Integrated equipment and method for high-temperature steam sterilization and molding of horse manure and cushion waste

Abstract

The application discloses horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization forming integrated equipment, including feeding system, control system, transmission system and reaction forming system; the feeding system is communicated with the reaction forming system, the control system is connected with the transmission system, the transmission system is connected to drive the reaction forming system; the reaction forming system includes integrated and relatively independent high-temperature steam sterilization section, low-temperature pyrolysis section and extrusion forming section, the high-temperature steam sterilization section kills microorganisms in horse manure and cushion waste by pressurizing and heating; the low-temperature pyrolysis section carbonizes organic components of horse manure to form a large number of pores and heats and softens lignin in the cushion to facilitate forming; the extrusion forming section extrudes the filler under high pressure. The application also discloses a high-temperature steam sterilization forming integrated method using the horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization forming integrated equipment. The horse manure and cushion waste are prepared into recyclable porous environment-friendly adsorption granular fillers by the application, and harmless and resource utilization are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of livestock manure treatment, and relates to a horse manure and bedding waste treatment process, in particular to a horse manure and bedding waste high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated equipment and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the Speed Horse Feeding and Management Technical Specification, the speed horse has a requirement for hygiene, a certain thickness of bedding needs to be laid at the bottom of the stable, and the bedding with manure needs to be replaced in time every day. According to the above requirement, a large amount of horse manure and bedding mixture will be generated, and the ratio of bedding waste to horse manure can be as high as 4:1.

[0003] At present, the common treatment methods of horse manure include incineration, composting and physical compression. Among them, the cost of horse manure incineration is high. Composting is the most common harmless and resourceful way for livestock manure, but the mixture of horse manure and bedding contains a large amount of cellulose lignin, which is difficult to decompose, resulting in low microbial reaction rate and thus difficult to raise the composting temperature, so as to kill pathogenic microorganisms in the material and make the composting product difficult to meet the standard.

[0004] Chinese patent CN102304407A discloses an intensive large-scale dairy farm cow dung compression high-density fuel and a method thereof. The cow dung is dried and compressed by a compressor after being separated by dry-wet separation to obtain cow dung compression fuel. This method dehydrates by compression, and the dehydrated product is directly incinerated. The organic matter is not recycled but directly discharged as carbon dioxide, and there are public safety and health hazards in the transportation and storage process.

[0005] At present, there is little research on the harmless and resourceful utilization technology of horse manure and bedding waste mixture, especially when the amount of bedding waste is much higher than that of horse manure, the physicochemical properties of the mixture change greatly compared with single horse manure, and it is difficult to be treated by the above-mentioned conventional treatment methods.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for the emergence of a device and method for harmless and resourceful treatment of horse manure and bedding waste. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the existing horse manure and bedding waste treatment technology, the purpose of the present application is to provide a horse manure and bedding waste high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated equipment.

[0008] The purpose of the present application is also to provide a high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated method using the above-mentioned horse manure and bedding waste high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated equipment, to prepare horse manure and bedding waste into recyclable porous environment-friendly adsorption granular filler, so as to realize its harmless and resourceful utilization.

[0009] The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0010] The method for forming and sterilizing horse manure and bedding waste by high-temperature steam in one step, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0011] The collected horse manure and bedding waste are pretreated;

[0012] The pretreated horse manure and bedding waste are fed into the barrel through the feeding system, and are pushed into the high-temperature steam sterilization section by the screw, and the microorganisms in the horse manure and bedding waste are killed by high-temperature steam obtained by pressurization and heating;

[0013] Subsequently, the horse manure and bedding waste enter the low-temperature pyrolysis section, which carbonizes the organic components of the horse manure to form a large number of pores and softens the lignin in the bedding for easy forming;

[0014] The extrusion forming section extrudes and forms the filler under high pressure.

[0015] Further, the pretreatment is to control the particle size of the horse manure and bedding waste to 10-50 mm by a crusher, and then remove the metal impurities therein by a magnetic vortex separator.

[0016] Further, the pressure of the high-temperature steam sterilization section is above 0.13 MPa, the temperature reaches 126℃, and the residence time of the horse manure and bedding waste in the high-temperature steam sterilization section is 10-20 min;

[0017] The pressure of the low-temperature pyrolysis section is 15-20 MPa; the water vapor inside the horse manure and bedding waste in the low-temperature pyrolysis section is discharged from the drainage and exhaust holes to the independent space between the barrel and the casing of this section within 1-2 min, and is extracted by the vacuum pump through the suction hole above, and the gravity water in the horse manure and bedding waste is discharged from the casing through the water trap; after drainage and exhaust, the temperature rises to 200-300℃, and the residence time of the horse manure and bedding waste at the temperature is 4-6 min;

[0018] The pressure of the extrusion forming section is 20-30 MPa.

[0019] The integrated equipment for forming and sterilizing horse manure and bedding waste by high-temperature steam in one step, characterized in that the integrated equipment comprises a feeding system, a control system, a transmission system and a reaction forming system; the feeding system is connected to the reaction forming system, the control system is connected to the transmission system, and the transmission system drives the reaction forming system; the reaction forming system comprises an integrated high-temperature steam sterilization section, a low-temperature pyrolysis section and an extrusion forming section which are relatively independent; the high-temperature steam sterilization section kills the microorganisms in the horse manure and bedding waste by pressurization and heating; the low-temperature pyrolysis section carbonizes the organic components of the horse manure to form a large number of pores and softens the lignin in the bedding for easy forming; and the extrusion forming section extrudes the filler under high pressure.

[0020] Further, the reaction forming system comprises a screw rod, a cylinder, a casing, a partition, a heating device, a drainage and exhaust hole, the screw rod is transversely arranged in the cylinder, the cylinder is sleeved with the casing and there is a space between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the cylinder, the partition is longitudinally arranged in the space to sequentially divide the reaction forming system from front to back into the high-temperature steam sterilization section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section and the extrusion forming section; the high-temperature steam sterilization section and the low-temperature pyrolysis section are provided with the heating device, and the low-temperature pyrolysis section is provided with the drainage and exhaust hole; the high-temperature steam sterilization section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section and the extrusion forming section share one screw rod, and the pitch of the screw rod gradually decreases from front to back.

[0021] Further, the heating device is an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire is wound on the outer wall of the cylinder in the high-temperature steam sterilization section and the low-temperature pyrolysis section.

[0022] The geometric compression ratio of the screw rod in the high-temperature steam sterilization section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section and the extrusion forming section is respectively 2-3, 4-5 and 6-8.

[0023] Further, the cylinder in the low-temperature pyrolysis section is uniformly provided with the drainage and exhaust hole, the upper end of the casing in the low-temperature pyrolysis section is provided with a suction hole, the suction hole is connected with a vacuum pump, and the lower end of the casing in the low-temperature pyrolysis section is provided with a lower water hopper.

[0024] Further, the lower end of the lower water hopper is provided with a rotary on-off device for sealing, and the rotary on-off device is connected with the control system.

[0025] Further, the transmission system drives the screw rod.

[0026] Further, the feeding system is arranged above the high-temperature steam sterilization section and communicates with the high-temperature steam sterilization section.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0028] (1) The high-temperature steam sterilization section makes the water vapor reach 126 DEG C through pressurization and heating, and kills the microorganisms in the horse manure and bedding waste in a short time, thereby reducing the public safety and health hidden danger.

[0029] (2) The low-temperature pyrolysis section performs low-temperature pyrolysis carbonization on the organic components in the horse manure to form a large number of pores, thereby realizing the harmlessness of the horse manure and bedding waste mixture.

[0030] (3) The extrusion forming section extrudes under high pressure and is made into a cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption particle filler with consistent specifications through a customized die, which can be used for odor adsorption treatment, and finally realizes the resource utilization.

[0031] In summary, the horse manure and bedding waste can be prepared into a porous environmental protection adsorption particle filler which can be recycled by using the present application, thereby realizing the harmlessness and resource utilization of the horse manure and bedding waste.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the method of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is a technical principle diagram of the high-temperature steam sterilization integrated forming equipment;

[0034] Figure 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the reaction forming system;

[0035] Among them, 1, feeding system; 2, transmission system; 3, control system; 4, reaction forming system-high temperature steam sterilization section 5, reaction forming system-low temperature pyrolysis section; 6, reaction forming system-extrusion forming section; 7, reaction forming system;

[0036] 71, screw; 72, barrel; 73, head; 74, casing; 75, electric heating wire; 76, rotary on-off device; 77, vacuum pump; 78, drainage and exhaust hole; 79, suction hole; 710, partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects realized by the present application easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings of the specification.

[0038] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization integrated forming equipment of the present embodiment includes a feeding system 1, a control system 3, a transmission system 2, and a reaction forming system 7. The feeding system 1 is used to continuously transport materials into the barrel 72, which can be a conical or square conical hopper. The lower end of the hopper is connected to the barrel 72, and a spiral mixer can be arranged inside the hopper to mix the feed. The control system 3 mainly controls the operation of the equipment through the control cabinet, and the control system 3 is connected to the transmission system 2. The transmission system 2 includes a motor, a gear box and a bearing, which is mainly used to drive the screw 71 and provide the required torque and speed.

[0039] Among them, the reaction forming system 7 includes a screw 71, a barrel 72, a head 73, a casing 74, an electric heating wire 75, a rotary on-off device 76, a vacuum pump 77, a drainage and exhaust hole 78, a suction hole 79, and a partition 710.

[0040] The screw 71 is arranged in the barrel 72, the discharge end of the barrel 72 is connected to the head 73, the casing 74 is sleeved on the outside of the barrel 72, and there is a certain space between the inner wall of the casing 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72.

[0041] The space formed by the inner wall of the casing 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72 is divided into the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5 and the extrusion molding section 6 by the partition plate 710, respectively, to form independent spaces.

[0042] Then, the molding integrated equipment of the present embodiment integrates the above-mentioned high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, low-temperature pyrolysis section 5 and extrusion molding section 6 in the reaction molding system 7 by changing the parameters such as the pitch and thread depth of the screw 71 and the process conditions of electric heating, and finally obtains an integrated molding equipment (the thread of the screw 71 gradually becomes shallower from front to back, the pitch gradually becomes smaller, and the geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 gradually increases from 2-3 to 6-8. According to the different process conditions of the screw 71 and electric heating, the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, low-temperature pyrolysis section 5 and extrusion molding section 6 are arranged in sequence from front to back).

[0043] The material moves forward along the screw 71 inside the barrel 72, and passes through the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, low-temperature pyrolysis section 5 and extrusion molding section 6 in sequence, and the process conditions and material reactions of each section are different.

[0044] The outer wall of the barrel 72 of the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 is wrapped with electric heating wire 75 for heating, and the barrel 72 is not provided with holes to retain the high-temperature water vapor inside the barrel 72. The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 in this section is about 2-3, and the extrusion mixture makes its pressure reach above 0.13 MPa, and cooperates with the electric heating wire 75 to heat the mixture to evaporate the water in the mixture into water vapor and make its temperature be 126℃, and use the water vapor to kill the bacteria and highly heat-resistant spores in the mixture in a short time to achieve the effect of high-efficiency high-temperature steam sterilization, and control the rotation speed of the screw 71 to make the material stay in this section for 10-20 min.

[0045] With the rotation of the screw 71, the material enters the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5. The barrel 72 of this section is wrapped with electric heating wire 75 for heating, and evenly opened with drainage and exhaust holes 78 around for discharging gas and gravity water. The space formed by the inner wall of the casing 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72 is separated from the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 and the extrusion molding section 6 by the partition plate 710, forming an independent space. The upper end of the casing 74 in the independent space is provided with 2-3 suction holes 79 connected to the vacuum pump 77 for pumping out the gas in the barrel 72. The lower part of the casing 74 is a conical hopper, and the lower end of the hopper is provided with a rotary shutter 76 for sealing, which is controlled by a motor (the motor of the control system 3). The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 in this section is about 4-5, and the pressure of the casing 74 and the material subjected to the screw 71 increases to 15-20 MPa, removing a large amount of water vapor in 1-2 min. Through pressurized friction and heating of the electric heating wire 75, the temperature in the barrel is controlled at 200-300℃, at which time the organic components in the horse manure are pyrolyzed and carbonized to form a large number of pores and achieve harmlessness, and a large amount of lignin in the cushion waste softens under the condition of heating to play a bonding role, facilitating subsequent molding. The residence time of the material at this temperature is 4-6 min.

[0046] The material enters the extrusion molding section 6, and the wall of the barrel 72 of this section is not opened and is not provided with electric heating wire 75. The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 in this section reaches 6-8, and the pressure of the material is further increased to 20-30 MPa by extrusion of the screw 71, and is extruded and molded into cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption granular filler with a diameter of 3-10 mm and a length of 10-20 mm by the customized die head 73. The filler has certain mechanical strength, high porosity and good adsorption performance, and can be used for odor adsorption treatment.

[0047] The horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated method using the horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment comprises:

[0048] The collected horse manure and cushion waste are pretreated: first, the particle size is controlled at 10-50 mm by a crusher to facilitate subsequent uniform mixing and meet the feeding requirements of the high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment, then the metal impurities are removed by a magnetic vortex separator to reduce damage to the screw, and finally the horse manure and cushion waste are fed into the high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment for subsequent treatment.

[0049] The horse manure and bedding waste are fed into the barrel 72 from the front end hopper of the equipment, and pushed into the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 by the screw 71. The pressure of the material in this section reaches 0.13 MPa or above. The water in the material evaporates into water vapor, and the temperature is maintained at 126°C under the action of the electric heating wire 75. The rotation speed of the screw 71 is controlled to make the material stay in this section for 10-20 min, so as to kill the bacteria and highly heat-resistant spores in the mixture in a short time by using the characteristics of high latent heat and strong penetration of water vapor, and achieve the effect of high-efficiency high-temperature steam sterilization.

[0050] Subsequently, the material enters the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5, and the pressure is further increased to 15-20 MPa. The water vapor in the material is discharged from the drainage and exhaust hole 78 on the barrel 72 to the independent space between the barrel 72 and the casing 74 in this section, and is pumped out by the vacuum pump 77 through the upper pump port. The gravity water in the material flows out from the lower opening of the barrel 72 and enters the lower conical casing 74, and is discharged from the equipment through the rotating on-off device 75. After the material is drained and exhausted for 1-2 min, the temperature of the material is controlled at 200-300°C by increasing the pressure and heating the electric heating wire 75. At this temperature, the cellulose, hemicellulose and other organic components in the horse manure are pyrolyzed and carbonized to form a large number of pores and achieve harmless treatment. A large amount of lignin in the bedding waste softens under heating and better binds the material together. The material stays at this temperature for about 4-6 min.

[0051] Finally, the material after sterilization and harmless treatment enters the extrusion forming stage 6, and the pressure is further increased to 20-30 MPa. The material is extruded and formed into cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption granular filler with a diameter of 3-10 mm and a length of 10-20 mm by the customized die head 73. The filler has certain mechanical strength, high porosity and good adsorption performance, and can be used for odor adsorption treatment.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] The horse manure and bedding waste of a horse farm are used as raw materials. The bedding waste is wood shavings, and the mass ratio of the bedding waste to the horse manure is 3:1. After being crushed by a crusher, the particle size of the horse manure and the bedding waste is controlled at 20-40 mm. Then, the metal impurities in the horse manure and the bedding waste are removed by a magnetic vortex separator to complete the pretreatment. The pretreated horse manure and the bedding waste are fed into the high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated equipment.

[0054] The horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization integrated equipment of the embodiment comprises a feeding system 1, a control system 3, a transmission system 2 and a reaction forming system 7. The feeding system 1 is a stainless steel conical hopper for continuously feeding materials into the cylinder 72. The lower end of the hopper is connected with the cylinder 72. The inside of the hopper is provided with a spiral agitator for mixing the feed. The control system 3 controls the operation of the equipment through a control cabinet. The control system 3 is connected with the transmission system 2. The transmission system 2 comprises a motor, a gear box and a bearing, which are mainly used for driving the screw rod 71 to provide the required torque and rotational speed.

[0055] The reaction forming system 7 comprises a screw rod 71, a cylinder 72, a machine head 73, a machine shell 74, an electric heating wire 75, a rotary on-off device 76, a vacuum pump 77, a drainage and exhaust hole 78, a suction hole 79 and a partition plate 710.

[0056] The screw rod 71 made of No. 45 steel has a diameter of 200 mm and a length-diameter ratio of 25:1. The screw rod 71 is arranged in the stainless steel cylinder 72. The discharge end of the cylinder 72 is connected with the customized machine head 73. The stainless steel machine shell 74 is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder 72. There is a certain space between the inner wall of the machine shell 74 and the outer wall of the cylinder 72.

[0057] The space between the inner wall of the machine shell 74 and the outer wall of the cylinder 72 is divided into a high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, a low-temperature pyrolysis section 5 and an extrusion forming section 6 by the stainless steel partition plate 710. The three sections form independent spaces. The process conditions and material reactions of the three sections are different. The thread of the screw rod 71 gradually becomes shallower from front to back. The pitch gradually becomes smaller. The geometric compression ratio of the screw rod gradually increases from 2-3 to 6-8. According to the different process conditions of the screw rod 71 and the electric heating wire 75, the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5 and the extrusion forming section 6 are arranged in sequence from front to back.

[0058] The outer wall of the stainless steel cylinder 72 of the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 is wound with an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire 75 for heating. The cylinder 72 is not provided with an opening to retain the internal high-temperature water vapor in the cylinder 72. The geometric compression ratio of the screw rod 71 of this section is about 2.5. The extrusion mixture makes the pressure reach above 0.13 MPa. The mixture is heated by the electric heating wire 75 to evaporate the water in the mixture into water vapor and maintain the temperature at 126℃. The water vapor is used to kill bacteria and highly heat-resistant spores in the mixture in a short time to achieve the effect of high-efficiency high-temperature steam sterilization. The rotational speed of the screw rod 71 is controlled to make the residence time of the material in this section be 20 min.

[0059] With the rotation of the screw 71, the material enters the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5. The barrel 72 of this section is wrapped with iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire 75 for heating, and evenly opened with 5mm diameter drainage and exhaust holes 78 around for discharging gas and gravity water. The space formed between the inner wall of the casing 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72 is separated from the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 and the extrusion molding section 6 by a stainless steel partition plate 710, forming an independent space. The upper end of the casing 74 in the independent space is provided with two G1 / 4 suction holes 79 connected to the vacuum pump 77 for pumping out the gas discharged from the barrel 72. The lower part of the casing 74 is a conical hopper, and the lower end of the hopper is provided with a DN80 stainless steel rotary seal 76 for sealing, which is controlled by a motor (the motor of the control system 3). The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 in this section is about 4, and the pressure on the material increases to 16MPa, removing a large amount of water and gas in 2min. Through pressurized friction and heating of the electric heating wire 75, the temperature in the barrel is controlled at 260℃, at which time the organic components in the horse manure are pyrolyzed and carbonized to form a large number of pores and achieve harmlessness, and a large amount of lignin in the cushion waste softens under the condition of heating to play a bonding role, facilitating subsequent molding. The material stays at this temperature for 5min.

[0060] The material enters the extrusion molding section 6, and the wall of the barrel 72 in this section is not opened and is not provided with electric heating wire 75. The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 in this section reaches 7, and the pressure on the material is further increased to 22MPa through extrusion by the screw 71, and is extruded and molded into a cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption particle filler with a diameter of 5mm and a length of 10mm by a stainless steel customized die head 73. The filler has certain mechanical strength, high porosity and good adsorption performance, and can be used for odor adsorption treatment.

[0061] The horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated method using the horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment comprises the following steps:

[0062] The collected horse manure and cushion waste are pretreated: first, the particle size is controlled below 20-40mm by a crusher to facilitate subsequent uniform mixing and meet the feeding requirements of the high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment, then the metal impurities are removed by a magnetic vortex separator to reduce damage to the screw, and finally the horse manure and cushion waste are fed into the high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment for subsequent treatment.

[0063] The horse manure and bedding waste are fed into the barrel 72 from the front end hopper of the equipment, and pushed into the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 by the screw 71. The pressure of the material in this section reaches 0.13 MPa, the internal moisture of the material evaporates into water vapor, and the temperature is maintained at 126°C under the action of the electric heating wire 75. The rotation speed of the screw 71 is controlled to make the material stay in this section for 20 minutes, so as to kill the bacteria and highly heat-resistant spores in the mixture in a short time by using the characteristics of high latent heat and strong penetration of water vapor, and achieve the effect of high-efficiency high-temperature steam sterilization.

[0064] Then the material enters the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5, and the pressure increases to 16 MPa. The water vapor in the material is discharged from the drainage and exhaust hole 78 on the barrel 72 to the independent space between the barrel 72 and the casing 74 in this section, and is pumped out by the vacuum pump 77 through the upper pump port. The gravity water in the material flows out from the lower opening of the barrel 72 and enters the lower conical casing 74, and is discharged from the equipment through the rotating on-off device 75. After the material is drained and exhausted in 2 minutes, the temperature of the material is controlled at 260°C by increasing the pressure and heating the electric heating wire 75. At this temperature, the cellulose, hemicellulose and other organic components in the horse manure are pyrolyzed and carbonized to form a large number of pores and achieve harmlessness. A large amount of lignin in the bedding waste softens under the condition of heating and better binds the material together. The material stays in this section for about 5 minutes.

[0065] Finally, the material after sterilization and harmlessness enters the extrusion forming stage 6, and the pressure increases to 22 MPa. The material is extruded and formed into cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption granular filler with a diameter of 5 mm and a length of 10 mm through the customized die head 73. The filler has certain mechanical strength, high porosity and good adsorption performance, and can be used for odor adsorption treatment.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] The horse manure and bedding waste of a certain horse farm are mixed with a mass ratio of 4:1. After being crushed by a crusher, the particle size is controlled below 50 mm, and then the metal impurities are removed by a magnetic vortex separator to complete the pretreatment. The pretreated horse manure and bedding waste enter the high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated equipment.

[0068] The high-temperature steam sterilization and forming integrated equipment for horse manure and bedding waste in this example includes a feeding system 1, a control system 3, a transmission system 2, and a reaction forming system 7. The feeding system 1 is a stainless steel conical hopper for continuously feeding the material into the barrel 72. The lower end of the hopper is connected to the barrel 72, and a spiral stirrer is arranged inside the hopper to mix the feed. The control system 3 controls the operation of the equipment through a control cabinet, and is connected to the transmission system 2. The transmission system 2 includes a motor, a gear box and a bearing, which is mainly used to drive the screw 71 to provide the required torque and speed.

[0069] The reaction forming system 7 includes a screw 71, a barrel 72, a head 73, a shell 74, an electric heating wire 75, a rotary on-off device 76, a vacuum pump 77, a drainage and exhaust hole 78, a suction hole 79, and a partition plate 710.

[0070] The screw 71 made of 38CrMoAl has a diameter of 150 mm and a length-diameter ratio of 20:1, which is arranged in the stainless steel barrel 72. The discharge end of the barrel 72 is connected to the customized head 73. The stainless steel shell 74 is sleeved on the outside of the barrel 72, and there is a certain space between the inner wall of the shell 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72.

[0071] The space formed by the inner wall of the shell 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72 is divided into a high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, a low-temperature pyrolysis section 5, and an extrusion forming section 6 by the stainless steel partition plate 710, respectively, to form independent spaces. The process conditions and material reactions of each section are different. The thread of the screw 71 gradually becomes shallower from front to back, and the pitch gradually becomes smaller. According to the different process conditions of the screw 71 and the electric heating wire 75 of the shell 74, they are sequentially arranged from front to back as the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4, the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5, and the extrusion forming section 6. The outer wall of the stainless steel barrel 72 of the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 is wound with an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire 75 for heating. The barrel 72 is not provided with an opening to retain the high-temperature water vapor inside the barrel 72. The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 is about 3. The extrusion mixture makes its pressure reach above 0.13 MPa. The mixture is heated by the electric heating wire 75 to evaporate the water in the mixture into water vapor and maintain its temperature at 126°C. The water vapor is used to kill bacteria and highly heat-resistant spores in the mixture in a short time to achieve the effect of high-efficiency high-temperature steam sterilization. The rotation speed of the screw 71 is controlled to make the material stay in this section for 15 min.

[0072] With the rotation of the screw 71, the material enters the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5. The barrel 72 of this section is wrapped with iron-chromium-aluminum alloy electric heating wire 75 for heating, and evenly opened with 6mm diameter drainage and exhaust holes 78 around for discharging gas and gravity water. The space formed between the inner wall of the casing 74 and the outer wall of the barrel 72 is separated from the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 and the extrusion molding section 6 by a stainless steel partition 710, forming an independent space. The upper end of the casing 74 in the independent space is provided with two G1 / 4 suction holes 79 connected to the vacuum pump 77 for pumping out the gas discharged from the barrel 72. The lower part of the casing 74 is a conical hopper, and the lower end of the hopper is provided with a DN60 stainless steel rotary seal 76 for sealing, which is controlled by a motor (the motor of the control system 3). The geometric compression ratio of the screw 71 in this section is about 5, and the pressure of the screw 71 on the material at the front end increases to 15MPa. A large amount of water vapor is removed within 2min, and the temperature in the barrel is controlled at 240℃ through pressurized friction and heating of the electric heating wire 75. At this time, the organic components in the horse manure are pyrolyzed and carbonized to form a large number of pores and achieve harmless treatment. At the same time, a large amount of lignin in the cushion waste softens under the condition of heating, which plays a bonding role and is convenient for subsequent molding. The residence time of the material in this section is 6min.

[0073] The material enters the extrusion molding section 6. The wall of the barrel 72 in this section is not opened and is not provided with electric heating wire 75. The pressure on the material is further increased by extrusion through the screw 71 to 20MPa, and is extruded and molded into a cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption particle filler with a diameter of 8mm and a length of 15mm through a stainless steel customized die head 73. The filler has certain mechanical strength, high porosity and good adsorption performance, and can be used for odor adsorption treatment.

[0074] The horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated method using the horse manure and cushion waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment comprises the following steps:

[0075] The collected horse manure and cushion waste are pretreated: first, the particle size is controlled below 50mm by a crusher to facilitate subsequent uniform mixing and meet the feeding requirements of the high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment. Then, the metal impurities in the horse manure and cushion waste are removed by a magnetic vortex separator to reduce damage to the screw 71. Finally, the horse manure and cushion waste are fed into the high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment for subsequent treatment.

[0076] The horse manure and cushion waste enter the barrel 72 from the front end of the equipment, and are pushed into the high-temperature steam sterilization section 4 by the screw 71. The pressure on the material in this section reaches 0.13MPa. The water in the material evaporates into water vapor and the temperature is maintained at 126℃ under the action of the electric heating wire 75. The rotation speed of the screw 71 is controlled to make the residence time of the material in this section 15min, so as to kill the bacteria and highly heat-resistant spores in the mixture in a short time by taking advantage of the large latent heat and strong penetration of water vapor, and achieve the effect of high-efficiency high-temperature steam sterilization.

[0077] Subsequently, the material enters the low-temperature pyrolysis section 5, the pressure increases to 15 MPa, the water vapor in the material is discharged from the drain exhaust hole 78 on the barrel 72 to the independent space between the barrel 72 and the shell 74 of this section, and is pumped out by the vacuum pump 77 through the upper pump port. The gravity water in the material flows out from the lower opening of the barrel 72 into the lower conical shell 74 and is discharged from the device through the rotating on-off device 75. After the material is drained and exhausted for 2 min, the temperature of the material is controlled at 260°C by increasing the pressure and heating the electric heating wire 75. At this temperature, the organic components such as cellulose and hemicellulose in the horse manure are low-temperature pyrolyzed and carbonized to form a large number of pores and achieve harmlessness. A large amount of lignin in the cushioning waste softens under the condition of heating and better binds the material together. The residence time of the material in this section is about 6 min.

[0078] Finally, the material after sterilization and harmlessness enters the extrusion molding stage 6, the pressure increases to 20 MPa, the material is extruded and molded into cylindrical porous environmental protection adsorption granular filler with a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 15 mm through the customized head 73. The filler has certain mechanical strength, high porosity and good adsorption performance, and can be used for odor adsorption treatment.

[0079] The above description does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for high-temperature steam sterilization molding integration of horse manure and cushion waste material, characterized in that, The method comprises: The collected horse manure is pretreated with bedding waste; the bedding waste contains a large amount of lignin, and the mass ratio of the bedding waste to the horse manure is (3-4):1; The pretreated horse manure and the bedding waste enter a barrel through a feeding system, are pushed into a high-temperature steam sterilization section by a screw, and are sterilized by high-temperature steam obtained by pressurization and heating; the pressure of the high-temperature steam sterilization section is 0.13 MPa or higher, the temperature reaches 126 DEG C, and the residence time of the horse manure and the bedding waste in the high-temperature steam sterilization section is 10-20 min; Subsequently, the horse manure and the bedding waste enter a low-temperature pyrolysis section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section carbonizes the organic components of the horse manure to form a large number of pores and softens the lignin in the bedding to facilitate molding; the pressure of the low-temperature pyrolysis section is 15-20 MPa, the temperature rises to 200-300 DEG C after drainage and exhaust, and the residence time of the horse manure and the bedding waste at the temperature is 4-6 min; the filler is extruded and molded in an extrusion molding section, and the filler is a porous environmental protection adsorption granular filler with mechanical strength.

2. The high temperature steam sterilization molding integration process of claim 1, wherein, The pretreatment: the particle size of the horse manure and the bedding waste is controlled to be 10-50 mm by a crusher, and then metal impurities are removed by a magnetic vortex separator.

3. The high temperature steam sterilization molding integration method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, The water vapor in the horse manure and the bedding waste in the low-temperature pyrolysis section is discharged from a drainage and exhaust hole to an independent space between the barrel and the casing of the section within 1-2 min, and is pumped out by a vacuum pump through a suction hole above, and the gravity water in the horse manure and the bedding waste is discharged from a water trap to the casing; The pressure of the extrusion molding section is 20-30 MPa.

4. The horse manure and bedding waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated apparatus for use in the horse manure and bedding waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising: a horse manure and bedding waste high-temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated apparatus according to claim 3. The integrated device comprises a feeding system, a control system, a transmission system and a reaction molding system; the feeding system is communicated with the reaction molding system, the control system is connected with the transmission system, the transmission system is connected to drive the reaction molding system; the reaction molding system comprises a high-temperature steam sterilization section, a low-temperature pyrolysis section and an extrusion molding section which are integrally arranged and relatively independent, the high-temperature steam sterilization section sterilizes the microorganisms in the horse manure and the bedding waste by pressurization and heating; the low-temperature pyrolysis section carbonizes the organic components of the horse manure to form a large number of pores and softens the lignin in the bedding to facilitate molding; The filler is extruded in the extrusion molding section; the high-temperature steam sterilization section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section and the extrusion molding section share a screw, and the pitch of the screw gradually decreases from front to back.

5. The horse manure and bedding waste high temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The reaction molding system comprises a screw, a barrel, a casing, a partition, a heating device and a drainage and exhaust hole, the screw is arranged transversely in the barrel, the barrel is sleeved with the casing, and there is a space between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the barrel, the partition is arranged longitudinally in the space to sequentially divide the reaction molding system from front to back into the high-temperature steam sterilization section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section and the extrusion molding section; the high-temperature steam sterilization section and the low-temperature pyrolysis section are provided with the heating device, and the low-temperature pyrolysis section is provided with the drainage and exhaust hole.

6. The horse manure and bedding waste high temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heating device is an electric heating wire, and the electric heating wire is wound around the outer wall of the barrel in the high-temperature steam sterilization section and the low-temperature pyrolysis section; The geometric compression ratios of the screws of the high-temperature steam sterilization section, the low-temperature pyrolysis section and the extrusion molding section are respectively 2-3, 4-5 and 6-8.

7. The horse manure and bedding waste high temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water and gas exhaust holes are evenly arranged on the barrel of the low-temperature pyrolysis section, the suction hole is arranged on the upper end of the casing of the low-temperature pyrolysis section, the suction hole is connected with the vacuum pump, and the lower end of the casing of the low-temperature pyrolysis section is arranged as a lower water hopper.

8. The horse manure and bedding waste high temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower end of the lower water hopper is provided with a rotary on-off device for sealing, and the rotary on-off device is connected with the control system.

9. The horse manure and bedding waste high temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The transmission system drives the screw rod.

10. The horse manure and bedding waste high temperature steam sterilization and molding integrated apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 9, wherein The feeding system is arranged above the high-temperature steam sterilization section and communicates with the high-temperature steam sterilization section.

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