A blood supernatant preparation device and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to a device for preparing blood supernatant and a preparation method thereof; it includes a rubber cap for collecting venous blood and sealing, and a housing that cooperates with the rubber cap to achieve a vacuum environment inside. An upper inner part of the housing is provided with a sliding housing for separating the supernatant and extracting the supernatant under normal pressure, and a lower inner housing for blood layering is sleeved on the lower part of the sliding housing; it has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, and without changing direct venous blood collection, it can achieve convenient blood separation and collection and extraction of the supernatant without changing the container.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of separation and extraction of blood products, and specifically relates to a blood supernatant preparation device and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A vacuum blood collection tube is a negative pressure vacuum tube that is used in conjunction with a venous blood collection needle to collect venous blood. Existing vacuum blood collection tubes are convenient to operate during the blood collection process due to their vacuum characteristics, and they also have the characteristics of low manufacturing costs. They are a relatively common consumable material in the field of blood component separation. However, during the aseptic extraction of the blood supernatant component, negative pressure will be generated inside the container, making it difficult to extract the supernatant. At the same time, after the above-mentioned vacuum blood collection tubes are used for centrifugal stratification, the components cannot be physically separated, and a slight shake may cause the components to mix, making it inconvenient to extract the blood supernatant.

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, some companies install filter membranes inside vacuum blood collection tubes to separate components such as serum or plasma. However, in actual applications, the efficiency of filter membranes in filtering blood components is very slow and can only be used for trace filtration. In addition, the filter membrane cannot withstand the centrifugal force during centrifugation of vacuum blood collection tubes. After centrifugation, a needle is inserted into the rubber cap on the upper part of the vacuum blood collection tube to allow the external gas of the container to enter the device, remove the negative pressure, and then use a syringe to extract the blood supernatant. There are also methods that remove the rubber cap on the upper part of the vacuum blood collection tube to directly extract the blood supernatant, but these methods have high professional requirements for operators, and are prone to cause the supernatant to be confused with other components due to shaking, resulting in operation failure, which is high risk; at the same time, it will also cause the blood supernatant to come into contact with the air and be contaminated. Based on this, vacuum blood collection tubes can only be used in a certain range. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and to provide a blood supernatant preparation device and a preparation method thereof, which can be conveniently used in conjunction with a venous blood collection needle for vacuum blood collection, and can separate and stratify blood and extract supernatant under normal pressure and sterile conditions without changing the container after collecting whole blood.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A blood supernatant preparation device comprises a rubber cap for collecting venous blood and sealing, and an outer shell that cooperates with the rubber cap to achieve an internal vacuum environment, the inner upper part of the outer shell is provided with a sliding shell for separating supernatant and extracting supernatant at normal pressure, and the lower part of the sliding shell is provided with an inner lower shell for achieving blood stratification.

[0007] Preferably, air holes with bacteriostatic breathable membranes are formed on the outer wall of the upper side of the sliding shell; the outer shell, the sliding shell and the inner lower shell are all made of transparent materials.

[0008] Preferably, the inner side of the top of the sliding shell is connected to the outer wall of the lower part of the rubber cap. A sloping transition surface is provided at the lower part of the sliding shell. A separating baffle which is an integral structure and extends outwards is provided at the bottom of the sloping transition surface. A sealing ring adapted to the inner wall of the inner lower shell is provided on the outer side of the connection part of the sloping transition surface and the separating baffle. The inner side of the connection part of the sloping transition surface and the separating baffle is adapted to the guiding and sealing support part. A small groove adapted to the guiding and sealing support part is formed on the inner side of the connection part of the sloping transition surface and the separating baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the guiding and sealing support part includes a column provided on the bottom wall of the inner lower shell. A rubber column is sleeved outside the column. The outer wall of the rubber column is adapted to the inner side of the connection part of the sloping transition surface and the separating baffle.

[0010] Preferably, the rubber cap includes an outer circumferential sealing joint surface and a central groove provided at the center position of the top of the rubber cap; the outer circumferential sealing joint surface includes a lower sealing joint surface provided at the lower part of the outer circumference. An upper step limiting surface is provided on the upper part of the lower sealing joint surface. An upper sealing joint surface is provided on the outer side of the upper part of the lower step limiting surface. An upper step limiting surface is provided on the upper part of the upper sealing joint surface.

[0011] Preferably, the lower sealing joint surface is adapted to the inner wall of the top of the sliding shell. A sliding shell boss is provided on the outer wall of the upper part of the sliding shell. The upper surface of the sliding shell boss is adapted to the lower step limiting surface; an outwardly expanding step is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the outer shell. External threads are provided on the outer wall of the outer shell corresponding to the upper part of the step. The upper joint surface of the step is adapted to the lower surface of the sliding shell boss. The inner wall of the upper part of the step of the outer shell is adapted to the upper sealing joint surface.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes a protective cap provided outside the rubber cap. A protective cap step is provided on the upper inner part of the protective cap. Internal threads adapted to the external threads on the outer wall of the outer shell are provided on the inner wall of the lower part of the protective cap step. The upper joint surface of the protective cap step is adapted to the upper step limiting surface.

[0013] Preferably, the diameter of the small groove is 0.1 - 1 mm.

[0014] A preparation method of a blood supernatant preparation device. The preparation method is as follows: the outer shell and the rubber cap are combined and the inside thereof is in a vacuum state. A venous blood sample collection needle is used to penetrate the rubber cap to collect blood. The whole blood enters the inner lower shell and the sliding shell, and incubation and centrifugation operations are carried out to make the whole blood stratified; after the stratification is completed, the outer shell is removed to make the inside of the sliding shell and the inner lower shell in an atmospheric pressure state; the sliding shell is pressed to move downward relative to the inner lower shell to separate the supernatant and red blood cells after stratification; after the separation is completed, the supernatant can be extracted by inserting a syringe needle through the rubber cap.

[0015] A preparation method of a blood supernatant preparation device, the preparation method comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Fit the inner lower shell over the lower part of the sliding shell, connect the outer shell and the protective cap by threading, and finally press the rubber cap to fit it together with the upper part of the sliding shell, the upper part of the outer shell, and the inner side of the protective cap; At this time, the inner lower shell and the sliding shell are in a communicating state, and under the cooperation of the seal formed by the rubber cap and the outer shell and the air holes of the bacteria-proof breathable membrane, the inside of the outer shell, the inner lower shell, and the inside of the sliding shell are in a vacuum state;

[0017] Step 2: Use a disposable medical venous blood sampling needle to insert into the central groove of the rubber cap for vacuum negative pressure blood collection; The blood enters the sliding shell and the inner lower shell under the action of negative pressure;

[0018] Step 3: After blood collection in Step 2, perform incubation and centrifugation operations. After centrifugation, the blood is stratified, with the upper layer being the supernatant and the lower layer being red blood cells;

[0019] Step 4: Rotate the outer shell to disengage the external thread of the outer shell from the internal thread of the protective cap and then remove the outer shell. When the outer shell is removed, the outside air enters the sliding shell after being filtered by the bacteria-proof breathable membrane, making the inner lower shell and the sliding shell in an atmospheric pressure state;

[0020] Step 5: Press the rubber cap to move the sliding shell and the sealing ring towards the inner lower shell side. When the connection between the slope transition surface and the separation baffle contacts the outer surface of the rubber column, the sliding shell and the inner lower shell are only connected through the small groove;

[0021] Step 6: Manually observe the blood stratification condition, and continue to press the rubber cap to make the sliding shell continue to descend to the stratification position of the supernatant and red blood cells to separate the supernatant and red blood cells; During the above pressing process, the gas in the upper part of the sliding shell is discharged through the bacteria-proof breathable membrane to avoid generating pressure on the rubber cap;

[0022] Step 7: Pierce through the central groove with the needle of a disposable sterile syringe to extract the supernatant in the sliding shell.

[0023] A blood supernatant preparation device and its preparation method made according to the above scheme, by setting the rubber cap and the outer shell to form a vacuum environment to achieve the purpose of facilitating whole blood collection. By setting the sliding shell and the inner lower shell inside the outer shell, it can achieve the separation of the supernatant by physical and mechanical means after blood stratification, avoiding its re-mixing, and at the same time laying a foundation for extracting the supernatant at atmospheric pressure; It has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, and without changing the direct venous blood collection, it can achieve the convenience of blood separation and the collection and extraction of the supernatant without changing the container. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the inner lower shell in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber column in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing ring in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding shell in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of part A in

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the rubber cap in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the outer shell in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the protective cap in the present invention.

[0033] In the figure:

[0034] 1. Inner lower shell; 2. Rubber column; 3. Sealing ring; 4. Sliding shell; 5. Rubber cap; 6. Outer shell; 7. Protective cap; 8. Bacteriostatic breathable membrane; 9. Sloping transition surface; 10. Separation baffle; 11. Small groove; 12. Column; 13. Central groove; 14. Sliding shell boss; 15. Lower step limiting surface; 16. Upper sealing joint surface; 17. Upper step limiting surface; 18. Protective cap step; 19. Outward expanding step. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] Refer to Figures 1-9: The present invention relates to a device for preparing blood supernatant and a preparation method thereof. The preparation device includes a rubber cap 5 for collecting venous blood and sealing, and a housing 6 that cooperates with the rubber cap 5 to create a vacuum environment inside. An upper inner part of the housing 6 is provided with a sliding shell 4 for separating supernatant and extracting supernatant at normal pressure. A lower part of the sliding shell 4 is sleeved with an inner lower shell 1 for blood layering. The present invention creates a vacuum environment through the cooperation of the rubber cap 5 and the housing 6, which has the same function as an existing vacuum blood collection tube, facilitating the collection of whole blood with a venous blood collection needle. At the same time, the present invention is provided with a sliding shell 4 and an inner lower shell 1 inside the housing 6. The cooperation of these two shells is used as a container for whole blood during blood collection, as a centrifuge container during centrifugal layering, and as a container for physically separating supernatant after blood layering (to prevent the layered blood from returning to the layered state). At the same time, it can be in a normal pressure state when extracting supernatant under the cooperation of the housing 6, achieving the characteristic of easy extraction. Based on the above characteristics, the essence of the present invention is to achieve the characteristics of easy separation and extraction of supernatant under the premise of avoiding blood contamination by using the same container to collect, centrifuge, and separate whole blood without changing the original blood collection form.

[0037] Further, referring to Figure 1 、 2 、5, 8, a ventilation hole with a bacteria-proof breathable membrane 8 is provided on an outer wall of an upper side of the sliding shell 4; the housing 6, the sliding shell 4, and the inner lower shell 1 are all made of transparent materials. By providing a ventilation hole with a bacteria-proof breathable membrane 8 on the outer wall of the sliding shell 4, it is convenient to achieve the vacuum and normal pressure states inside the sliding shell 4, and at the same time, it can prevent bacteria contamination in the external environment from contaminating the blood sample. By setting the housing 6, the sliding shell 4, and the inner lower shell 1 made of transparent materials, the purpose of facilitating the observation of the amount of whole blood collection, the centrifugal separation situation, and the blood liquid sealing layer situation can be achieved.

[0038] Further, referring to Figure 1 、 4, 5, 6, the inner side of the top of the sliding shell 4 is connected to the outer wall of the lower part of the rubber cap 5. The lower part of the sliding shell 4 is provided with a sloping transition surface 9. The bottom of the sloping transition surface 9 is provided with a separating baffle 10 of an integral structure and extending outwards. The outer side of the connection of the sloping transition surface 9 and the separating baffle 10 is provided with a sealing ring 3 adapted to the inner wall of the inner lower shell 1. The inner side of the connection of the sloping transition surface 9 and the separating baffle 10 is adapted to the guiding and sealing support part. A small groove 11 adapted to the guiding and sealing support part is opened on the inner side of the connection of the sloping transition surface 9 and the separating baffle 10. In the present invention, the sliding shell 4 can move up and down in the inner lower shell 1 to separate the supernatant after layering, avoiding mixing due to shaking. Further, by providing the sloping transition surface 9, it is convenient to extract the supernatant while laying a foundation for installing the sealing ring 3 and setting the separating baffle 10. When the separating baffle 10 in the present invention moves downwards, the fluidity of the supernatant is good. Under the cooperation of the separating baffle 10 and the sealing ring 3, the supernatant enters the inside of the sliding shell 4 through the small groove 11 to achieve the purpose of being convenient for later extraction.

[0039] Further, referring to Figure 1 , 2 , 3, the guiding and sealing support part includes a column 12 provided on the bottom wall of the inner lower shell 1. A rubber column 2 is sleeved outside the column 12. The outer wall of the rubber column 2 is adapted to the inner side of the connection of the sloping transition surface 9 and the separating baffle 10. In the present invention, the inner lower shell 1 is provided with the column 12 with the rubber column 2. The above structure setting can provide guidance for the downward movement of the connection of the sloping transition surface 9 and the separating baffle 10 and play a role in sealing the inner upper shell 1 and the sliding shell 4.

[0040] Further, referring to Figure 1 , 7 , the rubber cap 5 includes an outer circumferential sealing joint surface and a central groove 13 provided at the center of the top of the rubber cap 5. The outer circumferential sealing joint surface includes a lower sealing joint surface provided at the lower part of the outer circumference. The upper part of the lower sealing joint surface is provided with a lower step limiting surface 15. The outer side of the upper part of the lower step limiting surface 15 is provided with an upper sealing joint surface 16. The upper part of the upper sealing joint surface 16 is provided with an upper step limiting surface 17. In the present invention, on the one hand, the rubber cap 5 cooperates with the sliding shell 4 and the outer shell 6 to form a sealing structure and achieve the functions of facilitating the collection of whole blood and collecting the supernatant. On the other hand, it can also provide an installation space for the protective cap 7 and form a stable structure between the protective cap 7 and the outer shell 6.

[0041] Further, referring to Figure 1 , 5、7, 8. The lower sealing joint surface is adapted to the inner wall of the top of the sliding shell 4. A sliding shell boss 14 is provided on the outer wall of the upper part of the sliding shell 4, and the upper surface of the sliding shell boss 14 is adapted to the lower step limiting surface 15. An outwardly extending step 19 is provided on the upper part of the inner wall of the outer shell 6. An external thread is provided on the outer wall of the outer shell 6 corresponding to the upper part of the step 19. The upper joint surface of the step 19 is adapted to the lower surface of the sliding shell boss 14, and the inner wall of the outer shell 6 at the upper part of the step 19 is adapted to the upper sealing joint surface 16.

[0042] Further, referring to Figure 9 , it further includes a protective cap 7 provided outside the rubber cap 5. A protective cap step 18 is provided on the upper inner part of the protective cap 7. An internal thread adapted to the external thread on the outer wall of the outer shell 6 is provided on the inner wall of the lower part of the protective cap step 18. The upper joint surface of the protective cap step 18 is adapted to the upper step limiting surface 17. The lower part of the protective cap step 18 of the protective cap 7 limits the outer shell 6 and is connected to the external thread on the outer wall of the outer shell 6 through its internal thread to achieve the stability of its structure. At the same time, the upper joint surface of the protective cap step 18 is adapted to the upper step limiting surface 17 in the rubber cap 5 to achieve the limitation of the protective cap 7.

[0043] Further, referring to Figure 6 , the diameter of the small groove 11 is 0.1 - 1 mm. The diameter of the small groove in the present invention can be 0.1 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm or 1 mm. Preferably, during use, the two side edges of the small groove 11 are adapted to the outer surface of the rubber column 2, and the gap through which the supernatant passes is formed by their cooperation. The diameter of the small groove 11 in the present invention refers to the diameter if the small groove 11 is circular.

[0044] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a blood supernatant preparation device. The preparation method is as follows: The outer shell 6 and the rubber cap 5 are combined and the inside is in a vacuum state. A venous blood sampling needle is used to penetrate the rubber cap 5 to collect blood. The whole blood enters the inner lower shell 1 and the sliding shell 4, and incubation and centrifugation operations are carried out to make the whole blood stratified. After the stratification is completed, the outer shell 6 is removed to make the inside of the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1 in an atmospheric pressure state. By pressing the sliding shell 4 to move downward relative to the inner lower shell 1, the supernatant and red blood cells after stratification are separated. After the separation is completed, the supernatant can be extracted by inserting a syringe needle through the rubber cap 5.

[0045] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a blood supernatant preparation device, and the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Fit the inner lower shell 1 over the lower part of the sliding shell 4, connect the outer shell 6 and the protective cap 7 by threading, and finally press the rubber cap 5 and assemble it with the upper part of the sliding shell 4, the upper part of the outer shell 6, and the inner side of the protective cap 7; at this time, the inner lower shell 1 and the sliding shell 4 are in a communicating state, and under the cooperation of the sealing formed by the rubber cap 5 and the outer shell 6 and the air-permeable holes of the bacteria-blocking and breathable membrane 8, the inside of the outer shell 6, the inside of the inner lower shell 1, and the inside of the sliding shell 4 are in a vacuum state;

[0047] Step 2: Use a disposable medical venous blood sampling needle to insert into the central groove 13 of the rubber cap 5 for vacuum negative pressure blood collection; the blood enters the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1 under the action of negative pressure;

[0048] Step 3: After the blood collection in Step 2, perform incubation and centrifugation operations. After centrifugation, the blood is layered, with the supernatant on the upper layer and red blood cells on the lower layer;

[0049] Step 4: Rotate the outer shell 6 to disengage the external thread of the outer shell 6 from the internal thread of the protective cap 7 and then remove the outer shell 6. When the outer shell 6 is removed, the outside air enters the sliding shell 4 after being filtered by the bacteria-blocking and breathable membrane 8, making the inner lower shell 1 and the sliding shell 4 in an atmospheric pressure state;

[0050] Step 5: Press the rubber cap 5 to move the sliding shell 4 and the sealing ring 3 towards the inner lower shell 1. When the connection between the sloping transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 contacts the outer surface of the rubber column 2, the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1 are only connected through the small groove 11;

[0051] Step 6: Manually observe the blood layering condition, continue to press the rubber cap 5 to make the sliding shell 4 continue to descend to the separation position of the supernatant and red blood cells to achieve the separation of the supernatant and red blood cells; during the above pressing process, the gas in the upper part of the sliding shell 4 is discharged through the bacteria-blocking and breathable membrane 8 to avoid generating pressure on the rubber cap 5;

[0052] Step 7: Pierce the disposable sterile syringe needle through the central groove 13 to extract the supernatant in the sliding shell 4.

[0053] The present invention can complete the collection of whole blood, centrifugation of blood, physical separation of supernatant, and extraction of supernatant in the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1, so as to avoid the risk of blood exposure to the external environment. At the same time, the present invention can achieve the characteristics of facilitating whole blood collection and supernatant extraction through the switching between vacuum and normal pressure. In order to facilitate the switching between vacuum and normal pressure, the present invention is provided with air holes with bacteriostatic breathable membranes 8 on the outer wall of the sliding shell 4 to prevent external bacteria from entering and causing sample contamination during the switching. Further, the present invention physically isolates the supernatant through the downward movement of the sliding shell 4. During the downward movement of the sliding shell 4, the separation baffle 10, the sealing ring 3, and the cooperation between the connection of the slope-shaped transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 and the rubber column 2 enable the supernatant to enter the inside of the sliding shell 4 through the small groove 11. Since the diameter of the small groove 11 is 0.1-1 mm, it can effectively prevent the red blood cells in the lower layer from entering, thereby avoiding the problem of remixing of the two due to shaking. Further, a rubber cap 5 is provided in the present invention, which not only facilitates blood collection and supernatant extraction, but also provides a vacuum environment and an installation space for the outer shell 6, the protective cap 7, and the sliding shell 4, and lays a foundation for the firm connection between the above components.

[0054] To explain the present invention in more detail, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with embodiments. The specific embodiments are as follows:

[0055] Embodiment 1

[0056] A blood supernatant preparation device, comprising a rubber cap 5 for collecting venous blood and sealing, and a housing 6 that cooperates with the rubber cap 5 to create a vacuum environment inside. An upper inner part of the housing 6 is provided with a sliding shell 4 for separating the supernatant and extracting the supernatant under normal pressure. A lower part of the sliding shell 4 is sleeved with an inner lower shell 1 for achieving blood stratification. An air-permeable hole with a bacteria-proof breathable membrane 8 is opened on an outer wall of an upper side of the sliding shell 4; the housing 6, the sliding shell 4, and the inner lower shell 1 are all made of transparent materials. An inner side of a top of the sliding shell 4 is connected to an outer wall of a lower part of the rubber cap 5. A lower part of the sliding shell 4 is provided with a sloping transition surface 9. A bottom of the sloping transition surface 9 is provided with a separation baffle 10 with an integral structure and extending outward. An outer side of a connection part between the sloping transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 is provided with a sealing ring 3 adapted to an inner wall of the inner lower shell 1. An inner side of the connection part between the sloping transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 is adapted to a guiding and sealing support part, and a small groove 11 adapted to the guiding and sealing support part is opened on an inner side of the connection part between the sloping transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10. The guiding and sealing support part includes a column 12 provided on a bottom wall of the inner lower shell 1. An outer part of the column 12 is sleeved with a rubber column 2, and an outer wall of the rubber column 2 is adapted to an inner side of the connection part between the sloping transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10. The rubber cap 5 includes an outer circumferential sealing joint surface, and a central groove 13 provided at a central position on a top of the rubber cap 5; the outer circumferential sealing joint surface includes a lower sealing joint surface provided at a lower part of the outer circumference. An upper part of the lower sealing joint surface is provided with a lower step limiting surface 15. An outer side of an upper part of the lower step limiting surface 15 is provided with an upper sealing joint surface 16. An upper part of the upper sealing joint surface 16 is provided with an upper step limiting surface 17. The lower sealing joint surface is adapted to an inner wall of a top of the sliding shell 4. A sliding shell boss 14 is provided on an outer wall of an upper part of the sliding shell 4, and an upper surface of the sliding shell boss 14 is adapted to the lower step limiting surface 15; an upper part of an inner wall of the housing 6 is provided with an outwardly expanding step 19. An outer wall of the housing 6 corresponding to an upper part of the step 19 is provided with an external thread. An upper joint surface of the step 19 is adapted to a lower surface of the sliding shell boss 14. An inner wall of an upper part of the housing 6 corresponding to the step 19 is adapted to the upper sealing joint surface 16. A protective cap 7 is further provided outside the rubber cap 5. An upper inner part of the protective cap 7 is provided with a protective cap step 18. An inner wall of a lower part of the protective cap step 18 is provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread on the outer wall of the housing 6. An upper joint surface of the protective cap step 18 is adapted to the upper step limiting surface 17. The diameter of the small groove 11 is 1 mm.

[0057] A preparation method of a blood supernatant preparation device, the preparation method being: the outer shell 6 and the rubber cap 5 are combined and the inside thereof is in a vacuum state, a venous blood sample collection needle is used to penetrate the rubber cap 5 to collect blood, the whole blood enters the inner lower shell 1 and the sliding shell 4, and incubation and centrifugation operations are carried out to cause the whole blood to stratify; after the stratification is completed, the outer shell 6 is removed to make the inside of the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1 under normal pressure; the sliding shell 4 is pressed to move downward relative to the inner lower shell 1 to separate the supernatant and red blood cells after stratification; after the separation is completed, the supernatant can be extracted by inserting a syringe needle through the rubber cap 5.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A blood supernatant preparation device, comprising a rubber cap 5 for collecting venous blood and sealing, and a housing 6 that cooperates with the rubber cap 5 to create a vacuum environment inside. An upper inner part of the housing 6 is provided with a sliding shell 4 for separating the supernatant and extracting the supernatant under normal pressure. A lower part of the sliding shell 4 is sleeved with an inner lower shell 1 for achieving blood stratification. An air-permeable hole with a bacteria-blocking air-permeable membrane 8 is opened on an outer wall of an upper side of the sliding shell 4; the housing 6, the sliding shell 4, and the inner lower shell 1 are all made of transparent materials. An inner top of the sliding shell 4 is connected to an outer wall of a lower part of the rubber cap 5. A lower part of the sliding shell 4 is provided with a slope-shaped transition surface 9. A bottom of the slope-shaped transition surface 9 is provided with a separation baffle 10 with an integral structure and extending outwards. An outer side of a connection part of the slope-shaped transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 is provided with a sealing ring 3 adapted to an inner wall of the inner lower shell 1. An inner side of the connection part of the slope-shaped transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 is adapted to a guiding and sealing support part, and a small groove 11 adapted to the guiding and sealing support part is opened on an inner side of the connection part of the slope-shaped transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10. The guiding and sealing support part includes a column 12 provided on a bottom wall of the inner lower shell 1. An outer part of the column 12 is sleeved with a rubber column 2, and an outer wall of the rubber column 2 is adapted to an inner side of the connection part of the slope-shaped transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10. The rubber cap 5 includes an outer circumferential sealing joint surface, and a central groove 13 provided at a central position on a top of the rubber cap 5; the outer circumferential sealing joint surface includes a lower sealing joint surface provided at a lower part of the outer circumference, an upper part of the lower sealing joint surface is provided with a lower step limiting surface 15, an outer side of an upper part of the lower step limiting surface 15 is provided with an upper sealing joint surface 16, and an upper part of the upper sealing joint surface 16 is provided with an upper step limiting surface 17. The lower sealing joint surface is adapted to an inner wall of a top of the sliding shell 4. A sliding shell boss 14 is provided on an upper outer wall of the sliding shell 4, and an upper surface of the sliding shell boss 14 is adapted to the lower step limiting surface 15; an upper part of an inner wall of the housing 6 is provided with an outwardly expanding step 19. An outer thread is provided on an outer wall of the housing 6 corresponding to an upper part of the step 19. An upper joint surface of the step 19 is adapted to a lower surface of the sliding shell boss 14, and an inner wall of the housing 6 at an upper part of the step 19 is adapted to the upper sealing joint surface 16. A protective cap 7 is further provided outside the rubber cap 5. An upper inner part of the protective cap 7 is provided with a protective cap step 18. An inner thread adapted to the outer thread on the outer wall of the housing 6 is provided on an inner wall of a lower part of the protective cap step 18. An upper joint surface of the protective cap step 18 is adapted to the upper step limiting surface 17. The diameter of the small groove 11 is 0.1 mm.

[0060] A preparation method of a blood supernatant preparation device includes the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Fit the inner lower shell 1 over the lower part of the sliding shell 4, connect the outer shell 6 and the protective cap 7 by threading, and finally press the rubber cap 5 to assemble it with the upper part of the sliding shell 4, the upper part of the outer shell 6, and the inner side of the protective cap 7; at this time, the inner lower shell 1 and the sliding shell 4 are in a connected state, and with the cooperation of the air-permeable holes of the bacteriostatic and breathable membrane 8 to form a seal between the rubber cap 5 and the outer shell 6, the interior of the outer shell 6, the inner lower shell 1, and the interior of the sliding shell 4 are in a vacuum state;

[0062] Step 2: Use a disposable medical venous blood sampling needle to insert into the central groove 13 of the rubber cap 5 for vacuum negative pressure blood collection; the blood enters the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1 under the action of negative pressure;

[0063] Step 3: After the blood collection in Step 2, perform incubation and centrifugation operations. After centrifugation, the blood is stratified, with the supernatant on the upper layer and red blood cells on the lower layer;

[0064] Step 4: Rotate the outer shell 6 to disengage the external thread of the outer shell 6 from the internal thread of the protective cap 7 and then remove the outer shell 6. When the outer shell 6 is removed, the outside air enters the sliding shell 4 after being filtered by the bacteriostatic and breathable membrane 8, making the inner lower shell 1 and the sliding shell 4 in an atmospheric pressure state;

[0065] Step 5: Press the rubber cap 5 to move the sliding shell 4 and the sealing ring 3 towards the inner lower shell 1. When the connection between the sloping transition surface 9 and the separation baffle 10 contacts the outer surface of the rubber column 2, the sliding shell 4 and the inner lower shell 1 are only connected through the small groove 11;

[0066] Step 6: Manually observe the blood stratification condition, and continue to press the rubber cap 5 to make the sliding shell 4 continue to descend to the stratification position of the supernatant and red blood cells to achieve the separation of the supernatant and red blood cells; during the above pressing process, the gas in the upper part of the sliding shell 4 is discharged through the bacteriostatic and breathable membrane 8 to avoid generating pressure on the rubber cap 5;

[0067] Step 7: Pierce the disposable sterile syringe needle through the central groove 13 to extract the supernatant in the sliding shell 4.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific situations.

[0069] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blood supernatant preparation device, characterized in that: The preparation device includes a rubber cap (5) for collecting venous blood and sealing, and a housing (6) that cooperates with the rubber cap (5) to create a vacuum environment inside. An upper inner part of the housing (6) is provided with a sliding shell (4) for separating the supernatant and extracting the supernatant at normal pressure. An inner lower shell (1) for blood layering is sleeved on the lower part of the sliding shell (4). The inner side of the top of the sliding shell (4) is connected to the outer wall of the lower part of the rubber cap (5). The lower part of the sliding shell (4) is provided with a sloping transition surface (9). The bottom of the sloping transition surface (9) is provided with a separating baffle (10) of an integral structure and extending outwards. The outer side of the connection between the sloping transition surface (9) and the separating baffle (10) is provided with a sealing ring (3) adapted to the inner wall of the inner lower shell (1). The inner side of the connection between the sloping transition surface (9) and the separating baffle (10) is adapted to a guiding and sealing support part, and a small groove (11) adapted to the guiding and sealing support part is provided on the inner side of the connection between the sloping transition surface (9) and the separating baffle (10).

2. The blood supernatant preparation device according to claim 1, wherein: The outer wall of the upper side of the sliding shell (4) is provided with a ventilation hole with a bacteria-proof breathable membrane (8). The housing (6), the sliding shell (4), and the inner lower shell (1) are all made of transparent materials.

3. The blood supernatant preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding and sealing support part includes a column (12) provided on the bottom wall of the inner lower shell (1). A rubber column (2) is sleeved on the outside of the column (12). The outer wall of the rubber column (2) is adapted to the inner side of the connection between the sloping transition surface (9) and the separating baffle (10).

4. The blood supernatant preparation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber cap (5) includes an outer circumferential sealing joint surface and a central groove (13) provided at the center of the top of the rubber cap (5). The outer circumferential sealing joint surface includes a lower sealing joint surface provided at the lower part of the outer circumference. The upper part of the lower sealing joint surface is provided with a lower step limiting surface (15). The outer side of the upper part of the lower step limiting surface (15) is provided with an upper sealing joint surface (16). The upper part of the upper sealing joint surface (16) is provided with an upper step limiting surface (17).

5. The blood supernatant preparation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower sealing joint surface is adapted to the inner wall of the top of the sliding shell (4). A sliding shell boss (14) is provided on the upper outer wall of the sliding shell (4). The upper surface of the sliding shell boss (14) is adapted to the lower step limiting surface (15). An outwardly expanding step (19) is provided on the upper inner wall of the housing (6). External threads are provided on the outer wall of the housing (6) corresponding to the upper part of the step (19). The upper joint surface of the step (19) is adapted to the lower surface of the sliding shell boss (14). The inner wall of the housing (6) at the upper part of the step (19) is adapted to the upper sealing joint surface (16).

6. The blood supernatant preparation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It further includes a protective cap (7) provided outside the rubber cap (5). An inner upper part of the protective cap (7) is provided with a protective cap step (18). Internal threads adapted to the external threads on the outer wall of the housing (6) are provided on the inner wall of the lower part of the protective cap step (18). The upper joint surface of the protective cap step (18) is adapted to the upper step limiting surface (17).

7. The apparatus for preparing blood supernatant according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the small groove (11) is 0.1 - 1 mm.

8. A method for preparing a blood supernatant, characterized in that: The preparation method is as follows: The outer shell (6) and the rubber cap (5) are fitted together to make the inside in a vacuum state. A venous blood sample collection needle is used to penetrate the rubber cap (5) to collect blood. The whole blood enters the inner lower shell (1) and the sliding shell (4), and incubation and centrifugation operations are carried out to make the whole blood stratified; after the stratification is completed, the outer shell (6) is removed to make the inside of the sliding shell (4) and the inner lower shell (1) under normal pressure; the rubber cap (5) is pressed to make the sliding shell (4) and the sealing ring (3) move towards the inner lower shell (1). When the connection between the sloping transition surface (9) and the separation baffle (10) contacts the outer surface of the rubber column (2), the sliding shell (4) and the inner lower shell (1) are only connected through the small groove (11); the blood stratification condition is observed manually, and the rubber cap (5) is continuously pressed to make the sliding shell (4) continue to move downward to the stratification position of the supernatant and red blood cells, so as to separate the supernatant and red blood cells; after the separation is completed, the supernatant can be extracted by inserting a syringe needle through the rubber cap (5).

9. The preparation method of a blood supernatant according to claim 8, wherein: The preparation method includes the following steps: Step 1: The inner lower shell (1) is sleeved on the lower part of the sliding shell (4), the outer shell (6) is threadedly connected with the protective cap (7), and finally the rubber cap (5) is pressed tightly and assembled together with the upper part of the sliding shell (4), the upper part of the outer shell (6), and the inner side of the protective cap (7); at this time, the inner lower shell (1) and the sliding shell (4) are in a connected state, and under the cooperation of the seal formed by the rubber cap (5) and the outer shell (6) and the air holes of the bacteria-proof breathable membrane (8), the inside of the outer shell (6), the inner lower shell (1), and the sliding shell (4) is in a vacuum state; Step 2: Use a disposable medical venous blood sample collection needle to insert through the central groove (13) of the rubber cap (5) to collect blood under vacuum negative pressure; the blood enters the sliding shell (4) and the inner lower shell (1) under the action of negative pressure; Step 3: After the blood collection in Step 2, incubation and centrifugation operations are carried out. After centrifugation, the blood is stratified, with the supernatant on the upper layer and red blood cells on the lower layer; Step 4: Rotate the outer shell (6) to disengage the external thread of the outer shell (6) from the internal thread of the protective cap (7) and then remove the outer shell (6). When the outer shell (6) is removed, the external air enters the sliding shell (4) after being filtered by the bacteria-proof breathable membrane (8), making the inner lower shell (1) and the sliding shell (4) under normal pressure; Step 5: Press the rubber cap (5) to make the sliding shell (4) and the sealing ring (3) move towards the inner lower shell (1). When the connection between the sloping transition surface (9) and the separation baffle (10) contacts the outer surface of the rubber column (2), the sliding shell (4) and the inner lower shell (1) are only connected through the small groove (11); Step 6: Manually observe the blood stratification condition, and continue to press the rubber cap (5) to make the sliding shell (4) continue to move downward to the stratification position of the supernatant and red blood cells, so as to separate the supernatant and red blood cells; during the above pressing process, the gas in the upper part of the sliding shell (4) is discharged through the bacteria-proof breathable membrane (8) to avoid generating pressure on the rubber cap (5); Step 7: Pierce through the central groove (13) with a disposable sterile syringe needle to extract the supernatant in the sliding shell (4).

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