A key parameter setting method for photovoltaic power generation frequency modulation mode coordination control

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of photovoltaic power generation frequency modulation mode intercoordination control's key parameter setting method, including obtaining external system equivalent parameter, establishes the frequency response model of grid containing photovoltaic power generation;According to the frequency modulation characteristics of different control mode in grid frequency response model determines each control mode frequency modulation dead zone, the value range of regulation rate;With grid maximum frequency difference minimum, steady-state frequency difference minimum, the minimum photovoltaic active regulation under each control mode is established multi-objective optimization model;Under different power disturbance, based on the system maximum frequency difference, steady-state frequency difference, each control under photovoltaic active output is substituted into multi-objective optimization model based on grid frequency response model, and the optimal frequency modulation dead zone and regulation rate are obtained.The setting method of the application is arranged by setting frequency modulation dead zone and regulation rate under photovoltaic power generation centralized and dispersed frequency modulation control mode, realizes the time sequence of photovoltaic power generation unit participation and exit frequency modulation under different control mode, capacity reasonable arrangement, improves the frequency stability of grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system frequency control technology, specifically a method for tuning key parameters for coordinated control between photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes. Background Technology

[0002] Distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation is one of the main ways to utilize new energy sources, and my country strongly supports its development in the central and eastern regions. By the end of 2021, my country's installed capacity of distributed PV power generation reached 107.5 million kilowatts, accounting for about one-third of the total grid-connected PV power generation capacity. Meanwhile, as major load centers in my country, the central and eastern regions have multiple ultra-high-voltage direct current (UHVDC) lines feeding into them, resulting in a new power grid structure in these regions characterized by a high proportion of distributed new energy sources and multiple UHVDC lines feeding into them.

[0003] Large-scale renewable energy sources and multiple DC feeds weaken the active power regulation capacity of the power grid. During commutation failures or even DC blockages in ultra-high-voltage DC transmission, large-scale disconnection of renewable energy sources may occur, further exacerbating the adverse effects on system stability. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the active support of distributed photovoltaic (PV) power generation for grid frequency stability. Current research on distributed PV frequency regulation largely focuses on inverter control strategies or technical feasibility, lacking research on how to coordinate the control of low-voltage distributed PV power generation to participate in system frequency regulation. Given that large-scale distributed PV grid connection significantly affects grid frequency characteristics, power disturbances can cause grid frequency deviations, potentially triggering system protection devices and leading to widespread generator and load shedding risks. Therefore, this paper proposes a key parameter tuning method for coordinated control between PV power generation frequency regulation modes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for tuning key parameters of coordinated control between photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes. By using the system's maximum frequency difference, steady-state frequency difference, and photovoltaic active power regulation as optimization targets, the method tunes the frequency regulation dead zone and regulation rate of photovoltaic power generation in centralized and decentralized frequency regulation control modes. This is beneficial to fully leveraging the active support performance of distributed photovoltaic power generation for the power grid under different frequency regulation control modes, and to rationally arrange the timing and capacity of distributed photovoltaic power generation units participating in and exiting frequency regulation under different control modes, thereby improving the frequency stability of the power grid.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for tuning key parameters for coordinated control between photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] Obtain equivalent parameters of the external system and establish a grid frequency response model that includes photovoltaic power generation.

[0008] Based on the frequency regulation characteristics of different control modes in the power grid frequency response model, the range of values ​​for frequency regulation dead zone and droop rate for each control mode is determined.

[0009] A multi-objective optimization model is established with the objectives of minimizing the maximum frequency difference of the power grid, minimizing the steady-state frequency difference, and minimizing the photovoltaic active power regulation under each control mode.

[0010] Under different power disturbances, the maximum frequency deviation and steady-state frequency deviation of the system are obtained based on the grid frequency response model. The photovoltaic active power output under each control is substituted into the multi-objective optimization model, and the optimal frequency dead zone and droop rate under different control modes are solved by the optimization algorithm.

[0011] Furthermore, the power grid frequency response model includes an external equivalent system frequency response model, a photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under centralized frequency regulation control mode, and a photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under decentralized frequency regulation control mode.

[0012] Furthermore, the equivalent frequency response model of the external system includes a primary frequency modulation dead zone f. D2 Equivalent second-order transfer function G eq (s) and the percentage of external system installations K eq The equivalent second-order transfer function of the external equivalent system is shown in equation (1).

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, s is the Laplace operator, and a0, a1, b0, and b1 are parameter coefficients, where a0, a1, b0, and b1 need to be obtained by identification based on the frequency response characteristics of the external system.

[0015] When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change ΔP caused by the primary frequency modulation of the external system eq As shown in equation (2):

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, Δf is the change in system frequency, f D2 This is the frequency dead zone value for the external system.

[0018] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under the centralized frequency regulation control mode includes the primary frequency regulation dead zone and the droop rate R. CPV The installed capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation units under centralized frequency regulation control mode K CPV Photovoltaic frequency modulation limiting under centralized frequency modulation control mode.

[0019] When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by primary frequency regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode is shown in equation (3):

[0020]

[0021] In the formula, f D1 This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode.

[0022] Furthermore, the photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under the distributed frequency regulation control mode includes the primary frequency regulation dead zone and the droop rate R. DPV The installed capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation units under the distributed frequency regulation control mode K DPV Photovoltaic frequency modulation limiting under distributed frequency modulation control mode.

[0023] When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by primary frequency regulation of photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode is shown in equation (4):

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, f D3 This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode.

[0026] Furthermore, the multi-objective optimization model optimizes the frequency modulation dead zone and droop rate under both centralized control mode and decentralized frequency modulation control mode. The objective function of this optimization problem can be described as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, the independent variable θ = [f D1 ,f D3 ,R CPV ,R DPV ] T N is the set of disturbances, λ1~λ4 are the weighting coefficients, and Δf nadir For the maximum frequency difference, Δf ∞ For steady-state frequency difference, ΔP CPV For the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized control mode, ΔP DPV This represents the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under distributed control mode, where the weighting coefficient is set according to control requirements.

[0029] The constraints on the frequency modulation dead zone, droop rate, and active power output of the photovoltaic unit are expressed as follows:

[0030]

[0031] In the formula f D1min f D1max These represent the upper and lower limits of the frequency regulation dead zone for photovoltaic power generation under centralized control mode, f D3min f D3max These represent the upper and lower limits of the frequency regulation dead zone for photovoltaic power generation under distributed control mode, ΔPCPVmin ΔP CPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of adjustable photovoltaic active power under centralized control mode, ΔP DPVmin ΔP DPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of adjustable photovoltaic active power under distributed control mode, R CPVmin R CPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of the droop rate under centralized control mode, R. DPVmin R DPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of the droop rate under the decentralized control mode, respectively.

[0032] Furthermore, the photovoltaic primary frequency regulation dead zone f under the centralized frequency regulation control mode D1 Less than the photovoltaic primary frequency regulation dead zone f under distributed frequency regulation control mode D3 This ensures that the photovoltaic unit operates before the photovoltaic unit operates under centralized control mode.

[0033] In addition, the present invention also discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program to instruct related hardware, wherein when the program is executed, it can perform the above steps.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0035] 1. The key parameter tuning method of this invention takes the system maximum frequency difference, steady-state frequency difference, and photovoltaic active power regulation as optimization targets, and tunes the frequency regulation dead zone and regulation rate of photovoltaic power generation in centralized and decentralized frequency regulation control modes. This is conducive to giving full play to the active support performance of distributed photovoltaic power generation to the power grid under different frequency regulation control modes.

[0036] 2. The key parameter tuning method of this invention improves the frequency stability of the power grid by rationally arranging the timing and capacity of distributed photovoltaic power generation units participating in and exiting frequency regulation under different control modes. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the key parameter tuning method of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the power grid equivalent frequency response model with different frequency regulation control modes for photovoltaic power generation in this invention;

[0040] Figure 3 This is the active power-frequency static characteristic curve of the power grid generator set in this invention;

[0041] Figure 4 These are the frequency response curves corresponding to different control modes under small disturbances in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is the active power variation curve of photovoltaic power generation under centralized control mode with small disturbance in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 6 This is the active power variation curve of photovoltaic power generation under distributed control mode with small disturbance in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 7 These are the frequency response curves corresponding to different control modes under large disturbances in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 8 This is the active power variation curve of photovoltaic power generation in centralized control mode under large disturbance in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 9 This is the active power variation curve of photovoltaic power generation under large disturbance in the distributed control mode of Embodiment 2 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] A method for tuning key parameters of coordinated control between photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes, such as Figure 1 As shown, the key parameter tuning method specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] Obtain equivalent parameters of the external system and establish a grid frequency response model that includes photovoltaic power generation.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, the power grid frequency response model includes the external equivalent system frequency response model, the photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under centralized frequency regulation control mode, and the photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under decentralized frequency regulation control mode.

[0051] The equivalent frequency response model of the external system includes the primary frequency modulation dead zone f. D2 Equivalent second-order transfer function G eq (s) and the percentage of external system installations K eq The equivalent second-order transfer function of the external equivalent system is shown in equation (1).

[0052]

[0053] In the formula, s is the Laplace operator, and a0, a1, b0, and b1 are parameter coefficients, where a0, a1, b0, and b1 need to be obtained by identification based on the frequency response characteristics of the external system.

[0054] When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change ΔP caused by the primary frequency modulation of the external system eq As shown in equation (2):

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, f is the system frequency, Δ is the increment, and f D2 This is the frequency dead zone value for the external system.

[0057] The frequency response model of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode is derived from the primary frequency regulation dead zone f. D1 , Adjustment rate R CPV The installed capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation units under centralized frequency regulation control mode K CPV It consists of photovoltaic frequency modulation and limiting under centralized frequency modulation control mode.

[0058] When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by primary frequency regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode is shown in equation (3):

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, f D1 This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode.

[0061] The frequency response model of photovoltaic power generation under distributed frequency regulation control mode is derived from the primary frequency regulation dead zone f. D3 , Adjustment rate R DPV The installed capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation units under the distributed frequency regulation control mode K DPV It consists of photovoltaic frequency modulation and limiting components under the distributed frequency modulation control mode.

[0062] When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by primary frequency regulation of photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode is shown in equation (4):

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, f D3 This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode.

[0065] Based on the frequency modulation characteristics of different control modes, determine the range of values ​​for frequency modulation dead zone and droop rate for each control mode.

[0066] Considering the strong controllability of photovoltaic unit output power under centralized control mode, and the ability to adjust power output according to the needs of the dispatching system, the primary frequency regulation dead zone f of photovoltaic under centralized frequency regulation control mode is taken. D1 Less than the photovoltaic primary frequency regulation dead zone f under distributed frequency regulation control mode D3 This allows the photovoltaic units to operate before the distributed control units in the centralized control mode.

[0067] A multi-objective optimization model was established, and the frequency dead zone and droop rate values ​​for each control mode were set and optimized.

[0068] The multi-objective optimization model includes minimizing the maximum frequency difference, minimizing the steady-state frequency difference, and minimizing the photovoltaic active power regulation.

[0069] Taking into account both grid security and economic efficiency, a multi-objective optimization model for coordinated control between two frequency regulation control modes of photovoltaic power generation is established, with the objectives of minimizing the maximum frequency deviation of the grid, minimizing the steady-state frequency deviation, and minimizing the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under each control mode. The model optimizes the frequency regulation dead zone and regulation skew rate of the two frequency regulation control modes (centralized control mode and decentralized frequency regulation control mode). The objective function of this optimization problem can be described as follows:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula, the independent variable θ = [f D1 ,f D3 ,R CPV ,R DPV ] T N is the set of disturbances, λ1~λ4 are the weighting coefficients, and Δf nadir For the maximum frequency difference, Δf ∞ For steady-state frequency difference, ΔP CPV For the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized control mode, ΔP DPV This represents the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under distributed control mode, where the weighting coefficient is set according to control requirements.

[0072] The constraints on the frequency modulation dead zone, droop rate, and active power output of the photovoltaic unit are expressed as follows:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula f D1min f D1max These represent the upper and lower limits of the frequency regulation dead zone for photovoltaic power generation under centralized control mode, f D3min f D3max These represent the upper and lower limits of the frequency regulation dead zone for photovoltaic power generation under distributed control mode, ΔP CPVmin ΔP CPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of adjustable photovoltaic active power under centralized control mode, ΔPDPVmin ΔP DPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of adjustable photovoltaic active power under distributed control mode, R CPVmin R CPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of the droop rate under centralized control mode, R. DPVmin R DPVmax These represent the upper and lower limits of the droop rate under the decentralized control mode.

[0075] Based on a multi-objective optimization model, the optimal frequency modulation dead zone and droop rate are obtained.

[0076] Under different power disturbances, the maximum frequency deviation and steady-state frequency deviation of the system are obtained from the frequency response model. The photovoltaic active power output under each control is substituted into the multi-objective optimization model. The optimal frequency dead zone and droop rate under different control modes are solved by the optimization algorithm, and the objective function value is calculated and recorded.

[0077] Determine the objective function value. If the objective function value is minimized, the optimal frequency dead zone and droop rate are obtained. If the objective function value is not minimized, reset the frequency dead zone and droop rate values ​​for each control mode until the optimal frequency dead zone and droop rate are obtained.

[0078] Because the controllability of the distributed control mode is worse than that of the centralized mode, photovoltaic units suffer from problems such as power over-adjustment and insufficient adjustability, which are not conducive to dispatch management. Under the premise of ensuring system safety and stability, by reasonably setting the frequency dead zone and droop rate of the two frequency regulation control modes, the photovoltaic units in the distributed control mode are kept out of frequency regulation as much as possible when the system experiences small disturbances, while the photovoltaic units in the distributed control mode quickly participate in frequency regulation when the system experiences large disturbances. The active power-frequency static characteristic curve of the grid generator unit is shown below. Figure 3 As shown.

[0079] The key parameter tuning method was tested using an improved IEEE 33-node simulation example with photovoltaic power generation, built on the DI gS I LENT / PowerFactory simulation platform.

[0080] The speed governor control system of the thermal power unit adopts the IEEE-G1 type speed governor system. The photovoltaic model adopts the general electromechanical transient model of photovoltaic power generation proposed by the Western Electric Coordinating Committee of the United States and the Electric Power Research Institute of the United States. The frequency dead zone of the external system is set to an empirical value of 0.033Hz. The equivalent parameters of the external system obtained through identification are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1 Equivalent parameters of external system

[0082]

[0083] Based on the specific steps of the key parameter tuning method, the optimization results of the frequency modulation parameters under each frequency modulation control mode are shown in Table 2:

[0084] Table 2 Optimization results of key frequency modulation parameters

[0085]

[0086] To verify the adaptability of frequency modulation parameter tuning for the different frequency modulation control modes, the frequency modulation effects of the three operating modes under different disturbances were compared:

[0087] Method 1: In the centralized frequency regulation control mode, the photovoltaic unit participates in frequency regulation, the frequency regulation dead zone is ±0.05Hz, and the regulation rate is 2%. In the decentralized frequency regulation control mode, the photovoltaic unit does not participate in frequency regulation.

[0088] Method 2: In both frequency modulation control modes, the photovoltaic unit participates in the system frequency regulation, and the frequency modulation dead zone is set to ±0.05Hz and the droop rate is set to 2%.

[0089] Method 3: Based on Table 2, the frequency modulation parameters for the two control modes are set approximately differently. The frequency modulation dead zone is set to ±0.02Hz and the droop rate is set to 2.8% in the centralized frequency modulation control mode, and the frequency modulation dead zone is set to ±0.08Hz and the droop rate is set to 2.0% in the decentralized frequency modulation control mode.

[0090] Example 1:

[0091] Combined with simulation examples, such as Figure 4 As shown, the power grid frequency variation curve experiences a sudden increase of 1% of installed capacity active power disturbance at 2 seconds to simulate a small disturbance in the power grid. Figure 5 The active power variation of photovoltaic power generation under the centralized frequency regulation control mode shown is as follows: Figure 6 The active power variation of the photovoltaic unit is shown under the distributed frequency regulation control mode.

[0092] The simulation results above show that when the system experiences a small disturbance, the system frequency is higher than 49.92Hz under all three control modes. At this time, the distributed frequency regulation control mode under mode 3 does not operate, which verifies the rationality of the coordinated control parameter tuning and ensures that the photovoltaic unit does not participate in the grid frequency regulation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode under small disturbances.

[0093] Example 2:

[0094] Based on simulation examples, a sudden 3% increase in installed capacity active power disturbance at 2 seconds is used to simulate a large disturbance in the power grid. The power grid frequency change curve is shown below. Figure 7 As shown, the change in active power of the photovoltaic unit under centralized frequency regulation control mode is as follows: Figure 8 As shown, the change in active power of the photovoltaic unit under the distributed frequency regulation control mode is as follows: Figure 9 As shown.

[0095] The simulation results above show that if the photovoltaic (PV) units do not participate in system frequency regulation under distributed control mode, the system frequency will drop to 49.75Hz. This demonstrates that under large disturbances, the PV units should participate in system frequency regulation under distributed frequency control mode, as they play an indispensable role in supporting the system frequency. Furthermore, using method 3 for PV units to participate in system frequency regulation under distributed control mode can also ensure a minimum frequency above 49.8Hz. This approach, while maintaining system frequency stability, also reduces the power required for PV units to participate in grid frequency regulation under distributed control mode.

[0096] In summary, the key parameter tuning method for coordinated control between frequency regulation modes of photovoltaic power generation provided by this invention can not only ensure the stability requirements of the power grid frequency, but also has certain economic efficiency and security. The frequency regulation parameter optimization results of the two frequency regulation control modes of distributed photovoltaic power generation are only applicable to specific calculation cases or actual systems, and the parameter optimization method has universality.

[0097] In some examples of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also involved, storing a computer program to instruct related hardware. When the program is executed, it can achieve the tuning of key parameters for coordinated control between the aforementioned photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by instructing related hardware through a computer program. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0098] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0099] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A method for tuning key parameters of coordinated control between photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes, characterized in that, The key parameter tuning method specifically includes the following steps: Obtain equivalent parameters of the external system and establish a grid frequency response model that includes photovoltaic power generation; Based on the frequency regulation characteristics of different control modes in the power grid frequency response model, determine the range of values ​​for the frequency regulation dead zone and droop rate for each control mode; A multi-objective optimization model is established with the objectives of minimizing the maximum frequency difference of the power grid, minimizing the steady-state frequency difference, and minimizing the photovoltaic active power regulation under each control mode. Under different power disturbances, the maximum frequency deviation and steady-state frequency deviation of the system are obtained based on the power grid frequency response model. The photovoltaic active power output under each control is substituted into the multi-objective optimization model, and the optimal frequency dead zone and droop rate under different control modes are solved by the optimization algorithm. The power grid frequency response model includes an external equivalent system frequency response model, a photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under centralized frequency regulation control mode, and a photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under decentralized frequency regulation control mode. The external equivalent system frequency response model includes a primary frequency modulation dead zone. Equivalent second-order transfer function External system installation ratio The equivalent second-order transfer function of the external equivalent system is shown in equation (1). In the formula, s For the Laplace operator, a 0、 a 1. b 0、 b 1 represents the parameter coefficient, where a 0、 a 1. b 0、 b 1. Obtained through identification based on the frequency response characteristics of the external system; When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by the primary frequency modulation of the external system... As shown in equation (2): In the formula, This represents the change in system frequency. It is an equivalent second-order transfer function. This is the dead zone value for primary frequency modulation; The photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under the centralized frequency regulation control mode includes the primary frequency regulation dead zone and the droop rate. The installed capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation units under centralized frequency regulation control mode Photovoltaic frequency modulation limiting under centralized frequency modulation control mode; When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by primary frequency regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode is shown in equation (3): In the formula, This refers to the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. This represents the change in system frequency. This refers to the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. The photovoltaic power generation frequency response model under the distributed frequency regulation control mode includes the primary frequency regulation dead zone and the droop rate. The installed capacity ratio of photovoltaic power generation units under the distributed frequency regulation control mode Photovoltaic frequency modulation limiting under distributed frequency modulation control mode; When a power disturbance occurs in the system, the power change caused by primary frequency regulation of photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode is shown in equation (4): In the formula, This refers to the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode. This represents the change in system frequency. This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode.

2. The method for tuning key parameters of coordinated control between photovoltaic power generation frequency regulation modes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-objective optimization model optimizes the frequency modulation dead zone and skew rate under both centralized and decentralized frequency modulation control modes. The objective function of the optimization problem is: In the formula, the independent variable , This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. This represents the frequency regulation dead zone value for photovoltaic power generation under distributed frequency regulation control mode. This refers to the primary frequency regulation droop rate of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. This refers to the primary frequency regulation droop rate of photovoltaic power generation under distributed frequency regulation control mode. N For the perturbation set, ~ These are the weighting coefficients. For the maximum frequency difference, This represents the steady-state frequency difference, where the weighting coefficients are set according to control requirements. The constraints on the frequency regulation dead zone, droop rate, and active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation are expressed as follows: In the formula, , These represent the upper and lower limits of the frequency regulation dead zone for photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. , These represent the upper and lower limits of the frequency regulation dead zone for photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode. , These are the upper and lower limits of the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. , These represent the upper and lower limits of the active power regulation of photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode. , These represent the upper and lower limits of the primary frequency regulation skew rate for photovoltaic power generation under centralized frequency regulation control mode. , These represent the upper and lower limits of the primary frequency regulation skew rate for photovoltaic power generation under the distributed frequency regulation control mode.

3. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program to instruct related hardware, wherein when the program is executed, it is capable of implementing the method described in any one of claims 1 to 2.

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