Cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying superhigh-temperature liquid metal

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cylinder linear induction electromagnetic pumps for conveying superhigh temperature liquid metal, belong to the technical field of pump.By the pipeline of forced heat exchange gas into the electromagnetic pump to reduce the temperature of ferromagnetic material in the electromagnetic pump;Blackbody coating material is arranged on the inner and outer surface of forced heat exchange pipeline, and the emissivity is increased;Thermal insulation washer is arranged between the support and the outer stator to avoid direct contact with the high-temperature support.The temperature of the inner and outer stators of the electromagnetic pump can be significantly reduced, and the high-temperature demagnetization of the ferromagnetic material is prevented.Because the heat exchange channel inlet and outlet are arranged in the electromagnetic pump, the channel inlet and outlet for conveying liquid metal are designed to be vertically arranged, and flow guide channels are designed at the inlet and outlet of the electromagnetic section, so that the liquid medium uniformly flows into and out of the electromagnetic section.The application can significantly improve the temperature of the liquid metal being conveyed, and has important significance for improving the efficiency of energy conversion and energy storage systems using liquid metal as the heat transfer medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pump technology, and specifically relates to a cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal. Background Technology

[0002] Annular Linear Induction Pumps (ALIPs) are the preferred circulating pumps for various nuclear energy plants using liquid metal as a coolant due to their simple structure, lack of moving parts, maintenance-free operation, high safety and reliability, and long lifespan. Their coil windings are connected to a three-phase alternating current. This alternating current excites a traveling wave magnetic field, which in turn induces a current in the liquid metal. The interaction between the induced current and the traveling wave magnetic field generates a Lorentz force along the pump's axial direction, propelling the fluid along the pump's axis. Traditional ALIPs typically handle liquid metal temperatures below 500 degrees Celsius. However, with the varying application requirements of different nuclear energy plants, when the temperature of the liquid metal exceeds 1000 degrees Celsius, greater challenges are posed to heat dissipation of the internal components. The main components of the ALIP bear the dual burden of heat conduction from the pumped medium and heat generated within the components themselves. Excessive component temperature affects the conductivity of the ALIP coil and the excitation effect of the internal and external stators, severely impacting the pump's efficiency and lifespan. Therefore, timely control of the internal temperature distribution of each component is of great theoretical significance and engineering application value.

[0003] Domestic utility model patent CN 217183061U, "A ventilation and heat dissipation structure for an electromagnetic pump," uses a fan shroud and ventilation pipe to enclose the coil, effectively reducing the coil temperature by forcibly directing cooling air to the high-temperature winding coil. Utility model patent CN 112803712 A, "A liquid metal electromagnetic pump," uses annular heat-conducting elements, each disposed in a receiving groove, to improve the heat conduction efficiency between the internal iron core and the shell. Invention patent CN115001236 A, "A liquid metal electromagnetic pump," is designed for conveying low-temperature media, configuring the external coil to directly or indirectly transfer heat to the pump groove pressure pipe via a heat transfer medium. Invention patent CN112311195 B, "A cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump with axial guide vanes," arranges axial guide vanes in the flow channel of the electromagnetic pump to stabilize the flow and improve the flow stability under high-flow pump operation conditions. Invention patent CN 115276367 A, "A Cylindrical Linear Induction Electromagnetic Pump for Transporting Ultra-High Temperature Liquid Metal," enhances heat dissipation through radiation to the external environment by adding heat sinks and fins, effectively controlling the temperature of the internal stator of the electromagnetic pump. Circumferential guide plates are installed at the inlet and outlet bends to optimize the flow field, providing a stronger guarantee for the efficient and stable operation of the electromagnetic pump. While the above patents all propose some improvements and innovations in the flow and heat dissipation of electromagnetic pumps, the electromagnetic pump described in the utility model patent is mainly used for cooling through conduction or for cooling the outer stator, without mentioning methods for controlling the internal temperature of the inner stator. Furthermore, the addition of air ducts complicates the pump structure, making manufacturing more difficult. Moreover, this addition of ventilation holes may result in insufficient magnetic induction intensity generated by the coils, thus affecting the pressure generated by the pump itself. The invention patent only transfers heat through a low-temperature medium using heat sinks and fins; however, due to the limitation of the circular radiation heat dissipation area at both ends of the ALIP, it cannot achieve the expected heat dissipation effect when transporting ultra-high temperature fluids.

[0004] This invention patent relates to an ALIP design for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal. It incorporates a forced convection airflow channel coated with a blackbody material inside the inner stator to enhance convective and radiative heat transfer. Furthermore, a thermal insulation gasket is placed between the support frame and the outer stator to prevent direct contact with the high-temperature support frame, thus reducing heat conduction. This provides a more valuable solution for the design and manufacture of an ALIP for conveying ultra-high temperature media. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the heat dissipation problem of ALIP for transporting ultra-high temperature liquid metal. To this end, a cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump with a forced convection heat exchange pipe is provided. This invention achieves the above technical objective through the following technical means.

[0006] A cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal includes a liquid metal inlet elbow, a bracket, a heat insulation gasket, an outer stator, a coil winding, a heat insulation layer, a liquid metal outlet elbow, a positioning sleeve, a forced heat exchange pipe, a positioning retaining ring, an inner stator, a flow channel, an inlet flow stabilizer, an outlet flow stabilizer, a bracket, an inner heat exchange pipe wall, an outer heat exchange pipe wall, a rib, a coil winding retaining ring, a flow channel pipe wall, and a flow channel flow stabilizer.

[0007] The flow channel, heat insulation gasket, heat insulation layer, positioning sleeve, and forced heat exchange pipe are arranged horizontally and coaxially. The internal stator is located inside the flow channel and fixed to the forced heat exchange pipe by positioning clasps. The forced heat exchange pipe is fixed to the liquid metal inlet elbow. The positioning sleeve fixes and connects the liquid metal outlet elbow and the forced heat exchange pipe. The heat insulation layer is spliced ​​and fixed to the flow channel. The coil winding and coil winding clasps fill the external stator slots. The external stator is circumferentially distributed outside the flow channel. The bracket is spliced ​​and fixed to the liquid metal inlet elbow and fixed and supports the forced heat exchange pipe by brackets. The inlet flow stabilizer and outlet flow stabilizer are located inside the liquid metal inlet elbow and liquid metal outlet elbow, respectively, and are connected to the walls of the liquid metal inlet elbow and liquid metal outlet elbow, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, a forced heat exchange pipe is installed inside the stator. The forced heat exchange pipe consists of an inner heat exchange pipe wall and an outer heat exchange pipe wall. Its inlet and outlet are arranged horizontally and coaxially with the central axis of the electromagnetic pump. The water flows into and out of the annular heat exchange pipe evenly through a tapered guide section. Figure 3 ).

[0009] Furthermore, the inside of the forced heat exchange pipe is coated with a blackbody coating material (comprising zirconium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, and a high-temperature resistant binder) to increase the radiation absorption rate.

[0010] Furthermore, the axial length of the forced heat exchange pipe is greater than the axial length of the flow channel, and the inner diameter of the forced heat exchange pipe increases with the inner diameter of the flow channel to ensure that the forced heat exchange area allows sufficient heat to be transferred out in the form of radiation.

[0011] Furthermore, in the forced heat exchange pipeline, the inner heat exchange pipe wall is connected and fixed to the outer heat exchange pipe wall by ribs. The number of ribs is greater than three and they are evenly arranged circumferentially to enhance heat exchange.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat insulation gasket is located between the bracket and the outer stator and is made of ceramic microspheres, zirconium silicate compound, and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the coil winding gap is made of quartz, alumina, mica, and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the heat insulation layer is made of alumina felt to increase thermal resistance.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat insulation layer, the inner stator, the coil winding retainer, and the flow channel wall have vacuum gaps to prevent high-temperature deformation from causing extrusion damage. In a vacuum environment, vacuum filling of the air gaps increases thermal resistance; in a non-vacuum environment, external forced heat exchange can be added for cooling, such as using gas or liquid cooling.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid metal inlet elbow and liquid metal outlet elbow are arranged vertically. Figure 4 a) Avoid geometric interference between its horizontal layout and forced heat exchange pipes and brackets.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper part of the liquid metal inlet elbow and liquid metal outlet elbow adopts a gradually expanding design to reduce pressure drop loss and minimize the impact on the uniformity of velocity distribution in the annular cross-section of the flow channel. Two flow-stabilizing guide plates are symmetrically arranged inside the gradually expanding section. The circumferential angle β of the gradually expanding section should be greater than 90°, and the circumferential angle α of the guide plates should not be greater than the circumferential angle β of the gradually expanding section. Figure 4 (b) The lower half of the liquid metal inlet elbow has a triangular cross-section, and the lower half of the liquid metal outlet elbow has a rectangular cross-section.

[0016] Furthermore, the liquid metal inlet elbow, liquid metal outlet elbow, and flow channel are manufactured as a single piece using a molybdenum-rhenium alloy, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and leak-free operation.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] This invention can significantly reduce the temperature of the inner and outer stators of the electromagnetic pump, thereby reducing the impact of excessively high temperature of the conveyed medium on the magnetism of the inner and outer stators and the temperature of the coils. Under the premise of meeting operational reliability, it greatly improves the performance when conveying ultra-high temperature media and extends the service life. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A perspective view of a cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal;

[0021] Figure 2 (a) is Figure 1 Cross-sectional view;

[0022] Figure 2 (b) is Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the document;

[0023] Figure 2 (c) is Figure 1 The left view;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional perspective view of the ventilation duct.

[0025] Figure 4 (a) is a three-dimensional view of the inlet / outlet elbow;

[0026] Figure 4 (b) is the front view of the inlet / outlet elbow.

[0027] The following is supplementary explanation of the attached figures:

[0028] 1—Liquid metal inlet elbow, 2—Bracket, 3—Insulation gasket, 4—Outer stator, 5—Coil winding, 6—Insulation layer, 7—Liquid metal outlet elbow, 8—Positioning sleeve, 9—Forced heat exchange pipe, 10—Positioning retainer, 11—Inner stator, 12—Flow channel, 13—Inlet flow stabilizer plate, 14—Outlet flow stabilizer plate, 15—Bracket, 16—Inner heat exchanger tube wall, 17—Outer heat exchanger tube wall, 18—Rib plate, 19—Coil winding retainer, 20—Flow channel tube wall, 21—Flow channel flow stabilizer plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example:

[0031] To address the technical problem of excessively high internal temperature in cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pumps used for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metals, this embodiment provides a cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature media, combined with the attached... Figure 1 —4 will be explained.

[0032] A cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal is characterized by comprising: a liquid metal inlet elbow 1, a bracket 2, a heat insulation gasket 3, an outer stator 4, a coil winding 5, a heat insulation layer 6, a liquid metal outlet elbow 7, a positioning sleeve 8, a forced heat exchange pipe 9, a positioning retaining ring 10, an inner stator 11, a flow channel 12, an inlet flow stabilizer plate 13, an outlet flow stabilizer plate 14, a bracket 15, an inner heat exchange pipe wall 16, an outer heat exchange pipe wall 17, a rib plate 18, a coil winding retaining ring 19, a flow channel pipe wall 20, and a flow channel flow stabilizer plate 21;

[0033] The flow channel 12 is horizontally and coaxially arranged with the heat insulation gasket 3, the heat insulation layer 6, the positioning sleeve 8, and the forced heat exchange pipe 9. The internal stator 11 is located inside the flow channel and is fixed to the forced heat exchange pipe 9 by the positioning retainer 10. The forced heat exchange pipe 9 is fixed to the liquid metal inlet elbow 1. The positioning sleeve 8 fixes and connects the liquid metal outlet elbow 7 and the forced heat exchange pipe 9. The heat insulation layer 6 is spliced ​​and fixed to the flow channel 12. The coil winding 5 and the coil winding retainer 19 are filled in the tooth groove of the external stator 4. The external stator 4 is circumferentially distributed outside the flow channel 12. The bracket 2 is spliced ​​and fixed to the liquid metal inlet elbow 1 and is fixed and supported by the bracket 15.

[0034] In some embodiments, the outer stator 4 and the inner stator 11 are both made of multiple layers of silicon steel sheets laminated together, with insulation treatment between adjacent silicon steel sheets.

[0035] In some embodiments, the coil winding 5 is wound around the coil winding retainer 19 and arranged in an axial array, filling the toothed slots of the outer stator 4, which is uniformly arranged circumferentially.

[0036] In some embodiments, a forced heat exchange pipe 9 is added inside the flow channel 12. The forced heat exchange pipe 9 is composed of an inner heat exchange pipe wall 16 and an outer heat exchange pipe wall 17. Its inlet and outlet are arranged horizontally and coaxially with the central axis of the electromagnetic pump. It flows into and out of the annular heat exchange pipe evenly through a tapered guide section. Figure 3 ).

[0037] In some embodiments, the interior of the forced heat exchange pipe 9 is coated with a blackbody coating material (comprising zirconium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, and a high-temperature resistant binder) to increase the radiation absorption rate.

[0038] In some embodiments, the axial length of the forced heat exchange pipe 9 is greater than the axial length of the flow channel 12, and the inner diameter of the forced heat exchange pipe 9 increases with the inner diameter of the flow channel 12 to ensure that the forced heat exchange area allows sufficient heat to be transferred out in the form of radiation.

[0039] In some embodiments, the inner heat exchange pipe wall 16 in the forced heat exchange pipe 9 is connected and fixed to the outer heat exchange pipe wall 17 by ribs 18. The number of ribs 18 is greater than three and they are evenly arranged in the circumference to enhance heat exchange.

[0040] In some embodiments, the heat insulation gasket 3 is located between the bracket 2 and the outer stator 4, and is made of ceramic microspheres, zirconium silicate compound, and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the gap of the coil winding 5 is made of quartz, alumina, mica, and high-temperature resistant adhesive; the heat insulation layer 6 is made of alumina felt to increase thermal resistance.

[0041] In some embodiments, gaps exist between the insulation layer 6, the inner stator 11, the coil winding retainer 19, and the wall of the flow channel 12 to prevent high-temperature deformation from causing extrusion damage. In a vacuum environment, vacuum filling of the air gap is used to increase thermal resistance; in a non-vacuum environment, external forced heat exchange can be added for cooling, such as using gas or liquid cooling.

[0042] In some embodiments, the liquid metal inlet elbow 1 and the liquid metal outlet elbow 7 are arranged vertically. Figure 4 a) To avoid geometric interference between its horizontal arrangement and the forced heat exchange pipes 9 and brackets 15.

[0043] In some embodiments, the upper parts of the liquid metal inlet elbow 1 and the liquid metal outlet elbow 7 adopt a gradually expanding type to reduce pressure drop loss and reduce the impact on the uniformity of velocity distribution in the annular cross section of the flow channel 12. Two inlet flow stabilizer plates 13 and two outlet flow stabilizer plates 14 are symmetrically arranged inside the gradually expanding section. The circumferential angle β of the gradually expanding section should be greater than 90°, and the circumferential angle α of the guide plates should not be greater than the circumferential angle β of the gradually expanding section. Figure 4 (b) The lower half of the liquid metal inlet elbow 1 has a triangular cross section, and the lower half of the liquid metal outlet elbow 7 has a rectangular cross section, so as to be positioned by the positioning sleeve 8.

[0044] In some embodiments, the liquid metal inlet elbow 1, the liquid metal outlet elbow 7, and the flow channel 12 are integrally molded from a molybdenum-rhenium alloy, and have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and no leakage.

[0045] This invention discloses a cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal. It reduces the temperature of the internal ferromagnetic material by introducing a forced heat exchange gas through a pipe. A blackbody coating is applied to both the inner and outer surfaces of the forced heat exchange pipe to increase emissivity. A heat-insulating gasket is placed between the support and the external stator to prevent direct contact with the high-temperature support. This significantly reduces the temperature of the internal and external stators of the electromagnetic pump, preventing high-temperature demagnetization of the ferromagnetic material. Because the electromagnetic pump has inlet and outlet heat exchange channels, the inlet and outlet of the liquid metal conveying channel are designed vertically, and guide channels are designed at the inlet and outlet of the electromagnetic section to ensure uniform flow of the liquid medium into and out of the electromagnetic section, thus avoiding geometric interference with traditional flow channel designs and heat dissipation ventilation pipes. This design greatly enhances the temperature control of the internal ferromagnetic material of the cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump, significantly improving the temperature of the conveyed liquid metal. This is of great significance for improving the efficiency of energy conversion and storage systems using liquid metal as a heat transfer medium.

[0046] In summary, the cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal of the present invention, wherein the heat insulation coating, blackbody coating material and ventilation pipe can significantly reduce the influence of ultra-high temperature medium on the temperature of the inner and outer stators, thereby reducing the influence of temperature on the magnetism of the inner and outer stators, and greatly improving the performance and service life of the cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump when conveying ultra-high temperature medium.

[0047] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cylindrical linear induction electromagnetic pump for conveying ultra-high temperature liquid metal, characterized in that: Includes liquid metal inlet elbow (1), bracket (2), heat insulation gasket (3), external stator (4), coil winding (5), heat insulation layer (6), liquid metal outlet elbow (7), positioning sleeve (8), forced heat exchange pipe (9), positioning retainer (10), internal stator (11), flow channel (12), inlet flow stabilizer (13), outlet flow stabilizer (14), bracket (15), and coil winding retainer (19); The flow channel (12) is horizontally coaxially arranged with the heat insulation gasket (3), the heat insulation layer (6), the positioning sleeve (8), and the forced heat exchange pipe (9). The internal stator (11) is located in the inner space of the annular flow channel (12) and is fixed to the forced heat exchange pipe (9) by the positioning retainer (10). The forced heat exchange pipe (9) is fixed to the liquid metal inlet elbow (1). The positioning sleeve (8) fixes and connects the liquid metal outlet elbow (7) and the forced heat exchange pipe (9). The heat insulation layer (6) is spliced ​​and fixed between the flow channel (12) and the coil winding (5). The coil winding (5) and coil winding retainer (19) are filled in the tooth groove of the outer stator (4). The outer stator (4) is circumferentially distributed outside the flow channel (12). The bracket (2) is spliced ​​and fixed on the liquid metal inlet elbow (1) and fixed and positioned by the bracket (15) and the forced heat exchange pipe (9). The inlet flow stabilizer plate (13) and the outlet flow stabilizer plate (14) are located inside the liquid metal inlet elbow (1) and the liquid metal outlet elbow (7) respectively, and are connected to the wall of the liquid metal inlet elbow (1) and the liquid metal outlet elbow (7) respectively. The inner space of the internal stator (11) is provided with a forced heat exchange pipe (9). The forced heat exchange pipe (9) is composed of an inner heat exchange pipe wall (16) and an outer heat exchange pipe wall (17). Its inlet and outlet are arranged horizontally and coaxially with the central axis of the electromagnetic pump. The forced heat exchange gas flows into and out of the annular heat exchange pipe evenly through the conical guide section.

2. The electromagnetic pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forced heat exchange pipe (9) is coated with a blackbody coating material, which is composed of zirconium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and high-temperature resistant binder.

3. The electromagnetic pump of claim 1, wherein, The axial length of the forced heat exchange pipe (9) is greater than the axial length of the flow channel (12). The inner diameter of the forced heat exchange pipe (9) increases with the inner diameter of the flow channel (12) to ensure that the forced heat exchange area allows sufficient heat to be transferred out in the form of radiation.

4. The electromagnetic pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner heat exchange pipe wall (16) of the forced heat exchange pipe (9) is connected and fixed to the outer heat exchange pipe wall (17) through ribs (18). There are more than 3 ribs (18) and they are evenly arranged in the circumference to enhance heat exchange.

5. The electromagnetic pump of claim 1, wherein, The heat insulation gasket (3) is located between the bracket (2) and the external stator (4). The heat insulation gasket (3) is made of heat insulation material containing ceramic microspheres, zirconium silicate compound and high temperature resistant adhesive. The gap of the coil winding (5) is filled with heat insulation material made of quartz, alumina, mica and high temperature resistant adhesive. The heat insulation layer (6) is made of alumina felt to increase thermal resistance.

6. The electromagnetic pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a vacuum gap between the heat insulation layer (6), the inner stator (11), the coil winding retainer (19) and the flow channel wall (20) forming the flow channel (12) to prevent high temperature deformation from causing extrusion damage and to increase thermal resistance. The flow channel (12) is provided with a flow channel stabilizing guide plate (21).

7. The electromagnetic pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid metal inlet elbow (1) and liquid metal outlet elbow (7) are arranged vertically to avoid geometric interference with the forced heat exchange pipe (9) and bracket (15) when arranged horizontally.

8. The electromagnetic pump according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper half of the liquid metal inlet elbow (1) and liquid metal outlet elbow (7) adopts a gradually expanding type to reduce pressure drop loss and reduce the impact on the uniformity of velocity distribution in the annular cross section of the flow channel (12). Two inlet flow stabilizer plates (13) are symmetrically arranged inside the gradually expanding section of the liquid metal inlet elbow (1), and two outlet flow stabilizer plates (14) are symmetrically arranged inside the gradually expanding section of the liquid metal outlet elbow (7). The circumferential angle β of the gradually expanding section is greater than 90°, and the circumferential angle α of the guide plate is less than or equal to β. The lower half of the liquid metal inlet elbow (1) has a triangular cross section, and the lower half of the liquid metal outlet elbow (7) has a rectangular cross section.

9. The electromagnetic pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid metal inlet elbow (1), liquid metal outlet elbow (7), and flow channel (12) are manufactured in one piece using corrosion-resistant alloy.

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