A simulation system for deep high-temperature thermal reservoirs based on a five-meter-scale large-scale physical model

Abstract

The present invention provides a deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-level large-scale physical model, and relates to the technical field of large-scale similar physical model simulation systems. The present invention uses 3D printing equipment to prepare a five-meter-level similar physical model to simulate a deep high-temperature rock mass, and heats the five-meter-level similar physical model to simulate a deep high-temperature rock mass from the bottom through a heating component, providing a high-temperature environment of up to 400°C with a maximum insulation time of 6 months for the five-meter-level similar physical model, while simulating the application of a real environment geothermal gradient, and at the same time using prefabricated fiber grating sensors and high-temperature resistant temperature and strain sensors to monitor the strain, stress and temperature of each point in the five-meter-level similar physical model in a deep high-temperature heat storage environment, thereby providing a nearly real thermal environment for subsequent geothermal injection and fracturing experiments based on a five-meter-level similar physical model.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of large-scale similar physical model simulation systems, and in particular to a deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model. Background Art

[0002] As an important clean and renewable energy, geothermal energy has the characteristics of low carbon, environmental protection, stability and high efficiency. Compared with wind energy, solar energy and other energy sources, it is not affected by external factors such as seasons, climate, day and night, and is a realistic and competitive energy source. The vast majority of geothermal resources are hot dry rock geothermal resources. Hot dry rocks are located in deep environments 3 to 10 km underground with temperatures above 180°C. As the most effective means of developing hot dry rock resources, enhanced geothermal systems have been widely studied in countries around the world.

[0003] However, due to the extremely great depth of hot dry rock reservoirs, field tests require a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the influencing factors are complex, making it difficult to control variables, so indoor tests are used; theoretical analysis requires a large number of assumptions and simplifications of the prototype, and it is very difficult to use mathematical models to describe engineering-scale problems to simulate the storage environment of deep hot dry rocks; in contrast, indoor tests are used to carry out large-scale three-dimensional physical model tests based on similarity theory, and by configuring similar materials with similar physical properties to deep high-temperature heat storage, geothermal injection and production tests are carried out in a simulated deep hot dry rock storage environment, which has important guiding significance for revealing the safe and efficient exploitation and regulation methods of geothermal energy.

[0004] The device in patent CN114526772A uses the vertical pipe and horizontal pipe where the U-shaped wellbore injection port is located as the heat conduction section, and uses point heating to heat the entire physical model; patents CN110500068B and CN106872668A both use the method of uniformly heating the entire physical model around the physical model; the device in patent CN216669802U uses a heating panel set below the simulation test box and in contact with the bottom plate of the simulation test box, and transfers heat to the physical model in the simulation test box through the bottom plate of the simulation test box. Since the simulation test box is heat-conductive as a whole and has good thermal conductivity, the heating method of the physical model in the simulation test box is actually the same as the above-mentioned patents CN110500068B and CN106872668A, which is to uniformly heat the entire physical model around the physical model. The devices in the appeal patents have failed to achieve an increase in geothermal gradient in a real environment with a good simulation of similar physical models.

[0005] At present, it is still difficult to develop a meter-scale ultra-large-scale similar physical model, which means that there will be a greater lack of simulation methods for deep high-temperature heat storage based on meter-scale ultra-large-scale similar physical models. For this reason, in order to conduct geothermal injection and production and other related experiments based on a five-meter-scale large-scale similar physical model, it is necessary to develop a deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system that can well simulate the increase in geothermal gradient and the maintenance of ultra-high temperature for a long time (400℃ / 6 months) in the real storage environment. In addition, in view of the need for a stress loading device for subsequent tests of the system, that is, to apply stress conditions similar to those of deep high-temperature heat storage to a five-meter-scale large-scale similar physical model, the system should have good thermal insulation and cooling functions while having good stress loading capabilities, and ultimately achieve the purpose of preventing high temperature from being transmitted with the stress loading device and causing damage to the overall system. It should be pointed out that the existing patents have failed to achieve the above functions, and the present invention will fill the gaps in these functions, that is, to provide a favorable research tool for the complex thermal response of deep high-temperature heat storage storage projects.

[0006] Since it is very difficult to develop a similar physical model at a meter-scale ultra-large scale, there are few simulation methods for deep high-temperature heat storage based on similar physical models at a meter-scale ultra-large scale. The system in this patent provides a simulation environment similar to deep heat storage. This system should simulate the increase in geothermal gradient in the real environment very well. The devices in the patents mentioned above have failed to achieve the increase in geothermal gradient in the real environment with a good simulation of similar physical models, and the above patents have no thermal insulation and cooling solutions, so there are great safety hazards in high-temperature experiments in the above devices.

[0007] At the same time, other physical model experiments simulating deep high-temperature heat storage have not yet achieved a good simulation of the increase in geothermal gradient in the real environment in similar physical models. There is a problem of insufficient thermal insulation and cooling schemes in similar physical models of ultra-large scales of meters under high temperatures of up to 400°C and long-term insulation of up to 6 months. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model.

[0009] A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-level large-scale physical model, specifically including a five-meter-level similar physical model, a heating component, a heat storage sealing layer, a cooling layer, a thermal insulation layer, a temperature monitoring servo control system, and a stress-strain monitoring system;

[0010] The five-meter-level similar physical model is prepared by 3D printing, and the five-meter-level similar physical model is constructed by using materials with similar physical properties to the deep high-temperature thermal storage; the five-meter-level similar physical model is closely fitted with the thermal storage sealing layer, the cooling layer, and the thermal insulation layer from the inside to the outside;

[0011] The heating assembly is built into the bottom of a five-meter-class similar physical model, and has several layers. Each layer of heating assembly includes a heating plate and a heating rod. The heating plate and the heating rod are connected at intervals. Each heating plate and the heating rod form a heating assembly. Each heating assembly is connected to a temperature sensor. The heating assembly uses the temperature monitoring servo control system to perform independent temperature servo control.

[0012] The heat storage sealing layer is sealed by using copper sheet material to fully cover the five-meter-level similar physical model;

[0013] The heat storage sealing layer is formed by integrally connecting thin copper sheets, and is prefabricated on the inner side of the cooling layer in the form of a top opening before the model is printed. After the model is printed, the top is welded and sealed as a whole, and a sealing test is performed.

[0014] The heat storage sealing layer retains pipeline and line openings;

[0015] The cooling layer is located between the thermal insulation layer and the heat storage sealing layer, and fits tightly with the two. The cooling layer is evenly distributed on the six surfaces of the five-meter-level similar physical model. A number of cooling pipes are arranged on the cooling layer at the same time. A coolant inlet water collecting pipe and a coolant outlet water collecting pipe are arranged between the cooling layers. The coolant inlet water collecting pipe and the coolant outlet water collecting pipe are both flexibly connected and arranged on the same side. Only the coolant flows through them without being subjected to stress. The six cooling layers in the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system are connected in series, and only two coolant inlet and outlet main pipes, one in and one out, are retained in the final model.

[0016] A plurality of cooling pipes are arranged inside each cooling layer. When cooling by cooling layer is adopted, the coolant enters the cooling pipe through the coolant inlet, the coolant inlet water collecting pipe and the coolant inlet control solenoid valve in sequence to absorb heat, and then is discharged to the outside from the cooling pipe through the coolant outlet control solenoid valve, the coolant outlet water collecting pipe and the coolant outlet. The front section of the solenoid valve in each cooling layer has a built-in electronic flow meter. While monitoring the flow of the coolant in the pipe at any time, each cooling pipe is independently controlled by the temperature monitoring servo control system, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the temperature gradient of the model.

[0017] The cooling layer adopts a multi-tube design. Each cooling tube is provided with two control solenoid valves, one for inlet and one for outlet. The solenoid valve is a linear solenoid valve body, and an electronic flow meter is provided at the front section of the solenoid valve. The thermal insulation layer is a double-layer high-purity aluminum-containing fiberboard material. The outermost six surfaces of the five-meter-class similar physical model are provided with thermal insulation layers. Preferably, each thermal insulation layer should be 0.25m thick and assembled in an interlocking manner.

[0018] The thermal insulation layer is arranged in a double layer, the thermal insulation inner layer close to the sample is an aluminum silicate fiberboard, and the outermost layer is an outer thermal insulation alumina fiberboard; the thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the printed physical model in a three-way interlocking form, and the thermal insulation layer is temporarily fixed before printing to form a printed physical model mold.

[0019] When the thermal insulation layer is interlocked and assembled before 3D printing, a layer of flexible high-temperature resistant epoxy resin is added to the internal gap;

[0020] The temperature monitoring servo control system adopts prefabricated fiber grating sensors and temperature sensors to monitor and transmit the temperature of a five-meter-level similar physical model. Fiber grating sensors are arranged in the area outside the meter-level cracking zone, and high-temperature resistant temperature sensors are arranged in the meter-level cracking zone for temperature measurement. Both the fiber grating sensors and high-temperature resistant temperature sensors are prefabricated inside the sample during the 3D printing stage to monitor the temperature inside the five-meter-level large physical model, while the outer surface of the five-meter-level large physical model is monitored by bonding the fiber grating sensors.

[0021] The stress-strain monitoring system uses strain sensors to monitor and transmit the strain-stress conditions of a similar physical model at the five-meter level. The strain sensor is arranged together with the fiber grating sensor and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor, that is, the temperature measurement position is also the strain measurement position.

[0022] When the temperature monitoring servo control system performs temperature monitoring on a 3D printed five-meter-level similar physical model, a monitoring point should be pre-selected before 3D printing. During 3D printing, the monitoring point is located at the meter-level cracking zone in the five-meter-level similar physical model. The temperature at this location is higher than that of other parts of the five-meter-level similar physical model. A high-temperature resistant temperature sensor is used for monitoring, while a fiber grating sensor is used for monitoring outside the meter-level cracking zone in the five-meter-level similar physical model.

[0023] All lines in the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system are routed from bottom to top in close contact with the heat storage sealing layer and connected to the outside from the top.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0025] The present invention provides a deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention is applied to the field of large-scale physical model experiments. A heating component monitored and independently regulated by a temperature monitoring servo control system is used to heat a five-meter-level similar physical model in the form of bottom heating. At the same time, the cooling liquid in and out of each cooling tube in the cooling plate is independently controlled to achieve the purpose of simulating the application of geothermal gradients in a real environment. At the same time, the problem of too low edge temperature during heat transfer is well solved, providing a thermal environment of up to 400°C with a maximum insulation time of 6 months, which is close to the real state, for subsequent geothermal injection and fracturing experiments based on a five-meter-level similar physical model.

[0027] 2. Since fiber Bragg grating sensors are larger than expensive high-temperature resistant temperature sensors, and fiber Bragg grating sensors may have inaccurate temperature measurement when affected by large strains, this system uses fiber Bragg grating sensors in areas outside the meter-level fracturing zone and high-temperature resistant temperature sensors in the meter-level fracturing zone to precisely monitor the temperature of the five-meter-level similar physical model during the entire process. This not only avoids the problem that excessive strain changes in the meter-level fracturing zone during subsequent geothermal injection and fracturing experiments based on the five-meter-level similar physical model will lead to inaccurate temperature measurement by fiber Bragg grating sensors, but also avoids the problem that burying too large fiber Bragg grating sensors in the meter-level fracturing zone will affect the cracking mode and direction of the cracks in the subsequent geothermal injection and fracturing experiments based on the five-meter-level similar physical model, thereby causing the experimental results to be invalid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-level large-scale physical model of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the cooling layer of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the heating component of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the temperature monitoring servo control system and the stress-strain monitoring system;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the temperature monitoring servo control system and the stress-strain monitoring system;

[0033] In the figure, 1. five-meter-level similar physical model, 11. cracking zone, 2. heating component, 21 heating plate, 22 heating rod, 3. heat storage sealing layer, 4. cooling layer, 41. coolant inlet, 42 coolant outlet, 43. coolant inlet water collecting pipe, 44. coolant outlet water collecting pipe, 45. coolant inlet control solenoid valve, 46. coolant outlet control solenoid valve, 47. cooling pipe, 5. thermal insulation layer, 6. temperature monitoring servo control system, 61. fiber grating sensor, 62. data transmission line, 63. high temperature resistant temperature sensor, 7. stress-strain monitoring system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0035] It illustrates the present invention but is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-scale large-scale physical model, such as Figure 1 As shown, it specifically includes a five-meter-level similar physical model, a heating component, a heat storage sealing layer, a cooling layer, a thermal insulation layer, a temperature monitoring servo control system, and a stress-strain monitoring system;

[0037] The deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-level large-scale physical model can provide a high-temperature environment of up to 400°C, a heat preservation time of up to 6 months, a sample heating rate of up to 5°C / h, and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5°C;

[0038] The five-meter-level similar physical model is prepared by 3D printing, and the five-meter-level similar physical model is constructed by using materials with similar physical properties to the deep high-temperature thermal storage; the five-meter-level similar physical model is closely fitted with the thermal storage sealing layer, the cooling layer, and the thermal insulation layer from the inside to the outside; the five-meter-level similar physical model can be prepared into a complex structural rock mass containing fault structure surfaces and fracture surfaces;

[0039] In this embodiment, subsequent geothermal injection and production, hydraulic fracturing and other tests in a five-meter-level similar physical model will be able to obtain an ultra-large meter-level fracturing zone, which has temperature and stress environmental conditions similar to those of the deep high-temperature thermal reservoir rock mass. At the same time, in addition to the complete physical model, the deep high-temperature thermal reservoir characteristic model can also be printed with a prefabricated fault structure model, a prefabricated smooth fracture model, and a prefabricated rough fracture model.

[0040] The heating component is as Figure 3As shown, it is built into the bottom of a five-meter-level similar physical model, with a total of several layers. The bottom heating method is conducive to simulating the geothermal gradient of a real deep high-temperature heat reservoir. The heating temperature can reach up to 400°C, the heating rate can reach up to 5°C / h, and the temperature control accuracy is accurate to ±0.5°C; the heating component can achieve long-term insulation for up to 6 months; each layer of heating components includes a heating plate and a heating rod, and the heating plate and the heating rod are connected at intervals. Each heating plate and the heating rod form a heating component, and each heating component is connected with a temperature sensor specifically used to monitor the temperature of the heating component. The heating components all use the temperature monitoring servo control system for independent temperature servo control, which is convenient for precise control of the heating temperature. The preferred size of the heating plate is 3m×3m×0.1m, and the size of the heating rod is 3m×φ0.1m (with heat sink fin thickness). The size of the combined heating component is 3m×3m×0.5m.

[0041] The heat storage sealing layer is fully covered and sealed with copper sheet material on the five-meter-level similar physical model, and has good ductility, so that stress can be transmitted well. At the same time, the heat storage sealing layer has good thermal conductivity, so that the five-meter-level similar physical model can be quickly cooled down under the action of the cooling plate. The preferred material of the heat storage sealing layer is a thin copper sheet with a thickness of 0.3mm-1mm. The heat storage sealing layer not only has good ductility, but also has a good sealing effect;

[0042] The heat storage sealing layer is formed by integrally connecting thin copper sheets, and is prefabricated on the inner side of the cooling layer in the form of a top opening before the model is printed. After the model is printed, the top is welded and sealed as a whole, and a sealing test is performed.

[0043] The heat storage sealing layer retains pipeline and line openings;

[0044] The cooling layer is Figure 2 As shown, it is located between the thermal insulation layer and the heat storage sealing layer and fits closely with the two. The cooling layer is evenly distributed on the six surfaces of the five-meter-level similar physical model. A plurality of cooling pipes are arranged on the cooling layer at the same time to increase the cooling area and achieve the effect of rapid heat transfer. The coolant is determined according to different situations. In low-temperature experiments, it is water or aqueous solution. In medium-temperature experiments, it is proposed to use organic solution. In high-temperature experiments, liquid metal is used. In special cases, gas-liquid two-phase flow cooling and other forms can also be used for treatment. A coolant inlet water collecting pipe (43) and a coolant outlet water collecting pipe are arranged between the cooling layers. The coolant inlet water collecting pipe and the coolant outlet water collecting pipe are both flexibly connected and arranged on the same side. Only the coolant flows through without being subjected to stress. The connection of the six cooling layers in the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system adopts a serial connection mode. Finally, only two coolant inlet and outlet main pipes are retained in the model.

[0045] A plurality of cooling pipes are arranged inside each cooling layer. When cooling by the cooling layer is adopted, the coolant enters the cooling pipe through the coolant inlet, the coolant inlet water collecting pipe and the coolant inlet control solenoid valve in sequence to absorb heat, and then is discharged to the outside from the cooling pipe through the coolant outlet control solenoid valve, the coolant outlet water collecting pipe and the coolant outlet, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid cooling. The front section of the solenoid valve in each cooling layer has a built-in electronic flow meter, which can monitor the flow of the coolant in the pipe at any time, and independently control each cooling pipe through the temperature monitoring servo control system, thereby achieving the purpose of accurately controlling the temperature gradient of the model.

[0046] The cooling layer adopts a multi-tube design. Each cooling tube is equipped with two control solenoid valves, one for inlet and one for outlet. The solenoid valve is a linear solenoid valve body, which is convenient for controlling the flow of coolant in each cooling tube as needed. An electronic flow meter is set in the front section of the solenoid valve to monitor the flow of coolant in the tube at any time. The purpose of controlling each cooling tube individually is to accurately control the temperature gradient of the model. The surrounding area of ​​each tube can be regarded as a temperature strip. When the temperature of the temperature strip is higher than the target temperature, the solenoid valve is opened to cool the temperature strip until the target temperature is reached. At low temperature, the valve body is closed to heat the strip. This operation needs to be repeated for all temperature strips at the same time until the temperatures of all temperature strips are within the target temperature range, that is, the purpose of controlling the temperature gradient is achieved.

[0047] The thermal insulation layer is a double-layer high-purity aluminum-containing fiberboard material. The six outermost surfaces of the five-meter-level similar physical model are all provided with thermal insulation layers because they have the advantages of high operating temperature, small heat storage capacity, resistance to rapid heating and cooling, not easy to crack and fall, and good thermal insulation performance. Preferably, each thermal insulation layer should be 0.25m thick and assembled in an interlocking manner. In addition to opening holes for subsequent experiments, the top thermal insulation layer also has wiring holes reserved at multiple locations for the temperature monitoring servo control system and the stress-strain monitoring system.

[0048] The thermal insulation layer is arranged in two layers, the inner thermal insulation layer close to the sample is aluminum silicate fiberboard, and the outermost thermal insulation layer is aluminum oxide fiberboard; the former focuses on thermal insulation for similar physical models, and the latter focuses on protecting the external mechanical framework. The above are all flexible materials, which can make this deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model and the real-time high-temperature true three-dimensional stress loading system flexibly fit, and can better transmit the stress field. The thermal insulation layer is wrapped in a three-directional interlocking form to print the physical model, and the thermal insulation layer is temporarily fixed before printing to form a printed physical model mold.

[0049] When the thermal insulation layer is interlocked and assembled before 3D printing, a layer of flexible high-temperature resistant epoxy resin is added to the internal gap. The high-temperature resistant epoxy resin still has a certain bonding ability when it is greatly deformed, so as to further seal the gap.

[0050] The temperature monitoring servo control system uses prefabricated fiber grating sensors and temperature sensors to monitor and transmit the temperature of a five-meter-level similar physical model. A fiber grating sensor is set in the area outside the meter-level cracking zone, and a high-temperature resistant temperature sensor is set in the meter-level cracking zone for temperature measurement; both the fiber grating sensor and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor are prefabricated inside the sample during the 3D printing stage to monitor the temperature inside the five-meter-level large physical model, and the outer surface of the five-meter-level large physical model is monitored by bonding the fiber grating sensor. Preferably, the FBG fiber grating sensor is used in the area outside the meter-level cracking zone, and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor should be used in the meter-level cracking zone. Preferably, the fiber grating sensor should be selected to be resistant to 400°C high temperature, with a temperature measurement accuracy of ±0.5°C, and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor should be selected as a Pt temperature sensor, and its operating temperature range is -40°C to +1000°C.

[0051] The stress-strain monitoring system uses strain sensors to monitor and transmit the strain-stress conditions of a similar physical model at the five-meter level. The strain sensor is arranged together with the fiber grating sensor and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor, that is, the temperature measurement position is also the position for measuring strain. Preferably, the strain sensor should be selected at a high temperature of 400°C and the measurement accuracy should be 0.1%FS.

[0052] The overall layout diagram of the temperature monitoring servo control system and the stress-strain monitoring system is as follows: Figure 4 as shown; Figure 5 For temperature monitoring servo control system and stress-strain monitoring system Figure 4 Dashed line cross-sectional schematic diagram;

[0053] All lines in the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system are routed in a manner that closely fits the heat storage sealing layer (3) from bottom to top and are connected to the outside from the top.

[0054] The five-meter-level similar physical model 1 designed in this embodiment has a size of 4.5m×4.5m×4.5m and is prepared by 3D printing. The thermal insulation layer 5 installed on the six outermost surfaces of the five-meter-level similar physical model 1 in an interlocking manner needs to be assembled before 3D printing, that is, before 3D printing, the remaining five surfaces other than the top thermal insulation layer 5 are first installed in an interlocking manner as the frame of the five-meter-level similar physical model 1 during 3D printing. Figure 2The arrangement shown in the figure can be placed from bottom to top before 3D printing, with a 0.25m thick thermal insulation layer 5 and a cooling layer 4, a 0.3mm thick heat storage sealing layer 3, and a 3m×3m×0.5m heating component 2. During the printing process, the multi-layer heating component 2 at the bottom is placed in time according to the Figure 3 As shown, the installation of the heating plate 21 and the heating rod 22 is completed and placed at a predetermined position at the bottom to be tightly combined with the printing material.

[0055] During the 3D printing process, prefabricated fiber grating sensors and temperature and strain sensors should be installed at designated locations to facilitate subsequent temperature-strain-strain monitoring and to connect and arrange the layout of related lines. After the 3D printing is completed, the top surface thermal insulation layer 5 and the five surfaces of the frame used as the five-meter-level similar physical model 1 during 3D printing are installed in an interlocking manner.

[0056] The prepared five-meter-level similar physical model 1 is heated from bottom to top using the heating component 2. The temperature of each heating unit of the heating component 2 is controlled under the control of the temperature monitoring servo control system 6, and the flow rate of the coolant in each cooling pipe 47 in the cooling layer 4 is precisely controlled to control the temperature, so that the temperature gradient in this physical model can reach the real state of deep high-temperature heat storage as much as possible.

[0057] After the test, the coolant inlet control solenoid valve 45 and the coolant outlet control solenoid valve 46 in the cooling layer 4 that control the flow state of the coolant in the cooling pipe 47 should be opened first, so that the coolant flows in the cooling pipe 47, thereby achieving the purpose of rapid cooling.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the technical solutions formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the above inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure to form a technical solution.

Claims

1. A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model, characterized in that: It includes a five-meter-level similar physical model, heating components, heat storage sealing layer, cooling layer, thermal insulation layer, temperature monitoring servo control system, and stress-strain monitoring system; The five-meter-level similar physical model is prepared by 3D printing, and the five-meter-level similar physical model is constructed by using materials with similar physical properties to the deep high-temperature thermal storage; the five-meter-level similar physical model is closely fitted with the thermal storage sealing layer, the cooling layer, and the thermal insulation layer from the inside to the outside; The heating assembly is built into the bottom of a five-meter-class similar physical model, and has several layers. Each layer of heating assembly includes a heating plate and a heating rod. The heating plate and the heating rod are connected at intervals. Each heating plate and the heating rod form a heating assembly. Each heating assembly is connected to a temperature sensor. The heating assembly uses the temperature monitoring servo control system to perform independent temperature servo control. The heat storage sealing layer is formed by integrally connecting thin copper sheets. Before the model is printed, it is prefabricated on the inner side of the cooling layer in the form of a top opening. After the model is printed, the top is welded and sealed as a whole, and a sealing test is performed. The heat storage sealing layer retains pipeline and line openings; The cooling layer is located between the thermal insulation layer and the heat storage sealing layer, and fits tightly with the two. The cooling layer is evenly distributed on the six surfaces of the five-meter-level similar physical model. A plurality of cooling pipes are arranged on the cooling layer at the same time. A coolant inlet water collecting pipe and a coolant outlet water collecting pipe are arranged between the cooling layer and the cooling layer. The coolant inlet water collecting pipe and the coolant outlet water collecting pipe are both flexibly connected and arranged on the same side, and only the coolant flows through without being subjected to stress. The connection of the six cooling layers in the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system is serially connected, and only two coolant inlet and outlet main pipes, one inlet and one outlet, are retained in the final model. The thermal insulation layer is arranged in two layers, the inner thermal insulation layer close to the sample is an aluminum silicate fiberboard, and the outermost thermal insulation layer is an aluminum oxide fiberboard; the thermal insulation layer is wrapped around the printed physical model in a three-way interlocking form, and the thermal insulation layer is temporarily fixed before printing to form a printed physical model mold; The temperature monitoring servo control system adopts prefabricated fiber grating sensors and temperature sensors to monitor and transmit the temperature of the five-meter-level similar physical model. The fiber grating sensor is set in the area outside the meter-level cracking zone, and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor is set in the meter-level cracking zone for temperature measurement. The fiber grating sensor and the high-temperature resistant temperature sensor are prefabricated inside the sample during the 3D printing stage to monitor the temperature inside the five-meter-level large physical model, and the outer surface of the five-meter-level large physical model is monitored by bonding the fiber grating sensor. The stress-strain monitoring system adopts a strain sensor, and the strain sensor is arranged at the same position as the fiber grating sensor and the high temperature resistant temperature sensor.

2. A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage sealing layer is sealed by using copper sheet material to fully cover a five-meter-level similar physical model.

3. A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of cooling pipes are arranged inside the cooling layer. When cooling is performed by the cooling layer, the coolant passes through the coolant inlet, the coolant inlet water collecting pipe, and the coolant inlet control solenoid valve in sequence to enter the cooling pipe to absorb heat, and then is discharged to the outside from the cooling pipe through the coolant outlet control solenoid valve, the coolant outlet water collecting pipe, and the coolant outlet. The front section of the solenoid valve in each cooling layer has a built-in electronic flow meter. While monitoring the flow of the coolant in the pipe at any time, each cooling pipe is independently controlled by the temperature monitoring servo control system to achieve the purpose of accurately controlling the temperature gradient of the model.

4. A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling layer adopts a multi-tube design, and each cooling tube is provided with two control solenoid valves, one inlet and one outlet. The solenoid valve is a linear solenoid valve body, and an electronic flow meter is provided at the front section of the solenoid valve; the thermal insulation layer is a double-layer high-purity aluminum-containing fiberboard material, and the outermost six surfaces of the five-meter-class similar physical model are all provided with thermal insulation layers, and the thermal insulation layers are assembled in an interlocking manner.

5. The deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the thermal insulation layer is interlocked and assembled before 3D printing, a layer of flexible high-temperature resistant epoxy resin is added to the internal gap.

6. A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the temperature monitoring servo control system performs temperature monitoring on a 3D printed five-meter-level similar physical model, a monitoring point should be pre-selected before 3D printing. During 3D printing, the monitoring point is located at the meter-level cracking zone in the five-meter-level similar physical model. The temperature at this location is higher than that of other parts of the five-meter-level similar physical model. A high-temperature resistant temperature sensor is used for monitoring, while a fiber grating sensor is used for monitoring outside the meter-level cracking zone in the five-meter-level similar physical model.

7. A deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1, characterized in that: All lines in the deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system are routed from bottom to top in close contact with the heat storage sealing layer and connected to the outside from the top.

8. The deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system based on a five-meter-class large-scale physical model according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deep high-temperature heat storage simulation system can provide a high-temperature environment of up to 400°C, a heat preservation time of up to 6 months, a sample heating rate of up to 5°C / h, and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5°C.

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