through hole, allowing the digital display to be fixedly installed on the radius gauge base. The axis of the measuring rod coincides with the angle bisector of the angle formed by the two legs. The measuring device has an initial state, in which the measuring rod is in its initial position. The measuring device also has a working state, in which the two legs and the measuring rod are in contact with the arc surface, and the position of the measuring rod is different from its initial position, and the dial displays the arc radius value accordingly; Chinese invention patent CN109668508A discloses a method for measuring the center line of a dynamic rotary kiln, characterized by the following steps: 1) The measuring equipment is installed near the tire and the support roller, and the radius of the left support roller, the radius of the right support roller and the radius of each tire are measured respectively; 2) The gap between the tire and the cylinder is measured; 3) A horizontal beam is erected to measure the horizontal distance between the left support roller and the right support roller, and the tire center coordinate value is calculated through geometric relationship; 4) The total station measures the horizontal deviation of the tire center line and the vertical deviation of the tire center line at each position to determine the dynamic center line of the cylinder, and the dynamic rotary kiln center line measurement is completed.

[0004] The above-mentioned patented technologies can all obtain the radius of the circular structure by measuring the geometric relationship, but there are still the following technical problems: (1) Patented technology CN215338105U can only measure the radius of the circular structure and cannot achieve the technical effect of detecting the center axis of the coupling; (2) Although patented technology CN109668508A can measure the center coordinates of the circular structure, it requires dynamic measurement and the structure is relatively complex, which is not suitable for the installation application of the coupling structure in the construction of pump station; (3) In the entire pump layer structure construction process, it is not only necessary to measure the center axis of the single coupling, but also to make it have the technical advantage of being able to monitor whether the coupling and the installed coupling maintain a coaxial relationship at the same time, and to have certain requirements on the accuracy performance of the center detection, which are not disclosed in the above-mentioned existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned deficiencies or improvement needs of existing technologies, this invention provides a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system and construction method based on the equal-diameter method. Utilizing the geometric principle that the distance from the center to each point on the circumference is equal and equal to the radius of the circle, and combining this with the theory that the center of the circle can be determined by three circumferential points, a radius measuring ruler is proposed. Furthermore, by setting an equidistant indentation mechanism, while achieving circumferential positioning, the equal indentation of the positioning edge, combined with a laser emitter, easily obtains the coupling's central axis. In addition, a coupling status feedback unit is set inside the bottom coupling, enabling the marking and judgment of the central axis alignment status during the overall installation process. This solution also demonstrates the advantages of a simpler measurement principle and easier operation compared to other solutions.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method is provided, comprising:

[0007] The detection and positioning unit placed above the coupling to be installed includes a lower housing with a radius measuring scale and a vernier slide groove, an upper housing fixedly connected above the lower housing, an inner hollow installation area formed by the lower housing and the upper housing, an equidistant retraction mechanism provided in the inner hollow installation area for positioning the circumference, and a laser emitting end provided at the geometric center of the lower housing. The lower housing is a regular structure formed by rotating an array around the center point. Through the equidistant retraction mechanism, the detection and positioning unit is clamped above the coupling to be installed (103), and at the same time, a through relationship is formed between the location of the laser emitting end (220) and the central axis of the coupling to be installed (103), and the radius value can be read from the radius measuring scale (203).

[0008] The coupling status feedback unit, located inside the bottom coupling, includes a support platform consisting of a positioning disk and corner braces fixedly connected to the surrounding area, a laser receiver connected to the geometric center of the support platform, and a hardware system for processing the signals received by the laser receiver and providing centering status prompts. The laser receiver (310) senses the intensity of the projected light and indirectly determines the positional relationship between the laser beam and the sensing head through a light intensity threshold. At the same time, the hardware system (320) issues a position adjustment guidance signal.

[0009] Preferably, the equidistant indentation mechanism includes:

[0010] A transmission screw is rotatably connected to the hollow mounting area inside the lower housing, a vernier slider is threadedly connected to the transmission screw, a vernier stop block is provided at the lower end of the vernier slider, and a first gear is fixedly connected to the end of the transmission screw near the geometric center of the lower housing.

[0011] A central connecting rod rotatably connected to the geometric center of the upper housing, a second gear fixedly connected to the lower end of the central connecting rod and meshing with the first gear, and an adjusting handle fixedly connected to the upper end of the central connecting rod.

[0012] Preferably, the coupling status feedback unit further includes:

[0013] A hemispherical hollow groove is set at the center of the positioning plate, a self-adjusting universal joint is rotatably connected to the hemispherical hollow groove, and a load-bearing part is fixedly connected to the bottom of the self-adjusting universal joint.

[0014] The laser receiver head is fixedly positioned above the self-adjusting universal joint, facing the load-bearing part.

[0015] Preferably, the weight of the load-bearing part is greater than twice the total weight of the self-adjusting universal joint and the laser receiver head.

[0016] Preferably, the laser receiver head is a sheet-like structure with a dot matrix arrangement of photosensitive elements.

[0017] Preferably, the hardware system includes:

[0018] An ambient light intensity acquisition photoresistor is installed on the upper surface of the positioning disk, and a probe light intensity acquisition photoresistor is installed on the upper surface of the laser receiver head;

[0019] The circuit is connected in sequence to the following stages: a voltage divider circuit, a differential amplifier, a voltage follower, an AD voltage acquisition unit, a data filtering unit, a data processing unit, a centering status judgment unit, and an audio prompt unit.

[0020] Preferably, the data processing unit includes:

[0021] The light intensity analysis unit converts light intensity voltage signals into light intensity; the coordinate matching unit matches each photoresistor in the laser receiver head with its coordinates; the centering light intensity meter storage area stores the coordinates of the center axis of the underlying coupling; and the current light intensity meter storage area stores the coordinates of the center axis of the coupling to be installed.

[0022] Preferably, the consistency error of each photoresistor used is less than 1%.

[0023] Preferably, the data filtering algorithm uses a moving average filtering algorithm as the first-stage filter and a Kalman filtering algorithm as the second-stage filter.

[0024] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a construction method for a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S100: Install the bottom coupling according to the construction requirements, then place the detection and positioning unit above the bottom coupling, and make the detection and positioning unit tightly engaged with the outer wall of the bottom coupling by adjusting the equidistant retraction mechanism.

[0026] S200: Read the reading on the radius measuring scale corresponding to the vernier slider at this time, and thus obtain the radius information of the coupling;

[0027] S300: Maintain the current position and start the laser transmitter. The laser beam is now located at the center axis of the coupling. Place the coupling status feedback unit inside the bottom coupling and adjust it so that the laser receiver head and the laser beam are in a through-hole state. Start the hardware system to store the current light intensity information and corresponding coordinates in the center light intensity table storage area, and then remove the detection and positioning unit.

[0028] S400: Place the coupling to be installed above the already installed coupling, and repeat steps S100 and 200. At this time, the laser transmitter is started again. After the emitted laser beam hits the laser receiver, the current light intensity information and coordinate information are written into the current light intensity table storage area.

[0029] S500: The alignment status judgment unit compares and verifies the data in the current light intensity meter storage area with the alignment light intensity meter storage area, and finally determines the deviation position of the center axis of the coupling to be installed relative to the center axis of the underlying coupling. The system then provides guidance on position adjustment through an audio prompt, ultimately enabling the coaxial installation of the coupling to be installed.

[0030] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This invention discloses a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system and construction method based on the equal diameter method. Utilizing the geometric principle that the distance from the center to each point on the circumference is equal and equal to the radius of the circle, and combining this with the theory that the center of the circle can be determined by three circumferential points, a radius measuring ruler is proposed. Furthermore, by setting an equidistant indentation mechanism, while achieving circumferential positioning, the equal indentation of the positioning edge, combined with a laser emitting end, easily obtains the coupling's central axis. In addition, a coupling status feedback unit is set inside the bottom coupling, enabling the marking and judgment of the central axis alignment status during the overall installation process. This solution also demonstrates the advantages of a simpler measurement principle and easier operation compared to other methods.

[0032] 2. The present invention provides a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method. By using screw drive and gear drive, the rotation of the adjustment handle is converted into the linear movement of the vernier block. At the same time, it ensures the equal amount of indentation of the three axes, thereby clamping the outer circumference, which greatly improves the convenience of use and the accuracy of radius measurement. Meanwhile, it ensures the through relationship between the laser emitting end position and the coupling center axis.

[0033] 3. The present invention provides a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method. By utilizing the uniform geometric characteristics of a sphere and combining it with a counterweight, the system achieves adaptive adjustment of the laser receiver position, effectively solving the technical problem that uneven ground causes the laser receiver to tilt, resulting in large marking and verification errors in the positioning of the central axis.

[0034] 4. The present invention provides a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method, which effectively avoids interference with laser light intensity sensing caused by weather or operating environment by adding the acquisition of ambient light intensity in the circuit structure and using the differential characteristics of the differential amplifier.

[0035] 5. The present invention provides a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method. By setting the laser receiver head into a planar array structure, compared with single-point reception, the coordinate attributes of the received signal are increased, which further improves the positioning effect of the central axis. In addition, the system can calculate the light intensity signal and correspond it with the coordinates to achieve the technical effect of adjusting and guiding the current installation position of the coupling. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the construction state of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2This is an exploded view of the overall layout of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detection and positioning unit of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the detection and positioning unit of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coaxial state feedback unit of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the overall structure of the coaxial state feedback unit of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the laser receiver head sensing point array layout structure of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal hardware system connection structure of a coaxial state feedback unit in a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the data calculation unit connection structure of the internal hardware system of a coaxial state feedback unit in a coaxial quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating a construction method for a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features, specifically: 1-coupling, 101-bottom coupling, 102-installed coupling, 103-coupling to be installed, 2-detection and positioning unit, 201-lower housing, 202-upper housing, 203-radius measuring ruler, 204-vernier slide, 210-equidistant retraction mechanism, 211-transmission screw, 212-vernier slider, 2120-vernier stop, 21 3-First gear, 214-Second gear, 215-Central connecting rod, 216-Adjusting handle, 220-Laser emitting end, 3-Coupling status feedback unit, 300-Supporting platform, 301-Angle brace, 302-Positioning disk, 303-Hemispherical hollow groove, 310-Laser receiving end, 311-Self-adjusting universal joint, 312-Load-bearing part, 313-Laser receiving head, 314-Photoresistor, 320-Hardware system. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0048] like Figures 1-9 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method includes:

[0049] The detection and positioning unit 2, placed above the coupling 103 to be installed, includes a lower housing 201 with a radius measuring scale 203 and a vernier slide 204, an upper housing 202 fixedly connected above the lower housing 201, an inner hollow installation area formed by the lower housing 201 and the upper housing 202, an equidistant retraction mechanism 210 provided in the inner hollow installation area for positioning the circumference, and a laser emitting end 220 provided at the geometric center of the lower housing 201. The lower housing 201 is a regular structure formed by rotating an array around the center point. Through the equidistant retraction mechanism, the detection and positioning unit is clamped above the coupling (103) to be installed, and at the same time, a through relationship is formed between the location of the laser emitting end (220) and the central axis of the coupling (103) to be installed, and the radius value can be read from the radius measuring scale (203).

[0050] The coupling status feedback unit 3, located inside the bottom coupling 101, includes a support platform 300 consisting of a positioning disk 302 and corner braces 301 fixedly connected to the surrounding area, a laser receiver 310 connected to the geometric center of the support platform 300, and a hardware system 320 for processing the signals received by the laser receiver 310 and providing centering status prompts. The laser receiver (310) senses the intensity of the projected light and indirectly determines the positional relationship between the laser beam and the sensing head through the light intensity threshold. At the same time, the hardware system (320) issues a guidance signal for position adjustment.

[0051] In this embodiment of the invention, a radius measuring ruler is proposed by utilizing the geometric principle that the distance from the center of a circle to each point on the circumference is equal and is equal to the radius of the circle, combined with the theory that the center of a circle can be determined by three circumferential points. In addition, by setting an equidistant indentation mechanism, the circumference is positioned, and due to the equal indentation of the positioning edge, the central axis of the coupling is easily obtained in conjunction with the laser emitting end. Furthermore, a coupling status feedback unit is set inside the bottom coupling, which realizes the technical effect of marking and judging the alignment status of the central axis of the coupling during the overall installation process. It also realizes that this solution has the technical effect of simple measurement principle and convenient operation compared to others.

[0052] like Figures 3-4 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the equidistant indentation mechanism 210 includes:

[0053] The transmission screw 211 is rotatably connected to the hollow mounting area inside the lower housing 201, the vernier slider 212 is threadedly connected to the transmission screw 211, the vernier stop block 2120 is provided at the lower end of the vernier slider 212, and the first gear 213 is fixedly connected to one end of the transmission screw 211 near the geometric center of the lower housing 201.

[0054] The central connecting rod 215 is rotatably connected to the geometric center of the upper housing, the second gear 214 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the central connecting rod 215 and meshes with the first gear 213, and the adjusting handle 216 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the central connecting rod 215.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the rotation of the adjustment handle is converted into the linear movement of the vernier block by using lead screw drive and gear drive. At the same time, the equal retraction of the three axes is ensured, thereby clamping the outer circumference, which greatly improves the convenience of use and the accuracy of radius measurement. Meanwhile, it ensures the through relationship between the laser emitting end position and the central axis of the coupling.

[0056] like Figures 5-6 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the coupling status feedback unit 3 further includes:

[0057] A hemispherical hollow groove 303 is set at the center of the positioning plate 302, a self-adjusting universal joint 311 is rotatably connected to the hemispherical hollow groove 303, and a load-bearing part 312 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the self-adjusting universal joint 311.

[0058] The laser receiver head 313 is fixedly mounted above the self-adjusting universal joint 311 in the direction directly opposite the load-bearing part 312.

[0059] like Figures 5-6 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the weight of the load-bearing part 312 is greater than twice the total weight of the self-adjusting universal joint 311 and the laser receiver head 313.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, by utilizing the uniform geometric properties of a sphere and combining it with a counterweight, the position of the laser receiver is adaptively adjusted, effectively solving the technical problem that uneven ground causes the laser receiver to tilt, resulting in large marking and verification errors in the positioning of the central axis.

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the laser receiver head 313 is a sheet structure with a dot matrix arrangement of photosensitive elements.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting the laser receiver head into a planar array structure, the coordinate attribute of the received signal is increased compared with single-point reception, which further improves the positioning effect of the central axis. In addition, the technical effect of adjusting and guiding the current installation position of the coupling can be achieved by calculating the light intensity signal and corresponding it with the coordinates.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the hardware system 320 includes:

[0064] An ambient light intensity acquisition photoresistor is installed on the upper surface of the positioning disk 302, and a probe light intensity acquisition photoresistor is installed on the upper surface of the laser receiver head 313;

[0065] The circuit is connected in sequence to the following stages: a voltage divider circuit, a differential amplifier, a voltage follower, an AD voltage acquisition unit, a data filtering unit, a data processing unit, a centering status judgment unit, and an audio prompt unit.

[0066] In this embodiment of the invention, by adding the acquisition of ambient light intensity to the circuit structure and using the differential characteristics of the differential amplifier, the technical effect of avoiding interference with laser light intensity sensing caused by weather or operating environment is effectively achieved.

[0067] like Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, the data processing unit includes:

[0068] A light intensity analysis unit that converts light intensity voltage signals into light intensity; a coordinate matching unit that matches each photoresistor in the laser receiver head 313 with its coordinates; a centering light intensity meter storage area that stores the coordinates of the center axis of the underlying coupling 101; and a current light intensity meter storage area that stores the coordinates of the center axis of the coupling 103 to be installed.

[0069] In this embodiment of the invention, the consistency error of each photoresistor used is less than 1%.

[0070] The consistency error is the ratio of the difference between the maximum and minimum light intensity obtained by testing multiple photoresistors under the same light intensity to the average light intensity value.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, the data filtering algorithm uses a moving average filtering algorithm as the pre-stage filter and a Kalman filtering algorithm as the post-stage filter.

[0072] like Figure 10 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method includes the following steps:

[0073] S100: Install the bottom coupling 101 according to the construction requirements, and then place the detection and positioning unit 2 above the bottom coupling 101. Adjust the equidistant retraction mechanism 210 to make the detection and positioning unit 2 tightly engaged with the outer wall of the bottom coupling 101.

[0074] S200: Read the reading on the radius measuring ruler 203 corresponding to the vernier slider 212 at this time, and thus obtain the radius information of the coupling;

[0075] S300: Maintain the current position and start the laser emitter. The laser beam is now located at the center axis of the coupling. At this time, place the coupling status feedback unit 3 inside the bottom coupling 101 and adjust the coupling status feedback unit 3 so that the laser receiver head and the laser beam are in a through state. Then start the hardware system to store the current light intensity information and corresponding coordinates in the center light intensity table storage area, and then remove the detection and positioning unit 2.

[0076] S400: Place the coupling 103 to be installed above the already installed coupling 102, and repeat steps S100 and 200. At this time, the laser transmitter is started again. After the emitted laser beam hits the laser receiver, the current light intensity information and coordinate information are written into the current light intensity table storage area.

[0077] S500: The centering status judgment unit compares and verifies the data in the current light intensity meter storage area with the centering light intensity meter storage area, and finally determines the deviation position of the center axis of the coupling to be installed 103 relative to the center axis of the bottom coupling 101. The system provides guidance on position adjustment through an audio prompt, and finally achieves the coaxial installation of the coupling to be installed 103.

[0078] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method, characterized in that, include: The detection and positioning unit (2) placed above the coupling (103) to be installed includes a lower housing (201) with a radius measuring scale (203) and a vernier slide (204), an upper housing (202) fixedly connected above the lower housing (201), an inner hollow installation area formed by the lower housing (201) and the upper housing (202), an equidistant retraction mechanism (210) provided in the inner hollow installation area for positioning the circumference, and a laser emitting end (220) provided at the geometric center of the lower housing (201). The lower housing (201) is a regular structure formed by rotating an array around the center point. Through the equidistant retraction mechanism (210), the detection and positioning unit is clamped above the coupling (103) to be installed, and at the same time, the position point of the laser emitting end (220) and the central axis of the coupling (103) to be installed are connected, and the radius value can be read from the radius measuring scale (203). The coupling status feedback unit (3) arranged inside the bottom coupling (101) includes a support platform (300) consisting of a positioning disk (302) and corner braces (301) fixedly connected to the surrounding area, a laser receiver (310) connected to the geometric center of the support platform (300), and a hardware system (320) for processing the signals received by the laser receiver (310) and providing centering status prompts. The laser receiver (310) senses the intensity of the projected light and indirectly determines the positional relationship between the laser beam and the sensing head through the light intensity threshold. At the same time, the hardware system (320) issues a position adjustment guidance signal.

2. The coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The equidistant indentation mechanism (210) includes: A transmission screw (211) rotatably connected to the hollow mounting area inside the lower housing (201), a vernier slider (212) threadedly connected to the transmission screw (211), a vernier stop block (2120) located at the lower end of the vernier slider (212), and a first gear (213) fixedly connected to one end of the transmission screw (211) near the geometric center of the lower housing (201); A central connecting rod (215) rotatably connected to the geometric center of the upper housing, a second gear (214) fixedly connected to the lower end of the central connecting rod (215) and meshing with the first gear (213) for transmission, and an adjusting handle (216) fixedly connected to the upper end of the central connecting rod (215).

3. The coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coupling status feedback unit (3) further includes: A hemispherical hollow groove (303) is set at the center of the positioning plate (302), a self-adjusting universal joint (311) is rotatably connected to the hemispherical hollow groove (303), and a load-bearing part (312) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the self-adjusting universal joint (311). The laser receiver head (313) is fixedly positioned above the self-adjusting universal joint (311) in the direction directly opposite to the load-bearing part (312).

4. The coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The weight of the load-bearing part (312) is greater than twice the total weight of the self-adjusting universal joint (311) and the laser receiver head (313).

5. A coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The laser receiver head (313) is a sheet structure with a dot matrix arrangement of photosensitive elements.

6. The coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hardware system (320) includes: An ambient light intensity acquisition photoresistor is set on the upper surface of the positioning disk (302), and a probe light intensity acquisition photoresistor is set on the upper surface of the laser receiver head (313); The circuit is connected in sequence to the following stages: a voltage divider circuit, a differential amplifier, a voltage follower, an AD voltage acquisition unit, a data filtering unit, a data processing unit, a centering status judgment unit, and an audio prompt unit.

7. A coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The data processing unit includes: A light intensity analysis unit that converts light intensity voltage signals into light intensity, a coordinate matching unit that matches each photoresistor in the laser receiver head (313) with its coordinates, a centering light intensity meter storage area that stores the coordinates of the center axis of the bottom coupling (101), and a current light intensity meter storage area that stores the coordinates of the center axis of the coupling (103) to be installed.

8. A coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that: The consistency error of each photoresistor used is less than 1%.

9. A coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The data filtering algorithm described above uses a moving average filtering algorithm as the first-stage filter and a Kalman filtering algorithm as the second-stage filter.

10. A construction method for a coupling quality monitoring and coaxial positioning system based on the equal diameter method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S100: Install the bottom coupling (101) according to the construction requirements, and then place the detection positioning unit (2) above the bottom coupling (101). Adjust the equidistant retraction mechanism (210) to make the detection positioning unit (2) tightly connected to the outer wall of the bottom coupling (101). S200: Read the reading on the radius measuring ruler (203) corresponding to the vernier slider (212) at this time, and thus obtain the radius information of the coupling; S300: Maintain the current position and start the laser transmitter. The laser beam is located at the center axis of the coupling. At this time, place the coupling status feedback unit (3) inside the bottom coupling (101) and adjust the coupling status feedback unit (3) so that the laser receiver head and the laser beam are in a through state. At this time, start the hardware system to store the current light intensity information and corresponding coordinates to the center light intensity table storage area, and then take away the detection and positioning unit (2). S400: Place the coupling to be installed (103) above the installed coupling (102), repeat steps S100 and 200, and then start the laser transmitter again. After the emitted laser beam hits the laser receiver, write the current light intensity information and coordinate information into the current light intensity table storage area. S500: The centering status judgment unit compares and verifies the data in the current light intensity meter storage area with the centering light intensity meter storage area, and finally determines the deviation position of the center axis of the coupling to be installed (103) relative to the center axis of the bottom coupling (101), and guides the position adjustment through the sound prompt, so that the coaxial installation of the coupling to be installed (103) can be realized.

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