A method and apparatus for detecting wear of a hob

Abstract

This invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting cutter wear. The method includes: acquiring the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; determining the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter based on the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; writing the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the cutter replacement time as a single instantaneous wear amount data record into a database; extracting the instantaneous wear amount data from the database according to a preset method to determine a dataset; determining the minimum number of wear amount determinations based on the dataset; and determining the current cutter wear amount from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear amount determinations and the data continuity determination result; wherein the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset. This invention solves the problems of poor engineering practicality and low calculation accuracy of existing cutter wear detection methods, and achieves accurate calculation of the cutter wear amount of tunnel boring machines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for detecting cutter wear. Background Technology

[0002] This section is intended to provide background or context for embodiments of the invention as set forth in the claims. The description herein is not an admission that it is prior art simply because it is included in this section.

[0003] During tunnel boring machine (TBM) construction, various geological conditions are encountered, such as sand and gravel strata and composite strata. Hard strata can cause TBM cutter wear to accelerate and may even lead to cutter damage. Once a cutter on the cutterhead malfunctions, it will quickly affect adjacent cutters, reducing their service life and further impacting the overall cutterhead and TBM tunneling efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to replace a cutter on the TBM cutterhead in a timely manner when it is worn out or malfunctions.

[0004] In recent years, with the continuous advancement and development of sensing and computer technologies, many experts and scholars have conducted research on methods for calculating cutter wear. One approach involves installing upper and lower displacement sensors to determine whether the cutter has reached its wear limit. This method only identifies the cutter as having reached its limit when it does, making it impossible to assess wear before the limit is reached. This hinders planned cutter replacement and maintenance by on-site construction personnel. Another approach involves capturing images of the cutter to identify wear levels. However, during actual tunneling, the cutter surface is often covered with mud or slag, making image recognition insufficient for accurate cutter wear calculations. Existing methods for detecting cutter wear in tunnel boring machines suffer from limited practicality and poor accuracy. Therefore, designing a more practical and accurate cutter wear detection method and system is essential.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a new solution that can solve the above-mentioned technical problems is a technical challenge that urgently needs to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a method for detecting cutter wear, which solves the problems of poor engineering practicality and low calculation accuracy of existing cutter wear detection methods, and achieves accurate calculation of cutter wear in tunnel boring machines. The method includes:

[0007] Obtain the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head;

[0008] The instantaneous wear of the hob is determined based on the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head.

[0009] Write the instantaneous wear of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the hob change time as a single instantaneous wear data record into the database;

[0010] Extract the instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter from the database according to a preset method to determine the dataset;

[0011] Based on the dataset, determine the minimum number of wear indicators.

[0012] Based on the minimum wear determination number and the data continuity determination result, the current hob wear amount is determined from the dataset; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset.

[0013] This invention also provides a hob wear detection device, comprising:

[0014] The rotation speed acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head;

[0015] The instantaneous wear determination module for hobs is used to determine the instantaneous wear of the hob based on the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head.

[0016] The hob instantaneous wear data writing module is used to write the instantaneous wear of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the hob tool change time as a hob instantaneous wear data record into the database;

[0017] The dataset determination module is used to extract instantaneous wear data of the hob from the database according to a preset method and determine the dataset;

[0018] The module for determining the minimum number of wear indicators is used to determine the minimum number of wear indicators based on the dataset.

[0019] The current hob wear determination module is used to determine the current hob wear from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear determinations and the data continuity determination result; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset.

[0020] This invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the above-described hobbing tool wear detection method.

[0021] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described hobbing tool wear detection method.

[0022] This invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described hobbing tool wear detection method.

[0023] This invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting cutter wear, comprising: acquiring the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; determining the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter based on the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; writing the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the cutter replacement time as a single instantaneous wear amount data record into a database; extracting the instantaneous wear amount data from the database according to a preset method to determine a dataset; determining the minimum number of wear amount determinations based on the dataset; and determining the current cutter wear amount from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear amount determinations and the data continuity determination result; wherein the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset. This invention proposes a cutter wear detection method that, by calculating the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter in real time, can obtain the current cutter wear amount of the tunnel boring machine after each ring of tunneling is completed. It can promptly obtain the wear status of the cutter, and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead are easily obtained. This solves the problems of poor engineering practicality and low calculation accuracy of existing cutter wear detection methods, and achieves accurate calculation of the cutter wear amount of the tunnel boring machine. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hobbing cutter wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a hobbing cutter wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the dataset in a hob wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the minimum number of cutter wear detection methods according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the current wear amount of a hob in a hob wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a computer device for running a hobbing cutter wear detection method according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a hobbing cutter wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hob wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a method for detecting cutter wear, which solves the problems of poor engineering practicality and low calculation accuracy of existing cutter wear detection methods, and achieves accurate calculation of cutter wear in tunnel boring machines. The method includes:

[0034] Step 101: Obtain the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head;

[0035] Step 102: Determine the instantaneous wear of the hob based on the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head;

[0036] Step 103: Write the instantaneous wear amount of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the hob tool change time as a single instantaneous wear amount data record into the database;

[0037] Step 104: Extract the instantaneous wear data of the hob from the database according to the preset method, and determine the dataset;

[0038] Step 105: Based on the dataset, determine the minimum number of wear indicators;

[0039] Step 106: Determine the current hob wear amount from the dataset based on the minimum wear amount identification number and the data continuity determination result; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset.

[0040] This invention provides a method for detecting cutter wear, comprising: acquiring the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; determining the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter based on the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; writing the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the cutter replacement time as a single data entry for instantaneous cutter wear into a database; extracting the instantaneous wear amount data from the database according to a preset method to determine a dataset; determining the minimum number of wear amount determinations based on the dataset; and determining the current cutter wear amount from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear amount determinations and the data continuity determination result; wherein the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset. This invention proposes a method for detecting cutter wear that, by calculating the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter in real time, can obtain the current cutter wear amount of the tunnel boring machine after each ring of tunneling is completed. It can promptly obtain the wear status of the cutter, and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead are easily obtained. This solves the problems of poor engineering practicality and low calculation accuracy of existing cutter wear detection methods, and achieves accurate calculation of the cutter wear amount of the tunnel boring machine.

[0041] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a hob wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the hob wear detection method provided by the present invention, the method includes:

[0042] Obtain the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head;

[0043] The instantaneous wear of the hob is determined based on the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head.

[0044] Write the instantaneous wear of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the hob change time as a single instantaneous wear data record into the database;

[0045] Extract the instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter from the database according to a preset method to determine the dataset;

[0046] Based on the dataset, determine the minimum number of wear indicators.

[0047] Based on the minimum wear determination number and the data continuity determination result, the current hob wear amount is determined from the dataset; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset.

[0048] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided in this invention, in one embodiment, obtaining the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head includes:

[0049] The real-time rotational speed V1 of the hob is obtained by a first rotational speed sensor installed in the hob barrel;

[0050] The real-time rotational speed V2 of the cutter head is obtained by using a second rotational speed sensor installed on the cutter head.

[0051] To accurately calculate the wear of the cutterhead, this embodiment requires speed sensors. A first speed sensor is installed in the cutterhead cylinder, and a second speed sensor is installed on the drive shaft of the cutterhead. These speed sensors acquire real-time speeds. Specifically, the real-time speed of the cutterhead is obtained from the first speed sensor installed in the cutterhead cylinder, and the real-time speed of the cutterhead is obtained from the second speed sensor installed on the cutterhead. By installing speed sensors on the cutterhead cylinder and cutterhead, the small size of the sensors and their absence from the working face avoids the reduction in tunneling efficiency caused by adding additional detection devices and does not affect the normal working face.

[0052] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided in this invention, in one embodiment, the instantaneous wear amount of the hob is determined based on the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head, including:

[0053] Based on the real-time rotational speed V1 of the hob and the real-time rotational speed V2 of the cutter head, combined with the theoretical radius r of the hob and the radius of the tool path R, the instantaneous wear amount W of the hob is determined by the rotational speed ratio S.

[0054] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the instantaneous wear amount of the hob is determined in the following manner:

[0055] W = r × (1 - 100 / S)

[0056] S=(V1×100) / [(V2×R) / r] (1)

[0057] Where W is the instantaneous wear of the hob; V1 is the real-time rotational speed of the hob; V2 is the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head; r is the theoretical radius of the hob; R is the radius of the tool path; and S is the speed ratio. In one example, the instantaneous wear of the hob is rounded to the nearest millimeter.

[0058] The aforementioned expression for determining the instantaneous wear of the hob is for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will understand that, in practice, the above formula can be modified in a certain way and other parameters or data can be added, or other specific formulas can be provided. All such variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0059] In this embodiment, the instantaneous wear amount W of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time T, the current ring number N, and the hob tool change time t are written into the database as a single instantaneous wear amount data of the hob.

[0060] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the dataset in a hob wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, in a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided by the present invention, in one embodiment, instantaneous hob wear data is extracted from the database according to a preset method to determine the dataset, including:

[0061] Step 301: When the ring number in the PLC changes, extract the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the previous ring from the database to determine whether the tool change occurred in the previous ring;

[0062] Step 302: If the cutter change occurs in the previous ring, then use the instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter from the moment of cutter change to the completion of tunneling in the previous ring as the dataset, and set the value of the cutter wear before the ring number change to zero.

[0063] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, one embodiment further includes: if the tool change does not occur in the previous ring, then the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the entire previous ring is used as a dataset, and the tool wear before the ring number change is recorded.

[0064] In this embodiment, the loop number in the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is monitored for changes. When the loop number in the PLC changes, the instantaneous wear data of the cutter in the previous loop is extracted from the database. Using the cutter replacement time t in the instantaneous wear data, it is determined whether the cutter replacement occurred in the previous loop. If the cutter replacement occurred in the previous loop, multiple instantaneous wear data of the cutter from the cutter replacement time to the completion time of the previous loop are collected as a dataset C, and the cutter wear amount m before the loop number change is set to 0. If the cutter replacement did not occur in the previous loop, multiple instantaneous wear data of the cutter in the entire previous loop are collected as dataset C, and the cutter wear amount m before the loop number change is recorded. The cutter wear amount before the loop number change can be calculated based on the instantaneous wear data of the cutter in the dataset, or it can be directly measured and recorded at the completion time of each loop.

[0065] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the minimum number of cutter wear detection methods according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, in a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided by the present invention, in one embodiment, the minimum number of wear determinations is determined based on the dataset, including:

[0066] Step 401: Remove outliers from the dataset using an outlier removal algorithm;

[0067] Step 402: Determine the minimum number of wear values ​​to be identified based on the number of instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter in the removed dataset.

[0068] In this embodiment, outlier removal algorithms such as box plot algorithm and clustering algorithm are used to remove outlier values ​​from the dataset. Then, based on the number A of instantaneous wear data of hobbing cutter in the removed dataset, the minimum number of wear values ​​to be identified, a, is determined.

[0069] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided in this invention, in one embodiment, outlier values ​​in the dataset are removed using an outlier removal algorithm, including:

[0070] Set a tool wear threshold range and delete the instantaneous hob wear data in the dataset that does not fall within the tool wear threshold range;

[0071] Outliers in the current dataset are identified using box plot algorithms and / or clustering algorithms, and these outliers are removed from the current dataset.

[0072] In this embodiment, based on actual operation data, the tool wear is generally between 0-50mm. Therefore, the tool wear threshold range can be set to 0-50mm. It cannot be less than 0mm or greater than 50mm (the tool will be replaced before reaching 50mm of wear). Thus, it can be determined whether the data in the dataset falls within the tool wear threshold range. When the data in the previous loop has a wear of less than 0 or greater than 50mm, it indicates that it does not fall within the tool wear threshold range. This is often due to abnormal data caused by sensors or other reasons. For such abnormal data that can be directly judged, this part of the data is deleted directly when removing outliers. Then, for the data between 0-50mm, an outlier removal algorithm can be used to remove outliers, which can improve the accuracy of outlier removal.

[0073] In implementing the hob wear detection method provided in this embodiment of the invention, in one embodiment, the minimum number of wear determinations is determined as follows:

[0074] a=A×p (2)

[0075] Where 'a' represents the minimum number of wear measurements; 'A' represents the number of instantaneous wear measurements of the hob; and 'p' represents the minimum wear percentage. Specifically, the value of 'p' is determined by the on-site construction conditions and is generally taken as 1%. When the calculated value of 'a' is ≥ 2, it is retained; when the calculated value of 'a' is < 2, it is set to 2.

[0076] The aforementioned expression for determining the minimum number of wear indicators is for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will understand that, in practice, the above formula can be modified in a certain way and other parameters or data can be added, or other specific formulas can be provided. All such variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the process of determining the current wear amount of a hob in a hob wear detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, in a specific implementation of the hob wear detection method provided by the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the current hob wear amount is determined from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear determinations, including:

[0078] Step 501: Round the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the dataset according to a preset size, calculate the number of identical rounded instantaneous wear data of the hob in the dataset, and arrange the rounded instantaneous wear data of the hob in ascending order;

[0079] Step 502: Determine whether the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the minimum number of data points for determining wear value;

[0080] Step 503: If the number of data with the maximum value of instantaneous wear of the hob in the dataset is not greater than the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined, then delete the instantaneous wear data of the hob from the dataset, and re-select the instantaneous wear data of the hob from the dataset and compare it with the minimum number of wear values ​​to determine the wear value, until the number of data with the maximum value of instantaneous wear of the hob in the dataset is greater than the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined.

[0081] Step 504: Based on the fact that the number of data with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the number of data with the minimum wear value, determine whether the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset satisfies the data continuity requirement with other instantaneous wear value data of the hob excluding the maximum value.

[0082] Step 505: If the data continuity is not satisfied, the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob is deleted from the dataset. The instantaneous wear of the hob is selected again from the dataset and compared with the minimum number of wear values ​​until the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the dataset satisfies the data continuity with the other instantaneous wear data of the hob except the maximum value. Then the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is output.

[0083] Step 506: Determine the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset and the magnitude of the tool wear before the ring number change;

[0084] Step 507: If the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is greater than the wear of the hob before the ring number change, then the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is taken as the current hob wear.

[0085] Step 508: If the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is less than or equal to the wear of the hob before the ring number change, then the wear of the hob before the ring number change is taken as the current wear of the hob.

[0086] In this embodiment, the data in dataset C is rounded down to the nearest millimeter, the number of identical data points in the dataset is calculated, and the wear data is sorted from smallest to largest.

[0087] Determine if the number of data points with the largest instantaneous wear in dataset C is greater than a. If not, delete this data point from the dataset until the number of data points with the largest instantaneous wear in dataset C is greater than a.

[0088] When the number of data points with the largest instantaneous wear in dataset C is greater than 'a', determine whether the maximum wear value is continuous with other instantaneous wear data. If not, delete this data from dataset C and return to the previous step until the maximum wear value in dataset C is continuous with other instantaneous wear data. At this point, output the maximum instantaneous wear value in dataset C. Determine the relationship between the maximum instantaneous wear value in dataset C and the tool wear value 'm' before the ring number change. If the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset C is greater than the tool wear value 'm' before the ring number change, then use the instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset C as the current hob wear value. If the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset C is less than or equal to the tool wear value 'm' before the ring number change, then use the tool wear value 'm' before the ring number change as the current hob wear value.

[0089] Specifically, since the wear of the cutterhead only increases as the tunnel boring machine advances, it would be illogical for the calculated wear of the current ring to be less than that of the previous ring. If no cutter replacement occurred in this ring before the ring number change, the cutter wear amount m before the ring number change is recorded and compared with the calculated wear amount after the ring number change. The larger one is taken as the wear amount of the current ring. If a cutter replacement occurred in this ring before the ring number change, m is recorded as 0 and compared with the calculated wear amount after the ring number change. The larger one is taken as the wear amount of the current ring.

[0090] When implementing the hob wear detection method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, it is determined whether the data continuity is satisfied in the following manner;

[0091] Determine whether there are data in the dataset that are smaller than the maximum instantaneous wear of the hob by a first preset size and a second preset size. If data of both the first preset size and the second preset size exist, then the data continuity is satisfied.

[0092] If either the first preset size or the second preset size is not present, then the data continuity is not satisfied.

[0093] In this embodiment, the first preset size is set to 1mm and the second preset size is set to 2mm. The method for determining whether the dataset satisfies data continuity is to determine whether there are data in dataset C that are 1mm and 2mm smaller than the maximum instantaneous wear value. If both exist, the dataset is considered to satisfy data continuity; if either does not exist, the data is considered not to satisfy data continuity.

[0094] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a computer device for running a hob wear detection method according to the present invention is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides a computer device 600, including a memory 610, a processor 620, and a computer program 630 stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the above-mentioned hob wear detection method.

[0095] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described hobbing tool wear detection method.

[0096] This invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described hobbing tool wear detection method.

[0097] This invention also provides a hob wear detection device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle by which this device solves the problem is similar to that of a hob wear detection method, the implementation of this device can refer to the implementation of a hob wear detection method; repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0098] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a hob wear detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, this embodiment of the invention also provides a hob wear detection device.

[0099] In one embodiment of the hobbing cutter wear detection device provided by the present invention, the device includes:

[0100] The rotation speed acquisition module 701 is used to acquire the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head.

[0101] The instantaneous wear determination module 702 is used to determine the instantaneous wear of the hob based on the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head.

[0102] The hob instantaneous wear data writing module 703 is used to write the hob instantaneous wear amount, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number and the hob tool change time as a hob instantaneous wear amount data into the database;

[0103] The dataset determination module 704 is used to extract the instantaneous wear data of the hob from the database according to a preset method and determine the dataset;

[0104] The minimum wear amount determination module 705 is used to determine the minimum wear amount determination based on the dataset.

[0105] The current hob wear determination module 706 is used to determine the current hob wear amount from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear determinations and the data continuity determination result; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset.

[0106] In a specific implementation of the hobbing cutter wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the rotation speed acquisition module is specifically used for:

[0107] The real-time rotational speed of the hob is obtained by a first rotational speed sensor installed in the hob barrel;

[0108] The real-time rotational speed of the cutter head is obtained by a second rotational speed sensor installed on the cutter head.

[0109] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in this embodiment of the invention, in one embodiment, the hob instantaneous wear amount determination module is specifically used for:

[0110] Based on the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head, combined with the theoretical radius of the hob and the radius of the tool path, the instantaneous wear of the hob is determined by the rotational speed ratio.

[0111] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the hob instantaneous wear determination module is further used to determine the instantaneous wear of the hob according to the above formula (1).

[0112] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the dataset determination module is specifically used for:

[0113] When the ring number in the PLC changes, the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the previous ring is extracted from the database to determine whether the tool change occurred in the previous ring.

[0114] If the cutter change occurs in the previous ring, then the instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter from the moment of cutter change to the completion of tunneling in the previous ring is used as the dataset, and the value of the cutter wear before the ring number change is set to zero.

[0115] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the data set determination module is further configured to: if the tool change does not occur in the previous ring, use the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the entire previous ring as the data set, and record the tool wear before the ring number change.

[0116] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the minimum wear quantity determination module is specifically used for:

[0117] Outlier removal algorithms are used to remove outliers from the dataset.

[0118] Based on the number of instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter in the removed dataset, determine the minimum number of wear data to be identified.

[0119] In a specific implementation of the hobbing cutter wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the minimum wear quantity determination module is further used for:

[0120] Set a tool wear threshold range and delete the instantaneous hob wear data in the dataset that does not fall within the tool wear threshold range;

[0121] Outliers in the current dataset are identified using box plot algorithms and / or clustering algorithms, and these outliers are removed from the current dataset.

[0122] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the minimum wear amount determination module is also used to determine the minimum wear amount determination number according to the above formula (2).

[0123] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the current hob wear amount determination module is specifically used for:

[0124] The instantaneous wear data of the hob in the dataset is rounded according to a preset size. The number of identical rounded instantaneous wear data of the hob in the dataset is calculated. The rounded instantaneous wear data of the hob are then arranged in ascending order.

[0125] Determine whether the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the minimum number of data points for determining wear value;

[0126] If the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is not greater than the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined, then the instantaneous wear value data of the hob is deleted from the dataset, and the instantaneous wear value data of the hob is re-selected from the dataset and compared with the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined, until the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined.

[0127] Based on the fact that the number of data with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the number of data with the minimum wear value, it is determined whether the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset satisfies the data continuity requirement with other instantaneous wear value data of the hob excluding the maximum value.

[0128] If the data continuity is not satisfied, the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob is deleted from the dataset. The instantaneous wear of the hob is selected again from the dataset and compared with the minimum number of wear values ​​until the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the dataset satisfies the data continuity with other instantaneous wear data of the hob except the maximum value. Then the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is output.

[0129] Determine the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset and the size of the tool wear value before the ring number change;

[0130] If the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is greater than the wear of the hob before the ring number change, then the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset will be used as the current hob wear.

[0131] If the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset is less than or equal to the wear value of the hob before the ring number change, then the wear value of the hob before the ring number change is taken as the current hob wear value.

[0132] In a specific implementation of the hob wear detection device provided in the embodiments of the present invention, in one embodiment, the current hob wear amount determination module is further used to determine whether data continuity is satisfied in the following manner;

[0133] Determine whether there are data in the dataset that are smaller than the maximum instantaneous wear of the hob by a first preset size and a second preset size. If data of both the first preset size and the second preset size exist, then the data continuity is satisfied.

[0134] If either the first preset size or the second preset size is not present, then the data continuity is not satisfied.

[0135] In summary, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for detecting cutter wear, comprising: acquiring the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; determining the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter based on the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead; writing the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the cutter replacement time as a single instantaneous wear amount data record into a database; extracting the instantaneous wear amount data from the database according to a preset method to determine a dataset; determining the minimum number of wear amount determinations based on the dataset; determining the current cutter wear amount from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear amount determinations and the data continuity determination result; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset. This invention proposes a method for detecting cutter wear, which, by calculating the instantaneous wear amount of the cutter in real time, can obtain the current cutter wear amount of the tunnel boring machine after each ring is excavated. It can promptly obtain the wear status of the cutter, and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter and the real-time rotational speed of the cutterhead are easy to obtain. This solves the problems of poor engineering practicality and low calculation accuracy of existing cutter wear detection methods, and achieves accurate calculation of the cutter wear amount of the tunnel boring machine.

[0136] The acquisition, storage, use, and processing of data in this application comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations. All types of data, including personal identity data, operational data, and behavioral data related to individuals, customers, and groups, obtained in this application have been authorized.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0138] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0139] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0140] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0141] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting hob wear, characterized in that, include: Obtain the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head; The instantaneous wear of the hob is determined based on the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head. Write the instantaneous wear of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the hob change time as a single instantaneous wear data record into the database; Extract the instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter from the database according to a preset method to determine the dataset; Based on the dataset, determine the minimum number of wear indicators. Based on the minimum wear determination number and the data continuity determination result, the current hob wear amount is determined from the dataset; the data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset. The instantaneous wear of the hob is determined as follows: W = r × (1 - 100 / S) S=(V1×100) / [(V2×R) / r] Where W is the instantaneous wear of the hob; V1 is the real-time rotational speed of the hob; V2 is the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head; r is the theoretical radius of the hob; R is the radius of the tool path; and S is the speed ratio.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head, including: The real-time rotational speed of the hob is obtained by a first rotational speed sensor installed in the hob barrel; The real-time rotational speed of the cutter head is obtained by a second rotational speed sensor installed on the cutter head.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The instantaneous wear of the hob is determined based on the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head, including: Based on the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head, combined with the theoretical radius of the hob and the radius of the tool path, the instantaneous wear of the hob is determined by the rotational speed ratio.

4. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Extract the instantaneous wear data of the hob from the database according to a preset method, and determine the dataset, including: When the ring number in the PLC changes, the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the previous ring is extracted from the database to determine whether the tool change occurred in the previous ring. If the cutter change occurs in the previous ring, then the instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter from the moment of cutter change to the completion of tunneling in the previous ring is used as the dataset, and the value of the cutter wear before the ring number change is set to zero.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: If the tool change does not occur in the previous ring, the instantaneous wear data of the hob in the entire previous ring is used as the dataset, and the tool wear before the ring number change is recorded.

6. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the dataset, determine the minimum number of wear indicators, including: Outlier removal algorithms are used to remove outliers from the dataset. Based on the number of instantaneous wear data of the hobbing cutter in the removed dataset, determine the minimum number of wear data to be identified.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Outlier removal algorithms are used to remove outliers from the dataset, including: Set a tool wear threshold range and delete the instantaneous hob wear data in the dataset that does not fall within the tool wear threshold range; Outliers in the current dataset are identified using box plot algorithms and / or clustering algorithms, and these outliers are removed from the current dataset.

8. The method as described in claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The minimum number of wear indicators should be determined as follows: a=A×p Where a is the minimum number of wear indicators; A is the number of instantaneous wear data for the hob; and p is the percentage of the minimum wear indicator.

9. The method as described in claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, Based on the minimum wear threshold, the current hob wear is determined from the dataset, including: The instantaneous wear data of the hob in the dataset is rounded according to a preset size. The number of identical rounded instantaneous wear data of the hob in the dataset is calculated. The rounded instantaneous wear data of the hob are then arranged in ascending order. Determine whether the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the minimum number of data points for determining wear value; If the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is not greater than the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined, then the instantaneous wear value data of the hob is deleted from the dataset, and the instantaneous wear value data of the hob is re-selected from the dataset and compared with the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined, until the number of data points with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the minimum number of wear values ​​to be determined. Based on the fact that the number of data with the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset is greater than the number of data with the minimum wear value, it is determined whether the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the dataset satisfies the data continuity requirement with other instantaneous wear value data of the hob excluding the maximum value. If the data continuity is not satisfied, the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob is deleted from the dataset. The instantaneous wear of the hob is selected again from the dataset and compared with the minimum number of wear values ​​until the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the dataset satisfies the data continuity with other instantaneous wear data of the hob except the maximum value. Then the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is output. Determine the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset and the size of the tool wear value before the ring number change; If the maximum value of the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset is greater than the wear of the hob before the ring number change, then the instantaneous wear of the hob in the current dataset will be used as the current hob wear. If the maximum instantaneous wear value of the hob in the current dataset is less than or equal to the wear value of the hob before the ring number change, then the wear value of the hob before the ring number change is taken as the current hob wear value.

10. The method as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Determine whether the data continuity requirement is met using the following method; Determine whether there are data in the dataset that are smaller than the maximum instantaneous wear of the hob by a first preset size and a second preset size. If data of both the first preset size and the second preset size exist, then the data continuity is satisfied. If either the first preset size or the second preset size is not present, then the data continuity is not satisfied.

11. A hob wear detection device, characterized in that, include: The rotation speed acquisition module is used to acquire the real-time rotation speed of the hob and the real-time rotation speed of the cutter head; The instantaneous wear determination module for hobs is used to determine the instantaneous wear of the hob based on the real-time rotational speed of the hob and the real-time rotational speed of the cutter head. The hob instantaneous wear data writing module is used to write the instantaneous wear of the hob, the corresponding instantaneous time, the current ring number, and the hob tool change time as a hob instantaneous wear data record into the database; The dataset determination module is used to extract instantaneous wear data of the hob from the database according to a preset method and determine the dataset; The module for determining the minimum number of wear indicators is used to determine the minimum number of wear indicators based on the dataset. The current hob wear determination module is used to determine the current hob wear from the dataset based on the minimum number of wear determinations and the continuous data determination results. The data continuity determination result is obtained by judging the data continuity of the dataset.

12. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

14. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 10.

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