Photovoltaic panels

Abstract

The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module comprising a cell string, encapsulating films on the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string, an upper layer of glass and a backsheet, respectively disposed outside the encapsulating films. A thermally conductive material is composited within at least one of the encapsulating films and / or the backsheet, and the thermally conductive material is PA or PPS. By incorporating thermally conductive material into one or both of the encapsulating films, or both the encapsulating film and the backsheet, the photovoltaic module of the present invention achieves rapid heat dissipation from the photovoltaic module. This effectively increases the output power of the photovoltaic module within a suitable temperature range while reducing the risk of hot spot effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic applications, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] The core component of a photovoltaic power generation system is a photovoltaic module, which is formed by several single photovoltaic cells connected in series or in parallel and then encapsulated by packaging materials. When the front of one or several single cells is blocked, the blocked cells will experience a "hot spot effect", that is, these blocked photovoltaic cells will no longer generate electricity, but will exist in the photovoltaic module as heat-generating resistors, greatly reducing the power output capacity of the photovoltaic module. When the temperature of the blocked photovoltaic cells rises to a certain level, the backplane of the photovoltaic module's backlight side may be burned through, which will lead to the risk of fire in the photovoltaic power station. In particular, with the promotion and use of large-size photovoltaic cells, the control of the "hot spot effect" of photovoltaic modules has become more stringent. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a new photovoltaic module to solve the above problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A photovoltaic module includes a cell string, encapsulation films on the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string, an upper layer of glass and a backplane respectively arranged on the outside of the encapsulation films, and a thermally conductive material is composited within at least one of the encapsulation films and / or the backplane, wherein the thermally conductive material is PA material or PPS material.

[0006] Furthermore, the encapsulation film includes a film base layer and a first thermally conductive layer, the first thermally conductive layer is arranged adjacent to the battery string, the first thermally conductive layer includes an acetic acid-vinyl acetate base and a thermally conductive material uniformly distributed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate base, the weight proportion of the thermally conductive material relative to the first thermally conductive layer is 20%-80%, and the weight proportion of acetic acid-vinyl acetate relative to the first thermally conductive layer is 20%-40%.

[0007] Furthermore, the thickness of the first heat conducting layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the first heat-conducting layer and the adhesive film base layer are formed into one body by melt co-extrusion.

[0009] Furthermore, the first heat-conducting layer and the adhesive film base layer are formed into one piece by laminating and heating the heat-conducting material layer and the adhesive film base layer stacked on top of each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the packaging film includes acetic acid-vinyl acetate and a thermal conductive material, wherein the thermal conductive material is evenly distributed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate, the weight proportion of the thermal conductive material is 0.1%-10%, and the weight proportion of the acetic acid-vinyl acetate is 40%-95%.

[0011] Furthermore, the packaging film is formed by uniformly mixing heat-conducting material in acetic acid-vinyl acetate and casting the mixture into one piece.

[0012] Furthermore, the backplane includes a fluorine coating, a PET layer, and a fluorine film layer. The fluorine coating is arranged adjacent to the packaging film. The thermal conductive material is evenly distributed in the PET layer. The thermal conductive material is evenly mixed in the PET mixture and cast into one piece. The weight proportion of the thermal conductive material is 10%-60%.

[0013] Furthermore, the backplane includes a fluorine coating, a PET layer, and a fluorine film layer. The fluorine coating is arranged adjacent to the packaging film. The PET layer includes a PET base layer, a second heat-conducting layer between the PET base layer and the fluorine coating. The heat-conducting material is evenly distributed in the second heat-conducting layer. The weight of the heat-conducting material compared to the second heat-conducting layer accounts for 40%-95%, and the thickness of the second heat-conducting layer ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

[0014] Furthermore, the backplane includes a third heat-conducting layer, a fluorine coating, a PET layer, and a fluorine film layer from top to bottom. The third heat-conducting layer is arranged adjacent to the packaging film. The heat-conducting material is evenly distributed in the third heat-conducting layer. The weight of the heat-conducting material accounts for 40%-95% of the third heat-conducting layer. The thickness of the third heat-conducting layer ranges from 0.1mm to 0.5mm.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the photovoltaic module of the present invention achieves the purpose of rapid heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module by adding thermal conductive material to one of the encapsulation films or two encapsulation films or both the encapsulation film and the backboard, which can effectively improve the output power of the photovoltaic module within the appropriate temperature range and reduce the risk of hot spot effect in the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a photovoltaic module of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the backplane in another embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4This is a schematic structural diagram of the backplane in another embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the backplane in another embodiment of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

[0021] Among them, 10 - battery string, 11 - packaging film, 111 - first thermal conductive layer, 112 - film base layer, 113 - upper packaging film, 114 - lower packaging film, 13 - upper glass, 14 - backplane, 141 - fluorine coating, 142 - PET layer, 1421 - PET base layer, 143 - fluorine film layer, 144 - second thermal conductive layer, 145 - third thermal conductive layer, 15 - thermal conductive material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module. Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the photovoltaic module includes a cell string 10, a packaging film 11 on the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string 10, and an upper glass 13 and a back plate 14 respectively arranged on the outside of the packaging film 11. The upper glass 13 and the back plate 14 fix the cell string 10 in a confined space through the upper and lower layers of packaging film 11, so that the cell string 10 can withstand external pressure or the influence of the external environment.

[0024] In the photovoltaic module of the present invention, a thermally conductive material 15 is compositely formed within at least one encapsulating film 11 and / or backsheet 14. The thermally conductive material 15 is made of PA or PPS. The encapsulating film 11 includes an upper encapsulating film 113 and a lower encapsulating film 114, respectively positioned on the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string 10. By incorporating the thermally conductive material 15 into the upper and lower encapsulating films 113, 114, or both the upper and lower encapsulating films 11, or both the encapsulating film 11 and the backsheet 14, the photovoltaic module of the present invention achieves rapid heat dissipation from the photovoltaic module. This effectively increases the output power of the photovoltaic module within a suitable temperature range while reducing the risk of hot spot effects in the photovoltaic module.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1As shown, the encapsulation film 11 includes a film base layer 112 and a first heat-conducting layer 111. The first heat-conducting layer 111 is arranged adjacent to the battery string 10. The first heat-conducting layer 111 is in direct contact with the battery string 10 so that the first heat-conducting layer 111 can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the battery string 10 to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0026] Specifically, the adhesive film base layer 112 includes an acetic acid-vinyl acetate base material, an antioxidant, a cross-linking agent, a tackifier, a plasticizer, etc. mixed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate base, which facilitates the cooperation between the adhesive film base layer 111 and the upper glass 13 or the back panel 14 respectively.

[0027] Furthermore, the first thermally conductive layer 111 includes an acetic acid-vinyl acetate base and a thermally conductive material 15 uniformly distributed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate base, wherein the weight proportion of the thermally conductive material 15 relative to the first thermally conductive layer 111 is 20%-80%, and the weight proportion of acetic acid-vinyl acetate relative to the first thermally conductive layer 111 is 20%-40%. In addition, the first thermally conductive layer 111 also includes functional materials such as antioxidants, cross-linking agents, tackifiers, and plasticizers. The weight proportion of the functional materials relative to the first thermally conductive layer 111 is 0.1%-10%, which not only ensures the heat dissipation of the battery string 10, but also can cooperate well with the battery string 10 and the film base layer 112 respectively, thereby achieving effective sealing of the battery string 10.

[0028] Preferably, the thickness of the first heat-conducting layer 111 is 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm. The appropriate thickness range of the first heat-conducting layer 111 can improve the heat dissipation speed of the battery string 10 without affecting the sealing of the packaging film 11 on the battery string 10 .

[0029] In a specific production implementation, the first heat-conducting layer 111 and the film base layer 112 are formed into one body by melt co-extrusion, so that the overall structure of the packaging film 11 is relatively stable.

[0030] Of course, in some embodiments, the first heat-conducting layer 111 and the adhesive film base layer 112 are formed into one piece by laminating and heating the stacked heat-conducting material layer and the adhesive film base layer, which can also realize the molding of the packaging adhesive film 11.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2As shown, the packaging film 11 includes acetic acid-vinyl acetate and a thermal conductive material 15. The thermal conductive material 15 is evenly distributed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate. The weight proportion of the thermal conductive material 15 is 0.1%-10%, and the weight proportion of the acetic acid-vinyl acetate is 40%-95%. In addition, the packaging film 11 also includes functional materials such as antioxidants, cross-linking agents, tackifiers, and plasticizers. The weight proportion of the functional materials is 0.1%-10%, so that the packaging film 11 has good adhesion and durability as well as good thermal conductivity.

[0032] Furthermore, the packaging film 11 is formed by uniformly mixing the thermal conductive material 15 in acetic acid-vinyl acetate and casting it as a whole. In this embodiment, the thickness of the packaging film is 0.3-0.7 mm, so that the thermal conductive material 15 can be evenly distributed in the packaging film 11 to improve the uniformity of heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module.

[0033] The thermal conductive material 15 in the above embodiment is preferably PA material or PPS material. It can be understood that the PA material is a transparent PA material to achieve the light transmittance of the packaging film 11 of the adjacent upper glass 13, that is, the thermal conductive material 15 contained in the packaging material 11 on the surface of the battery string 10 is a transparent PA material; the thermal conductive material 15 in the packaging film 11 of the adjacent backplane 14 can be a transparent PA material or a white PPS material. The use of white PPS material allows the packaging film 11 to increase the reflectivity of the packaging film 11 while increasing the heat conduction speed, so that the battery string 10 can secondary absorb the photons reflected by the packaging film 11, thereby effectively increasing the output power of the photovoltaic module.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the backplane 14 includes a fluorine coating 141, a PET layer 142, and a fluorine film layer 143. The fluorine coating 141 is arranged adjacent to the packaging film 11 to achieve bonding between the backplane 14 and the packaging film 11. At the same time, the fluorine film layer 143 on the outside of the backplane 14 can resist the invasion of the external environment.

[0035] In this embodiment, the thermally conductive material 15 is evenly distributed in the PET layer 142. The thermally conductive material 15 is evenly mixed in the PET mixture and cast into one piece, so that the heat dissipation of the back panel 14 is more uniform. In this embodiment, the weight proportion of the thermally conductive material 15 is 10%-60%, and the PET mixture includes functional materials such as PET material and antioxidants. Among them, the weight proportion of PET material is 40%-80%, and the weight proportion of other functional materials is 0.1%-10%, so as to ensure that the PET layer in the back panel 14 has good insulation and thermal conductivity.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the PET layer 142 in the backboard 14 includes a PET base layer 1421, a second heat-conducting layer 144 between the PET base layer 1421 and the fluorine coating layer 141, and the heat-conducting material 15 is evenly distributed in the second heat-conducting layer 144. The weight of the heat-conducting material 15 is 40%-95% of the second heat-conducting layer 144. The second heat-conducting layer also includes an antioxidant material and a toughening material with a weight share of 0.1%-10%. The thickness of the second heat-conducting layer is preferably 0.1mm-0.5mm, so that the backboard 14 has both insulation properties and good thermal conductivity to improve the heat dissipation speed of the photovoltaic module.

[0037] In this embodiment, the second heat-conducting layer 144 and the PET layer 142 are composited into one body by melt co-extrusion to enhance the overall structural stability of the back plate 14 .

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 As shown, the backsheet 14 includes a third heat-conducting layer 145, a fluorine coating layer 141, a PET layer 142, and a fluorine film layer 143 from top to bottom. The third heat-conducting layer 145 is arranged adjacent to the packaging film 11, and the heat-conducting material 15 is evenly distributed in the third heat-conducting layer 145. The weight of the heat-conducting material 15 is 40%-95% compared to the third heat-conducting layer 145. The third heat-conducting layer 145 also includes an antioxidant material and a toughening material with a weight share of 0.1%-10%. Preferably, the thickness of the third heat-conducting layer 145 is 0.1mm-0.5mm, so that the backsheet 14 has good thermal conductivity while having insulation properties, so as to improve the heat dissipation speed of the photovoltaic module.

[0039] In this embodiment, the thickness of the third heat-conducting layer 145 is 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. It is integrally formed with the fluorine coating 141 by co-extrusion and then superimposed on the PET layer 142. The side of the PET layer 142 away from the third heat-conducting layer is bonded together with glue and the fluorine film layer 143.

[0040] It can be understood that the thermal conductive material 15 in the above embodiments can be a transparent PA material or a white PPS material. Since the thermal conductivity of the PA material is 2.5W / m*K-5W / m*K and the thermal conductivity of the PPS material is 1W / m*K-2W / m*K, the thermal conductivity of the backplane 14 can be effectively improved, thereby improving the heat dissipation speed of the photovoltaic module, thereby reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module, increasing the output power and avoiding the occurrence of hot spots.

[0041] It is understandable that the above embodiments of the photovoltaic module of the present invention can be implemented alone or in combination of two or more to achieve the purpose of accelerating the heat dissipation speed of the photovoltaic module, and are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In summary, the photovoltaic module of the present invention achieves the purpose of rapid heat dissipation of the photovoltaic module by adding thermally conductive material 15 to any packaging film 11 and / or backboard 14, which can effectively improve the output power of the photovoltaic module within the appropriate temperature range while reducing the risk of hot spot effect in the photovoltaic module.

[0043] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0044] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module comprising a cell string, an encapsulating film located on the upper and lower surfaces of the cell string, and an upper glass and a backsheet respectively located on the outer sides of the encapsulating film, characterized in that: The back sheet and at least one of the packaging films are compositely formed with a thermal conductive material, or only the back sheet is compositely formed with a thermal conductive material, and the thermal conductive material is a PA material or a PPS material; The backsheet includes a fluorine coating, a PET layer, and a fluorine film layer. The fluorine coating is disposed adjacent to the encapsulation film. The thermal conductive material is evenly distributed within the PET layer, and the weight of the thermal conductive material accounts for 10%-60%. The thermal conductive material is evenly mixed in a PET mixture and cast into one piece. The PET mixture includes a PET material and a functional material, and the functional material is an antioxidant. The weight of the PET material accounts for 40%-80%, and the weight of the functional material accounts for 0.1%-10%. Alternatively, the backsheet includes a fluorine coating, a PET layer, and a fluorine film layer, the fluorine coating is disposed adjacent to the encapsulation film, the PET layer includes a PET base layer, and a second heat-conducting layer between the PET base layer and the fluorine coating, the heat-conducting material is uniformly distributed within the second heat-conducting layer, the heat-conducting material accounts for 40%-95% by weight of the second heat-conducting layer, and the second heat-conducting layer further includes an antioxidant material and a toughening material accounting for 0.1%-10% by weight; Alternatively, the backplane includes a third thermally conductive layer, a fluorine coating, a PET layer and a fluorine film layer from top to bottom, the third thermally conductive layer is arranged adjacent to the packaging film, the thermally conductive material is evenly distributed in the third thermally conductive layer, the weight of the thermally conductive material compared to the third thermally conductive layer accounts for 40%-95%, and the third thermally conductive layer also includes an antioxidant material and a toughening material accounting for 0.1%-10% by weight.

2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: At least one of the encapsulating films includes a film base layer and a first thermally conductive layer. The first thermally conductive layer is arranged adjacent to the battery string. The first thermally conductive layer includes an acetic acid-vinyl acetate base and a thermally conductive material evenly distributed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate base. The weight of the thermally conductive material relative to the first thermally conductive layer is 20%-80%, and the weight of the acetic acid-vinyl acetate relative to the first thermally conductive layer is 20%-40%.

3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: The thickness of the first heat conducting layer ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.6 mm.

4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: The first heat-conducting layer and the adhesive film base layer are formed into one body by melt co-extrusion.

5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, wherein: The first heat-conducting layer and the adhesive film base layer are formed into one piece by laminating and heating the heat-conducting material layer and the adhesive film base layer stacked on top of each other.

6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The packaging film includes acetic acid-vinyl acetate and a thermal conductive material, wherein the thermal conductive material is evenly distributed in the acetic acid-vinyl acetate, the weight proportion of the thermal conductive material is 0.1%-10%, and the weight proportion of the acetic acid-vinyl acetate is 40%-95%.

7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, wherein: The packaging film is formed by uniformly mixing heat-conducting materials in acetic acid-vinyl acetate and casting the mixture into one piece.

8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the second heat-conducting layer is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the third heat conducting layer is in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

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