A large-aperture high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a support and adjustment device for a large-aperture high-precision plane mirror, which includes a mirror chamber mechanism, a fork arm, and a pitch adjustment mechanism. The mirror chamber mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fork arm in the up-and-down direction. The pitch adjustment mechanism includes a rack seat nut, a gear, and a pitch dial. A rack is provided on the outer side of the screw part of the rack seat nut. The gear meshes with the rack. A screw rod passes through the rack seat nut. The thread spiral directions of the first thread section and the second thread section on the screw rod are the same, but the lead is different. The pitch dial is fitted and installed on the second thread section. The first thread section of the screw rod is threadedly fitted and installed in the head of the rack seat nut. The end of the pitch dial is movably limited in the first strip-shaped hole of the mirror chamber mechanism. The present invention can effectively improve the adjustment efficiency of the large-aperture high-precision plane mirror, expand the pitch adjustment range, and the adjustment amount is controllable in real time, improve the adjustment accuracy, and can quickly adjust the pitch and azimuth angle of the plane mirror.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of optical detection, and particularly relates to a large-aperture high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, large-aperture optical systems are increasingly widely used in fields such as space optics and astronomical optics. Large-aperture flat mirrors are often used as standard instruments for the autocollimation detection of the optical systems of astronomical telescopes. For large-aperture and large-field-of-view astronomical telescopes, the imaging quality requirements are high, the field of view is large, and the flat mirror is required to have the functions of multi-angle, large-range, and high-precision adjustment during system alignment. During the adjustment process, the adjustment amount of the optical axis of the flat mirror needs to be accurately controllable, and the adjustment accuracy of the flat mirror needs to be ensured unchanged during multi-directional adjustment.

[0003] The existing large-aperture flat mirror support and adjustment mechanisms generally adopt a sling support structure, and the tilt angle and pitch angle of the flat mirror are adjusted through a jacking mechanism. The adjustment method can be electrically adjusted or manually adjusted. Such adjustment mechanisms have slow adjustment speed, small adjustment range, non-quantitative control during the adjustment process, and low adjustment accuracy. The electric adjustment motor is easily damaged, and the use environment is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a large-aperture high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A large-aperture high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device includes a mirror chamber mechanism, a fork arm, and a pitch adjustment mechanism. The mirror chamber mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fork arm up and down. The pitch adjustment mechanism includes a rack seat nut, a gear, and a pitch dial. The rack seat nut includes a head and a screw part. A rack is provided on the outer side of the screw part. The gear is mounted on the fork arm through a gear shaft and the gear meshes with the rack. The gear shaft is connected with a coarse adjustment rotating part. A screw rod penetrates through the rack seat nut, and one end of the screw rod extends out from the head of the rack seat nut and is connected with a fine adjustment rotating part. The screw rod is provided with a first thread section and a second thread section, wherein the first thread section is connected with the fine adjustment rotating part, and the thread helix directions of the first thread section and the second thread section are the same but the lead is different. The pitch dial is threadedly fitted on the second thread section of the screw rod, and the first thread section of the screw rod is threadedly fitted in the head of the rack seat nut. The mirror chamber mechanism is provided with a first strip-shaped hole, and the end of the pitch dial is movably limited in the first strip-shaped hole.

[0007] Further, it further includes a base and an azimuth adjustment mechanism. The fork arm is rotatably mounted on the base through an azimuth rotating shaft. The azimuth adjustment mechanism is arranged on the base, and its structure is the same as that of the pitch adjustment mechanism.

[0008] Further, the fine-tuning rotating part has a scale disk.

[0009] Further, a keyway is further arranged on the outer side of the screw part of the rack seat nut. An adjusting limit locking screw is threadedly fitted and mounted on the fork arm, and the end of the adjusting limit locking screw is limited in the keyway.

[0010] Further, the mirror chamber mechanism is connected to the fork arm through angular contact bearings.

[0011] Further, the fork arm is welded by channel steel and steel plates. The gear shaft is connected to the outer steel plate of the channel steel through a large gear shaft sleeve and a large gear shaft sleeve pressing ring, and the gear shaft is connected to the inner steel plate of the channel steel through a small gear shaft sleeve.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] A large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device of the present invention can effectively improve the adjustment efficiency of a large-aperture high-precision plane mirror, expand the pitch adjustment range, and the adjustment amount is controllable in real time, improve the adjustment accuracy, can quickly adjust the pitch and azimuth angles of the plane mirror, the pitch angle adjustment range is ±6°, the accuracy is 1″, the azimuth angle adjustment range is ±5°, the accuracy is 1.1″, and the rotation angle can be read in real time. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device;

[0015] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the differential screw drive principle;

[0016] Figure 3 is a front view of the pitch adjustment mechanism;

[0017] Figure 4 is a side view of the pitch adjustment mechanism;

[0018] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional view of the pitch adjustment mechanism.

[0019] Markings in the figure: 1 - Mirror chamber assembly; 2 - Trunnion; 3 - Pitch adjustment mechanism; 4 - Azimuth rotating shaft; 5 - Azimuth adjustment mechanism; 6 - Fork arm; 7 - Base; 8 - Screw; 9 - Movable nut; 10 - Frame; 101 - First threaded section; 102 - Second threaded section; 103 - Waist-shaped hole; 201 - Adjustment limit locking screw; 202 - Gear large shaft sleeve locking screw; 203 - Gear large shaft sleeve; 204 - Gear shaft washer 1; 205 - Gear cone washer 2; 206 - Retaining pin for press ring; 207 - Gear large shaft sleeve press ring; 208 - Gear; 209 - Cylindrical pin; 210 - Gear shaft washer; 211 - Gear small shaft sleeve locking screw; 212 - Gear shaft; 213 - Gear small shaft sleeve; 214 - Pitch dial; 215 - Differential screw shaft; 216 - Pitch translation rod; 217 - Rack; 218 - Rack seat nut; 219 - Dial; 220 - Handwheel; 221 - Coarse adjustment knob. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] This embodiment provides a large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device, specifically related to an adjustment device for an 850-aperture plane mirror.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device in this embodiment mainly includes a mirror chamber mechanism 1, a fork arm 6, a pitch adjustment mechanism 3, a base 7, an azimuth adjustment mechanism 5, a base 7 and an azimuth adjustment mechanism 5. The mirror chamber of the mirror chamber mechanism 1 is installed on the fork arm 6 through the trunnion 2 and is connected by angular contact bearings, so that the mirror chamber mechanism 1 can rotate up and down with the transverse x-axis as the rotation axis (i.e., mirror chamber pitch adjustment). The bottom of the fork arm 6 is installed on the base 7 through the azimuth rotating shaft 4, so that the mirror chamber mechanism 1 can rotate left and right with the longitudinal y-axis as the rotation axis (i.e., mirror chamber rotation adjustment), and the fork arm 6 is rotatably installed on the base 7 through the azimuth rotating shaft 4.

[0023] The structure of the pitch adjustment mechanism 3 is as Figures 3 - 5 shown, and mainly includes a rack seat nut 218, a gear 208, and a pitch dial 214. Among them, the rack seat nut 218 includes a head and a screw part, and a rack 217 is arranged on the outside of the screw part. The gear 208 is installed on the gear shaft 212 through a cylindrical pin 209. The gear shaft 212 is rotatably installed on the fork arm 6, and the gear 208 meshes with the rack 217. The gear shaft 212 is connected with a coarse adjustment knob 221. A screw penetrates through the rack seat nut 218, and one end of the screw extends out from the head of the rack seat nut 218 and is connected with a handwheel 220.

[0024] Among them, the coarse adjustment of the pitch rotation angle of the mirror chamber is realized by the cooperation of the gear and the rack, and the adjustment range is ±6°.

[0025] Among them, the fine adjustment of the pitching rotation angle of the mirror chamber is realized by using the differential screw principle. As Figure 2 shown, the screw 8 includes a first thread section 101 and a second thread section 102. The thread helix directions of the first thread section 101 and the second thread section 102 are the same, but the lead is different. The screw 8 forms two screw pairs with the movable nut 9 and the frame 10 respectively. The first thread section 101 of the screw forms a type-I ordinary screw pair with the frame 10 (one is fixed and the other rotates and moves linearly), and the second thread section 102 of the screw forms a type-II ordinary screw pair with the movable nut 9 (one rotates and the other only moves linearly). Both threads on the screw 8 are right-handed, with leads of PhA and PhB respectively. When the screw rotates one week in the Figure 2 rotation direction shown in, the actual distance L1 (=PhA) of the movable nut 9 relative to the frame and the distance L21 (=PhB) of the movable nut 9 relative to the screw 8 moving to the right are synthesized, that is: L = L1 - L21 = N×(PhA - PhB). For example, the pitches are 1-inch 24-thread English thread (PhA = 1.058 mm) and ordinary pitch PhB = 1 mm respectively. When rotating one week, N = 1, L = N×(PhA - PhB) = 0.058 mm; assuming the radius of the swing rod R = 200 mm, the rotating handwheel is φ160 mm, and when the handwheel rotates one week, the swing rod moves 0.058 mm. When rotating 6°, the swing rod moves 6 / 360×0.058 = 0.00097 mm, then the adjustment angle accuracy of the mirror chamber is arctg(0.00097 / 200) = 1″.

[0026] In this embodiment, as Figures 3 - 5 shown, the screw 8 specifically includes a transmission screw shaft 215, a pitching translation rod 216 (i.e., the second thread section), and a first thread section threadedly installed in the head of the rack seat nut 218. Among them, the first thread section is connected to the handwheel 220, the pitching dial 214 is threadedly installed on the pitching translation rod 216, and the mirror chamber mechanism 1 is provided with a waist-shaped hole 103, and the end of the pitching dial 214 is movably limited in the waist-shaped hole 103.

[0027] The azimuth adjustment mechanism 5 is arranged on the base 7, and its structure is the same as that of the pitching adjustment mechanism, and the specific structure will not be described in detail. The main difference is that when the azimuth adjustment mechanism 5 is installed on the base 7, the waist-shaped hole for limiting the dial is arranged on the fork arm 6.

[0028] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, in this embodiment, the fork arm 6 is preferably welded by channel steel and steel plates, and the base is preferably connected to the plug rotating shaft by a support steel plate. The gear shaft 212 is connected to the outer steel plate of the channel steel through the large gear shaft sleeve 203 and the large gear shaft sleeve retaining ring 207. A first gear shaft washer 204 and a second gear shaft washer 205 are arranged in the middle. The large gear shaft sleeve 203 is fixed by the large gear shaft sleeve locking screw 202, and the large gear shaft sleeve retaining ring 207 is fixed by the retaining ring stop pin 206. The gear shaft 212 is connected to the inner steel plate of the channel steel through the small gear shaft sleeve 213. A gear shaft washer 210 is arranged in the middle. The small gear shaft sleeve 213 is fixed by the small gear shaft sleeve locking screw 211.

[0029] As Figure 4 shown, the handwheel 220 of this embodiment has a dial 219, and the rotation angle can be read. Specifically, angle graduation lines are engraved on the handwheel 220. Approximately 160 * 3.14 * 5 / 360 = 6.977 mm is 6°. Manual adjustment is sufficient for resolution. If the length of the swing rod is designed to be 300 mm, the adjustment angle accuracy of the mirror chamber is arctg(0.00097 / 300) = 0.67″; the adjustment distance is ±20 mm, and the adjustment angle range is approximately ±16'.

[0030] As Figure 5 shown, a keyway 222 is also arranged on the outer side of the screw part of the rack seat nut 218. An adjusting limit locking screw 201 is threadedly fitted and installed on the fork arm 6. The end of the adjusting limit locking screw 201 is limited in the keyway 222, and the adjusting limit locking screw 201 is locked after adjustment.

[0031] Taking the pitch adjustment mechanism as an example in the adjustment process: Rotate the gear shaft 212 to drive the rack seat nut 218 to move linearly quickly through the gear 208, so as to achieve the purpose of rough adjustment. Then rotate the handwheel 220 to make the differential screw shaft 215 and the pitch translation rod 216 form a differential motion. The pitch translation rod 216 moves linearly in the horizontal kidney-shaped groove opened on the fork arm 6, so that the pitch lever 214 moves linearly precisely. The pitch lever 214 is connected to the mirror chamber mechanism 1 and has a waist-shaped hole 103 in the up and down direction, realizing the pitch motion of the mirror chamber. The rack seat nut 218 has a horizontal keyway 222, and the adjusting limit locking screw 201 abuts against the keyway 222. Locking can lock the entire translation motion.

[0032] In summary, a large-aperture high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device of the present invention includes a mirror chamber mechanism, a fork arm pitch adjustment mechanism, and a base azimuth adjustment mechanism. In the device of the present invention, the gear rack has a large power transmission, high efficiency, a circumferential speed of up to 300 m / s, and a transmission power of up to 105 kw; in addition, it has a long service life, operates smoothly, and has high reliability; it can ensure a constant transmission ratio and transmit the motion of two shaft parts at any included angle. The differential screw drive mechanism has a simple structure, operates smoothly, has high transmission accuracy, large load-bearing capacity, is reliable in operation, saves effort, and is noise-free, etc.

[0033] The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device, characterized in that, It includes a mirror chamber mechanism, a fork arm, and a pitch adjustment mechanism. The mirror chamber mechanism is rotatably mounted on the fork arm in the up-and-down direction. The pitch adjustment mechanism includes a rack seat nut, a gear, and a pitch dial. The rack seat nut includes a head and a screw part. A rack is provided on the outer side of the screw part. The gear is mounted on the fork arm through a gear shaft and meshes with the rack. The gear shaft is connected to a coarse adjustment rotating part. A screw rod passes through the rack seat nut. One end of the screw rod extends out from the head of the rack seat nut and is connected to a fine adjustment rotating part. The screw rod is provided with a first thread section and a second thread section. The first thread section is connected to the fine adjustment rotating part. The thread spiral directions of the first thread section and the second thread section are the same, but the lead is different. The pitch dial is threadedly fitted on the second thread section of the screw rod. The first thread section of the screw rod is threadedly fitted inside the head of the rack seat nut. The mirror chamber mechanism is provided with a first strip-shaped hole. The end of the pitch dial is movably limited in the first strip-shaped hole.

2. The large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device according to claim 1, wherein It further includes a base and an azimuth adjustment mechanism. The fork arm is rotatably mounted on the base through an azimuth rotating shaft in the left-and-right direction. The azimuth adjustment mechanism is arranged on the base, and its structure is the same as that of the pitch adjustment mechanism.

3. The large-aperture high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fine adjustment rotating part has a scale disk.

4. A large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A keyway is further provided on the outer side of the screw part of the rack seat nut. An adjustment limit locking screw is threadedly fitted on the fork arm, and the end of the adjustment limit locking screw is limited in the keyway.

5. A large-aperture high-precision plane mirror support and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mirror chamber mechanism is connected to the fork arm through angular contact bearings.

6. The large-diameter high-precision flat mirror support and adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that The fork arm is welded by channel steel and steel plates. The gear shaft is connected to the outer steel plate of the channel steel through a large gear shaft sleeve and a large gear shaft sleeve retaining ring, and the gear shaft is connected to the inner steel plate of the channel steel through a small gear shaft sleeve.

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