A swing rod cam type seed metering device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a swing rod cam type seed metering device, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery, and mainly comprising a seed metering device housing, a seed chamber, a seeding port, a seed plate assembly, a seed guiding channel and a shaft. A swing rod cam mechanism is provided on the seed plate assembly. Semi-ellipsoidal holes and seed guiding grooves are evenly arranged on the outer circumference of the seed plate. The seed guiding grooves cooperate with the swing rod seed guiding end face to form a curved surface seed guiding groove, which can improve the fluidity of seeds during seed filling, guide the seeds into the holes, and improve the seed filling performance. The swing rod moves under the action of the cam, and flexible seed cleaning can be achieved. When carrying seeds, a seed carrying space is formed between the seed carrying end face of the swing rod and the holes, restricting the movement of the seeds and improving the seed carrying stability. The swing rod swings to drop seeds under the action of the cam. The present invention can improve the adaptability of the mechanical seed metering device to medium and large-sized seeds, improve the seed filling performance and the seed carrying stability, reduce the missed seeding rate, improve the seeding qualification rate of the seed metering device, and meet the requirements of precise seeding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural mechanization engineering, and particularly relates to a swing rod cam type seed metering device applicable to medium and large sized seeds such as peanuts, soybeans, cotton, etc. Background Art

[0002] Precision seeding technology is a technology that precisely sows seeds into the soil according to the row spacing, plant spacing, and depth required by agronomy. Generally, it is required to achieve 1 seed per hole, which has the advantages of saving seeds and reducing thinning operations; currently, as the main planting method for crops such as peanuts and cotton, it has been widely used. The precision seed metering device is the core component to realize precision seeding technology, and its working performance directly affects the seeding quality. Seed metering devices are mainly divided into two categories: mechanical seed metering devices and pneumatic seed metering devices; mechanical seed metering devices have the characteristics of simple structure, low price, reliable performance, and low usage and maintenance costs; pneumatic seed metering devices have the characteristics of strong adaptability to different seed shapes and sizes, good versatility, and not easily damaging seeds.

[0003] Existing mechanical seed metering devices have the problem of relatively large damage to seeds with thin and fragile seed coats (such as peanut seeds) during the working process, affecting the germination rate of seeds; pneumatic seed metering devices have problems such as low adsorption rate for medium and large sized seeds, high missed seeding rate, and relatively high requirements for the fan power. Therefore, by improving the seed filling performance of the seed metering device to achieve orderly seed filling; selecting a suitable seed cleaning method to reduce damage to seeds during the seed cleaning process; restricting the degree of freedom of seeds during the seed carrying process to improve the movement stability of seeds and reduce missed seeding; it is of great significance for improving seeding efficiency, achieving increased crop yields, and the development of agricultural modernization in our country. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problem that mechanical seed metering devices are prone to damage seeds during the entire working process of seed filling, seed cleaning, seed carrying, and seed dropping, the present invention aims to provide a swing rod cam precision seed metering device mainly for large sized crop seeds. By designing a curve seed guiding groove to guide seeds into the orifice, the seed filling performance is improved; designing a swing rod cam mechanism to achieve the functions of seed cleaning and seed protection, avoiding missed seeding caused by seeds dropping during the seed carrying process, and at the same time reducing mechanical damage to seeds, and improving the seeding qualification rate.

[0005] To achieve the above mentioned purposes, the seed metering device of the present invention adopts the following specific structure:

[0006] A swing rod cam type precision seed metering device, comprising a seed metering device housing, a seed chamber 5, a seed inlet 6, a seed disk assembly, a seed guiding channel 17, and a shaft 2.

[0007] The seed metering device housing includes a seed inlet pipe 1, an outer moving ring 3, a fixed disk 4, a belt and a duckbill mechanism 18, and an outer moving disk 19; the seed inlet pipe 1 consists of upper and lower parts, the upper section of its axis is a straight line, and the lower section is a brachistochrone curve; the fixed disk 4 is provided with a seed inlet and a shaft hole, and a keyway is provided on the shaft hole for positioning with the shaft 2; the seed inlet pipe 1 is fixedly connected to the seed inlet of the fixed disk 4 by screws; annular bosses are provided on the inner sides of the outer moving ring 3 and the outer moving disk 19 for positioning the belt and the duckbill mechanism 18, and the outer moving ring 3 and the outer moving disk 19 fix the belt and the duckbill mechanism 18 between them by bolts; a bearing hole for installing and positioning a bearing is provided at the center of the outer moving disk 19; the belt and the duckbill mechanism 18 is an annular thin plate with duckbill mechanisms welded on the outside, and seed throwing ports are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the annular thin plate, and the number thereof is the same as the number of seed metering disk holes.

[0008] The seed guiding channel 17 is located between the outer moving ring 3 and the outer moving disk 19, is fixed to the inner side of the belt and the duckbill mechanism 18 by interference fit, and several quadrangular pyramid-shaped seed guiding ports are opened along the circumferential direction and correspond to the seed throwing ports on the belt and the duckbill mechanism 18 one by one.

[0009] The seed disk assembly includes a seed disk cover 7, a seed disk 14 and a swing rod cam mechanism; the seed disk cover 7 is a thin plate, a shaft hole is opened in the middle, a gap is left between the shaft hole and the shaft 2, and the outer edge of the seed disk cover 7 is connected to the seed disk 14 by interference fit; the seed disk 14 is cylindrical, the inner cavity is used for installing the swing rod cam mechanism, semi-ellipsoidal holes 15 and seed guiding grooves 16 are provided on the outer circle, the number thereof is the same as the number of duckbills, and a screw hole is provided on one end face and is fixedly connected to the outer moving disk 19 by screws.

[0010] The swing rod cam mechanism is the core mechanism of the seed metering device, and includes a swing rod shaft 8, a cam 9, a swing rod 10, a torsion spring 13, a seed disk 14 and a shaft 2; the cam 9 is a disk-type cam, a shaft hole and a keyway are opened in the center, and it is fixedly connected to the shaft 2. The cam contour curve adopts a combined motion law, which can reduce the sudden change of acceleration when the swing rod moves; the swing rod 10 is in the shape of "7", and a seed carrying end face 11 and a seed guiding end face 12 are provided thereon. The seed guiding end face 12 cooperates with the seed guiding groove 16 on the seed disk 14 to form a curved surface seed guiding groove, which improves the seed filling performance. The seed carrying end face 11 cooperates with the hole 15 to form a seed holding space during the seed carrying process, which restricts the movement of the seeds and improves the seed carrying stability; a shaft hole is provided on the swing rod 10, and it is connected to the seed disk 14 through the swing rod shaft 8, and a cylindrical boss is provided for installing the torsion spring 13, and it cooperates with the cam 9 to achieve a predetermined action and complete the functions of seed cleaning and seed carrying; the shaft 2 is a hollow stepped shaft, and a keyway is provided thereon for positioning and installing the cam 9 and the fixed disk 4.

[0011] The metering device further includes a seed chamber 5 and a seeding port 6; a semi-circular hole is formed in the lower side of the seed chamber 5 for the through passage of the orifice 15, and it is fixed to the inner side of the fixed disk 4 by screws and communicated with the seed inlet pipe 1; a square hole is formed in the seeding port 6, and its size is the same as the large end of the frustum-shaped seeding port of the seed guiding channel 17, guiding the dropped seeds to the seed guiding channel 17 and finally into the duckbill of the belt and duckbill mechanism 18, and the seeding port 6 is fixed to the inner side of the fixed disk 4 by screws.

[0012] Advantages of the present invention.

[0013] 1. The present invention designs a swing rod cam type precision metering device, which plays a role in disturbing the seed population and improving the fluidity of seeds by arranging semi-ellipsoidal orifices protruding from the seed disk on the seed disk when the seed disk rotates.

[0014] 2. When the swing rod designed in the present invention is in the near rest stage of the cam, the seed guiding end face at its top forms a curved surface seed guiding groove in cooperation with the seed guiding groove on the seed disk, which can drive the seeds to enter the orifice along the shortest path, improve the seed filling performance and reduce the missed seeding index.

[0015] 3. The swing rod designed in the present invention realizes a predetermined action in the pushing stroke stage of the cam, can clear the seeds outside the orifice, and the pushing stroke of the cam adopts a combined motion law, reducing the impact on the seeds when the swing rod acts, and realizing a flexible seed cleaning function.

[0016] 4. When the swing rod designed in the present invention is in the far rest stage of the cam, the seed carrying end face at its end forms a seed holding space with the orifice, restricting the movement of the seeds, reducing the influence of vibration on seed carrying during the working process, and improving the stability of seed carrying.

[0017] 5. The swing rod cam mechanism designed in the present invention has the functions of improving the seed filling performance, realizing flexible seed cleaning and improving the stability of seed carrying. Brief description of the drawings

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the swing rod of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the seed disk of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the seed disk assembly of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the seed inlet tube of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the shaft of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the seed chamber of the present invention.

[0027] Wherein: 1 - seed inlet tube; 2 - shaft; 3 - outer moving ring; 4 - fixed disk; 5 - seed chamber; 6 - inoculation port; 7 - seed tray cover; 8 - swing rod shaft; 9 - cam; 10 - swing rod; 11 - seed-carrying end face; 12 - seed-guiding end face; 13 - torsion spring; 14 - seed tray; 15 - shaped hole; 16 - seed-guiding groove; 17 - seed-guiding channel; 18 - belt and duckbill mechanism; 19 - outer moving disk. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] The following further elaborates in detail on the detailed implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] As Figure 1-8 shown, a swing rod cam type precision seed metering device includes a seed metering device housing, a seed chamber 5, an inoculation port 6, a seed tray assembly, a seed-guiding channel 17 and a shaft 2.

[0030] The seed metering device housing includes a seed inlet tube 1, an outer moving ring 3, a fixed disk 4, a belt and duckbill mechanism 18, and an outer moving disk 19; the seed inlet tube 1 consists of upper and lower parts, the upper segment of its axis is a straight line, and the lower segment is a brachistochrone curve; the fixed disk 4 is provided with a seed inlet and a shaft hole, and a keyway is provided on the shaft hole for positioning with the shaft 2; the seed inlet tube 1 is fixedly connected to the seed inlet of the fixed disk 4 through screws; the outer moving ring 3 and the inner side of the outer moving disk 19 are provided with annular bosses for positioning the belt and duckbill mechanism 18, and the outer moving ring 3 and the outer moving disk 19 fix the belt and duckbill mechanism 18 between them through bolts; the center of the outer moving disk 19 has a bearing hole for installing and positioning a bearing; the belt and duckbill mechanism 18 is an annular thin plate with a duckbill mechanism welded on the outside, and seed throwing ports are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular thin plate, and the number thereof is the same as the number of shaped holes in the seed metering disk.

[0031] The seed-guiding channel 17 is located between the outer moving ring 3 and the outer moving disk 19, and is fixed to the inner side of the belt and duckbill mechanism 18 through interference fit, and several quadrangular pyramid-shaped seed-guiding ports are opened along the circumferential direction and correspond to the seed throwing ports on the belt and duckbill mechanism 18 one by one.

[0032] The seed tray assembly includes a seed tray cover 7, a seed tray 14, and a swing rod cam mechanism. The seed tray cover 7 is a thin plate with a shaft hole in the middle. There is a clearance between the shaft hole and the shaft 2. The outer edge of the seed tray cover 7 is connected to the seed tray 14 by interference fit. The seed tray 14 is cylindrical. Its inner cavity is used to install the swing rod cam mechanism. The outer circle is provided with semi-ellipsoidal holes 15 and seed guiding grooves 16, the number of which is the same as the number of duckbills. One end face is provided with screw holes and is fixedly connected to the outer moving disk 19 by screws.

[0033] The swing rod cam mechanism is the core mechanism of the metering device, including a swing rod shaft 8, a cam 9, a swing rod 10, a torsion spring 13, a seed tray 14, and a shaft 2. The cam 9 is a disk-shaped cam with a shaft hole and a keyway in the center. It is fixedly connected to the shaft 2. The cam contour curve adopts a combined motion law, which can reduce the sudden change of acceleration when the swing rod moves. The swing rod 10 is in the shape of "7", with a seed-carrying end face 11 and a seed-guiding end face 12. The seed-guiding end face 12 cooperates with the seed-guiding groove 16 on the seed tray 14 to form a curved surface seed-guiding groove, improving the seed filling performance. The seed-carrying end face 11 cooperates with the hole 15 to form a seed-holding space during the seed-carrying process, restricting the movement of seeds and improving the seed-carrying stability. The swing rod 10 is provided with a shaft hole and is connected to the seed tray 14 through the swing rod shaft 8. It is also provided with a cylindrical boss for installing the torsion spring 13, and realizes the predetermined action through cooperation with the cam 9 to complete the functions of seed cleaning and seed carrying. The shaft 2 is a hollow stepped shaft with a keyway for positioning and installing the cam 9 and the fixed disk 4.

[0034] The metering device also includes a seed chamber 5 and a seed inoculation port 6. The lower side of the seed chamber 5 is provided with a semi-circular hole for the hole 15 to pass through. It is fixed to the inner side of the fixed disk 4 by screws and is connected to the seed inlet pipe 1. The seed inoculation port 6 is provided with a square hole, the size of which is the same as the large end of the frustum-shaped seed-guiding port of the seed-guiding channel 17. It guides the dropped seeds to the seed-guiding channel 17 and finally into the duckbills on the belt and duckbill mechanism 18. The seed inoculation port 6 is fixed to the inner side of the fixed disk 4 by screws.

[0035] The specific working process of the metering device is as follows:

[0036] Seeds in the seed box enter the seed chamber 5 through the seed inlet pipe 1. The outer moving disk 19 drives the seed tray 14 to rotate clockwise ( Figure 1In the direction shown, the swing rod 10 moves together with the seed plate 14, and the cam 9 and the shaft 2 are fixed; when the die hole 15 rotates to the seed filling area, the swing rod 10 is in the near rest arc section of the cam 9, and the swing rod 10 remains stationary. The seed guiding end face 12 on the swing rod 10 and the seed guiding groove 16 form a curved surface seed guiding groove. The semi-ellipsoidal die hole 15 on the seed plate 14 stirs the seeds in the seed chamber 5, breaking the balance state among the seeds in the seed chamber, causing some seeds to break away from the population, and under the action of gravity, enter the curved surface seed guiding groove formed by the seed guiding groove 16 and the seed guiding end face 12, and are guided by it to be filled into the die hole 15 in an orderly manner. The curved surface seed guiding groove and the die hole 15 can effectively improve the fluidity of the seeds and enhance the seed filling performance; when the die hole 15 rotates to the seed cleaning area, the swing rod 10 is in the push stroke arc section of the cam 9, and the swing rod 10 starts to swing under the action of the cam 9. The seed guiding end face 12 on it gradually protrudes from the seed guiding groove, pushing out the seeds moving with the seed plate 14 outside the die hole, causing them to fall back into the seed chamber 5, completing the seed cleaning process, realizing flexible seed cleaning, and effectively reducing the damage rate of the seeds; when the die hole 15 rotates to the seed carrying area, the swing rod 10 is in the far rest arc section of the cam 9, and the swing rod 10 remains stationary. The seed carrying end face 11 on the swing rod 10 and the die hole 15 form a seed carrying space, restricting the movement of the seeds, reducing the influence of mechanical vibration during operation on the seeds, and enhancing the seed carrying stability; when the die hole 15 rotates to the seed dropping area, the swing rod 10 is in the return stroke arc section of the cam 9, and the swing rod 10 starts to swing under the action of the cam 9. The seed carrying end face 11 on it gradually retracts into the seed guiding groove, releasing the restraint on the seeds. The seeds enter the duckbill mechanism through the seeding port 6 and the seed guiding channel 17 under the action of gravity, and finally fall into the seed holes, completing one-time seed metering.

Claims

1. A swing rod cam type seed metering device, comprising a seed inlet pipe, a seed metering device housing, a seed plate assembly and a seed guiding channel. The seed plate assembly includes a seed plate cover, a seed plate, a swing rod, a swing rod shaft, a torsion spring, a cam and a shaft. The seed plate and the swing rod are the core structures for the seed metering device to achieve functions of improving the filling performance, flexibly cleaning seeds, stably carrying seeds and dropping seeds. It is characterized in that: The outer circumference of the seed plate is evenly provided with semi-elliptical-shaped holes and seed guiding grooves; the swing rod is provided with a seed guiding end face and a seed carrying end face. The seed guiding end face at the top of the swing rod is a curved surface formed by an Archimedean spiral. When filling seeds, it cooperates with the seed guiding groove of the seed plate to form a curved surface seed guiding groove, guiding the seeds to enter the shaped holes along the shortest path, improving the seed filling performance; when carrying seeds, a seed carrying space is formed between the seed carrying end face of the swing rod and the shaped holes, restricting the movement of the seeds and enhancing the seed carrying stability. The seed inlet pipe is composed of two parts, the upper part of its axis is a straight line, and the lower part is a brachistochrone curve. The seed metering device housing includes a seed inlet pipe, an outer moving ring, a fixed disk, a belt and a duckbill mechanism, and an outer moving disk; the seed inlet pipe is composed of two parts, the upper part of its axis is a straight line, and the lower part is a brachistochrone curve; the fixed disk is provided with a seed inlet and a shaft hole, and a keyway is provided on the shaft hole for positioning with the shaft; the seed inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the seed inlet of the fixed disk by screws; annular bosses are provided on the inner sides of the outer moving ring and the outer moving disk for positioning the belt and the duckbill mechanism, and the belt and the duckbill mechanism are fixed between the two by bolts; there is a bearing hole for installing and positioning bearings at the center of the outer moving disk; the belt and the duckbill mechanism is an annular thin plate with a duckbill mechanism welded on the outside, and seed throwing ports are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular thin plate, and the number of them is the same as the number of shaped holes on the seed metering disk. The seed guiding channel is located between the outer moving ring and the outer moving disk, and is fixed to the inner side of the belt and the duckbill mechanism by interference fit. Several quadrangular pyramid-shaped seed guiding ports are opened along the circumferential direction and correspond to the seed throwing ports on the belt and the duckbill mechanism one by one.

2. The seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Axial holes with the same number as the shaped holes are evenly distributed in the seed guiding grooves, and swing rods with the same number as the shaped holes are installed on the seed plate through swing rod shafts. The swing rods swing under the action of the cam to complete the seed cleaning and seed throwing actions.

3. The seed metering device according to claim 1, wherein: The cam contour curve adopts a combined motion law, and there is no sudden change in acceleration during the forward stroke for seed cleaning and the return stroke for seed throwing of the swing rod, realizing flexible seed cleaning and reducing the mechanical damage rate of seeds.

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