A blackbody laser ranging system and method based on surface wave transverse spin

Abstract

This invention discloses a blackbody laser ranging system and method based on surface wave transverse spin. The system includes: 1 a digital control system, 2 a laser emitting device, 3 a beam expander, 4 a beam splitter, 5 a PIN photodetector, 6 a main wave amplifier, 7 a blackbody to be measured, 8 a receiving lens, and 9 a photoelectric receiving device. The photoelectric receiving device used in this invention is based on the transverse spin principle of surface waves, utilizing the low power consumption, high speed, and high integration of spintronic devices to achieve accurate measurement of blackbody radiation, filling a gap in existing traditional laser ranging schemes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser ranging technology, specifically relating to a blackbody laser ranging system and method based on surface wave transverse spin. Background Technology

[0002] Due to its advantages such as good directionality, high brightness, and good coherence, laser ranging technology has been widely used in engineering. Among these, pulsed laser ranging technology is particularly prevalent. The main principle of pulsed laser ranging is to emit a laser pulse from a transmitting device and record the initial time t1. After the pulse reaches the target object, it undergoes diffuse reflection and is finally received by an echo detection system, which records the end time t2. By calculating the time interval t = t2 - t1 between the emitted and echoed laser pulses, the distance D to the target object can be calculated using the formula D = c * t / 2, where c represents the speed of light.

[0003] However, when the target object is a blackbody, existing traditional laser ranging methods struggle to achieve accurate ranging. A blackbody is an idealized object; true blackbodies do not exist in nature, but many good approximations do. A blackbody absorbs all incoming electromagnetic radiation and exhibits no reflection or transmission. That is, a blackbody has an absorption coefficient of 1 and a transmission coefficient of 0 for any wavelength of electromagnetic wave. Therefore, traditional laser ranging techniques that rely on diffuse reflection for echo detection are ineffective when measuring blackbody distances. However, a blackbody absorbs all electromagnetic radiation that strikes its surface and converts this radiation into thermal radiation. Its spectral characteristics have a known spectral distribution that depends only on the temperature of the blackbody and is independent of its material composition.

[0004] Surface waves are structured optical fields that propagate along the surface of a medium. Because surface waves possess equivalent rest mass, they exhibit transverse spin. Spin is an intrinsic property of particles and can couple with external fields. As an emerging information carrier, particle spin offers a novel approach to laser ranging technology.

[0005] Today, in order to meet more and more special measurement requirements, people are trying to find new principles to realize laser ranging technology, but there is still no solution for blackbody laser ranging based on the principle of surface wave transverse spin. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a blackbody laser ranging system and method based on surface wave transverse spin, which enables sensitive and rapid detection of blackbodies as targets.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a blackbody laser ranging system based on surface wave transverse spin, comprising: 1 digital control system, 2 laser emitting device, 3 beam expander, 4 beam splitter, 5 PIN photodetector, 6 main wave amplifier, 7 blackbody to be measured, 8 receiving lens, and 9 photoelectric receiving device.

[0008] 1. The digital control system is connected to 2. The laser emitting device is connected to 3. The beam expander is connected to 4. The beam expander is connected to 4. The laser pulse emitted by 2 is split by the beam expander and then by the beam splitter, and enters 5. The photodetector and 7. The target blackbody are respectively connected to 6. The main wave amplifier is connected to 1. The target blackbody absorbs the laser pulse signal and then locally heats up, emitting blackbody radiation with higher energy density, which passes through 8. The receiving lens and reaches 9. The photodetector is connected to 1. The photodetector is connected to 1.

[0009] Furthermore, the 9 photoelectric receiving device structure includes: 10 prism, 11 dielectric, 12 controllable constant magnetic field, 13 magnetic material, 14 spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope, and 15 controller.

[0010] 10. A prism and 11. A dielectric are bonded together to form a surface wave excitation device; 14. A spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope is connected to 15. A magnetic material is located on 11. A magnetic material is located below 14. A spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope is located below 12. A controllable constant magnetic field is present.

[0011] Furthermore, in the photoelectric receiving device, the 14 spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope is made of magnetic material, and the 13 magnetic material is an antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material.

[0012] Furthermore, in the photoelectric receiving device, the echo signal input port of the 9 photoelectric receiving device is one port of the 10 prism; the output signal of the 9 photoelectric receiving device is output to the 1 digital control system via the 15 controller.

[0013] Furthermore, in the photoelectric receiving device, the controller 15 is used to control the movement of the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope 14, and is connected to the digital control system 1.

[0014] Based on the system described above, this invention also proposes a blackbody laser ranging method based on surface wave transverse spin, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0015] S1. Connect the digital control system 1 and the laser emitting device 2 in sequence. The laser emitting device 2 generates and emits high-energy laser pulses, which are expanded and split by the beam expander 3 and the beam splitter 4.

[0016] S2. Part of the laser pulse signal split in step S1 enters the 5-pin photodetector, and then is amplified by the 6-wave amplifier. The start timing signal is then transmitted to the 1-digit digital control system to record the laser pulse emission time t1.

[0017] S3. The laser pulse signal split in step S1, the other part is directed to the black body under test 7. After being absorbed by the black body under test 7, the black body is locally heated and generates high energy density black body radiation. As an echo signal, it enters the photoelectric receiving device 9 after passing through the receiving lens 8 to realize the echo signal detection. The end timing signal is transmitted to the digital control system 1 for fitting and matching, and the echo laser pulse time t2 is recorded.

[0018] The S4.1 digital control system calculates the time interval t = t2 - t1 between the emitted laser pulse and the echo laser pulse, and then calculates the distance D of the target object using the formula D = c * t / 2.

[0019] Where c represents the speed of light.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S3, the process of the photoelectric receiving device 9 implementing echo signal detection is as follows:

[0021] (1) The echo signal is totally reflected by the 10 prism and excites a surface wave on the surface of the 11 dielectric.

[0022] (2) The transverse spin of the surface wave on the dielectric 11 is coupled with the spin of the electron on the magnetic material 13, changing the spin state of the electron inside the magnetic material 13.

[0023] (3) The spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope detected the change in the spin state inside the magnetic material 13, and transmitted the spin change to the digital control system 1 via the controller 15.

[0024] (4)1 After receiving the spin change signal, the digital control system fits the radiation curve and matches it with the blackbody radiation curve to determine that the blackbody to be measured generates the radiation echo signal.

[0025] Furthermore, in the process of the photoelectric receiving device 9 implementing echo signal detection, when no echo signal is received, the internal initialization process of the system is as follows:

[0026] Upon receiving instructions from the digital control system, controller 15 uses the spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope (14) as a spin electron source to generate spin electrons. Under the combined action of the controllable constant magnetic field (12), the spin electrons of the magnetic material (13) are parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, meaning that all the spin electrons inside the magnetic material (13) are pointing upwards.

[0027] Furthermore, in the process of the photoelectric receiving device 9 realizing echo signal detection, when the echo signal is received, the specific steps are as follows:

[0028] When a prism with an echo signal is incident at a specific angle, a dielectric material undergoes total internal reflection, thereby exciting a surface wave on the surface of the dielectric material. Since the surface wave has an equivalent rest mass, the field quantum of the surface wave possesses a transverse spin. Let σ = (σ x ,σ y ,σ z ) represents the Pauli matrix vector;

[0029] Starting from the Hamiltonian of a Dirac electron with mass m and charge e in a surface wave, the following Hamiltonian of the interaction between the transverse spin of the surface wave and the electron spin is derived:

[0030]

[0031] in, The spin operator for electrons, s e and s m The equation represents the transverse spin density vector of the surface wave and describes the coupling between electron spin and surface wave transverse spin.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The system of this invention includes: a digital control system, a laser emitting device, a beam expander, a beam splitter, a PIN photodetector, a main wave amplifier, a blackbody to be measured, a receiving lens, and a photoelectric receiving device. The photoelectric receiving device used in the method of this invention is based on the transverse spin principle of surface waves, and utilizes the low power consumption, high speed, and high integration of spintronic devices to achieve accurate measurement of blackbody radiation, filling the gap in existing traditional laser ranging schemes. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a blackbody laser ranging system based on surface wave transverse spin according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the photoelectric receiving device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the photoelectric receiving device in an embodiment of the present invention when no echo signal is received.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the photoelectric receiving device when receiving an echo signal in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a blackbody radiance curve used for fitting and matching in the digital control system of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a blackbody laser ranging system based on surface wave transverse spin, comprising: 1 a digital control system, 2 a laser emitting device, 3 a beam expander, 4 a beam splitter, 5 a PIN photodetector, 6 a main wave amplifier, 7 a blackbody to be measured, 8 a receiving lens, and 9 a photoelectric receiving device.

[0040] 1. The digital control system is connected to 2. The laser emitting device is connected to 3. The beam expander is connected to 4. The beam expander is connected to 4. The laser pulse emitted by 2 is split by the beam expander and then by the beam splitter, and enters 5. The photodetector and 7. The target blackbody are respectively connected to 6. The main wave amplifier is connected to 1. The target blackbody absorbs the laser pulse signal and then locally heats up, emitting blackbody radiation with higher energy density, which passes through 8. The receiving lens and reaches 9. The photodetector is connected to 1. The photodetector is connected to 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, the second laser emitting device employs a high-energy pulsed laser. When the pulsed laser irradiates the blackbody, it causes the blackbody to rapidly generate localized temperatures, thereby increasing the energy density of the blackbody radiation, which can then be detected by the ninth photoelectric receiving device.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the 9 photoelectric receiving device structure includes: 10 prism, 11 dielectric, 12 controllable constant magnetic field, 13 magnetic material, 14 spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope, and 15 controller.

[0043] 10. A prism and 11. A dielectric are bonded together to form a surface wave excitation device; 14. A spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope is connected to 15. A magnetic material is located on 11. A magnetic material is located below 14. A spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope is located below 12. A controllable constant magnetic field is present.

[0044] In this embodiment, in the photoelectric receiving device, the 14 spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope is made of a magnetic material (e.g., iron), and the 13 magnetic material is an antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material.

[0045] When both the 13 magnetic material and the 14 spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope tip are magnetic, there is an asymmetry in the local state density of spin electrons with different spin directions near the Fermi surface of the 13 magnetic material. This asymmetry leads to the simultaneous existence of non-polarized and polarized currents in the tunneling current between the 14 spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope tip and the surface of the 13 magnetic material. By using separation techniques, information about the surface spin electron states can be obtained from the polarized current.

[0046] In this embodiment, the echo signal input port of the 9 photoelectric receiving device is one port of the 10 prism; the output signal of the 9 photoelectric receiving device is output to the 1 digital control system via the 15 controller.

[0047] In this embodiment, in the photoelectric receiving device, the controller 15 is used to control the movement of the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope 14, and is connected to the digital control system 1.

[0048] Based on the system described above, this embodiment also proposes a blackbody laser ranging method based on surface wave transverse spin, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0049] S1. Connect the digital control system 1 and the laser emitting device 2 in sequence. The laser emitting device 2 generates and emits high-energy laser pulses, which are expanded and split by the beam expander 3 and the beam splitter 4.

[0050] S2. Part of the laser pulse signal split in step S1 enters the 5-pin photodetector, and then is amplified by the 6-wave amplifier. The start timing signal is then transmitted to the 1-digit digital control system to record the laser pulse emission time t1.

[0051] S3. The laser pulse signal split in step S1, the other part is directed to the black body under test 7. After being absorbed by the black body under test 7, the black body is locally heated and generates high energy density black body radiation. As an echo signal, it enters the photoelectric receiving device 9 after passing through the receiving lens 8 to realize the echo signal detection. The end timing signal is transmitted to the digital control system 1 for fitting and matching, and the echo laser pulse time t2 is recorded.

[0052] The S4.1 digital control system calculates the time interval t = t2 - t1 between the emitted laser pulse and the echo laser pulse, and then calculates the distance D of the target object using the formula D = c * t / 2.

[0053] Where c represents the speed of light.

[0054] In this embodiment, in step S3, the photoelectric receiving device 9 implements the echo signal detection process as follows:

[0055] (1) The echo signal is reflected by the 10 prism and excites surface waves on the surface of the 11 dielectric.

[0056] (2) The transverse spin of the surface wave on the dielectric 11 is coupled with the spin of the electron on the magnetic material 13, changing the spin state of the electron inside the magnetic material 13.

[0057] (3) The spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope detected the change in the spin state inside the magnetic material 13, and transmitted the spin change to the digital control system 1 via the controller 15.

[0058] (4)1 After receiving the spin change signal, the digital control system fits the radiation curve and matches it with the blackbody radiation curve to determine that the blackbody to be measured generates the radiation echo signal.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the initialization process of the 9 photoelectric receiving devices when no echo signal is received is as follows:

[0060] Upon receiving instructions from the digital control system, controller 15 causes the spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope 14 to act as a spin electron source, generating spin electrons. Under the combined action of the controllable constant magnetic field 12, the spin electrons of the magnetic material 13 are parallel to the direction of the magnetic field, meaning that all the spin electrons inside the magnetic material 13 are pointing upwards.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, when the photoelectric receiving device (9) receives the echo signal, that is, when the prism (10) receives the echo signal at a specific angle, the dielectric (14) undergoes total internal reflection, thereby exciting surface waves on the surface of the dielectric (14). Since surface waves possess equivalent rest mass, the field quantum of the surface wave exhibits transverse spin. Let σ = (σ... x ,σ y ,σ z () represents the Pauli matrix vector. Starting from the Hamiltonian of a Dirac electron with mass m and charge e in a surface wave, the following Hamiltonian for the interaction between the transverse spin of the surface wave and the electron spin can be derived:

[0062]

[0063] in, The spin operator for electrons, s e and s m The equation represents the transverse spin density vector of the surface wave and describes the coupling between electron spin and surface wave transverse spin.

[0064] This coupling allows energy level splitting between the up and down states of electron spin, forming a two-level electronic system. This causes the electron spin state in the 13 magnetic material to flip. Since the transverse spin of surface waves is inversely proportional to the cube of the echo signal frequency, and according to the Hamiltonian formula for the interaction between the transverse spin of surface waves and electron spin, the distribution of photon transverse spin affects the spin arrangement of electrons in the 13 magnetic material (the probability of electron spin flipping is proportional to the square of the modulus of the coupling term), that is, the electron spin arrangement in the 13 magnetic material is inversely proportional to the sixth power of the photon frequency. By observing the change in the spin state of the 13 magnetic material using a spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscope, the spectral distribution of the echo signal photons can be obtained.

[0065] like Figure 5 As shown, the radiative exitance of blackbody radiation at different wavelengths at different temperatures is represented, with the horizontal axis representing wavelength and the vertical axis representing the spectral radiative exitance of the blackbody. It is evident that the radiative exitance of blackbody radiation at a fixed temperature is a known, fixed curve; therefore, detecting a matching spectral distribution of radiation confirms that the echo signal is blackbody radiation. Furthermore, as the temperature increases, the peak value of blackbody radiation becomes higher and easier to observe. In the 1-digital control system, the spectral distribution of the echo signal detected by the 9-photoelectric receiving device is fitted and matched with the spectral pattern of blackbody radiation shown in the figure to confirm that it is blackbody radiation, thereby issuing a timeout command.

[0066] As can be seen from the above specific implementation scheme, the present invention provides a blackbody laser ranging system and method based on surface wave transverse spin. The photoelectric receiving device used in the method of the present invention is based on the transverse spin principle of surface waves, and utilizes the low power consumption, high speed and high integration of spintronic devices to achieve accurate measurement of blackbody radiation, filling the gap in existing traditional laser ranging schemes.

[0067] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A blackbody laser ranging system based on surface wave transverse spin, comprising: Digital control system (1), laser emitting device (2), beam expander (3), beam splitter (4), PIN photodetector (5), main wave amplifier (6), blackbody to be measured (7), receiving lens (8), photoelectric receiving device (9); The digital control system (1) is connected to the laser emitting device (2); the laser emitting device (2) is connected to the beam expander (3); the beam expander (3) is connected to the beam splitter (4). The laser pulse emitted by the laser emitting device (2) is split by the beam splitter (4) after passing through the beam expander (3), and enters the PIN photodetector (5) and the blackbody under test (7) respectively; the PIN photodetector (5) is connected to the main wave amplifier (6); the main wave amplifier (6) is connected to the digital control system (1); after the blackbody under test (7) absorbs the laser pulse signal, it locally heats up and emits blackbody radiation with higher energy density, which passes through the receiving lens (8) and reaches the photoelectric receiving device (9); the photoelectric receiving device (9) is connected to the digital control system (1); The structure of the photoelectric receiving device (9) includes: a prism (10), a dielectric (11), a controllable constant magnetic field (12), a magnetic material (13), a spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14), and a controller (15). The prism (10) and the dielectric (11) are bonded together to form a surface wave excitation device; the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14) is connected to the controller (15); the magnetic material (13) is located above the dielectric (11), below the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14), and is surrounded by a controllable constant magnetic field (12). In the photoelectric receiving device, the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14) is made of magnetic material, and the magnetic material (13) is an antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic material.

2. The blackbody laser ranging system based on surface wave transverse spin according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the photoelectric receiving device, the echo signal input port of the photoelectric receiving device (9) is one port of the prism (10); the output signal of the photoelectric receiving device (9) is output to the digital control system (1) via the controller (15).

3. The blackbody laser ranging system based on surface wave transverse spin according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the photoelectric receiving device, the controller (15) is used to control the movement of the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14) and is connected to the digital control system (1).

4. According to the system described in claim 1, a blackbody laser ranging method based on surface wave transverse spin is proposed, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1. Connect the digital control system (1) and the laser emitting device (2) in sequence. The laser emitting device (2) generates high-energy laser pulses, which are expanded and split by the beam expander (3) and the beam splitter (4). S2. Part of the laser pulse signal split in step S1 enters the PIN photodetector (5), and after being amplified by the main wave amplifier (6), the start timing signal is transmitted to the digital control system (1) to record the laser pulse emission time. ; S3. The laser pulse signal split in step S1 is directed to the target blackbody (7). After being absorbed by the target blackbody (7), the blackbody is locally heated, generating high-energy-density blackbody radiation. As an echo signal, it passes through the receiving lens (8) and enters the photoelectric receiving device (9) to realize the echo signal detection. The end timing signal is transmitted to the digital control system (1) for fitting and matching, and the echo laser pulse time is recorded. ; In step S3, the photoelectric receiving device (9) implements the echo signal detection process as follows: 1) The echo signal is reflected by the prism (10) and a surface wave is excited on the surface of the dielectric (11); 2) The transverse spin of the surface wave on the dielectric (11) is coupled with the spin of the electron on the magnetic material (13), which changes the spin state of the electron inside the magnetic material (13). 3) The spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14) detects the change in the spin state inside the magnetic material (13) and transmits the spin change to the digital control system (1) via the controller (15). 4) After receiving the spin change signal, the digital control system (1) fits the radiation curve and matches it with the blackbody radiation curve to determine that it is the blackbody to be measured (7) that generates the radiation echo signal. S4. Digital control system (1) Calculates the time interval between the emitted laser pulse and the echo laser pulse. Then by formula The distance to the target object can be calculated. ; in, It represents the speed of light.

5. The blackbody laser ranging method based on surface wave transverse spin according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the process of the photoelectric receiving device (9) realizing echo signal detection, when no echo signal is received, the internal initialization process of the system is as follows: After receiving the instruction from the digital control system (1), the controller (15) uses the spin polarization scanning tunneling microscope (14) as a spin electron source to generate spin electrons. Under the combined action of the controllable constant magnetic field (12), the spin electron direction of the magnetic material (13) is parallel to the magnetic field direction, that is, all the spin electrons inside the magnetic material (13) face upward.

6. The blackbody laser ranging method based on surface wave transverse spin according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the process of the photoelectric receiving device (9) realizing echo signal detection, when the echo signal is received, the specific steps are as follows: When a prism (10) is incident with an echo signal at a specific angle, the dielectric undergoes total internal reflection, thereby exciting surface waves on the dielectric surface. Since the surface waves have an equivalent rest mass, the field quantum of the surface waves possesses a transverse spin. Represents the Pauli matrix vector; Starting from the Hamiltonian of a Dirac electron with mass m and charge e in a surface wave, the following Hamiltonian of the interaction between the transverse spin of the surface wave and the electron spin is derived: ； in, The spin operator representing the electron. and The equation represents the transverse spin density vector of the surface wave and describes the coupling between electron spin and surface wave transverse spin.

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