A cutter head of a shield machine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cutter head of a shield machine, which includes a moving disk and a fixed disk arranged adjacent to each other. A delivery cylinder is penetrated through the lower end of the rear surface of the fixed disk, and a spiral blade is installed in the delivery cylinder. A rotating column is coaxially and rotatably installed inside the fixed disk, and the front end of the rotating column is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk. An activity plate is slidably connected to the rear surface of the moving disk in the vertical direction. A loosening mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the outer surface of the activity plate. The front end of the rotating column is communicated with a water pipe, and the front end of the water pipe is inserted into the moving disk. Protection mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the activity plate. The water pipe is located between the protection mechanism and the activity plate. An annular guide is arranged between the rear side of the activity plate and the fixed disk. This cutter head can stir the inner side of the soil bin. When stirring, it does not affect the spiral blade to discharge soil, nor does it affect the pipeline for spraying foam agent. At the same time, it can protect the position of the pipeline to prevent soil blocks from damaging the pipeline.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a cutter head of a shield machine, belonging to the technical field of shield machines. Background Art

[0002] A shield machine is a tunnel boring machine using the shield method. Its cutter head is used to excavate the rock and soil of the heading face, stabilize the heading face, and stir the soil. In a shield in cohesive soil, due to the cohesive effect, it is easy for excessive clay to accumulate in the soil bin and it is difficult to fall and be sent away by the screw conveyor mechanism. After a long time, inner clay lumps are generated due to friction on the inner side, which further exacerbates the problem of blockage and also causes overheating of the cutter head, thus resulting in damage problems;

[0003] The existing solutions to this problem are to solve it by means of idling the cutter head, spraying foam agents, etc. When idling, a large amount of time and energy are wasted, affecting the construction progress; Foam agents are often sprayed into the shield. Since the soil adjusted by the foam has good fluidity, plasticity, and waterproof permeability, the use of foam expands the range of soils suitable for excavation by the earth pressure balance shield machine. At the same time, it greatly reduces the cutter head torque and reduces the wear of the cutters. However, it needs to be continuously sprayed into the shield face and the soil bin, with large consumption. In addition, for the clay adhering to the wall of the opposite soil bin, there is still a problem that it is difficult to discharge. When too much accumulates, it still needs to be solved in cooperation with idling, and there are still relatively large drawbacks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cutter head of a shield machine, which is used to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention: A cutter head of a shield machine includes a moving disk and a fixed disk arranged adjacent to each other. A delivery cylinder is penetrated and arranged at the lower end near the rear surface of the fixed disk. A spiral blade is installed in the delivery cylinder. A rotating column is coaxially and rotatably installed inside the fixed disk. The front end of the rotating column is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk. An activity plate is slidably connected to the rear surface of the moving disk in the vertical direction. A loosening mechanism is arranged at the lower part near the outer surface of the activity plate. The front end of the rotating column is communicated with a water pipe. The front end of the water pipe is inserted into the moving disk. Protection mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the activity plate. The water pipe is located between the protection mechanism and the activity plate. An annular guide is arranged between the rear side of the activity plate and the fixed disk.

[0006] In the cutter head of the shield machine described above, the loosening mechanism includes a plurality of scraping teeth fixedly arranged at the front and rear sides and near the lower end of the activity plate, and a plurality of through grooves are penetrated and opened on the side surface of the activity plate.

[0007] In the cutter head of the shield machine described above, the protection mechanism includes connection blocks fixedly connected to the middle parts of both side surfaces of the activity plate. The ends of the connection blocks on the same side are jointly fixedly connected to a connection frame. A plurality of rhombic columns are fixedly arranged inside the connection frame.

[0008] In the cutter head of the aforementioned shield machine, the annular guide member includes a guide ring fixedly installed on the front surface of the fixed disk and coaxial with each other, and a floating ring movably attached to the front surface of the guide ring. The front surface of the floating ring is fixedly connected to the rear edge of the movable plate. At a position near the lower end of the rear surface of the floating ring, a guide post is fixedly connected. The plane formed by the central axis of the guide post and the central axis of the floating ring vertically bisects the movable plate. An annular wave groove is formed on the front surface of the guide ring, and the shape of the annular wave groove is a closed loop formed by a sine curve. The guide post is slidably inserted into the annular wave groove, and the guide post can slide along the inner side of the annular wave groove.

[0009] In the cutter head of the aforementioned shield machine, a sliding opening is formed through the inner side of the movable plate. A sliding block is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk. A guide groove is formed through the inner side of the sliding block. The sliding block and the movable plate are slidably matched through the sliding opening and the guide groove. Cutting tips are respectively formed on the upper and lower end surfaces of the sliding block. V-shaped grooves are respectively formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the inner side of the sliding opening. When the sliding block slides, the cutting tip at one end is caught in the inner side of the V-shaped groove.

[0010] In the cutter head of the aforementioned shield machine, an inner post is fixedly arranged inside the rotating column. A sleeve ring is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating column. The front edge of the sleeve ring is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the fixed disk through a mounting flange. A plurality of water through holes are formed on the outer surface of the rotating column corresponding to the inner side of the sleeve ring. A plurality of water receiving heads are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the sleeve ring. A docking disk is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rotating column. A plurality of mounting openings are formed on the rear surface of the docking disk. Clamping edges are arranged on the front and rear edges of the sleeve ring, and the clamping edges are rotatably embedded in the outer surface of the rotating column.

[0011] In the cutter head of the aforementioned shield machine, a plurality of opening grooves are formed on the front surface of the moving disk. A plurality of hob cutters are arranged on the front surface of the moving disk at positions avoiding the opening grooves. A plurality of edge scrapers are fixedly installed near the edge of the front surface of the moving disk. A middle scraper is fixedly installed at the middle position of the front surface of the moving disk.

[0012] In the cutter head of the aforementioned shield machine, a branch pipe is fixedly clamped inside the moving disk. One end of the branch pipe is connected to a water pipe. Sprayers are respectively arranged at the other end of the branch pipe and the front end of the water pipe. A plurality of connecting frames are fixedly connected near the edge of the front surface of the rotating column. The front ends of the connecting frames are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk.

[0013] Advantages of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. This cutter head can stir the inner side of the soil bin. When stirring, it does not affect the spiral blade to discharge soil, nor does it affect the pipeline for spraying foam agent. At the same time, it can protect the pipeline position and prevent soil blocks from damaging the pipeline.

[0015] 2. During the operation of the shield tunneling machine, when the moving disk rotates, the soil chamber is located between the moving disk and the fixed disk. As the moving disk rotates, the slider drives the movable plate to rotate synchronously, causing the floating ring to move relative to the guide ring. Due to the action of the guide posts and the annular wave grooves, the movable plate makes a transverse reciprocating movement relative to the moving disk. With the help of the scraping teeth and the through grooves, the soil blocks are loosened. The reciprocating movement further enhances the effect of loosening the soil blocks, effectively preventing the problem of soil caking and avoiding congestion in the soil chamber.

[0016] 3. When the movable plate reciprocates and its lower end reaches the position of the delivery cylinder, the guide posts slide upward along the inner side of the annular wave grooves, enabling the lower end of the movable plate to cross over the delivery cylinder, preventing collision and damage with the spiral blades at the delivery cylinder. This design is reasonable and does not affect the normal soil discharge.

[0017] 4. While the movable plate reciprocates, the connecting block and the connecting frame reciprocate synchronously. The rhombic column scrapes the soil around the water pipe, loosening the surrounding soil blocks to prevent damage to the water pipe due to soil blockage during rotation. The foaming agent introduced into the water pipe is finally sprayed out through the nozzles to spray the shield face, reducing the phenomenon of clay caking. Due to the design of the movable plate and other structures in the soil chamber, the spraying of the foaming agent can be omitted, reducing consumables and costs, while ensuring the discharge of soil blocks and facilitating the soil discharge process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged view at A in

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the rotating structure of the present invention during use;

[0022] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the fixed structure of the present invention during use;

[0023] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the movable plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the enlarged view at B in

[0025] Figure 8 is a sectional view of the movable plate of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 is a sectional view of the floating plate of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 10 Partial structural sectional view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 11 is Figure 10 The enlarged view at position C in

[0029] Reference numerals: 1, moving disk; 2, opening groove; 3, hob; 4, side scraping knife; 5, middle scraping knife; 6, fixed disk; 8, guide ring; 9, floating ring; 10, annular wavy groove; 11, guide post; 12, movable plate; 13, scraping teeth; 14, through groove; 15, sliding opening; 16, slider; 17, pointed cutting head; 18, guide groove; 19, V-shaped groove; 20, connecting block; 21, connecting frame; 22, prism-shaped column; 23, rotating column; 24, docking disk; 25, inner column; 26, collar; 27, water through hole; 28, mounting flange; 29, clamping edge; 30, water connection head; 31, water pipe; 32, branch pipe; 33, nozzle; 35, delivery cylinder; 36, connecting frame; 37, mounting opening. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but it shall not be used as the basis for limiting the present invention.

[0031] Embodiment of the present invention: As Figures 1 - 11 shown, a cutter head of a shield machine includes a moving disk 1 and a fixed disk 6 arranged adjacent to each other. A delivery cylinder 35 is penetrated and arranged near the lower end of the rear surface of the fixed disk 6. A spiral blade is installed in the delivery cylinder 35, and the lower end of the spiral blade extends into the soil bin to push and discharge soil blocks. A rotating column 23 with the same axis is rotatably installed inside the fixed disk 6. The front end of the rotating column 23 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk 1. A movable plate 12 is slidably connected to the rear surface of the moving disk 1 in the vertical direction. A loosening mechanism is arranged near the lower part of the outer surface of the movable plate 12. The front end of the rotating column 23 is communicated with a water pipe 31. The front end of the water pipe 31 is inserted into the moving disk 1. Protection mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the movable plate 12. The water pipe 31 is located between the protection mechanism and the movable plate 12. An annular guide is arranged between the rear side of the movable plate 12 and the fixed disk 6.

[0032] As the moving disk 1 rotates, the annular guide drives the movable plate 12 to linearly reciprocate relative to the moving disk 1, and when the end of the movable plate 12 moves to the position of the delivery cylinder 35, it moves across the upper part thereof. This cutter head can stir the inside of the soil bin without affecting the discharge of soil by the spiral blade and the pipeline for spraying foam agent, and at the same time, it can protect the pipeline position to prevent soil blocks from damaging the pipeline.

[0033] As Figure 6 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, the loosening mechanism includes a number of scraping teeth 13 fixedly arranged at the front and rear edges of the movable plate 12 and near the lower end. A number of through slots 14 are penetrated and opened on the side surface of the movable plate 12. The scraping teeth 13 can be used to loosen the soil blocks, and the through slots 14 can enable the soil blocks to pass through from the inside. Cooperating with the reciprocating movement of the movable plate 12, a better loosening effect on the soil blocks can be achieved.

[0034] As Figure 6 、 Figure 7 shown in the figure, the protection mechanism includes connecting blocks 20 fixedly connected to the upper ends and the middle parts of the two side surfaces of the movable plate 12. The ends of the connecting blocks 20 on the same side are fixedly connected together with a connecting frame 21. A number of rhombic columns 22 are fixedly arranged inside the connecting frame 21. When the rhombic columns 22 reciprocate with the movable plate 12, they play a role in cutting open the soil blocks to prevent the soil blocks from being pushed and damaged to the water pipe 31.

[0035] As Figure 6 、 Figure 9 shown in the figure, the annular guide member includes a guide ring 8 fixedly installed on the front surface of the fixed disk 6 and coaxial with each other, and a floating ring 9 movably attached to the front surface of the guide ring 8. The front surface of the floating ring 9 is fixedly connected to the rear edge of the movable plate 12. A guide post 11 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the floating ring 9 near the lower end. The plane formed by the central axis of the guide post 11 and the central axis of the floating ring 9 vertically bisects the movable plate 12. An annular wave groove 10 is opened on the front surface of the guide ring 8. The shape of the annular wave groove 10 is a closed loop formed by a sine curve. The guide post 11 is slidably inserted into the inside of the annular wave groove 10. The guide post 11 can slide along the inside of the annular wave groove 10. The function of the floating ring 9 is to maintain a large installation area with the movable plate 12, and the installation is stable. In addition, it can cover the inside of the annular wave groove 10 to prevent the soil blocks from entering the annular wave groove 10 and causing problems with the difficult movement of the guide post 11.

[0036] As Figure 8 shown in the figure, a sliding port 15 is penetrated and opened inside the movable plate 12. A slider 16 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk 1. A guide groove 18 is penetrated and opened inside the slider 16. The slider 16 and the movable plate 12 are slidably matched through the sliding port 15 and the guide groove 18. The upper and lower end surfaces of the slider 16 are respectively provided with sharpened tips 17. V-shaped grooves 19 are respectively opened on the upper and lower inner surfaces of the sliding port 15. When the slider 16 slides, one end of the sharpened tip 17 is stuck into the inside of the V-shaped groove 19. The design of the sharpened tip 17 can cut open the soil blocks when the slider 16 moves, preventing the unsmooth movement of the slider 16. In addition, the V-shaped groove 19 can prevent the end of the sharpened tip 17 from hitting the inner wall of the sliding port 15 and being damaged.

[0037] As Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown in the figure, an inner column 25 is fixedly arranged inside the rotating column 23. The inner column 25 is used to reduce the cavity space inside the rotating column 23, so that the remaining foam dosage inside will not be excessive. A collar 26 is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating column 23. The front side of the collar 26 is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the fixed disk 6 through a mounting flange 28. A number of water through holes 27 are formed in the outer surface of the rotating column 23 corresponding to the inner side of the collar 26. A number of water receiving heads 30 are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the collar 26. A docking disk 24 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rotating column 23. A number of mounting openings 37 are formed in the rear surface of the docking disk 24. The docking disk 24 is used to dock the output shaft of the power to provide power for the rotation of the rotating column 23. The front and rear sides of the collar 26 are provided with clamping edges 29. The clamping edges 29 are rotatably embedded in the outer surface of the rotating column 23. When the rotating column 23 rotates, the collar 26 can remain stationary. When the foam agent is fed through the water receiving head 30, when the foam agent is filled into the inner side of the collar 26, it will enter the inner cavity of the rotating column 23 through the water through holes 27 and then enter from the rear end of the water pipe 31.

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, a number of opening grooves 2 are formed in the front surface of the moving disk 1. The opening grooves 2 are used to pass soil blocks. A number of hob cutters 3 are arranged on the front surface of the moving disk 1 at positions avoiding the opening grooves 2 to break hard rocks. A number of edge scrapers 4 are fixedly installed on the front surface of the moving disk 1 near the edge. A middle scraper 5 is fixedly installed at the middle position of the front surface of the moving disk 1. The edge scraper 4 and the middle scraper 5 are respectively used to assist in tunneling at the edge and the middle position.

[0039] As Figure 10 、 Figure 11 shown, a branch pipe 32 is fixedly clamped inside the moving disk 1. One end of the branch pipe 32 is docked with the water pipe 31. Nozzles 33 are respectively arranged at the other end of the branch pipe 32 and the front end of the water pipe 31, and foam agent can be sprayed at multiple positions. A number of connecting frames 36 are fixedly connected to the front surface of the rotating column 23 near the edge. The front ends of the connecting frames 36 are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk 1. When the connecting frames 36 are arranged, structures such as the movable plate 12 and the connecting frame 21 are avoided to provide space for their reciprocating movement.

[0040] In a shield tunneling machine, when the moving disk 1 rotates, shield tunneling is carried out. The soil bin is correspondingly located between the moving disk 1 and the fixed disk 6. As the moving disk 1 rotates, the slider 16 will drive the movable plate 12 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the floating ring 9 to move relative to the guide ring 8. Due to the action of the guide posts 11 and the annular wave groove 10, the movable plate 12 makes a lateral reciprocating movement relative to the moving disk 1. With the help of the scraping teeth 13 and the through groove 14, the soil blocks are loosened. Due to the effect of the reciprocating movement, the effect of loosening the soil blocks is further improved, effectively preventing the problem of soil caking and preventing the soil bin from becoming congested. When the lower end of the movable plate 12 reaches the position of the delivery cylinder 35 during the reciprocating movement, the guide posts 11 slide upward along the inner side of the annular wave groove 10, so that the lower end of the movable plate 12 can cross over the delivery cylinder 35 to prevent collision and damage with the spiral blades at the delivery cylinder 35. The design is reasonable and does not affect the normal soil discharge. While the movable plate 12 is reciprocating, the connecting block 20 and the connecting frame 21 reciprocate synchronously, and the rhombic column 22 scrapes the periphery of the water pipe 31 to loosen the surrounding soil blocks, preventing the water pipe 31 from being damaged by the soil blocks during rotation. The foaming agent introduced into the water pipe 31 is finally sprayed out through the nozzle 33 to spray the shield face, reducing the phenomenon of clay caking. Due to the design of the movable plate 12 and other structures in the soil bin, the spraying of the foaming agent can be omitted, reducing consumables and costs, while ensuring the delivery of the soil blocks and facilitating the soil discharge.

Claims

1. A cutter head of a shield machine, Characterized in that: It includes a moving disk (1) and a fixed disk (6) arranged adjacent to each other. A delivery cylinder (35) is penetrated and arranged near the lower end of the rear surface of the fixed disk (6). A spiral blade is installed in the delivery cylinder (35). A rotating column (23) is coaxially and rotatably installed inside the fixed disk (6). The front end of the rotating column (23) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk (1). An activity plate (12) is slidably connected to the rear surface of the moving disk (1) in the vertical direction. A loosening mechanism is arranged near the lower part of the outer surface of the activity plate (12). The front end of the rotating column (23) is communicated with a water pipe (31). The front end of the water pipe (31) is inserted into the moving disk (1). Protection mechanisms are arranged on both sides of the activity plate (12). The water pipe (31) is located between the protection mechanism and the activity plate (12). An annular guide is arranged between the rear side of the activity plate (12) and the fixed disk (6). The annular guide includes a guide ring (8) fixedly installed on the front surface of the fixed disk (6) and coaxial with each other, and a floating ring (9) movably attached to the front surface of the guide ring (8). The front surface of the floating ring (9) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the activity plate (12). A guide post (11) is fixedly connected near the lower end of the rear surface of the floating ring (9). The plane formed by the central axis of the guide post (11) and the central axis of the floating ring (9) vertically bisects the activity plate (12). An annular wave groove (10) is opened on the front surface of the guide ring (8). The shape of the annular wave groove (10) is a closed loop formed by a sine curve. The guide post (11) is slidably inserted into the annular wave groove (10), and the guide post (11) can slide along the inner side of the annular wave groove (10).

2. The cutter head of the shield machine according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The loosening mechanism includes a plurality of scraping teeth (13) fixedly arranged at the front and rear sides of the activity plate (12) and near the lower end. A plurality of through grooves (14) are penetrated and opened on the side surface of the activity plate (12).

3. The cutter head of the shield machine according to claim 1, Characterized in that: The protection mechanism includes connection blocks (20) fixedly connected to the middle parts of both side surfaces of the activity plate (12). The ends of the connection blocks (20) on the same side are jointly fixedly connected to a connection frame (21). A plurality of rhombic columns (22) are fixedly arranged inside the connection frame (21).

4. The cutter head of the shield machine according to claim 1, Characterized in that: A sliding opening (15) is penetrated and opened inside the activity plate (12). A sliding block (16) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk (1). A guide groove (18) is penetrated and opened inside the sliding block (16). The sliding block (16) and the activity plate (12) are slidably matched through the sliding opening (15) and the guide groove (18). Cutting pointed heads (17) are respectively opened on the upper and lower end surfaces of the sliding block (16). V-shaped grooves (19) are respectively opened on the upper and lower inner surfaces of the sliding opening (15). When the sliding block (16) slides, the cutting pointed head (17) at one end is stuck into the inner side of the V-shaped groove (19).

5. The cutter head of the shield machine according to claim 1, Characterized in that: An inner column (25) is fixedly arranged inside the rotating column (23). A collar (26) is rotatably sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating column (23). The front side of the collar (26) is fixedly connected to the rear surface of the fixed disk (6) through a mounting flange (28). A number of water through holes (27) are formed in the outer surface of the rotating column (23) corresponding to the inner side of the collar (26). A number of water receiving heads (30) are fixedly installed on the outer surface of the collar (26). A docking disk (24) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the rotating column (23). A number of mounting openings (37) are formed in the rear surface of the docking disk (24). Clamping edges (29) are arranged at the front and rear sides of the collar (26), and the clamping edges (29) are rotatably embedded in the outer surface of the rotating column (23).

6. The cutter head of the shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A number of opening grooves (2) are formed in the front surface of the moving disk (1). A number of hob cutters (3) are arranged on the front surface of the moving disk (1) at positions avoiding the opening grooves (2). A number of edge scrapers (4) are fixedly installed on the front surface of the moving disk (1) near the edge. A middle scraper (5) is fixedly installed at the middle position of the front surface of the moving disk (1).

7. The cutter head of the shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A branch pipe (32) is fixedly clamped inside the moving disk (1). One end of the branch pipe (32) is connected to a water pipe (31). Spray heads (33) are respectively arranged at the other end of the branch pipe (32) and the front end of the water pipe (31). A number of connecting frames (36) are fixedly connected to the front surface of the rotating column (23) near the edge, and the front ends of the connecting frames (36) are fixedly connected to the rear surface of the moving disk (1).

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