Monitoring device and monitoring system

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application disclose a monitoring device and a monitoring system, which are applied to a photovoltaic power station. The monitoring device comprises at least three test photovoltaic panels, a cleaning device and a controller. The cleaning device is used to clean each test photovoltaic panel at different frequencies. The controller is used to obtain power generation parameters of each test photovoltaic panel. Comprehensive benefits corresponding to the cleaning frequencies are obtained according to the power generation parameters of each test photovoltaic panel and cleaning costs, and then a relationship curve between the cleaning frequencies and the comprehensive benefits is obtained by fitting according to the cleaning frequencies and the corresponding comprehensive benefits, so as to determine a cleaning frequency corresponding to a maximum comprehensive benefit in the relationship curve. Embodiments of the present application can obtain an optimal cleaning frequency of the photovoltaic power station, so that power generation benefits of the photovoltaic power station are maximized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to a monitoring device and monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] If photovoltaic modules in a solar power plant are not cleaned for a long time, their power generation efficiency will decrease. Regular cleaning can effectively improve power generation efficiency, but too frequent cleaning will increase operating costs, making it impossible for the increased power generation benefits to cover the cleaning costs.

[0003] Currently, the following scheme is adopted to determine the cleaning time of photovoltaic modules: two sets of test photovoltaic modules are set up. One set of test photovoltaic modules is cleaned at a predetermined frequency, while the other set of test photovoltaic modules is synchronized with the operating conditions of the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic power station. By comparing the difference in output power between the two sets of test photovoltaic modules, the power generation loss of the photovoltaic power station can be calculated, thereby determining the cleaning time.

[0004] In the current scheme, the predetermined frequency differs significantly from the optimal clean frequency for photovoltaic power plants. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of this application provide a monitoring device and monitoring system that can obtain the optimal cleaning frequency of a photovoltaic power station, thereby maximizing the power generation revenue of the photovoltaic power station.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0007] On one hand, a monitoring device for a photovoltaic power station is provided. The photovoltaic power station includes target photovoltaic panels, and the monitoring device includes at least three test photovoltaic panels, a cleaning device, and a controller. The test photovoltaic panels are used to convert light energy into electrical energy; the cleaning device is used to clean each test photovoltaic panel, wherein each test photovoltaic panel has a different cleaning frequency; the controller is electrically connected to each test photovoltaic panel to obtain the power generation parameters of each test photovoltaic panel; wherein, based on the power generation parameters of each test photovoltaic panel and the cleaning cost, the comprehensive benefit corresponding to each cleaning frequency is obtained, and then a relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the comprehensive benefit is fitted based on each cleaning frequency and the corresponding comprehensive benefit, so as to determine the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit in the relationship curve.

[0008] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, at least three test photovoltaic panels are arranged sequentially along a predetermined path; wherein the cleaning device is capable of reciprocating along the predetermined path and cleaning the test photovoltaic panels during the movement.

[0009] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the predetermined path is a straight path.

[0010] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring equipment also includes a support assembly; wherein at least three test photovoltaic panels, a cleaning device, and a controller are all mounted on the support assembly.

[0011] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the cleaning device includes a housing, a brush, and a first drive assembly. The housing is movably disposed on the support assembly and is capable of reciprocating relative to the support assembly along a predetermined path, and the housing has an opening on the side facing the test photovoltaic panel; the brush is housed within the housing and brushes the test photovoltaic panel through the opening; the first drive assembly is electrically connected to a controller for driving the movement of the housing.

[0012] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the housing slides into the support assembly.

[0013] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the first drive assembly includes a first motor, a rack, and a gear. The first motor is disposed in the housing and electrically connected to the controller; the rack is disposed in the support assembly and extends along a predetermined path; the gear is disposed on the output shaft of the first motor and meshes with the rack, and the first motor drives the gear to rotate.

[0014] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring device also includes a second drive assembly electrically connected to the controller; wherein the brush is capable of rotating about its own axis, and the second drive assembly is used to drive the brush to rotate.

[0015] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring device also includes a sensor disposed at a predetermined position and electrically connected to the controller, the sensor being configured to be triggered when the cleaning device moves to the predetermined position, so as to cause the cleaning device to move in the opposite direction.

[0016] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, at least three test photovoltaic panels are identical in specifications and orientation, such that the power generation parameters of at least three test photovoltaic panels are identical at the same clean frequency.

[0017] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring device also includes a communication component electrically connected to the controller for wirelessly transmitting the power generation parameters of each tested photovoltaic panel.

[0018] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the monitoring device also includes a battery capable of being charged and discharged, which is electrically connected to each of the test photovoltaic panels to store the electrical energy converted by the test photovoltaic panels, and is also electrically connected to the controller to supply power to the controller.

[0019] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the number of batteries is at least two, one for storing the electrical energy converted by the test photovoltaic panel and the other for powering the controller.

[0020] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring device also includes a housing disposed on the support assembly and located on the back side of the photovoltaic panel being tested, wherein the controller is housed within the housing.

[0021] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring device also includes a support member; wherein one side edge of the support assembly is used to connect to the frame of the target photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power station, one end of the support member is connected to the other side edge of the support assembly, and the other end of the support member is used to support the ground.

[0022] On the other hand, a monitoring system is also provided for use in photovoltaic power plants. The monitoring system includes monitoring equipment and processing equipment.

[0023] The monitoring equipment includes at least three test photovoltaic panels, a cleaning device, and a controller. The test photovoltaic panels convert solar energy into electrical energy; the cleaning device cleans each test photovoltaic panel, which has a different cleaning frequency; the controller is electrically connected to each test photovoltaic panel to obtain its power generation parameters; and the processing equipment calculates the comprehensive benefit corresponding to each cleaning frequency based on the power generation parameters and cleaning costs of each test photovoltaic panel. Then, it fits a relationship curve between cleaning frequency and comprehensive benefit based on each cleaning frequency and its corresponding comprehensive benefit, and determines the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit from the relationship curve.

[0024] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or as an alternative, the number of monitoring devices is multiple.

[0025] In addition to one or more of the features disclosed above, or alternatively, the monitoring system also includes a mobile terminal that is communicatively connected to the processing device and is used to receive the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum overall benefit.

[0026] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0027] The monitoring equipment obtains the power generation parameters of at least three test photovoltaic panels at different cleaning frequencies, and sends these power generation parameters to the processing equipment.

[0028] The processing equipment calculates the comprehensive benefit corresponding to each cleaning frequency based on the power generation parameters of each tested photovoltaic panel and the cleaning cost. Then, it fits a relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the corresponding comprehensive benefit to determine the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit from the curve, thus obtaining the optimal cleaning frequency for the photovoltaic power plant. This maximizes the power generation revenue of the photovoltaic power plant. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The technical solution and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a monitoring device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The diagram shows a three-dimensional structural schematic of the monitoring device from a second perspective, omitting some parts of the housing structure.

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 The image shows an enlarged view of a local structure, omitting some parts of the moving components.

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 View A in the diagram.

[0035] In the diagram, 100 is the monitoring device, 200 is the processing device, 300 is the mobile terminal, 101 is the photovoltaic panel tester, 103 is the cleaning device, 105 is the controller, 107 is the support assembly, 109 is the housing, 110 is the brush, 112 is the opening, 111 is the first drive assembly, 113 is the first motor, 114 is the first cavity, 116 is the second cavity, 115 is the rack, 117 is the gear, 118 is the auxiliary wheel, 119 is the second drive assembly, 120 is the third cavity, 121 is the sensor, 122 is the fourth cavity, 123 is the communication assembly, 125 is the battery, 127 is the housing, 129 is the support component, 131 is the first shield, 133 is the second shield, 135 is the second motor, 137 is the first transmission wheel, 139 is the second transmission wheel, 141 is the transmission belt, and 143 is the light intensity detector. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrates this application. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described in this specification are merely for explaining this application and are not intended to limit it.

[0037] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] A photovoltaic (PV) power plant has multiple target photovoltaic (PV) panels. These panels are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. If these target PV panels are not cleaned for extended periods, their power generation efficiency will decrease. Regular cleaning can effectively improve power generation efficiency, but overly frequent cleaning can increase operating costs, making it difficult to cover the increased power generation benefits.

[0041] The following monitoring system embodiments are applied to photovoltaic power plants, enabling the determination of the optimal cleaning frequency for the photovoltaic power plant, thereby maximizing the power generation revenue of the photovoltaic power plant. The optimal cleaning frequency of the photovoltaic power plant is also the optimal cleaning frequency of the target photovoltaic panels.

[0042] The target photovoltaic panel and the test photovoltaic panel mentioned below are both photovoltaic panels; the difference in name is only for the purpose of distinguishing between the two.

[0043] Please see Figures 1 to 4 . Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring system according to an embodiment of this application. The dashed lines in the figure represent wireless communication connections. Figure 2 and Figure 3 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of the monitoring device 100 from the first and second perspectives, respectively. Figure 3 The structure of box 127 is omitted in the text to show the internal structure of box 127.

[0044] In some embodiments, the monitoring system includes a monitoring device 100 and a processing device 200.

[0045] The monitoring equipment 100 is used in a photovoltaic power station. The monitoring equipment 100 includes at least three test photovoltaic panels 101 (three shown in the figure), a cleaning device 103, and a controller 105.

[0046] The photovoltaic panel 101 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 101 is a device that absorbs sunlight and converts solar radiation energy directly or indirectly into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. Its main material is silicon.

[0047] The cleaning device 103 is used to clean each test photovoltaic panel 101, wherein each test photovoltaic panel 101 has a different cleaning frequency.

[0048] The controller 105 is electrically connected to each test photovoltaic panel 101 to obtain the power generation parameters of each test photovoltaic panel 101. In some embodiments, the power generation parameters include the power generation of the test photovoltaic panel 101. The controller 105 is, for example, a PLC.

[0049] There are M monitoring devices 100, distributed across multiple areas of the photovoltaic power station. Each monitoring device 100 has N test photovoltaic panels 101. Therefore, the testing system has M*N test photovoltaic panels 101. M*N is an integer greater than or equal to 3 for the fitting operation described below. The cleaning frequencies of any two test photovoltaic panels 101 among the M*N test photovoltaic panels 101 are all different. By setting up M monitoring devices 100, the power generation parameters of the test photovoltaic panels 101 at M*N cleaning frequencies can be obtained. In the illustrated embodiment, the monitoring system has 4 monitoring devices 100, and each monitoring device 100 has 3 test photovoltaic panels 101.

[0050] By setting up multiple monitoring devices 100, the size of a single monitoring device 100 can be reduced while still meeting the requirements for a predetermined number of photovoltaic panels 101 to be tested, thus making it easier to carry, transport, and install the monitoring device 100. In some other embodiments, the number of monitoring devices 100 may also be one.

[0051] In the illustrated embodiment, the 12 test photovoltaic panels 101 correspond to different cleaning frequencies. For example, the cleaning frequencies for the 12 test photovoltaic panels 101 are 0 times / month, 1 time / month, 2 times, ..., 11 times / month, respectively. In other embodiments, the cleaning frequency can be set according to actual needs.

[0052] The processing device 200 receives data sent by the monitoring device 100, processes the data, and obtains the optimal cleaning frequency for the photovoltaic power station. The processing device 200 can be local or remote. For example, the processing device 200 can access information and / or data stored in the monitoring device 100 via a network. In some embodiments, the processing device 200 can run on a cloud platform. For example, the cloud platform may include one or any combination of private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, community cloud, distributed cloud, internal cloud, etc. In some embodiments, the processing device 200 can be directly electrically connected to the monitoring device 100 to access the information and / or data stored therein.

[0053] Specifically, the processing equipment 200 obtains the power generation parameters of the target photovoltaic panel at the corresponding cleaning frequency and the cleaning cost based on the power generation parameters of each tested photovoltaic panel 101, and then obtains the comprehensive benefit corresponding to each cleaning frequency by fitting the relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the comprehensive benefit based on each cleaning frequency and the corresponding comprehensive benefit, so as to determine the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit in the relationship curve.

[0054] In some embodiments, the cleaning cost mentioned above may be the cleaning cost of the target photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station (hereinafter referred to as "target cleaning cost"), and correspondingly, the comprehensive benefit mentioned above is the comprehensive benefit of the target photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic power station (hereinafter referred to as "target comprehensive benefit").

[0055] In this embodiment, the processing device 200 obtains the power generation parameters of the target photovoltaic panel at the corresponding cleaning frequency based on the power generation parameters of each tested photovoltaic panel 101. The processing device 200 then obtains the target comprehensive benefit at each cleaning frequency based on the power generation parameters of the target photovoltaic panel at each cleaning frequency and the target cleaning cost. The processing device 200 fits a relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the target comprehensive benefit based on each cleaning frequency and the corresponding target comprehensive benefit, and determines the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum target comprehensive benefit from the relationship curve. This yields the optimal cleaning frequency for the photovoltaic power plant.

[0056] In other embodiments, the cleaning cost mentioned above may be the cleaning cost of testing the photovoltaic panel 101 in the monitoring device 100 (hereinafter referred to as "test cleaning cost"), which can be converted from the target cleaning cost. Correspondingly, the comprehensive benefit mentioned above is the comprehensive benefit of testing the photovoltaic panel 101 in the monitoring device 100 (hereinafter referred to as "test comprehensive benefit").

[0057] In this embodiment, the processing device 200 obtains the overall test benefit corresponding to each cleaning frequency based on the power generation parameters of each tested photovoltaic panel 101 and the test cleaning cost. The processing device 200 then fits a relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the corresponding overall test benefit based on each cleaning frequency. The processing device 200 determines the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum overall test benefit from the relationship curve. This yields the optimal cleaning frequency for the photovoltaic power station.

[0058] The working process of the processing equipment 200 is described in detail below.

[0059] In some embodiments, the monitoring system further includes a mobile terminal 300, which is communicatively connected to the processing device 200. The mobile terminal 300 is used to receive the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum overall benefit.

[0060] Mobile terminal 300 may be a smartphone or an internet-enabled mobile device (e.g., a tablet or laptop) or any device capable of accessing and displaying web content or accessing the internet. In some embodiments, mobile terminal 300 communicates with processing device 200 using a cellular or wireless network. Processing device 200 sends the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum overall benefit obtained to mobile terminal 300 for user review.

[0061] In some embodiments, the mobile terminal 300 may also interact with the processing device 200 to send control commands to the processing device 200 or input data to the processing device 200.

[0062] The mobile terminal 300 is not mandatory. In some embodiments, the monitoring system may include only the monitoring device 100 and the processing device 200, without the mobile terminal 300. Users can directly access relevant information on the processing device 200.

[0063] The monitoring equipment 100 is described in detail below.

[0064] In some embodiments, at least three test photovoltaic panels 101 are identical in specifications and orientation, ensuring that the power generation parameters of the at least three test photovoltaic panels 101 are identical at the same clean frequency. Specifications include: silicon material, encapsulation form, photoelectric conversion efficiency, and dimensions. Orientation specifically refers to the tilt angle of the test photovoltaic panel 101 relative to the ground.

[0065] At least three test photovoltaic panels 101 have the same power generation parameters at the same cleaning frequency, so that the only difference between the test photovoltaic panels 101 in the monitoring device 100 is the cleaning frequency. Therefore, it is easier to calculate the impact of the cleaning frequency on the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0066] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the orientation of each test photovoltaic panel 101 is the same as that of the target photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power station. That is, the tilt angle of each test photovoltaic panel 101 relative to the ground is the same as the tilt angle of the target photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power station relative to the ground. This makes it easier to calculate the correspondence between the power generation efficiency of the test photovoltaic panel 101 and the power generation efficiency of the target photovoltaic panel.

[0067] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 is wirelessly connected to the processing device 200 to wirelessly transmit the power generation parameters of the tested photovoltaic panel 101 to the processing device 200. This facilitates the deployment of the monitoring device 100. The wireless communication connection refers to wireless remote communication technology, such as wireless remote communication technology using radio frequency or other electromagnetic radiation-based communication technologies (including RFID, NFC, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Zigbee, or other technologies).

[0068] Specifically, the monitoring device 100 also includes a communication component 123, which is electrically connected to the controller 105 and is used to wirelessly transmit the power generation parameters of each tested photovoltaic panel 101. The communication component 123 may be a Wi-Fi transceiver or a 3G or 4G signal transceiver with networking capabilities.

[0069] In some embodiments, at least three test photovoltaic panels 101 are arranged sequentially along a predetermined path. Specifically, as shown in the figure, the predetermined path is a straight path. Compared to a curved path, a straight path allows the cleaning device 103 to move along a shorter path.

[0070] The cleaning device 103 is capable of reciprocating along a predetermined path and cleaning the photovoltaic panel 101 during the movement.

[0071] Each test photovoltaic panel 101 traversed by the cleaning device 103 during its round trip is cleaned once. By controlling the length of the path traveled by the cleaning device 103 during each round trip, each test photovoltaic panel 101 can be cleaned selectively.

[0072] For ease of description, Figure 2 The three test photovoltaic panels 101 are named test photovoltaic panels 101a, 101b, and 101c. In one application scenario, the predetermined cleaning frequency for test photovoltaic panel 101a is 0 times / month, for test photovoltaic panel 101b it is 1 time / month, and for test photovoltaic panel 101c it is 2 times / month. Within one month, the cleaning device 103 moves back and forth twice. The first movement of the cleaning device 103 involves moving from the position shown in the diagram to a position between test photovoltaic panels 101a and 101b, and then returning. During this movement, the cleaning device 103 cleans test photovoltaic panels 101b and 101c. The second movement of the cleaning device 103 involves moving from the position shown in the diagram to a position between test photovoltaic panels 101b and 101c, and then returning. During this movement, the cleaning device 103 cleans test photovoltaic panel 101c.

[0073] With this setup, multiple test photovoltaic panels 101 can be cleaned at different frequencies by setting up a single cleaning device 103, which reduces the manufacturing cost of the monitoring device and makes it easier to control the cleaning action of the cleaning device 103.

[0074] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 further includes a sensor 121. The sensor 121 is disposed at a predetermined position and electrically connected to the controller 105. The sensor 121 is configured to be triggered when the cleaning device 103 moves to the predetermined position, so as to cause the cleaning device 103 to move in the reverse direction.

[0075] Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the monitoring device 100 includes sensors 121a and 121b. Continuing with the above example, sensor 121a is positioned between the tested photovoltaic panels 101a and 101b, and sensor 121b is positioned between the tested photovoltaic panels 101b and 101c. The cleaning device 103 moves for the first time: from the illustrated position to the position between the tested photovoltaic panels 101a and 101b, triggering sensor 121a and then returning. The cleaning device 103 moves for the second time: from the illustrated position to the position between the tested photovoltaic panels 101b and 101c, triggering sensor 121b and then returning.

[0076] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 further includes a support assembly 107. The support assembly 107 is used to mount the remaining components in the monitoring device 100, thereby fixing the relative positions of the components. For example, the test photovoltaic panel 101, controller 105, communication component 123, cleaning device 103, sensor 121 in the above embodiments, and the battery 125 and housing 127 in the following embodiments can all be mounted on the support assembly 107.

[0077] To reduce the weight of the monitoring device 100, in the illustrated embodiment, the support assembly 107 is in the shape of a flat frame. Specifically, the support assembly 107 can be assembled from multiple profiles. The specific shape of the support assembly 107 is not limited, as long as it meets the installation requirements.

[0078] The support assembly 107 has two opposing sides, A and B. In some embodiments, the edge of one side A of the support assembly 107 is used to connect to the frame of a target photovoltaic panel in a photovoltaic power station. Specifically, the edge of one side A of the support assembly 107 abuts against the frame of the target photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power station, and the support assembly 107 is fixed to the frame of the target photovoltaic panel by a clamp (not shown).

[0079] To prevent the other side B of the support assembly 107 from falling under its own weight, in some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 further includes a support member 129. The support member 129 is a long rod, with one end connected to the edge of the other side B of the support assembly 107, and the other end supporting the ground.

[0080] In some embodiments, the length of the support member 129 is adjustable and it is rotatably connected to the bracket assembly 107. Thus, the support member 129 can rest against the ground regardless of the bracket assembly 107 being in different installation positions.

[0081] Please refer to the following: Figure 4 , Figure 4 yes Figure 2 This is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure. Some parts of the shell 109 are omitted to show the internal structure of the shell 109.

[0082] In some embodiments, the cleaning device 103 includes a housing 109, a brush 110, and a first drive assembly 111.

[0083] The housing 109 is movably disposed on the support assembly 107 and is capable of reciprocating relative to the support assembly 107 along a predetermined path. Specifically, the housing 109 is slidably fitted onto the support assembly 107.

[0084] The housing 109 has an opening 112 on the side facing the test photovoltaic panel 101 (see...). Figure 3 ).

[0085] The brush 110 is housed in the housing 109 and brushes the test photovoltaic panel 101 through the opening 112.

[0086] The first drive assembly 111 is electrically connected to the controller 105. The first drive assembly 111 is used to drive the housing 109 to move.

[0087] When the photovoltaic panel 101 needs to be cleaned for testing, the controller 105 controls the first drive component 111 to move, thereby causing the first drive component 111 to drive the housing 109 to move relative to the bracket assembly 107 along a predetermined path, which in turn causes the housing 109 to drive the brush 110 to brush and sweep the photovoltaic panel 101 for testing.

[0088] Cleaning the test photovoltaic panel 101 by brushing can save water resources. The housing 109 covers the brush 110, which can reduce the contamination of the test photovoltaic panel 101 by debris (dust, sand) swept from one test photovoltaic panel 101 to another test photovoltaic panel 101, especially reducing the contamination of test photovoltaic panels 101 that do not need to be cleaned.

[0089] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the cleaning device 103 further includes a first shield 131 and a second shield 133.

[0090] The first shielding member 131 and the second shielding member 133 are both made of flexible material and are respectively disposed on the housing 109, and are used to shield the gap between the housing 109 and the test photovoltaic panel 101. The first shielding member 131 is located at one end of the housing 109 along a predetermined path. The second shielding member 133 is located at the other end of the housing 109 along the predetermined path. In the illustrated embodiment, both the first shielding member 131 and the second shielding member 133 are brushes.

[0091] By providing the first shield 131 and the second shield 133, it is possible to reduce the overflow of debris from the housing 109, thereby further mitigating the contamination of one test photovoltaic panel 101 by debris swept from one test photovoltaic panel 101 to another test photovoltaic panel 101.

[0092] In some embodiments, the first drive assembly 111 includes a first motor 113, a rack 115, and a gear 117.

[0093] The first motor 113 is disposed in the housing 109 and electrically connected to the controller 105. Specifically, the first motor 113 can be housed within the housing 109 to improve the waterproof performance of the cleaning device 103.

[0094] The rack 115 is disposed on the support assembly 107 and extends along a predetermined path.

[0095] Gear 117 is located on the output shaft of the first motor 113 and meshes with rack 115.

[0096] The first motor 113 is used to drive the gear 117 to rotate.

[0097] The controller 105 controls the first motor 113 to rotate forward or backward, so that the housing 109 moves forward or backward along a predetermined path.

[0098] In some embodiments, the first drive assembly 111 further includes an auxiliary wheel 118. The auxiliary wheel 118 is rotatably disposed on the housing 109 about its own axis, spaced apart from the gear 117 on a predetermined path, and meshes with the rack 115.

[0099] By setting the auxiliary wheel 118, the movement of the housing 109 can be made more stable.

[0100] In some embodiments, the brush 110 is rotatable about its own axis. Specifically, in the illustrated embodiment, the brush 110 is cylindrical and rotatably disposed within the housing 109 about its own axis. The monitoring device 100 also includes a second drive assembly 119. The second drive assembly 119 is electrically connected to the controller 105. The second drive assembly 119 is used to drive the brush 110 to rotate.

[0101] The brush 110 can brush the test photovoltaic panel 101 while moving along a predetermined path, and it can also roll and brush the test photovoltaic panel 101 while moving, which improves the cleaning efficiency of the cleaning device 103.

[0102] Please refer to the following: Figure 5 , Figure 5 yes Figure 4 View A in the diagram.

[0103] In some embodiments, the second drive assembly 119 includes a second motor 135, a first drive wheel 137, a second drive wheel 139, and a drive belt 141.

[0104] The second motor 135 is disposed in the housing 109 and electrically connected to the controller 105. Specifically, the second motor 135 can be housed within the housing 109 to improve the waterproof performance of the cleaning device 103.

[0105] The first transmission wheel 137 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the second motor 135.

[0106] The second drive wheel 139 is connected to the brush 110 and is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the brush 110.

[0107] The transmission belt 141 is wound around the first transmission wheel 137 and the second transmission wheel 139 respectively, so as to transmit driving force between the first transmission wheel 137 and the second transmission wheel 139.

[0108] The controller 105 controls the second motor 135 to rotate, so that the first transmission wheel 137 drives the second transmission wheel 139 to rotate through the transmission belt 141, which in turn drives the brush 110 to rotate.

[0109] In some embodiments, a first cavity 114, a second cavity 116, a third cavity 120, and a fourth accommodating cavity 122 are formed within the housing 109. The second cavity 116, the third cavity 120, and the fourth accommodating cavity 122 are not connected to the first cavity 114.

[0110] The first cavity 114 is open toward the test photovoltaic panel 101, forming the aforementioned opening 112. The brush 110 is housed within the first cavity 114.

[0111] The second cavity 116, the third cavity 120, and the fourth cavity 122 are used to house other components of the cleaning device 103 to prevent debris brushed off by the brush 110 from contaminating these components. As shown, the first motor 113 in the first drive assembly 111 and the second motor 135 in the second drive assembly 119 are housed in the second cavity 116. The gear 117 and auxiliary wheel 118 in one first drive assembly 111 are housed in the third cavity 120. The gear 117 and auxiliary wheel 118 in another first drive assembly 111, and the first transmission wheel 137, second transmission wheel 139, and transmission belt 141 in another second drive assembly 119 are housed in the fourth cavity 122.

[0112] The relative positions of the first cavity 114, the second cavity 116, the third cavity 120, and the fourth cavity 122 can be arranged as needed to make reasonable use of the space of the shell 109.

[0113] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 further includes a battery 125. The battery 125 is capable of being charged and discharged. The battery 125 is electrically connected to each of the test photovoltaic panels 101 for storing the electrical energy converted by the test photovoltaic panels 101. The battery 125 is also electrically connected to the controller 105 for supplying power to the controller 105.

[0114] By setting up battery 125, the monitoring device 100 can be installed without an external power source, making it easier to install the monitoring device 100.

[0115] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the number of batteries 125 is at least two: one battery 125 is used to store the electrical energy converted by the test photovoltaic panel 101, and the other battery 125 is used to supply power to the controller 105. That is, the battery 125 will not be in a charging state and a discharging state at the same time. This provides better protection for the battery 125.

[0116] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 further includes a housing 127. The housing 127 is disposed on the support assembly 107 and located on the backlight side of the test photovoltaic panel 101. The controller 105 is housed within the housing 127.

[0117] By installing the enclosure 127, the protection of the controller 105 can be improved to prevent rainwater and dust from contaminating the controller 105.

[0118] In addition, placing the enclosure 127 on the back side of the test photovoltaic panel 101 can reduce the amount of rain on the enclosure 127 and further improve the waterproof performance of the enclosure 127.

[0119] In some embodiments, the monitoring device 100 further includes a light intensity detector 143. The light intensity detector 143 is a device for detecting light intensity. For example, the light intensity detector 143 is a commercially available irradiator. The light intensity detector 143 is disposed on the support assembly 107 and electrically connected to the controller 105. The controller 105 is also configured to acquire data from the light intensity detector 143 and send the data to the processing device 200 for reference when calculating the optimal cleaning frequency.

[0120] The processing equipment 200 is described in detail below.

[0121] In some embodiments, the method by which the processing device 200 calculates the clean frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit of a photovoltaic power plant includes the following steps:

[0122] Step 101: Determine the power generation of each of the multiple test photovoltaic panels within a preset time period. Each test photovoltaic panel corresponds to a preset cleaning frequency, and the parameters of the test photovoltaic panels and the associated target photovoltaic panels are consistent.

[0123] Step 102: Determine the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship by testing the power generation and cleaning frequency of multiple photovoltaic panels;

[0124] Step 103: Obtain the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship based on the electricity consumption-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee;

[0125] Step 104: Determine the optimal cleaning frequency for the target photovoltaic panel based on the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship.

[0126] By monitoring the power generation of a certain number of test photovoltaic panels, the revenue generated by different cleaning frequencies for the photovoltaic power station is obtained. A formula relating cleaning frequency and revenue is derived through fitting. Then, based on the ratio of cleaning costs to the increased revenue from power generation, the optimal cleaning frequency is calculated to improve the overall revenue of the photovoltaic power station. Steps 101 to 104 above are described in detail below.

[0127] In step 101, the power generation of each of the multiple test photovoltaic panels within a preset time period is determined. Each of the multiple test photovoltaic panels corresponds to a preset cleaning frequency, and the parameters of the test photovoltaic panels and the associated target photovoltaic panels are consistent.

[0128] For example, to obtain the power generation performance of the test photovoltaic panels, a certain number of test photovoltaic panels are designed in the photovoltaic power station according to the parameters of the target photovoltaic panel. Each test photovoltaic panel has its own corresponding cleaning frequency. For example, different cleaning frequencies are set according to a geometric sequence, such as 0 times / month, 1 time / month, 2 times / month, and 4 times / month. The specific cleaning frequency value can be determined according to the actual application.

[0129] To determine the power generation of each tested photovoltaic panel within a preset time period, such as 6 months or 1 year, you can directly read the power generation that has already been statistically calculated for each tested photovoltaic panel, or you can record the power generation data of each tested photovoltaic panel through a statistical system, such as the current voltage, current, and time, and then calculate the power generation based on the current and voltage of the tested photovoltaic panel.

[0130] In step 102, the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship is determined by the power generation and cleaning frequency corresponding to the multiple test photovoltaic panels.

[0131] For example, the relationship between cleaning frequency and power generation is derived based on the power generation of multiple tested photovoltaic panels and a specific mathematical algorithm, such as fitting a curve using the least squares method.

[0132] In step 103, the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship is obtained based on the electricity-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee.

[0133] For example, cleaning photovoltaic panels is done to improve efficiency. After accumulating data for a period of time, the data can be fitted to obtain the curve relationship between revenue and cleaning frequency. Specifically, it is necessary to obtain the current electricity price and the cost of cleaning, including equipment maintenance costs and labor costs.

[0134] In step 104, the optimal cleaning frequency for the target photovoltaic panel is determined according to the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship.

[0135] For example, the cleaning frequency at which the highest benefit is achieved can be determined through the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship, i.e., the optimal cleaning frequency, and the cleaning time for each cleaning is controlled by the optimal cleaning frequency.

[0136] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0137] Before determining the power generation of each of the multiple test photovoltaic panels within a preset time, the environmental parameters of the geographical location of the target photovoltaic panel and the panel parameters of the target photovoltaic panel are obtained.

[0138] The cleaning frequency for each tested photovoltaic panel is determined based on the environmental parameters and the panel parameters.

[0139] For example, when setting the cleaning frequency for each tested photovoltaic panel, multiple cleaning frequencies need to be set to optimal values ​​to ensure the accuracy of the fitted relationship. Specifically, environmental parameters of the geographical location of the target photovoltaic panel installation area can be considered. For instance, the rate of dust accumulation varies depending on the climate, wind intensity, vegetation coverage, or air humidity in the north and south. Therefore, different cleaning frequencies need to be set according to specific environmental parameters.

[0140] Furthermore, different models of photovoltaic panels have different panel parameters or different surface smoothness, resulting in different power generation efficiencies and different rates of dust accumulation. Therefore, the cleaning frequency needs to be determined based on the specific photovoltaic panel.

[0141] Further, in step 101, determining the power generation of each of the multiple test photovoltaic panels within a preset time period includes:

[0142] The sampling time for sampling the power generation is obtained, as well as the current and voltage information of the tested photovoltaic panel are obtained;

[0143] The power generation within two adjacent sampling periods is calculated based on the sampling time, the current information, and the voltage information, and the power generation within the preset time period is obtained by summing the power generation.

[0144] For example, the system records the power generation data of each tested photovoltaic panel, including the current sampling time, current information, and voltage information of the tested photovoltaic panel. The collected power generation data of each tested photovoltaic panel is uploaded to the central control server at regular intervals. For example, the data upload frequency is once every five minutes, and the upload time interval can be set to 8:00-16:00 according to the sunshine duration.

[0145] Once the accumulated data reaches the preset time, the cumulative power generation of the tested photovoltaic panels within the preset time is calculated at different frequencies. Specifically, the power generation can be calculated based on the voltage and current information in the uploaded photovoltaic panel power generation data, where power is voltage multiplied by current. Assuming data is uploaded every 5 minutes, and the photovoltaic panel power generation generally remains constant within a short period, the power generation within five minutes can be obtained, which is power multiplied by time. Data is collected from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM throughout the day, so the power generation during this period can be accumulated to obtain the total power generation for the day, and thus the cumulative power generation within the preset time.

[0146] Further, in step 102, at least one of the plurality of test photovoltaic panels is a reference test photovoltaic panel with a cleaning frequency of zero. Determining the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship using the power generation and cleaning frequency corresponding to the plurality of test photovoltaic panels includes:

[0147] For the test photovoltaic panels other than the benchmark test photovoltaic panel, the test increase in power generation of the test photovoltaic panel relative to the benchmark test photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the power generation, and the power generation growth rate of the test photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the test increase in power generation and the power generation of the benchmark test photovoltaic panel.

[0148] The power consumption-cleaning frequency relationship is derived by fitting the power consumption growth rate, the cleaning frequency, and the least squares method.

[0149] For example, it should be noted that the obtained relationship can be the relationship between the increased power generation and the cleaning frequency, or it can be converted into the relationship between the total power generation and the cleaning frequency. Alternatively, the power generation growth rate can be obtained from the power generation, and the relationship between the growth rate and the cleaning frequency can be derived from the power generation growth rate. Specifically, after calculating the increased power generation at different cleaning frequencies within a preset time period, the increased power generation is divided by the power generation of the benchmark photovoltaic panel that was not cleaned to obtain the power generation growth rate. The three calculation methods have the same effect; the difference is that the power generation growth rate is more intuitive.

[0150] Further, in step 102, fitting the power-cleaning frequency relationship based on the power growth rate, the cleaning frequency, and the least squares method includes:

[0151] The energy consumption-cleaning frequency relationship is fitted using the following formula:

[0152] R = a1 * exp(a2 * F + a3) + a4,

[0153] Where R represents the power generation rate, F represents the cleaning frequency, a1, a2, a3 and a4 are coefficients to be determined, and exp() represents an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base.

[0154] For example, the formula calculates the relationship between the power generation rate and the cleaning frequency. After optimization, the formula shown above is obtained, where a1, a2, a3, and a4 are coefficients to be determined. After fitting the curve using the least squares method, the specific values ​​of a1, a2, a3, and a4 can be determined. Substituting these values ​​into the formula yields the final power generation-cleaning frequency relationship. This can also reveal the relationship between increased power generation and cleaning frequency, or the relationship between total power generation and cleaning frequency.

[0155] Based on the increased power generation at different cleaning frequencies, a set of correlations between the growth rate and the cleaning frequency was obtained. As the cleaning frequency increases, the growth rate of power generation gradually increases, but when the cleaning frequency reaches a certain value, the change in power generation gradually stabilizes.

[0156] Optionally, in step 103, obtaining the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship based on the electricity-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee includes:

[0157] The increased revenue of the tested photovoltaic panels is calculated based on the increased electricity consumption and electricity price during the test.

[0158] Calculate the cleaning cost of the target photovoltaic panel, and calculate the cleaning cost of the test photovoltaic panel based on the cleaning cost of the target photovoltaic panel;

[0159] The revenue-cleaning frequency relationship is obtained by subtracting the cleaning cost of the test photovoltaic panel from the increased revenue of the test photovoltaic panel.

[0160] For example, in this process, the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship is calculated based on the increased revenue of the tested photovoltaic panels and the cleaning cost.

[0161] Optionally, in step 103, obtaining the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship based on the electricity-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee includes:

[0162] Calculate the actual increase in electricity consumption of the target photovoltaic panel based on the electricity consumption growth rate.

[0163] The increased revenue of the target photovoltaic panel is calculated based on the actual increase in electricity consumption and electricity price.

[0164] Calculate the cleaning cost of the target photovoltaic panel;

[0165] The revenue-cleaning frequency relationship is obtained by subtracting the cleaning cost of the target photovoltaic panel from the increased revenue of the target photovoltaic panel.

[0166] For example, in this process, the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship is calculated based on the increased revenue of the target photovoltaic panels of the photovoltaic power station and the cleaning fee.

[0167] Specifically, the revenue-cleaning frequency relationship derived from the electricity-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee can be expressed as follows:

[0168] B = G*P1 - F*P2,

[0169] Wherein, B represents the revenue, G represents the increased electricity consumption, F represents the cleaning frequency, P1 represents the electricity price, and P2 represents the cleaning fee.

[0170] For example, after obtaining the relationship between cleaning frequency and increased power generation, the change in revenue can be obtained through the above formula. Different cleaning frequencies result in different revenues. The optimal cleaning frequency is calculated to ensure that the increased cleaning costs do not exceed the increased power generation benefits, thereby maximizing efficiency.

[0171] Further, in step 104, determining the optimal cleaning frequency for the target photovoltaic panel based on the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship includes:

[0172] The derivative function is obtained by differentiating the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship with respect to the cleaning frequency.

[0173] The cleaning frequency at which the derivative function becomes zero is the cleaning frequency to be confirmed.

[0174] If the cleaning frequency to be confirmed is an integer, then the cleaning frequency to be confirmed is determined to be the optimal cleaning frequency;

[0175] If the cleaning frequency to be confirmed is not an integer, then the largest integer value less than the cleaning frequency to be confirmed is determined to be the first cleaning frequency, and the smallest integer value greater than the cleaning frequency to be confirmed is determined to be the second cleaning frequency. The benefits corresponding to the first cleaning frequency and the second cleaning frequency are calculated respectively, and the cleaning frequency with the maximum benefit is determined to be the optimal cleaning frequency.

[0176] For example, after obtaining the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship, the optimal cleaning frequency can be directly determined based on the variation curve. Alternatively, the optimal cleaning frequency can be directly calculated using mathematical methods. For instance, combining the two formulas above yields the following formula:

[0177] B=(a1*exp(a2*F+a3)+a4)*G*P1-F*P2,

[0178] Where B represents the revenue, F represents the cleaning frequency, a1, a2, a3, and a4 are coefficients, P1 represents the electricity price, P2 represents the cleaning fee, and exp() represents an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base. If this formula corresponds to the target photovoltaic panel, then G represents the power generation of the target photovoltaic panel; if this formula corresponds to the test photovoltaic panel, then G represents the power generation of the benchmark test photovoltaic panel.

[0179] To obtain the optimal cleaning frequency, we can solve for the cleaning frequency F that maximizes the benefit B. For example, we can obtain the extreme value by taking the derivative, as follows:

[0180] The derivative of the benefit B with respect to the cleanliness frequency F yields the following formula:

[0181] B'=a1*a2*G*P1*exp(a2*F+a3)-P2,

[0182] Where B represents the revenue, F represents the cleaning frequency, a1, a2 and a3 are coefficients, P1 represents the electricity price, P2 represents the cleaning fee, and exp() represents an exponential function with the natural constant e as the base.

[0183] The F value when B' equals 0 is the F value at the extreme value of B, which is solved by the following equation:

[0184] a1*a2*G*P1*exp(a2*F+a3)-P2=0, so F=(ln(P2)-ln(a1*a2*G*P1)-a3) / a2,

[0185] Where F represents the cleaning frequency, a1, a2 and a3 are coefficients, P1 represents the electricity price, P2 represents the cleaning fee, exp() represents the exponential function with the natural constant e as the base, and ln() represents the logarithmic function with the constant e as the base.

[0186] If the calculated F is not an integer, then calculate the B value when F is the two integers to its left and right, and determine the larger one as the optimal cleaning frequency.

[0187] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0188] After determining the optimal cleaning frequency of the target photovoltaic panel based on the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship, the power change curve of the test photovoltaic panel within the preset time period is obtained based on the sampling time, the current information, and the voltage information.

[0189] The cleaning time for each cleaning of the target photovoltaic panel is determined based on the power change curve, the optimal cleaning frequency, and the environmental parameters.

[0190] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0191] When cleaning the target photovoltaic panel, the benchmark photovoltaic panel is also cleaned.

[0192] For example, during the testing process, the benchmark photovoltaic panel is cleaned at a frequency of zero. However, when the target photovoltaic panel is cleaned, the benchmark photovoltaic panel should also be cleaned at the same time in order to keep the power generation efficiency of the two photovoltaic panels consistent.

[0193] For example, once the optimal cleaning frequency is determined, the time interval between each cleaning may vary. For instance, if cleaning is done 6 times a year, there may be less dust in certain seasons, resulting in a longer cleaning interval.

[0194] In summary, the monitoring equipment and system provided in this application embodiment can obtain the optimal cleaning frequency of the photovoltaic power station, thereby maximizing the power generation revenue of the photovoltaic power station.

[0195] The above steps are provided only to help understand the method, structure, and core ideas of this application. Those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for use in photovoltaic power plants, characterized in that, The monitoring equipment includes: At least three test photovoltaic panels are arranged sequentially along a predetermined path, and the test photovoltaic panels are used to convert light energy into electrical energy; A cleaning device is provided for cleaning each of the test photovoltaic panels, wherein each of the test photovoltaic panels has a different cleaning frequency; the cleaning device is configured to move back and forth along the predetermined path, and by controlling the length of the path for each round trip, it can selectively clean the test photovoltaic panels it passes through, so that each of the test photovoltaic panels has a different cleaning frequency. A controller, which is electrically connected to each of the tested photovoltaic panels, is used to obtain the power generation parameters of each of the tested photovoltaic panels; The comprehensive benefits corresponding to each cleaning frequency are obtained based on the power generation parameters and cleaning costs of each tested photovoltaic panel. Then, a relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the comprehensive benefits is obtained by fitting each cleaning frequency and the corresponding comprehensive benefits, so as to determine the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefits in the relationship curve. The step of determining the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit in the relationship curve includes: determining the power generation of multiple test photovoltaic panels within a preset time period, wherein each test photovoltaic panel corresponds to a preset cleaning frequency, and the parameters of the test photovoltaic panels and the associated target photovoltaic panels are consistent; determining the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship through the power generation and cleaning frequency corresponding to the multiple test photovoltaic panels; obtaining the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship based on the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee; and determining the optimal cleaning frequency for the target photovoltaic panel based on the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship.

2. The monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The predetermined path is a straight path.

3. The monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Support assembly; At least three of the test photovoltaic panels, the cleaning device, and the controller are all mounted on the support assembly.

4. The monitoring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cleaning device includes: A housing, movably disposed on the support assembly and capable of reciprocating relative to the support assembly along the predetermined path, the housing having an opening facing the test photovoltaic panel; A brush, which is housed within the housing and brushes the test photovoltaic panel through the opening; A first drive component, electrically connected to the controller, is used to drive the housing to move.

5. The monitoring device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The housing is slidably fitted onto the support assembly.

6. The monitoring device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first driving component includes: A first motor is disposed in the housing and electrically connected to the controller; A rack, which is disposed on the support assembly and extends along the predetermined path; A gear is disposed on the output shaft of the first motor and meshes with the rack, and the first motor is used to drive the gear to rotate.

7. The monitoring device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: A second drive component, which is electrically connected to the controller; The brush is capable of rotating around its own axis, and the second drive component is used to drive the brush to rotate.

8. The monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A sensor is provided at a predetermined position and is electrically connected to the controller. The sensor is configured to be triggered when the cleaning device moves to the predetermined position, so that the cleaning device moves in the opposite direction.

9. The monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At least three of the test photovoltaic panels are identical in specifications and orientation, so that the power generation parameters of at least three of the test photovoltaic panels are identical at the same clean frequency.

10. The monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A communication component, electrically connected to the controller, is used to wirelessly transmit the power generation parameters of each of the test photovoltaic panels.

11. The monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The battery is capable of being charged and discharged. The battery is electrically connected to each of the test photovoltaic panels to store the electrical energy converted by the test photovoltaic panels. The battery is also electrically connected to the controller to supply power to the controller.

12. The monitoring device as described in claim 11, characterized in that, The number of batteries is at least two, one of which is used to store the electrical energy converted by the test photovoltaic panel, and the other of which is used to supply power to the controller.

13. The monitoring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: A housing, which is disposed on the support assembly and located on the backlight side of the test photovoltaic panel; The controller is housed within the enclosure.

14. The monitoring device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Support components; The bracket assembly has one side edge for connecting to the frame of the target photovoltaic panel in the photovoltaic power station, one end of the support member is connected to the other side edge of the bracket assembly, and the other end of the support member is used to support the ground.

15. A monitoring system applied to a photovoltaic power station, characterized in that, The monitoring system includes monitoring equipment and processing equipment; The monitoring equipment includes: At least three test photovoltaic panels are arranged sequentially along a predetermined path, and the test photovoltaic panels are used to convert light energy into electrical energy; A cleaning device is provided for cleaning each of the test photovoltaic panels, wherein each of the test photovoltaic panels has a different cleaning frequency; the cleaning device is configured to move back and forth along the predetermined path, and by controlling the length of the path for each round trip, it can selectively clean the test photovoltaic panels it passes through, so that each of the test photovoltaic panels has a different cleaning frequency. A controller, which is electrically connected to each of the tested photovoltaic panels, is used to obtain the power generation parameters of each of the tested photovoltaic panels; The processing equipment is used to obtain the comprehensive benefit corresponding to each cleaning frequency based on the power generation parameters and cleaning cost of each of the tested photovoltaic panels, and then to fit the relationship curve between the cleaning frequency and the comprehensive benefit based on each cleaning frequency and the corresponding comprehensive benefit, so as to determine the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit in the relationship curve. The step of determining the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum comprehensive benefit in the relationship curve includes: determining the power generation of multiple test photovoltaic panels within a preset time period, wherein each test photovoltaic panel corresponds to a preset cleaning frequency, and the parameters of the test photovoltaic panels and the associated target photovoltaic panels are consistent; determining the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship through the power generation and cleaning frequency corresponding to the multiple test photovoltaic panels; obtaining the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship based on the power generation-cleaning frequency relationship, electricity price, and cleaning fee; and determining the optimal cleaning frequency for the target photovoltaic panel based on the benefit-cleaning frequency relationship.

16. The monitoring system as described in claim 15, characterized in that, The number of monitoring devices is multiple.

17. The monitoring system as described in claim 15, characterized in that, Also includes: A mobile terminal, which is communicatively connected to the processing device, is used to receive the cleaning frequency corresponding to the maximum overall benefit.

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