A long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system

Abstract

A long-distance supply station based on a solar desalination combined with a hydroponic system belongs to the field of seawater treatment technology. The solar desalination device is used to provide drinking water from desalinated seawater and provide water for the water storage and regulation system. The floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device cultivates fresh fruits and vegetables by receiving the nutrient solution provided by the water storage and regulation system. The agricultural wastewater of the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device is used as a culture medium to provide nutrients for the microalgae of the wastewater circulation device. After the microalgae purifies the agricultural wastewater, the filtrate is sent to the water storage and regulation system to realize a circulating aquaculture system with self-purification ability. The present invention only uses solar energy and seawater as energy and material sources, produces fresh water, fresh fruits and vegetables and microalgae through self-circulation, and provides nutritious meals for offshore workers. By combining the hydroponic system with the microalgae wastewater treatment technology, a closed circulation system with self-purification ability is constructed, which solves the problems of agricultural pollutant emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater treatment, and in particular relates to a long-distance supply station based on a solar seawater desalination combined with a hydroponic system. Background Art

[0002] Usually, the shelf life of fruits and vegetables is only about half a month. There is a problem of supplying fresh fruits and vegetables when ships sail long distances. In addition, the carrying and storage of fresh water resources and fresh fruits and vegetables will inevitably consume a lot of manpower and material resources, and increase the load-bearing capacity of the ship.

[0003] Hydroponic systems are currently considered one of the most effective ways to produce crops. Compared with soil farming, hydroponic plants grow 30% to 50% faster and take up relatively less space, but the high capital investment and operating costs involved in control and maintenance often hinder their field-scale application. At the same time, the discharge of agricultural wastewater has also caused serious environmental problems. Agricultural wastewater is rich in nutrients and organic pollutants, and large-scale discharge will pollute water bodies.

[0004] Solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology has made great progress. Directly converting solar energy into heat is an effective way to harvest energy and purify water, but inefficient condensation in air and high water production costs severely limit its practical application. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a long-distance supply station based on a solar desalination combined with a hydroponic system, which has a high degree of integration, adopts back-type evaporation technology and a three-dimensional structure condenser for efficient condensation, couples a solar-driven interfacial water evaporation device with a hydroponic planting system and microalgae wastewater treatment technology, realizes the coordinated utilization of renewable energy and water resources, and recycles hydroponic wastewater for microalgae cultivation, achieving a fertilizer utilization rate of nearly 100%, reducing agricultural pollutant emissions, being environmentally friendly, energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and promoting sustainable agricultural development, providing a new idea for the problem of long-distance supply of ships.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a long-distance supply station based on a solar desalination combined with hydroponic system, comprising a solar desalination device, a wastewater circulation device, a water storage and regulation system and a floating capillary hydroponic planting device; the solar desalination device is used to provide drinking water by desalinating seawater and provide water for the water storage and regulation system, the water storage and regulation system, the floating capillary hydroponic planting device and the wastewater circulation device circulate in a cycle, the floating capillary hydroponic planting device cultivates fresh fruits and vegetables by receiving nutrient solution provided by the water storage and regulation system, the agricultural wastewater of the floating capillary hydroponic planting device is used as a culture medium to provide nutrients for the microalgae of the wastewater circulation device, and the microalgae purifies the agricultural wastewater and sends the filtrate into the water storage and regulation system, thereby realizing a circulating aquaculture system with self-purification ability.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0008] 1. The present invention provides a floating long-distance supply station based on a solar desalination combined with a hydroponic system, envisions a marine floating agricultural model, and develops a follow-up supply ship subsystem. The present invention only uses solar energy and seawater as energy and material sources, and produces fresh water, fresh fruits and vegetables, and microalgae through self-circulation to provide nutritious meals for offshore workers.

[0009] 2. The present invention combines the hydroponic system with the microalgae wastewater treatment technology to construct a closed circulation system with self-purification ability, which solves the problems of agricultural pollutant emissions and promotes the development of green and sustainable agriculture.

[0010] 3. The present invention constructs a three-dimensional thorn-shaped nail array water-cooling module to enhance the tip effect of steam condensation and accelerate the heat dissipation of the condenser, thereby obtaining a solar seawater desalination device with a high water production rate.

[0011] 4. The present invention constructs a low-cost, zero-pollution, highly integrated system, which only uses solar energy and seawater to establish the freshwater cycle required for agricultural activities; the back-type interface evaporation technology combined with the three-dimensional structure of the condenser improves the solar energy-freshwater conversion efficiency; the hydroponic wastewater is recycled, and through the photosynthetic autotrophy and chemoheterotrophy of microalgae, agricultural wastewater is used as a microalgae culture medium to remove nitrogen and phosphorus, significantly improve the fertilizer utilization rate, and fix carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to mitigate the greenhouse effect. The present invention couples the solar seawater desalination device, the wastewater purification device and the hydroponic system to save freshwater resources and land resources, and constructs an offshore floating freshwater-fruit and vegetable co-production system, which solves the environmental pollution problem caused by traditional agriculture and provides a new idea for the supply of food and materials for ships on long voyages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the circulation function of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the solar seawater desalination device of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device of the present invention;

[0016] Among them: 1. Water guide; 2. Solar absorber; 3. Glass plate; 4. Spiny spike array condenser; 5. Rainwater delivery pipe; 6. PVC substrate; 7. Glass cavity; 8. Fresh water outlet; 9. Concentrated seawater tank; 10. Water level sensor; 11. Concentrated seawater outlet pipe; 12. Automatic drain valve; 13. Water storage tank; 14. Drinking water tap; 15. Liquid adjustment tank; 16. Nutrition tank; 17. Automatic mixing ratio pump; 18. Solar panel; 19. energy controller; 20. battery; 21. air pump; 22. air stone; 23. microalgae purification tube; 24. balance vent; 25. filter paper; 26. drainage pipe; 27. floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device; 271. planting trough; 272. planting cover; 273. planting cup; 274. floating plate; 275. hydrophilic fabric; 276. plant; 28. flow meter; 29. ​​solar desalination device; 30. wastewater circulation device; 31. water storage regulation system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 4 As shown, a long-distance supply station based on a solar desalination combined with hydroponic system of the present invention comprises a solar desalination device 29, a wastewater circulation device 30, a water storage and regulation system 31 and a floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27; the solar desalination device 29 is used to provide drinking water by desalinating seawater and provide water for the water storage and regulation system 31, the water storage and regulation system 31, the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 and the wastewater circulation device 30 circulate, the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 cultivates fresh fruits and vegetables by receiving the nutrient solution provided by the water storage and regulation system 31, the agricultural wastewater of the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 is used as a culture medium to provide nutrients for the microalgae of the wastewater circulation device 30, and the microalgae purifies the agricultural wastewater and sends the filtrate to the water storage and regulation system 31, thereby realizing a circulating aquaculture system with self-purification ability.

[0019] like Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the solar desalination device 29 adopts back-type evaporation technology, including a water guide member 1, a glass plate 3, a thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4, a PVC substrate 6 and a glass cavity 7; the glass cavity 7 is a rectangular structure with open ends at the upper and lower ends, and is placed in seawater. The PVC substrate 6 is horizontally laid inside the glass cavity 7 to divide the glass cavity 7 into an upper conversion cavity and a lower seawater cavity. The glass plate 3 is installed at the upper end of the glass cavity 7 to seal the conversion cavity. The thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4 and the water guide member 1 are both installed on the PVC substrate 6, both of which are in the seawater cavity at one end and the other end in the conversion cavity. Sunlight passes through the glass plate 3 to evaporate the seawater absorbed by the water guide member 1, and the evaporated gas is condensed by the thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4 and discharged through the fresh water drain port 8. The fresh water drain port 8 is arranged in the conversion cavity near the PVC substrate 6.

[0020] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, the glass plate 3 and the glass cavity 7 are both made of high-transmittance glass plates. The glass plate 3 has a V-shaped vertical cross-section. A V-shaped cavity is formed between the top surface of the glass plate 3 and the glass cavity 7, which can be used to receive rainwater. The V-shaped cavity is connected to the water storage and regulation system 31 to deliver rainwater into the water storage and regulation system 31.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 As shown, a solar absorber 2 is arranged parallelly between the glass plate 3 and the upper surface of the water guide member 1. The solar absorber 2 is composed of a photothermal element and a high thermal conductivity metal plate. The high thermal conductivity metal plate is fixed on the glass cavity 7. The upper part of the water guide member 1 is in close contact with the bottom surface of the high thermal conductivity metal plate. The photothermal element covers the single side surface of the high thermal conductivity metal plate, and the upper surface of the photothermal element faces the glass plate 3.

[0022] The photothermal element absorbs sunlight for photothermal conversion, and transfers heat to the water guide 1 through the high thermal conductivity metal plate for interface evaporation. The V-shape folded inward by the glass plate 3 can act as a convection shield to suppress convection heat loss caused by heat localization.

[0023] like Figure 3As shown, the water guide 1 is made of super-hydrophilic material, which passively absorbs water. The water guide 1 supplies seawater upward by utilizing its hydrophilicity, which can ensure continuous water supply. High-efficiency interface evaporation is performed at the part where the water guide 1 and the high-thermal-conductivity metal plate are attached. The continuous evaporation of seawater at the interface causes the salt concentration inside the super-hydrophilic material to increase sharply. Due to the super-hydrophilicity of the material, the naturally drooping part at the end will automatically drip liquid to take away the high-concentration salt accumulated in the super-hydrophilic material, avoiding surface salt accumulation. Therefore, the main body of the water guide 1 is Y-shaped, and the two ends of the upper part of the Y-shaped naturally droop down. The water diversion member 1 is vertical, and two concentrated seawater tanks 9 are arranged below the naturally drooping part of the water diversion member 1. The two concentrated seawater tanks 9 are fixed inside the glass cavity 7 to receive the concentrated seawater dripping from the naturally drooping part of the water diversion member 1. A trigger water level sensor 10 is arranged on the two concentrated seawater tanks 9. Each concentrated seawater tank 9 is externally connected to a plurality of concentrated seawater discharge pipes 11. When the amount of accumulated liquid reaches a set value, the liquid level triggers the water level sensor 10, and the automatic discharge valve 12 on the concentrated seawater discharge pipe 11 is opened, and the accumulated liquid is discharged into the seawater layer through the concentrated seawater discharge pipe 11.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, the thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4 is a plurality of thorn-shaped nail structures made of high thermal conductivity materials, which become a condenser with a three-dimensional structure, installed on the PVC substrate 6, the lower part is in contact with the seawater layer, and the upper part is exposed in the conversion chamber, so as to timely transfer the condensation latent heat released by the condensation of the upper part of the steam to the low-temperature seawater layer, increase the temperature difference, and accelerate the condensation. Compared with the traditional plate condenser, the thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4 concentrates the local steam flux at the tip of the cone, realizes the enhancement of droplet nucleation, promotes the formation and growth of droplets, realizes efficient condensation, and quickly releases heat to the seawater layer through the high thermal conductivity thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4, achieving an unprecedented high water production rate. At the same time, the enhancement of the condensation effect reduces the steam diffusion resistance, accelerates the condensation of water vapor in the conversion chamber of the glass chamber 7, and plays a positive role in the evaporation rate of the interface seawater. The glass chamber 7 serves as the main frame of the solar seawater desalination device 29; the fresh water discharge port 8 is connected to the water storage tank 13 through a pipeline; and the fresh water gathered on the surface of the PVC substrate 6 is discharged in time.

[0025] The PVC substrate 6 is horizontally fixed in the lower middle part of the glass cavity 7, and a gap is formed at the midline to allow the super-hydrophilic material to pass through.

[0026] like Figure 1As shown, the wastewater circulation device 30 includes a microalgae purification tube 23, a balance vent 24, an air pump 21, an air stone 22, a filter paper 25 and a drainage pipe 26; the microalgae purification tube 23 is cylindrical, the interior of which is used for microalgae cultivation, and is connected to the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 through a pipeline. The microalgae purification tube 23 serves as a culture chamber, regularly receives and treats agricultural wastewater from the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27, and after purification by microalgae growth, the treated filtrate is discharged into the liquid regulating tank 15 of the water storage and regulation system 31 for the next circulation. The air stone 22 is placed inside the microalgae purification tube 23 to refine the bubbles, and at the same time, the environment inside the microalgae purification tube 23 forms a turbulent state suitable for the reproduction of microalgae, thereby accelerating the wastewater purification rate. The air pump 21 is connected to the air stone 22 through an air pipe to pump air into the microalgae purification tube 23 to provide raw material carbon dioxide for photosynthesis of the microalgae. The balance vent 24 is located at the top of the microalgae purification tube 23 to connect the microalgae purification tube 23 with the atmosphere to balance the air pressure. The drain pipe 26 is located at the bottom of the microalgae purification tube 23 and is funnel-shaped. The flow surface of the drain pipe 26 is covered with filter paper 25 to intercept microalgae. In the process of discharging filtrate from the drain pipe 26, the microalgae are separated from the water body, and the microalgae are harvested or reused. The drain pipe 26 is connected to the liquid regulating tank 15 through a pipeline to regularly discharge the treated filtrate into the liquid regulating tank 15 to form a recycling of water resources.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the water storage and regulation system 31 includes a rainwater delivery pipe 5, a water storage tank 13, a drinking water tap 14, a liquid regulating pool 15, a nutrient tank 16 and an automatic mixing ratio pump 17; the water storage tank 13 is placed in front of the solar seawater desalination device 29, and is connected to the conversion chamber of the solar seawater desalination device 29 through the fresh water discharge port 8 to collect fresh water. Pure distilled water is stored in the water storage tank 13, which is connected to the drinking water tap 14 and the liquid regulating pool 15 through pipelines, on the one hand, it can provide drinking fresh water for offshore workers; on the other hand, it is controlled by a one-way valve to dynamically adjust the amount of water in the liquid regulating pool 15. The two ends of the rainwater delivery pipe 5 are respectively connected to the groove on the top of the glass cavity 7 and the liquid regulating pool 15. During natural precipitation, the V-shaped groove on the top of the glass cavity 7 receives rainwater, and the rainwater flows into the liquid regulating pool 15 through the rainwater delivery pipe 5 as a supplementary water source for the hydroponic planting system. The liquid conditioning tank 15 is a closed cubic structure, serving as the hub of the water circulation system. It is connected to the water storage tank 13 through a one-way valve, connected to the discharge pipe 26 of the microalgae purification pipe 23 through a timed drain valve, connected to the floating capillary hydroponic planting device 27 through a controller and a flow meter 28, and connected to the nutrient tank 16 storing concentrated nutrient solution through an automatic mixing ratio pump 17.

[0028] like Figure 4As shown, the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 includes a planting trough 271, a planting cover plate 272, a planting cup 273, a floating plate 274, a hydrophilic fabric 275 and a plant 276; the planting trough 271 serves as the main frame of the hydroponic system, and is paved with a polyethylene film inside, and is connected to the liquid regulating tank 15 through a pipeline. The nutrient solution after proportioning from the liquid regulating tank 15 is regularly received by the flow meter 28 for crop growth. The planting cup 273 is provided with a planting hole and covers the planting trough 271. The floating plate 274 is fixed in the planting trough 271 at a distance of 5 from the bottom surface. ~7cm, preferably 6cm, a layer of hydrophilic fabric is covered on the floating plate 274, and the two sides of the hydrophilic fabric extend into the nutrient solution in the planting trough 271. Through capillary action, the floating plate 274 is always kept moist, and the plant is planted in the planting cup 273. The planting cup 273 is fixed on the planting cover 272, and the floating plate 274 in the planting trough 271 is sandwiched in the middle. After the plant root system extends from the hole of the planting cup 273, part of the root climbs and grows on the floating plate 274, generating root hairs to absorb oxygen, and part of the root extends into the nutrient solution to absorb water and nutrients. The planting cover 272 is installed above the planting trough 271.

[0029] The floating capillary hydroponic planting device 27 adopts plant root division technology to create an oxygen-rich environment for the roots; the nutrient solution in the planting trough 271 is deep, the root environment is stable, and there is no need to frequently replace the nutrient solution, so it is suitable as a hydroponic module of this system.

[0030] The floating capillary hydroponic planting device 27 is connected to the microalgae purification pipe through valves and pipelines, and the culture solution is replaced regularly and quantitatively to provide a nutritious and stable growth environment for crops.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic power generation system provides power support for the water storage and regulation system 31, the wastewater circulation device 30, and the floating capillary hydroponic planting device 27; the photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar panel 18, a solar controller 19 and a battery 20; the solar panel 18 is placed on the top of the liquid regulating tank 15, and is connected to electric equipment such as the air pump 21, the flow meter 28, and the automatic drain valve 12 through the solar controller 19 and the line; the solar controller 19 and the battery 20 are installed on the side of the liquid regulating tank 15 for power regulation and storage of electrical energy.

[0032] Photovoltaic power generation systems collect solar energy on sunny or cloudy days and convert it into electrical energy for direct power supply and storage, providing driving force for electric devices such as air pumps and automatic control valves.

[0033] The method of using the present invention:

[0034] Before specific use, photothermal elements and super-hydrophilic materials are reasonably selected to ensure the best desalination efficiency. The glass cavity 7 is designed to have a certain inclination angle, which can collect rainwater and discharge it into the water storage tank 13 through the rainwater delivery pipe 5. Activated carbon is added to the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 to remove plant root secretions without changing the concentration of inorganic ions in the nutrient solution to prevent plant root rot. The nutrient solution of the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 should be replaced regularly to ensure the normal growth of crops. Reasonable selection of microalgae species and filter paper 25 materials ensures that the residual nutrients in agricultural wastewater are removed and the loss of microalgae is avoided when discharging the filtrate.

[0035] During operation on sunny days, sunlight passes through the glass plate 3, is absorbed by the solar absorber 2 and converted into heat energy. The water guide 1 absorbs seawater from the seawater cavity at the bottom of the device and transports it to the surface of the solar absorber 2 for efficient interface evaporation. The naturally drooping part of the water guide 1 takes away the high-concentration salt ions in time, and the dripping concentrated seawater gathers in the concentrated seawater tank 9. After reaching a certain amount, the water level sensor 10 is triggered and the automatic drain valve 12 is controlled to open, so that the concentrated seawater is discharged into the seawater layer along the concentrated seawater drain pipe 11. The water vapor inside the conversion cavity of the glass cavity 7 condenses on the surface of the thorn-shaped nail array condenser 4, flows along the nail column to the PVC substrate 6 under the action of gravity, and finally gathers in the water tank 13. The water tank 13 has a pipe opening on the side, and drinking water can be obtained through the drinking water tap 13. It is connected to the solar seawater desalination device 29 through a pipeline, and the dynamic replenishment of the liquid regulating pool water is controlled by a one-way valve.

[0036] After setting, the nutrient tank 16 releases the concentrated nutrient solution quantitatively through the automatic mixing ratio pump 17 according to the amount of water entering and leaving the liquid adjustment pool 15, forming a uniform nutrient solution suitable for crop growth in the liquid adjustment pool 15. The flow meter 28 valve is controlled to open periodically so that the nutrient solution in the liquid adjustment pool 15 flows quantitatively into the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27. Due to the consumption of plant growth and natural evaporation loss, the liquid adjustment pool 15 dynamically replenishes the nutrient solution to the hydroponic planting device, and the plants can grow normally with sufficient fresh water and nutrient solution. When the liquid in the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 is not suitable for plant growth, the valve of the hydroponic planting device is opened, and the agricultural wastewater flows into the microalgae purification pipe 23 through the pipeline.

[0037] In the wastewater circulation device 30, suitable algae species are cultivated inside the microalgae purification tube 23, and an air stone 22 is placed at the bottom. The air stone 22 is connected to the external air pump 21 through an air pipe, and the air pump 21 is powered by a solar panel 18 placed on the top of the liquid adjustment tank 15. The agricultural wastewater discharged by the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device 27 is used as a culture medium to provide nutrients for the reproduction of microalgae in the microalgae purification tube 23. The microalgae grow in a mixed culture, perform photosynthesis under the conditions of sufficient light, carbon dioxide, and water, and fix carbon dioxide in the air; in a dark environment or under insufficient light, perform chemoheterotrophy, metabolize organic matter in agricultural wastewater, and perform efficient nitrogen fixation and phosphorus removal. After a certain period of treatment, the concentration of pollutants in the agricultural wastewater is greatly reduced, and the suspended microalgae are intercepted by the filter paper 25, and the filtrate is transported to the liquid adjustment tank 15 for the next round of water circulation. The entire system combines the seawater layer to construct a complete closed water circulation loop, and zero pollutant emissions during operation.

[0038] It is to be understood that the present invention is described by some embodiments, and it is known to those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions may be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. In addition, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments may be modified to adapt to specific circumstances and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system, characterized by: The invention comprises a solar desalination device (29), a wastewater circulation device (30), a water storage and regulation system (31) and a floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27); the solar desalination device (29) is used to desalinate seawater to provide drinking water and to provide water for the water storage and regulation system (31); the water storage and regulation system (31), the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27) and the wastewater circulation device (30) are circulated; the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27) cultivates fresh fruits and vegetables by receiving nutrient solution provided by the water storage and regulation system (31); the agricultural wastewater of the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27) is used as a culture medium to provide nutrients for the microalgae of the wastewater circulation device (30); the microalgae purifies the agricultural wastewater and then sends the filtrate to the water storage and regulation system (31), thereby realizing a circulating aquaculture system with self-purification capability. The solar seawater desalination device (29) comprises a water guide member (1), a glass plate (3), a thorn-shaped nail array condenser (4), a PVC substrate (6) and a glass chamber (7); the glass chamber (7) is a rectangular parallelepiped structure with upper and lower ends open and is placed in seawater; the PVC substrate (6) is horizontally laid inside the glass chamber (7) to divide the glass chamber (7) into an upper conversion chamber and a lower seawater chamber; the glass plate (3) is mounted on the upper end of the glass chamber (7) to seal the conversion chamber; the thorn-shaped nail array condenser (4) and the water guide member (1) are both mounted on the PVC substrate (6); both have one end in the seawater chamber and the other end in the conversion chamber; sunlight passes through the glass plate (3) to evaporate seawater absorbed by the water guide member (1); the evaporated water vapor is condensed by the thorn-shaped nail array condenser (4) and then discharged through a fresh water discharge port (8); the fresh water discharge port (8) is arranged in the conversion chamber near the PVC substrate (6).

2. According to claim 1, a long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system is characterized by: The glass plate (3) and the glass cavity (7) are both made of a high-transmittance glass plate. The glass plate (3) has a V-shaped vertical cross-section. A V-shaped cavity is formed between the top surface of the glass plate (3) and the glass cavity (7) and can be used to receive rainwater. The V-shaped cavity is connected to the water storage and regulation system (31) to deliver rainwater into the water storage and regulation system (31).

3. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 2 is characterized by: A solar absorber (2) is arranged parallel to the glass plate (3) and the upper surface of the water guide member (1); the solar absorber (2) is composed of a photothermal element and a high thermal conductivity metal plate; the high thermal conductivity metal plate is fixed to the glass cavity (7); the upper portion of the water guide member (1) is in close contact with the bottom surface of the high thermal conductivity metal plate; the photothermal element covers a single side surface of the high thermal conductivity metal plate; and the upper surface of the photothermal element faces the glass plate (3).

4. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 3 is characterized by: The water guide member (1) is made of a super-hydrophilic material. The main body of the water guide member (1) is Y-shaped, and the two ends of the upper part of the Y-shape droop naturally. Two concentrated seawater tanks (9) are arranged below the naturally drooping part of the water guide member (1). The two concentrated seawater tanks (9) are fixed inside the glass chamber (7) and receive concentrated seawater dripping from the naturally drooping part of the water guide member (1). A trigger water level sensor (10) is arranged on each of the two concentrated seawater tanks (9). Each concentrated seawater tank (9) is externally connected to a plurality of concentrated seawater discharge pipes (11). When the amount of accumulated liquid reaches a set value, the liquid level triggers the water level sensor (10), and the automatic discharge valve (12) on the concentrated seawater discharge pipe (11) is opened, and the accumulated liquid is discharged into the seawater layer through the concentrated seawater discharge pipe (11).

5. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thorn-shaped spike array condenser (4) is a plurality of thorn-shaped spike structures made of a high thermal conductivity material.

6. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wastewater circulation device (30) comprises a microalgae purification pipe (23), a balanced vent (24), an air pump (21), an air stone (22), filter paper (25) and a liquid discharge pipe (26); the interior of the microalgae purification pipe (23) is used for microalgae cultivation, and is connected to the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27) through a pipeline, receives and processes agricultural wastewater from the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27), and after purification by microalgae growth, discharges the treated filtrate into the liquid regulating tank (15) of the water storage and regulating system (31) for next circulation; the air stone (22) is placed in the water storage and regulating system (31) Inside the microalgae purification tube (23), the air pump (21) is connected to the air stone (22) via an air pipe, and air is pumped into the microalgae purification tube (23) to provide carbon dioxide as a raw material for photosynthesis of the microalgae. The balance vent (24) is located at the top of the microalgae purification tube (23). The drainage tube (26) is located at the bottom of the microalgae purification tube (23), and the flow surface of the drainage tube (26) is covered with filter paper (25) to intercept the microalgae. The drainage tube (26) is connected to the liquid regulating tank (15) via a pipeline, and the treated filtrate is regularly discharged into the liquid regulating tank (15), thereby forming a recycling of water resources.

7. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water storage and regulation system (31) comprises a rainwater delivery pipe (5), a water storage tank (13), a drinking water tap (14), a liquid regulating tank (15), a nutrient tank (16) and an automatic mixing ratio pump (17); the water storage tank (13) is connected to the conversion chamber of the solar seawater desalination device (29) via a fresh water discharge port (8) to collect fresh water; the water storage tank (13) is connected to the drinking water tap (14) and the liquid regulating tank (15) via pipelines; the two ends of the rainwater delivery pipe (5) are respectively connected to the top groove of the glass chamber (7) and the liquid regulating tank (15); the liquid regulating tank (15) is a closed cubic structure and is connected to the nutrient tank (16) storing concentrated nutrient solution via an automatic mixing ratio pump (17).

8. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27) comprises a planting trough (271), a planting cover plate (272), a planting cup (273), a floating plate (274), a hydrophilic fabric (275) and a plant (276); the planting trough (271) is connected to the liquid regulating tank (15) via a pipeline, and is regulated by a flow meter (28) to regularly receive a nutrient solution after proportioning from the liquid regulating tank (15) for crop growth; the planting cup (273) is provided with a planting hole and covers the planting trough (271); the floating plate (274) is fixed in the planting trough (271) at a distance of 5 to 7 cm from the bottom surface, and the floating plate (274) covers the surface of the planting trough (271). A layer of hydrophilic fabric is covered, and both sides of the hydrophilic fabric extend into the nutrient solution in the planting trough (271). Through capillary action, the floating plate (274) is always kept moist. The plant is planted in the planting cup (273). The planting cup (273) is fixed on the planting cover plate (272) and the floating plate (274) in the planting trough (271) is sandwiched in the middle. After the plant root system extends from the hole of the planting cup (273), part of the root climbs and grows on the floating plate (274) to produce root hairs to absorb oxygen, and part of the root extends into the nutrient solution to absorb water and nutrients. The planting cover plate (272) is installed above the planting trough (271).

9. The long-distance supply station based on solar desalination combined with hydroponic system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The long-distance supply station based on the solar desalination combined with hydroponic system also includes a photovoltaic power generation system, which provides power support for the water storage and regulation system (31), the wastewater circulation device (30), and the floating plate capillary hydroponic planting device (27); the photovoltaic power generation system includes a solar panel (18), a solar controller (19), and a battery (20); the solar panel (18) is placed on the top of the liquid regulating tank (15), and is connected to the air pump (21), the flow meter (28), and the automatic drain valve (12) through the solar controller (19) and the line, and the solar panel (18) stores the converted electricity in the battery (20).

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