A power battery direct cooling and direct heating system, control method and commercial vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to a power battery direct cooling and direct heating system, a control method and a commercial vehicle. The power battery direct cooling and direct heating system comprises an evaporator, which is arranged on one side of a power battery and used for heat exchange with the power battery; an air conditioner compressor, which is communicated with the evaporator; a condenser, which is communicated with the air conditioner compressor and the evaporator in series, and cooling medium in the condenser can absorb the temperature of an external environment; a heat exchanger, which is communicated with the air conditioner compressor and the evaporator in series, and the evaporator can be selectively communicated with the condenser and / or the heat exchanger; and a heat dissipation assembly, in which cooling medium is used for cooling a motor and an air compressor, and the heat dissipation assembly is communicated with the heat exchanger in series. The application can reduce the energy consumption of the whole vehicle on the basis of meeting the thermal demand of the power battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a direct cooling and heating system for power batteries, a control method, and a commercial vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, new energy vehicles are receiving much attention due to their environmental and energy-saving advantages. However, new energy vehicles also place higher demands on their overall vehicle thermal management systems. Compared to traditional gasoline vehicles, new energy vehicles do not have engine waste heat to utilize. Therefore, commonly used methods include heating with resistance thermometers or using air conditioning to keep the power battery at a suitable operating temperature. This approach results in high energy consumption and significantly impacts the vehicle's driving range.

[0003] Therefore, a direct cooling and heating system for power batteries, a control method, and a commercial vehicle are needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a direct cooling and heating system for power batteries, a control method, and a commercial vehicle that can reduce the energy consumption of the entire vehicle while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery.

[0005] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The power battery direct cooling and heating system includes:

[0007] An evaporator is disposed on one side of the power battery and is used for heat exchange with the power battery;

[0008] An air conditioning compressor, wherein the air conditioning compressor is connected to the evaporator;

[0009] A condenser is connected in series with the air conditioning compressor and the evaporator, and the cooling medium in the condenser can absorb the temperature of the external environment;

[0010] A heat exchanger, which is connected in series with the air conditioning compressor and the evaporator, and the evaporator can be selectively connected with the condenser and / or the heat exchanger;

[0011] A heat dissipation assembly, wherein the cooling medium in the heat dissipation assembly is used to cool the motor and the air compressor, and the heat dissipation assembly is connected in series with the heat exchanger.

[0012] Furthermore, the heat dissipation assembly includes a circulating pump, which is connected in series with the heat exchanger, the cooling channel of the motor, and the cooling channel of the air compressor.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a medium-temperature radiator, which is connected in series between the circulating pump and the heat exchanger.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a first three-way valve, the first port of which is connected to the circulating pump, the second port of which is connected to the heat exchanger, and the third port of which is connected to the medium-temperature radiator.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a second three-way valve, the first port of which is connected to the evaporator, the second port of which is connected to the condenser, and the third port of which is connected to the heat exchanger.

[0016] Furthermore, a first expansion valve is provided between the second three-way valve and the evaporator, with one end of the first expansion valve connected to the first port of the second three-way valve and the other end of the first expansion valve connected to the evaporator.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a second expansion valve and a third expansion valve. One end of the second expansion valve is connected to the air conditioning compressor, and the other end of the second expansion valve is connected to the condenser. One end of the third expansion valve is connected to the air conditioning compressor, and the other end of the third expansion valve is connected to the heat exchanger.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a replenishment tank for storing the heat exchange medium, and the replenishment tank is connected to the circulation pump.

[0019] A control method for controlling the direct cooling and heating system of the power battery as described above includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. Collect the temperature of the power battery:

[0021] S2. If the temperature of the power battery is lower than the set minimum temperature, the air conditioning compressor drive medium absorbs heat from the environment through the condenser and then enters the evaporator to heat the power battery; if the temperature of the power battery is higher than the set maximum temperature, proceed to the next step.

[0022] S3. Collect the temperature of the evaporator. If the temperature of the evaporator is lower than the first set value, turn off the air conditioner compressor, and dissipate the heat of the power battery through the condenser; otherwise, proceed to the next step.

[0023] S4. Turn on the air conditioner compressor.

[0024] Commercial vehicles, including the power battery direct cooling and direct heating system as described above.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] This invention provides a direct cooling and heating system for a power battery. An evaporator exchanges heat with the power battery. A condenser, air conditioning compressor, and evaporator form a loop, while a heat exchanger, heat dissipation components, air conditioning compressor, and evaporator form another loop. The evaporator is selectively connected to the condenser and / or heat exchanger. When the power battery temperature is low, the condenser can absorb heat from the external environment and then heat the power battery. If the power battery needs to heat up rapidly, the motor can be stalled, causing it to quickly generate a large amount of heat. The cooling medium absorbs this heat through the heat dissipation components and then enters the evaporator through the heat exchanger to heat the evaporator, allowing the power battery temperature to quickly reach the set temperature. When the power battery temperature is high, the heat can be dissipated through the condenser or heat exchanger, ensuring the power battery is in optimal operating condition. This design meets the power battery's thermal requirements while reducing the vehicle's overall energy consumption.

[0027] The present invention provides a control method for controlling the direct cooling and heating system of the power battery as described above, which can reduce the energy consumption of the whole vehicle while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery.

[0028] The present invention provides a commercial vehicle including the power battery direct cooling and heating system as described above, which can reduce the energy consumption of the whole vehicle while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the direct cooling and heating system for power batteries of the present invention.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Evaporator; 11. First expansion valve; 2. Air conditioning compressor; 3. Condenser; 31. Second expansion valve; 4. Heat exchanger; 41. Third expansion valve; 5. Circulation pump; 51. Refill tank; 52. Medium-temperature radiator; 53. Motor; 54. Air compressor; 55. Controller; 6. First three-way valve; 7. Second three-way valve; 8. Power battery. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections or detachable connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] In order to reduce the overall energy consumption of the vehicle while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a direct cooling and heating system for a power battery. The direct cooling and heating system for a power battery includes an evaporator 1, an air conditioning compressor 2, a condenser 3, a heat dissipation assembly, and a heat exchanger 4.

[0036] The evaporator 1 is located on one side of the power battery 8 and is used for heat exchange with the power battery 8. The air conditioning compressor 2 is connected to the evaporator 1. The condenser 3 is connected in series with the air conditioning compressor 2 and the evaporator 1, and the cooling medium in the condenser 3 can absorb the temperature of the external environment. The heat exchanger 4 is connected in series with the air conditioning compressor 2 and the evaporator 1, and the evaporator 1 can be selectively connected to the condenser 3 and / or the heat exchanger 4. The cooling medium in the heat dissipation assembly is used to cool the motor 53 and the air compressor 54, and the heat dissipation assembly is connected in series with the heat exchanger 4.

[0037] When the temperature of the power battery 8 is low, the condenser 3 can absorb heat from the external environment and then heat the power battery 8. If the power battery 8 needs to heat up rapidly, the motor 53 can be stalled, and the motor 53 will quickly generate a large amount of heat. The cooling medium absorbs the heat through the heat dissipation components and enters the evaporator 1 through the heat exchanger 4 to heat the evaporator 1, allowing the temperature of the power battery 8 to quickly reach the set temperature. When the temperature of the power battery 8 is high, the heat can be dissipated through the condenser 3 or the heat exchanger 4, thereby ensuring that the power battery 8 is in its optimal operating state. Through the above settings, the energy consumption of the entire vehicle can be reduced while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery 8.

[0038] Furthermore, the heat dissipation assembly includes a circulating pump 5, which is connected in series with the heat exchanger 4, the cooling channel of the motor 53, and the cooling channel of the air compressor 54. During operation, the motor 53, air compressor 54, and controller 55 generate a large amount of heat. The circulating pump 5 pumps the heat exchange medium into the cooling channels of the motor 53, air compressor 54, and controller 55 for heat exchange, cooling the motor 53, air compressor 54, and controller 55 while simultaneously raising the temperature of the cooling medium. Then, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the cooling medium in the heat exchanger 4, causing the temperature of the heat exchange medium to decrease and the temperature of the cooling medium to increase. The cooling medium then enters the evaporator 1 through the heat exchanger 4 to heat the power battery 8. This fully utilizes the heat generated by the motor 53, air compressor 54, and controller 55 to heat the power battery 8.

[0039] Furthermore, the direct cooling and heating system for the power battery also includes a medium-temperature radiator 52, which is connected in series between the circulating pump 5 and the heat exchanger 4. By installing the medium-temperature radiator 52, the heat generated by the motor 53, air compressor 54, and controller 55 can be discharged through the radiator 52, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the motor 53, air compressor 54, and controller 55. When the temperature of the power battery 8 is high, the heat from the power battery 8 can be transferred to the cooling medium through the evaporator 1, and then the cooling medium enters the heat exchange medium through the heat exchanger 4, and the heat exchange medium is discharged through the medium-temperature radiator 52.

[0040] Furthermore, the direct cooling and heating system for the power battery also includes a first three-way valve 6. The first port of the first three-way valve 6 is connected to the circulating pump 5, the second port of the first three-way valve 6 is connected to the heat exchanger 4, and the third port of the first three-way valve 6 is connected to the intermediate-temperature radiator 52. When the first port and the second port of the first three-way valve 6 are connected, the heat exchange medium enters the heat exchanger 4 directly without passing through the intermediate-temperature radiator 52, so that heat is effectively transferred to the cooling medium, which can effectively heat the power battery 8. When the first port and the third port of the first three-way valve 6 are connected, the heat exchange medium enters the heat exchanger 4 through the intermediate-temperature radiator 52, and the intermediate-temperature radiator 52 can dissipate the heat in the heat exchange medium, thereby ensuring that the motor 53 and the air compressor 54 can work normally.

[0041] Furthermore, the direct cooling and heating system for the power battery also includes a second three-way valve 7. The first port of the second three-way valve 7 is connected to the evaporator 1, the second port is connected to the condenser 3, and the third port is connected to the heat exchanger 4. Specifically, when the first port and the second port of the second three-way valve 7 are connected, the cooling medium enters the condenser 3 through the air conditioning compressor 2, and then enters the evaporator 1 through the condenser 3 to form a circulation. The power battery 8 can be heated using the ambient temperature, or the heat from the power battery 8 can be dissipated using the operation of the air conditioning compressor 2. When the first port and the third port of the second three-way valve 7 are connected, the air conditioning compressor 2 pressurizes the cooling medium into the heat exchanger 4, and then into the evaporator 1 to heat the power battery 8. When the first port, the second port, and the third port of the second three-way valve 7 are all connected, the cooling medium can use the heat from the ambient temperature and the heat absorbed by the heat exchange medium to heat the power battery 8, thereby accelerating the rate at which the temperature of the power battery 8 increases.

[0042] Furthermore, a first expansion valve 11 is provided between the second three-way valve 7 and the evaporator 1. One end of the first expansion valve 11 is connected to the first port of the second three-way valve 7, and the other end of the first expansion valve 11 is connected to the evaporator 1. Specifically, the cooling medium is carbon dioxide, and the first expansion valve 11 is a mechanical expansion valve, which plays a role in throttling and reducing pressure. Moreover, by adjusting the opening degree of the first expansion valve 11, the flow rate of the cooling medium entering the evaporator 1 can be regulated.

[0043] Furthermore, the direct cooling and heating system for the power battery also includes a second expansion valve 31 and a third expansion valve 41. One end of the second expansion valve 31 is connected to the air conditioning compressor 2, and the other end is connected to the condenser 3. One end of the third expansion valve 41 is connected to the air conditioning compressor 2, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger 4. Specifically, the cooling medium is carbon dioxide, and the second expansion valve 31 and the third expansion valve 41 are electronic expansion valves, which play a role in throttling and reducing pressure. Moreover, by adjusting the opening degree of the second expansion valve 31 and the third expansion valve 41, the flow rate of the cooling medium can be adjusted.

[0044] Furthermore, the direct cooling and heating system for the power battery also includes a replenishment tank 51, which stores the heat exchange medium and is connected to the circulation pump 5. Specifically, the heat exchange medium is water, which can be replenished in a timely manner through the replenishment tank 51 after consumption, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the direct cooling and heating system for the power battery.

[0045] This embodiment also provides a control method for controlling the above-mentioned direct cooling and heating system for power batteries, including the following steps:

[0046] S1. Collect the temperature of power battery 8:

[0047] S2. If the temperature of the power battery 8 is lower than the set minimum temperature, the driving medium of the air conditioning compressor 2 absorbs the heat from the environment through the condenser 3 and then enters the evaporator 1 to heat the power battery 8; if the temperature of the power battery 8 is higher than the set maximum temperature, proceed to the next step; specifically, in this embodiment, the set minimum temperature can be calibrated as needed, and no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0048] S3. Collect the temperature of evaporator 1. If the temperature of evaporator 1 is less than the first set value, turn off the air conditioner compressor 2. The heat of the power battery 8 is dissipated through the condenser 3. Otherwise, proceed to the next step: Specifically, the first set value is 25℃. At this time, the temperature difference between the power battery 8 and the ambient temperature is large. Make full use of the condenser 3 to exchange heat with the external environment, avoid the air conditioner compressor 2 from working, and thus save energy.

[0049] S4. Turn on the air conditioning compressor 2. At this time, the ambient temperature is high. By turning on the air conditioning compressor 2, the heat of the power battery 8 can be quickly reduced, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power battery 8.

[0050] Furthermore, when the temperature of the power battery 8 is between the set minimum temperature and the set maximum temperature, it will be heated or cooled according to the actual needs of the power battery 8, without much restriction.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a commercial vehicle, including the above-mentioned direct cooling and heating system for the power battery, which can reduce the energy consumption of the whole vehicle while meeting the thermal requirements of the power battery.

[0052] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A direct cooling and heating system for power batteries, characterized in that, include: An evaporator (1) is disposed on one side of the power battery (8) for heat exchange with the power battery (8); An air conditioning compressor (2) is connected to the evaporator (1); The condenser (3) is connected in series with the air conditioning compressor (2) and the evaporator (1), and the cooling medium in the condenser (3) can absorb the temperature of the external environment; A heat exchanger (4) is connected in series with the air conditioning compressor (2) and the evaporator (1), and the evaporator (1) can be selectively connected with the condenser (3) and / or the heat exchanger (4); A heat dissipation assembly, wherein the cooling medium in the heat dissipation assembly is used to cool the motor (53) and the air compressor (54), and the heat dissipation assembly is connected in series with the heat exchanger (4); The heat dissipation assembly includes a circulating pump (5), which is connected in series with the heat exchanger (4), the cooling channel of the motor (53) and the cooling channel of the air compressor (54); It also includes a medium-temperature radiator (52), which is connected in series between the circulating pump (5) and the heat exchanger (4); It also includes a first three-way valve (6), the first port of the first three-way valve (6) is connected to the circulating pump (5), the second port of the first three-way valve (6) is connected to the heat exchanger (4), and the third port of the first three-way valve (6) is connected to the medium-temperature radiator (52). It also includes a second three-way valve (7), the first port of which is connected to the evaporator (1), the second port of which is connected to the condenser (3), and the third port of which is connected to the heat exchanger (4).

2. The direct cooling and heating system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first expansion valve (11) is provided between the second three-way valve (7) and the evaporator (1). One end of the first expansion valve (11) is connected to the first port of the second three-way valve (7), and the other end of the first expansion valve (11) is connected to the evaporator (1).

3. The direct cooling and heating system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second expansion valve (31) and a third expansion valve (41). One end of the second expansion valve (31) is connected to the air conditioning compressor (2), and the other end of the second expansion valve (31) is connected to the condenser (3). One end of the third expansion valve (41) is connected to the air conditioning compressor (2), and the other end of the third expansion valve (41) is connected to the heat exchanger (4).

4. The direct cooling and heating system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a replenishment tank (51) for storing heat exchange medium, and the replenishment tank (51) is connected to the circulating pump (5).

5. A control method, characterized in that, The method for controlling the direct cooling and heating system of the power battery as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: S1. Collect the temperature of the power battery (8): S2. If the temperature of the power battery (8) is lower than the set minimum temperature, the air conditioning compressor (2) drives the medium to absorb the heat of the environment through the condenser (3) and then enters the evaporator (1) to heat the power battery (8); if the temperature of the power battery (8) is higher than the set maximum temperature, proceed to the next step. S3. Collect the temperature of the evaporator (1). If the temperature of the evaporator (1) is less than the first set value, turn off the air conditioning compressor (2). The heat of the power battery (8) is dissipated through the condenser (3). Otherwise, proceed to the next step. S4. Turn on the air conditioner compressor (2).

6. A commercial vehicle, characterized in that, Including the direct cooling and heating system for power batteries as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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