A prestress-adjustable cable-stayed dome with service life and a method for adjusting the prestress.

Abstract

A chord-supported dome with adjustable prestress during service period comprises: a lattice shell, a tensegrity structure and a support, wherein the rods in the lattice shell are connected by welded ball nodes, and the tensegrity structure comprises annular cables, radial cables, struts, upper nodes of the struts, lower nodes of the struts and annular cable connection nodes; the annular cables and radial cables are both composed of double-ear anchors, pins, adjustment sleeves, bidirectional adjustment screws and cable bodies; the struts are composed of top universal hinges, round steel pipes with built-in threads and bidirectional adjustment screws; the upper nodes of the struts connect the lattice shell rods, struts and radial cables; the lower nodes of the struts connect the struts, circumferential cables and radial cables; the annular cable connection nodes connect different cable sections of the same circle of circumferential cables; the circumferential cables, radial cables and lower nodes of the struts are respectively provided with matching tensioning tools. The present invention not only realizes adjustable prestress during service period, and can perform multiple prestress compensation, but also has simple construction and operation, and the tensioning tools can be standardized in design and manufacture to ensure efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building structures, and in particular to a suspensory dome with adjustable prestress during service life and a prestress adjustment method. Background Art

[0002] The suspension-dome structure is composed of an upper lattice shell and a lower tensegrity structure, and is a structural system that combines rigidity and flexibility. The lobby roof of the Tianjin Free Trade Zone Business Center is the first suspension-dome structure in my country, which was completed in 2001. In the following 20 years, the suspension-dome structure has developed rapidly and has been widely used in large-span public buildings such as stadiums, convention and exhibition centers, museums, and airport stations.

[0003] At present, the cable components commonly used in engineering projects are subjected to large tension for a long time after being tensioned to the designed prestress. The creep effect leads to the accumulation of plastic deformation, which leads to cable tension relaxation. The prestress level of the cable in the suspensory dome will affect the mechanical properties of the overall structure. In the future, a large number of suspensory dome structures will be in service for a long time, and their cable force compensation is one of the most important issues.

[0004] There are three main methods for applying prestress to suspension domes: jacking strut method, tensioning hoop cables and tensioning radial cables. Suspension domes in engineering often only support one method of applying prestress. At the same time, the nodes of suspension domes lack structural settings for prestress compensation during service life. Although some cables will reserve adjustable sections at the cable ends for easy tensioning when leaving the factory, the adjustable sections may be exhausted during tensioning construction.

[0005] At present, the prestressing adjustment of the suspension-dome is not only limited in capacity and single in adjustment method, but also extremely inconvenient to install the tensioning tooling. In order to facilitate multiple adjustments of prestressing during the service period and extend the service life of the structure, it is necessary to propose a new type of suspension-dome structure that is convenient to construct and universal, improve the key nodes, and design supporting tensioning tooling.

[0006] Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the prior art, the designers of this case, relying on their many years of experience in this industry, actively researched and improved, and thus came up with the present invention, a suspender dome with adjustable prestress during service life and a prestress adjustment method. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life in view of the defects in the prior art, such as limited prestress adjustment capacity and single adjustment method, and extremely inconvenient installation of tensioning tooling.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for adjusting the prestress of a suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service, in view of the defects in the prior art that the prestress adjustment of the suspension-dome is not only limited in capacity and single in adjustment method, but also extremely inconvenient in installation of tensioning tooling.

[0009] To achieve the first purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a suspensory dome with adjustable prestress during service life, the suspensory dome with adjustable prestress during service life comprising: a lattice shell, a tensioned integral structure and a support, the rods in the lattice shell are connected by welded ball nodes, the tensioned integral structure comprises annular cables, radial cables, struts, upper nodes of the struts, lower nodes of the struts and annular cable connection nodes; the annular cables and radial cables are both composed of double-ear anchors, pins, adjustment sleeves, bidirectional adjustment screws and cable bodies; the struts are composed of top universal hinges, round steel pipes with built-in threads and bidirectional adjustment screws; the upper nodes of the struts connect the lattice shell rods, struts and radial cables; the lower nodes of the struts connect the struts, circumferential cables and radial cables; the annular cable connection nodes connect different cable sections of the same circle of circumferential cables; matching tensioning tooling is respectively provided at the circumferential cables, radial cables and lower nodes of the struts.

[0010] Optionally, the annular cable and the radial cable are both fixed at one end and adjustable at the other end, and an adjusting sleeve and a bidirectional adjusting screw are provided at the adjusting end; a bidirectional adjusting screw is provided at the lower end of the support rod to adjust the height.

[0011] Optionally, a ball node is welded at the node on the support rod, and a stiffening rib is welded at the bottom end, and the stiffening rib is connected to the universal hinge at the top end of the support rod; a radial cable connecting ear plate is welded on the outside of the welded ball node, and is connected to the double-ear anchor at the adjusting end of the radial cable through a pin shaft; a plurality of pin shaft holes and tooling holes are reserved on the radial cable connecting ear plate, and a patch plate is provided for local reinforcement.

[0012] Optionally, a fork-ear type tensioning tool is further provided, and the fork-ear type tensioning tool is connected to the node ear plate on the support rod through the tooling pin and the single ears on the left and right sides, and the threaded steel bar at the end of the single ear passes through the load-bearing frame and the through-type jack and is fixed by an anchor nut.

[0013] Optionally, the matching component of the load-bearing frame is butted against one end of the adjusting sleeve adjacent to the cable body and fixed with a through-screw rod.

[0014] Optionally, the main body of the ring cable discontinuous node serving as the lower node of the strut is made of cast steel, the middle part of the cast steel is a cast steel sleeve, the inner wall of the cast steel sleeve is provided with threads and is connected to a bidirectional adjusting screw, two ring cable connecting ear plates and two radial cable connecting ear plates are symmetrically distributed around the cast steel, the ring cable connecting ear plate is connected to the adjustable end of the annular cable through a pin, two pin holes and two tooling holes are prefabricated on the ring cable connecting ear plate, and a plate is welded around the pin hole for local reinforcement, the radial cable connecting ear plate is connected to the fixed end of the radial cable through a pin, and only one pin hole is provided on the radial cable connecting ear plate.

[0015] Optionally, as the hoop cable discontinuous node of the lower node of the strut, the prestressed tensioning tooling of the hoop cable adopts a fork-ear type tooling, and the jacking strut construction is equipped with a double-bearing frame tensioning tooling. The tooling is connected by threaded steel to connect the upper and lower bearing frames, and the jack is placed between the lower bearing frame and the bottom end of the strut. After the jacking, the force is applied to the strut through the pad.

[0016] Optionally, the continuous node serving as the lower node of the support pole includes a cast steel cable clamp, a cast steel sleeve with an internal thread and a radial cable connecting ear plate. The cast steel cable clamp is provided with holes for facilitating the insertion of threaded steel. The cast steel sleeve with an internal thread passes through the cast steel cable clamp and is welded to the cast steel cable clamp, and is connected to the upper round steel pipe with an internal thread through a two-way adjusting screw. The radial cable connecting ear plate is welded to the side of the cast steel cable clamp, and is connected to the double-ear anchor of the radial cable fixed end through a pin shaft. The cable body passes through the cast steel cable clamp without being interrupted at the lower node of the support pole. The upper and lower cast steel cable clamps are fixed by bolts, and the cast steel cable clamps have prefabricated tooling holes.

[0017] Optionally, a load-bearing frame type tensioning tooling is further provided, the threaded steel bar passes through the reserved tooling hole on the cast steel cable clamp, the upper end is anchored to the upper surface of the cast steel cable clamp, the lower end is anchored to the lower surface of the load-bearing frame, the jack is placed between the lower load-bearing frame and the bottom end of the support rod, and after the top is ejected, a force is applied to the support rod through a pad.

[0018] Optionally, the annular cable segments of the same circle are connected via an annular cable connection node, and the annular cable connection node connects the adjustable ends of the annular cable segments via a connecting plate and a pin shaft, and two pin shaft holes are reserved on the connecting plate and a plate reinforcement is provided.

[0019] Optionally, a double-load-bearing frame tensioning tooling is further provided, wherein the load-bearing frame is arranged on the outside of the adjusting sleeve of the adjustable section of the annular cable, and the threaded steel bar passes through the load-bearing frames on the left and right sides of the node, two limit steel plates and a through-type jack and is fixed with anchor nuts.

[0020] Optionally, the threads at both ends of the bidirectional adjustment screws of the annular cable and the radial cable connected to the strut are arranged in opposite directions, and rotating the bidirectional adjustment screws can shorten or lengthen the distance between the adjustment sleeves or round steel pipes on both sides.

[0021] Optionally, the distance from the pin hole far away from the welded ball node to the edge of the radial cable connecting ear plate is smaller than the spacing between the pin holes.

[0022] Optionally, a thread is provided on the inner side of the end of the double-ear anchor connected to the bidirectional adjustment screw.

[0023] Optionally, tooling holes are reserved on the connecting ear plate and the cast steel cable clamp.

[0024] To achieve the second purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a prestress adjustment method for a suspension dome with adjustable prestress during service. The prestress compensation during the service period includes at least two of the following methods: adjusting the bidirectional adjustment screw at the end of the radial cable, rotating the bidirectional adjustment screw under the strut, replacing the pin hole through which the radial cable anchor pin passes at the upper node of the strut, and replacing the pin hole through which the circumferential cable pin passes at the lower node of the strut.

[0025] In summary, the present invention solves the problem that the existing suspension-dome cable end adjustment section cannot adjust the prestress during the service life after the tensioning construction is exhausted through innovative design of the key nodes of the new suspension-dome; through node construction measures, the annular cables, radial cables and struts in the same suspension-dome can all achieve prestress adjustment, providing multiple prestress compensation opportunities for the suspension-dome structure during its service life; at the same time, an innovative method of replacing the pin shaft ear plate connection hole for prestress compensation is proposed, which is simple to construct and operate, and tensioning tooling corresponding to each prestress adjustment method is designed, realizing standardized design of the tooling, and the tooling holes reserved in the ear plate and cable clamp in advance can facilitate the prestress compensation operation during the service life and ensure efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 The figure shows a side view of the suspensory dome with adjustable prestress during service life according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the node structure on the support rod of the suspensory dome of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure of the intermittent type node of the ring cable under the support rod node scheme;

[0029] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-hole ear plate;

[0030] Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the fork-ear type tensioning tool provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the load-bearing frame in the tensioning tool provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a double-load-bearing frame tensioning tooling structure suitable for the lower node of the ring cable intermittent strut;

[0033] Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the double-ring continuous node structure of the node scheme under the brace of the present invention;

[0034] Fig. 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a load-bearing frame type tensioning tooling applicable to the lower node of the continuous ring cable type strut;

[0035] Fig.10 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the ring cable connection node structure provided by the present invention;

[0036] Fig.11 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the double-load-bearing frame tensioning tooling structure suitable for ring cable connection nodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to explain the technical content, structural features, objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following will be described in detail with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0038] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 1 Shown is a side view of a suspensory dome with adjustable prestress during service life according to the present invention. Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the upper node of the strut of the suspension-dome of the present invention. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life is composed of an upper lattice shell 1, a tensegrity structure 2 and a support 3. The upper lattice shell 1 includes rods 10 and welded ball nodes 11 that connect the rods 10 to each other. The tensegrity structure 2 includes annular cables 4, radial cables 5, struts 6, upper nodes 7 of the struts, lower nodes 8 of the struts and annular cable connection nodes 9. During the construction process, the upper lattice shell 1 is assembled first, and the lower tensegrity structure 2 is installed after the upper lattice shell 1 is connected to the support 3. Finally, the tensioning construction is carried out after the circumferential cables 4 and the radial cables 5 are installed in place.

[0039] As a specific embodiment, the annular cable 4 and radial cable 5 involved in the present invention are both fixed at one end and adjustable at the other end, and are composed of a double-ear anchor 12, a pin 13, an adjusting sleeve 14, a first bidirectional adjusting screw 15 and a cable body 16. The first bidirectional adjusting screw 15 can be rotated to change the size of the cable force during the tensioning construction or service period. During the factory prefabrication process of the annular cable 4 and the radial cable 5, the fixed end and the adjustable end anchor are different. The adjustable end anchor includes a double-ear end and a screw end, and the inner wall of the screw end is provided with a thread. The fixed end anchor is only provided with a double-ear end, and the other end is directly connected to the cable body 16. The thread directions at both ends of the first bidirectional adjusting screw 15 are opposite, and are respectively the same as the thread directions of the adjusting sleeve 14 and the screw end of the double-ear anchor 12. The matching pin 13 at the adjustable end of the cable body 16 ensures that it is easy to disassemble through structural measures.

[0040] See also Figure 3 , and refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3The diagram shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermittent node of the ring cable under the support rod. The support rod 6 is composed of a universal hinge 18, a round steel pipe 19 with internal threads and a second bidirectional adjustment screw 20 from top to bottom from the end connected to the welded ball node 11. During the tensioning construction or service period, the length of the support rod 6 can be adjusted by rotating the second bidirectional adjustment screw 20 to change the prestress of the structure.

[0041] See also Figure 4 , and refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The diagram shows the structure of the porous ear plate. The node 7 on the strut connects the lattice rod 10, the strut 6 and the radial cable 5. The forming process is as follows: after the construction of the upper lattice shell 1 is completed, the first stiffening rib 17 is welded below the welded ball node 11, and the first stiffening rib 17 is connected to the universal hinge 18 at the top of the strut 6 by welding. The radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is symmetrically welded on the side of the welded ball node 11, and is connected to the adjustable end of the radial cable 5 through the pin 13. A pin hole 23 is prefabricated on the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 according to the designed cable force, and a plate 24 is welded around the pin hole 23 for local reinforcement, and a tooling hole 28 is set on the radial cable connecting ear plate 21. When installing the radial cable 5, the pin 13 should be first inserted into the pin hole 23 of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 away from the welded ball node 11.

[0042] More specifically, the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is provided with a plurality of tooling holes 28 and a pin hole 23 used in conjunction with the pin 13. The design method of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is as follows:

[0043] In a non-limiting manner, the tension on the radial cable connecting lug 21 is defined as , the diameter of the pin hole 23 is , the center distance of the pin hole 23 is , the diameter of tooling hole 28 is , the center distance of the tooling holes is , the diameter of the plate 24 is , radial cable connecting ear plate 21 thickness , the thickness of the plate 24 is The radial cable connecting the pin hole 23 on the ear plate 21 is , the end distance on the plate 24 is The margins of the pin hole 23 and the tooling hole 28 on the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 are respectively , , the calculated width of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is During the design process, it is assumed that the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 and the plate 24 are firmly connected by welding, and will not be separated under the action of axial force, and can maintain coordinated force.

[0044] Pin hole 23 diameter and tooling hole 28 diameter Shear strength requirements should be met:

[0045]

[0046] The thickness of the radial cable connecting lug plate 21 is determined according to the pin bearing pressure strength at the tooling hole 28:

[0047]

[0048] Determine the thickness of the plate 24 based on the bearing pressure strength of the pin at the pin hole 23:

[0049]

[0050] Referring to the relevant provisions of the "Steel Structure Design Standard", the side distance and end distance of each hole meet the following structural requirements:

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] Considering the strength of the plate 24 and the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 respectively, the splitting strength of the end of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is calculated as follows:

[0054]

[0055] In order to prevent shear failure in the middle area of ​​the pin hole 23, preferably, the distance from the pin hole 23 away from the welded ball node 11 to the edge of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is smaller than the spacing between the pin holes 23. At the same time, when the splitting occurs in the middle area of ​​the pin hole 23, it can be approximately equivalent to the tensile failure of the steel plate, and its strength is verified by the allowable stress. In summary, the spacing of the pin holes 23 is determined by the following formula: :

[0056]

[0057] Considering the shear area of ​​the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 and the plate 24 respectively, the shear strength of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is calculated as follows:

[0058]

[0059] As a person skilled in the art can easily know, the radial cable connecting the ear plate 21 at the three sections A, B, and C should all meet the net section tensile strength requirements. For the AA section, the calculated width of the radial cable connecting the ear plate 21 and the plate 24 is , It can be calculated as follows:

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] The net section tensile strength calculation formula of AA section is:

[0063]

[0064] To ensure the tensile strength at the BB section, the size of the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 at the section is The following formula should be satisfied:

[0065]

[0066] The CC section must meet the tensile strength requirements and be convenient for the installation of the tensioning tooling. Therefore, the spacing between the tooling holes 28 needs to be larger than the diameter of the plate 24. The spacing between the tooling holes 28 is determined by the following formula:

[0067]

[0068] According to the above formula, the design of each cross section of the radial cable connection lug plate 21 can be completed.

[0069] See also Figure 5 , Figure 6 , and refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the fork-ear type tensioning tooling structure provided by the present invention. Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the bearing frame in the tensioning tool provided by the present invention. When the radial cable 5 is tensioned or prestressed, the supporting parts of the bearing frame 32 are first docked to the end of the adjusting sleeve 14 close to the cable body 16, and fixed with a through screw 34. The tooling pin 39 at the special-shaped ear plate passes through the tooling hole 28 to fix two single ears 40. The two single ears 40 are anchored on the connecting steel plate 33, which is different from the threaded steel 31 on one side of the welded ball node 11. One end of the threaded steel 31 at the bearing frame 32 is anchored on the connecting steel plate 33, and the other end passes through the hole on the bearing frame 32 and the through-type jack and is anchored on the surface of the jack 35. A second stiffening rib 37 is arranged in the bearing frame 32 along the direction of the anchoring force. After the jack 35 is ejected, the thread bite force on the first bidirectional adjustment screw 15 can be reduced, thereby facilitating the rotation of the first bidirectional adjustment screw 15 to achieve tensioning and prestressing adjustment. As a technician in this field can easily understand, after the jack 35 completely offsets the axial force of the cable, the pin 13 can be pulled out from the pin hole 23 on the side away from the welding ball node 11, and the cable body 16 can be stretched out and then the pin 13 can be passed through the pin hole 23 closer to the welding ball node 11 and then re-fixed to achieve prestress adjustment during the service life.

[0070] Please continue reading Figure 3 , and refer to Figure 2 The main body of the intermittent node of the ring cable as the lower node 8 of the strut is a cast steel part, and the middle part of the cast steel part is a cast steel sleeve 25. The inner wall of the cast steel sleeve 25 is provided with threads and connected to the second bidirectional adjustment screw 20. Two ring cable connecting ear plates 22 and two radial cable connecting ear plates 21 are symmetrically distributed around the cast steel part. The ring cable connecting ear plate 22 is connected to the adjustable end of the annular cable 4 through the pin 13. Two pin holes 23 and two tooling holes 28 are prefabricated on the ring cable connecting ear plate 22, and a plate 24 is welded around the pin hole 23 for local reinforcement. The radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is connected to the fixed end of the radial cable 5 through the pin 13. Only one pin hole 23 can be set on the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 because the radial cable 5 does not perform prestress adjustment here.

[0071] More specifically, after the construction of the upper node 7 of the strut is completed, the lower node 8 of the strut is installed. First, the upper end of the second two-way adjustment screw 20 is rotated into the round steel pipe 19 with internal threads, and then the cast steel sleeve 25 is screwed into the lower end of the second two-way adjustment screw 20, and the direction of the ring cable connecting ear plate 22 is adjusted to the designed position. After the steel casting is in place, the annular cable 4 and the radial cable 5 are installed. At this time, the pin 13 at the end of the annular cable 4 should pass through the pin hole 23 on the side of the ring cable connecting ear plate 22 away from the cast steel sleeve 25. Obviously, the lower node 8 of the strut supports prestress adjustment through the annular cable 4 and the strut 6 at the same time.

[0072] See also Figure 7 , and refer to Figure 3 , Figure 7 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a double-load-bearing frame tensioning tooling structure suitable for a hoop-cable discontinuous type strut lower node. As a hoop-cable discontinuous type node under the strut 8, the hoop-cable prestressing tensioning tooling and Figure 5 The fork-ear type fixture shown is similar. When installing the prestressed tensioning fixture of the strut 6, the matching parts of the upper bearing frame 32 should be set on the upper edge of the cast steel sleeve 25 and fixed with the through screw 34. The upper ends of the two threaded steel bars 31 are anchored on the upper bearing frame 32, and then the matching parts of the lower bearing frame 32 are fixed to the fixed position below the strut 6, and the lower end of the threaded steel bar 31 is anchored by the anchor nut 36. When prestressed tensioning or adjustment is performed, the jack 35 can be placed on the upper surface of the lower bearing frame 32. After the top is ejected, it contacts the lower end of the second bidirectional adjustment screw 20 of the strut 6 through the pad 42. After reducing the thread bite force, the second bidirectional adjustment screw 20 can be rotated to change the length of the strut 6.

[0073] See also Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Figure 8Shown is a schematic diagram of the double-ring continuous node structure of the node scheme under the brace of the present invention. Fig. 9 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a load-bearing frame type tensioning tooling suitable for the lower node of the continuous type strut of the ring cable. The continuous node as the lower node 8 of the strut includes a cast steel cable clamp 26, a cast steel sleeve 25 with internal threads and a radial cable connection ear plate 21. The cast steel cable clamp 26 is provided with a hole for facilitating the insertion of the threaded steel 31. The cast steel sleeve 25 with internal threads passes through the cast steel cable clamp 26 and is welded to the cast steel cable clamp 26. It is connected to the upper internal threaded round steel pipe 19 through the second two-way adjustment screw 20. The radial cable connection ear plate 21 is welded to the side of the cast steel cable clamp 26 and is connected to the double-ear anchor 12 at the fixed end of the radial cable 5 through the pin 13. The cable body 16 passes through the cast steel cable clamp 26 without being interrupted at the lower node 8 of the strut. The upper and lower cast steel cable clamps 26 are fixed by bolts, and the tooling holes 28 are prefabricated on the cast steel cable clamp 26.

[0074] More specifically, after the construction of the upper node 7 of the strut is completed, the upper end of the second two-way adjustment screw 20 is first rotated into the round steel pipe 19 with built-in threads, and then the cast steel sleeve 25 is screwed into the lower end of the second two-way adjustment screw 20, and finally the upper and lower cast steel cable clamps 26 are passed through the cast steel sleeve 25, and the cable body 16 is passed through the cast steel cable clamp 26, and the upper and lower cast steel cable clamps 26 are clamped The cable body 16 is tightened with bolts, and then welded with the cast steel sleeve 25, and then the radial cable connecting ear plate 21 is welded to the side of the cast steel cable clamp 26, and then the annular cable 4 and radial cable 5 can be installed. During installation, the pin shaft 13 at the end of the annular cable 4 should pass through the pin shaft hole 23 at one end of the annular cable connecting ear plate 22 away from the cast steel sleeve 25.

[0075] Please continue reading Fig. 9 , and refer to Figure 1 The ring cable continuous node as the lower node 8 of the strut supports the prestressing adjustment of the strut 6. Its tensioning tooling is similar to the intermittent lower section of the strut as the lower node 8 of the strut, but there is no need to set up the upper bearing frame 32. The upper end of the threaded steel bar 31 can be directly anchored on the upper surface of the cast steel cable clamp 26. The remaining steps are the same as those of the intermittent lower section of the strut as the lower node 8 of the strut.

[0076] See also Fig.10 , Fig.10The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the ring cable connection node provided by the present invention. In the embodiment of the lower node of the ring cable continuous strut, a ring cable connection node 9 is set at the connection point of different cable segments of the same ring cable. The ring cable connection node 9 is connected to the adjustable end of the annular cable 4 through a connecting plate 27 and a pin 13. Two pin holes 23 and two tooling holes 28 are reserved on the connecting plate 27, and a plate 24 is provided for reinforcement. When the annular cable 4 is installed, the pins 13 of the ring cable adjustment ends on both sides should pass through the two outermost pin holes 23 of the connecting plate 27. During the service life, the pins 13 can be pulled out from the outermost pin holes 23 and passed through the inner pin holes 23, and then re-fixed to achieve prestress compensation.

[0077] See also Fig.11 , Fig.11 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the double-load-bearing frame tensioning tooling structure suitable for the ring cable connection node. When performing ring cable tensioning or prestressing adjustment, first fix the left and right load-bearing frames 32 on the outside of the adjustment sleeves 14 of the annular cables 4 on both sides. Before installation, each limit steel plate 38 is welded into a whole after the matching parts are placed on the outside of the double-ear anchor 12. Each threaded steel bar 31 passes through the load-bearing frame 32 and the limit steel plate 38 in turn, and the left and right ends are anchored at the end of the load-bearing frame 32 and the surface of the through-type jack 35 respectively. When the jack 35 is ejected and drives the threaded steel bar 31 to extend, the bite force of the first two-way adjustment screw 15 at the end of the annular cable 4 is reduced, and the left and right first two-way adjustment screws 15 can be adjusted at the same time. If it is necessary to replace the pin shaft hole 23, the left and right cable sections should be replaced in turn, and the two pin shafts 13 cannot be taken out at the same time.

[0078] It can be seen from the specific implementation that the suspension dome adopts the lower node of the ring cable discontinuous strut. During the tensioning construction, the designed cable force is achieved by adjusting the first two-way adjustment screw 15 at the end of the annular cable 4. During the service period, prestress compensation can still be achieved in the following four ways: adjusting the first two-way adjustment screw 15 at the end of the radial cable 5; rotating the second two-way adjustment screw 20 under the strut 6; replacing the pin hole 23 through which the radial cable anchor pin 13 passes at the upper node 7 of the strut; replacing the pin hole 23 through which the annular cable 4 pin 13 passes at the lower node 8 of the strut.

[0079] Obviously, under the condition of meeting the engineering requirements, the three tensioning methods of jacking struts 6, tensioning circumferential cables 4 and tensioning radial cables 5 and the four prestressing compensation methods during the service period can be freely combined, and the most convenient construction scheme can be selected according to the operating conditions. The present invention only lists one of the exemplary embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned implementation mode. Based on the above description, technicians can easily think of the prestressed adjustable chord-dome node structure, construction method and prestressing compensation scheme during the service period based on different engineering practices.

[0080] In summary, the present invention solves the problem that the existing suspension-dome cable end adjustment section cannot adjust the prestress during the service life after the tensioning construction is exhausted through innovative design of the key nodes of the new suspension-dome; through node construction measures, the annular cables, radial cables and struts in the same suspension-dome can all achieve prestress adjustment, providing multiple prestress compensation opportunities for the suspension-dome structure during its service life; at the same time, an innovative method of replacing the pin shaft ear plate connection hole for prestress compensation is proposed, which is simple to construct and operate, and tensioning tooling corresponding to each prestress adjustment method is designed, realizing standardized design of the tooling, and the tooling holes reserved in the ear plate and cable clamp in advance can facilitate the prestress compensation operation during the service life and ensure efficiency.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, if any modification or variation falls within the scope of protection of the appended claims and equivalents, it is considered that the present invention covers these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A suspensory dome with adjustable prestress during service life, characterized in that: The chord-supported dome with adjustable prestress during service life comprises: a lattice shell, a tensegrity structure and a support, wherein the rods in the lattice shell are connected by welded ball nodes, and the tensegrity structure comprises annular cables, radial cables, struts, upper nodes of the struts, lower nodes of the struts and circumferential cable connection nodes; the circumferential cables and radial cables are both composed of double-ear anchors, pins, adjustment sleeves, bidirectional adjustment screws and cable bodies; the struts are composed of a top universal hinge, a round steel pipe with built-in threads and a bidirectional adjustment screw; the upper nodes of the struts are connected to the lattice shell rods, the struts and the radial cables; The lower node of the strut connects the strut, the annular cable and the radial cable; the annular cable connection node connects different cable sections of the same circle of annular cable; the annular cable, radial cable and the lower node of the strut are respectively provided with matching tensioning tooling; a ball node is welded at the upper node of the strut, and a stiffening rib is welded at the bottom end, and the stiffening rib is connected to the universal hinge at the top end of the strut; a radial cable connection ear plate is welded on the outside of the welded ball node, and is connected to the double-ear anchor at the adjusting end of the radial cable through a pin shaft; a plurality of pin shaft holes and tooling holes are reserved on the radial cable connection ear plate, and a patch plate is provided for local reinforcement.

2. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The annular cable and the radial cable are both fixed at one end and adjustable at the other end, and an adjusting sleeve and a bidirectional adjusting screw are arranged at the adjusting end; the lower end of the support rod is provided with a bidirectional adjusting screw for adjusting the height.

3. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: It is further equipped with a fork-ear type tensioning tooling, which is connected to the node ear plate on the support rod through the tooling pin and the single ears on the left and right sides. The threaded steel bar at the end of the single ear passes through the load-bearing frame and the through-type jack and is fixed by an anchor nut.

4. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The matching component of the load-bearing frame is butted against one end of the adjusting sleeve close to the cable body and is fixed by a through-screw rod.

5. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the ring cable discontinuous node serving as the lower node of the strut is made of cast steel, the middle part of the cast steel sleeve is a cast steel sleeve, the inner wall of the cast steel sleeve is provided with threads and is connected to the bidirectional adjusting screw, two ring cable connecting ear plates and two radial cable connecting ear plates are symmetrically distributed around the cast steel, the ring cable connecting ear plate is connected to the adjustable end of the annular cable through a pin, two pin holes and two tooling holes are prefabricated on the ring cable connecting ear plate, and plates are welded around the pin holes for local reinforcement, the radial cable connecting ear plate is connected to the fixed end of the radial cable through a pin, and only one pin hole is provided on the radial cable connecting ear plate.

6. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: As the discontinuous node of the ring cable under the support rod, the prestressed tensioning tooling of the ring cable adopts the fork ear type tooling, and the jacking support rod construction is equipped with a double load-bearing frame tensioning tooling. The tooling is connected by threaded steel to connect the upper and lower load-bearing frames. The jack is placed between the lower load-bearing frame and the bottom end of the support rod. After the top is lifted, the force is applied to the support rod through the pad.

7. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous node serving as the lower node of the support pole includes a cast steel cable clamp, a cast steel sleeve with an internal thread and a radial cable connecting ear plate. The cast steel cable clamp is provided with holes for facilitating the insertion of threaded steel. The cast steel sleeve with an internal thread passes through the cast steel cable clamp and is welded to the cast steel cable clamp, and is connected to the upper round steel pipe with an internal thread through a two-way adjusting screw. The radial cable connecting ear plate is welded to the side of the cast steel cable clamp, and is connected to the double-ear anchor of the radial cable fixed end through a pin shaft. The cable body passes through the cast steel cable clamp without being interrupted at the lower node of the support pole. The upper and lower cast steel cable clamps are fixed by bolts, and the cast steel cable clamps have prefabricated tooling holes.

8. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: Further supporting load-bearing frame type tensioning tooling is provided, the threaded steel bar passes through the reserved tooling hole on the cast steel cable clamp, the upper end is anchored to the upper surface of the cast steel cable clamp, the lower end is anchored to the lower surface of the load-bearing frame, the jack is placed between the lower load-bearing frame and the bottom end of the support rod, and the force is applied to the support rod through the pad after the top is ejected.

9. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The annular cable segments of the same circle are connected through annular cable connection nodes, and the annular cable connection nodes are connected to the adjustable ends of the annular cable segments through connecting plates and pins. Two pin holes are reserved on the connecting plate and a plate is provided for reinforcement.

10. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: It is further equipped with a double-load-bearing frame tensioning tooling. The load-bearing frame is set on the outside of the adjusting sleeve of the adjustable section of the annular cable. The threaded steel bar passes through the load-bearing frames on the left and right sides of the node, two limit steel plates and the through-type jack and is fixed with anchor nuts.

11. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the two-way adjustment screw connected to the annular cable and the radial cable have threads arranged in opposite directions. Rotating the two-way adjustment screw can shorten or lengthen the distance between the adjustment sleeves or round steel pipes on both sides.

12. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the pin hole far away from the welded ball node and the edge of the radial cable connecting ear plate is less than the spacing between the pin holes.

13. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side of the end of the double-ear anchor connected with the bidirectional adjustment screw rod is provided with a thread.

14. The suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service life as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Tooling holes are reserved on the connecting ear plates and the cast steel cable clamps.

15. A method for adjusting the prestress of a suspension-dome with adjustable prestress during service as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The prestress compensation is achieved during the service period by at least two methods, including adjusting the bidirectional adjustment screw at the end of the radial cable, rotating the bidirectional adjustment screw under the strut, replacing the pin hole through which the radial cable anchor pin passes at the upper node of the strut, and replacing the pin hole through which the circumferential cable pin passes at the lower node of the strut.

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